Shen Xiang Tie Guan Dao (神相鐵關刀)

相，秘術也；能指迷而越險，能解禍而為祥；其道非輕，其技非小；人定勝天，莫此為最。於德江右大安山，華陽寺中，得異人示余此書，曰：“子有慧夙，具靈根，得此書可以邀遊山水，相天下士也；獨不宜刊刻傳人，此書名曰洩天機，傳人輕洩遭天譴也；子直秘之，萬金莫授焉。”

Xiangshu is a secret discipline: it can guide lost people on the right path, helping them avoid dangers; it can resolve impending misfortunes and turn them into good fortune. Therefore, this discipline is not light, and this skill is not small; it is said that human effort can surpass destiny, and no discipline is more effective than xiangshu. I once met an extraordinary person at Huayang Temple in Dazhan Mountain, Jiangxi, who gave me this book and said, "You have brought wisdom from past lives and possess innate sensitivity; with this book, you can travel through mountains and rivers, and read the faces of people throughout the world. However, you must not print it or pass it on casually. This book is also known as 'Leitianji' (Revealing Heaven's Mechanism). If someone receives it and easily discloses it, they will suffer heavenly punishment. You should keep it secret, and even if you have ten thousand taels of silver, do not give it to anyone."

餘得是書，潛窺半載，夜生覺眼光如炬，餘異之；是以廣遊四海，以鐵關刀為名。適寄淮數截，偶遭寇亂、賊欲捕餘為國師，餘懼奔竄南京，改名金較剪；藉此相術邀遊山水，博訪神仙，率不可得。後僑寄太湖，有賣相者，書牌曰：我宗白雲先生，相法瞬息不見，只遺一牌在焉。餘拾得此牌，乃悟此相法是希夷先生秘本也；餘逐歸而藏之寺中，誓不敢洩，晤徒莫為輕玩也。破納雲谷山人謹識。繪圖神相鐵關刀附圖。

After I obtained this book, I secretly studied it for half a year. One night, I felt my eyes shining like torches, and my heart felt strange and unusual. Then I traveled all over the country, using the name "Iron Gate Blade" to hang my sign for fortune-telling. Later, I stayed in Huai Prefecture for some time, when suddenly bandits started causing chaos, and the leader of the bandits wanted to capture me to be his national master. I was afraid, so I fled to Nanjing and changed my name to "Golden Scissors." Relying on this art of physiognomy, I traveled through mountains and rivers, seeking immortals everywhere, but mostly failed to find them. Later, I lived in Taihu Lake, where I saw a fortune-teller who had a sign reading "Master Baiyun of My Sect." His method of physiognomy could judge a person's fate at a glance, and in an instant, he vanished, leaving only his sign behind. I picked up this sign and realized that this method of physiognomy was actually the secret transmission of Master Xiyi, Chen Tuan. I took it back to the temple and kept it, vowing not to reveal it to others, and also warned my disciples not to treat this art lightly. The humble Cloud Valley Mountain Man remembers this. This illustrated edition of "The Iron Gate Blade of Divine Physiognomy" also includes illustrations.

髮屬心，心火上炎，故生髮於頭上也。眉屬肝，肝木性橫，故生眉也。毛屬脾，脾土旺四時，故生毛偏四支也。鼻毛屬肺，肺金主斂，故鼻毛獨生於鼻孔內也。鬚屬腎，腎水潤下，故生鬚而下垂；上在口，下在陰腋也。婦人有內腎，故陰戶兩腋皆有毛；無外腎，故口無鬚也。

Hair corresponds to the heart, and the heart belongs to fire. Fire has an upward nature, so hair grows at the top of the head, the highest part of the body. Eyebrows correspond to the liver, and the liver belongs to wood. Wood has a lateral nature, so eyebrows grow horizontally above the eyes. Body hair corresponds to the spleen, and the spleen belongs to earth. Earth is strong in each of the four seasons and is present everywhere, so body hair grows throughout the limbs. Nasal hair corresponds to the lungs, and the lungs belong to metal. Metal has a nature of gathering inward, so nasal hair grows only inside the nostrils. Beards correspond to the kidneys, and the kidneys belong to water. Water has a downward nature, so beards hang down: they grow above the mouth and below at the genital area and armpits. Women have only an internal kidney and no external kidney, so they have hair at the genital area and armpits, but not a beard above the mouth.

貪心一動則生涎，涎由肺生，心火上蒸於肺，故化而為涎也。淫心一動則生精，精由腎生，相火一鑠於腎，故溢而為精也。愧心一動則生汗，汗由心生，心火鬱蒸於脾，故發而為汗也。悲心一動則生淚，淚涕由肺生，肝木不平，故洩而為淚涕也。怯心一動則生溺，溺由脾生，脾土不能攝腎，故奔而為溺也。

When the thought of greed arises, saliva is produced in the mouth: saliva is generated by the lungs. The heart fire rises upward to the lungs, and the body fluids in the lungs are steamed and transformed into saliva, which flows out. When the thought of lust arises, semen is discharged: semen is produced by the kidneys. The "ephemeral fire" from the life gate scorches the kidneys, and the kidney essence is stimulated and overflows. When the thought of shame arises, one begins to sweat: sweat is controlled by the heart. The heart fire stagnates and rises to the spleen, and since the spleen governs the muscles, body fluids seep out through the skin and become sweat. When the thought of sorrow arises, tears flow: tears and nasal mucus are produced by the lungs, but the liver wood energy is disturbed and rises to affect the lungs' body fluids, causing them to flow as tears and mucus. When the thought of fear arises, one urgently needs to urinate: urination is governed by the spleen. When the spleen earth is weak and cannot control the kidney water, the kidney water rushes downward and becomes urine.

何為山林，在頭角之聳突處，從耳上高二寸許；骨高處號山，髮密號林，管乎風；本男左女右，祖業主之，有氣是為得風水也。丘陵、墳墓在山林下一寸許；邱陵冢墓取象墳穴，如建墓于山林之內，故不能高於山林位也；有氣亦為風水所鍾。

What is called "mountain and forest"? It refers to the area where the head is prominently elevated, specifically about two inches above the ears. The part where the bone is prominent is called "mountain," and the part where the hair is dense is called "forest." This area governs the gathering and dispersing of wind energy. The traditional practice is to examine the left side for men and the right side for women, as this position relates to ancestral property. If the color and luster of this area are bright and lively, it indicates that the person has received the beneficial influence of the ancestral tomb's风水 (feng shui). The positions of "hill and mound" and "grave and tomb" are located about one inch below the mountain and forest. The terms "hill and mound" and "grave and tomb" are derived from the image of a tomb. Just as a tomb is built within a mountain and forest, this position should not be higher than the mountain and forest. If this area has vitality, it is also a sign that the ancestral tomb's feng shui has been beneficial.

邊城者，邊地之城也；在額閣髮際之旁，於面稱邊地，於頭號邊城。精舍、光殿藏眼之眶是也；取其藏神謂之精舍，取其旺殺謂之光殿；眼深則左右如精舍，其藏神也；眼淺則左右如光殿，其殺旺也。彩霞、繁霞所以掩日月。日月最宜光明，惟霞亦助其耀眼；目最宜光明，惟眉亦助其秀，忌粗忌濁，不可如雲之掩日月也。故疏者宜有彩，左右均號彩霞、繁霞者亦不宜濃，務宜得霞之冶豔；左右亦號繁霞，非左彩霞而右繁霞也。

"The 'border city' refers to a city located on the border; it is situated beside the hairline on the forehead—the part on the face is called 'border land,' and the part that curves around to the head is called 'border city.' 'Jing she' and 'guang dian' both refer to the eye sockets, which are the areas that hold the eyes. They are called 'jing she' because they can contain the spirit's gaze, and 'guang dian' because they can display a commanding aura. A person with deep eye sockets has eye sockets like 'jing she,' capable of holding their spirit; a person with shallow eye sockets has eye sockets like 'guang dian,' where their fierce energy is visible. 'Cai xia' and 'fan xia' refer to the two eyebrows, as they resemble clouds and mist that cover the sun and moon—facial analysis compares the eyes to the sun and moon. The sun and moon require brightness, and clouds and mist can enhance their radiance; the eyes require brightness, and eyebrows can add grace. Eyebrows should not be coarse or dull, for they should not block the sun and moon like thick clouds. Therefore, eyebrows that are clear and open appear to have color. Both the left and right eyebrows can be called 'cai xia' or 'fan xia,' and neither should be too thick; they must have the bright and vivid quality of clouds and mist. It is not the case that the left eyebrow is exclusively called 'cai xia' and the right eyebrow 'fan xia.'"

凌雲、紫氣在眉端之聳突處，如氣欲凌雲，勢如紫氣星也。輔角在日月角旁，其形如角，輔乎日月，故號輔角。彼團一，所司代處。司空在額端，宜無紋，所司守之處宜空，無紋煞破，無根無纏。中正在額之最中最正之位。印堂，印堂在兩眉中，宜如印之方，不偏不倚，堂者宜取其廣闊平正也。天中在髮際頂中處，故號天中。天庭在額上毛髮處，謂之天庭。

"Liming" and "Zi qi" are prominent on the brow, their appearance resembling clouds reaching upward to the sky and the celestial Zi Qi star. "Fu jiao" is located beside the day and moon angles (the two raised bones on either side of the forehead), shaped like horns, serving to support the sun and moon, hence the name "Fu jiao." (The following sentence "Bi tuan yi, suo si dai chu" has errors and is unreadable.) "Sikong" is found in the upper central part of the forehead, which should be smooth and free of markings—since it guards an area that should be clear and unobstructed, it must not be marred by bad patterns or colors, nor should it be entangled with other markings. "Zhongzheng" is the most central and upright point on the forehead. "Yintang" is located between the two eyebrows, shaped like a seal, square and upright, neither leaning left nor right; it is called "tang" because it resembles a hall that is broad and level. "Tianzhong" is at the midpoint of the hairline on top of the head, hence the name "Tianzhong." "Tianting" is the part of the forehead near the hairline where hair grows, called "Tianting."

何知此人水中喪？地閣有廛鬚眉重，水法不清神昏暗，眉無黑子少年痛。何知此人火中喪？眉黃差促髮紅黃，眼有紅筋顴赤露，縱然不死火傾財。何知此人兵中亡？山根有破眼睛黃，兼更命陷羅計豎，顴破神昏髮又剛。何知火上大破家？金人帶火面紅短，鼻樑有暗或黑子，破鑼聲尖須加麻。

How do you know that a person will drown in water? The area below the chin, known as the "earth hall," is covered with a dark, dusty aura, which belongs to the Water element. The eyebrows and beard are thick and oppressive. The mouth and nose, which belong to the Water element, show unclear color and dull eyes. If there is a black mole on the forehead, the person will suffer from water-related misfortune in youth. How do you know that a person will die from fire? The eyebrows are dry and yellow, uneven and short; the hair is red and yellow. There are red threads in the eyes, and the cheekbones are red and exposed. This is a sign of strong fire energy. Even if the person is not burned to death, they will suffer financial loss due to fire. How do you know that a person will die by weapons? There are broken lines or damage on the mountain root, which is the base of the nose between the eyes. The eyes are yellow. Additionally, the命宫 (the area between the eyebrows) is low and sunken, and the left and right eyebrows, known as "Luohou" and "Jidu," are inverted like arrows. The cheekbones are damaged, the eyes are dull, and the hair is hard. This indicates death by weapons. How do you know that a person will suffer great loss due to fire? People with a Metal form should not have fire color, but if they have a red and short face, it is a sign of fire. There is a dark aura or black mole on the nose bridge. The voice is sharp and broken like a broken gong, and there are pimples on the face. These all indicate fire-related destruction of family fortune.

何知此人必受刑？紅筋纏睛山根青，顴尖眉豎性狼惡，纏筋頂了斷三停。何知此人入牢獄？眉低睛暗色昏濁，山根有斷暗色浸，定為人命遭身戮。何知此人招盜賊？髮眉無光眼無殺，金甲兩櫃有紋沖，暗黑鋪顴屢見嚇。何知此人多火災？面額昏亦如塵埃，準頭紅氣直侵壽，回碌於斯定必來。

How do you know that a person will surely suffer punishment? A red thread is wrapped around the eyes, and the area between the eyebrows is dark blue; the cheekbones are sharp and prominent, and the eyebrows are raised, showing a fierce and wolf-like nature; red veins run all the way up to the top of the head, cutting off the energy flow of the upper, middle, and lower sections of the face (from the hairline to the eyebrows is the upper section, from the eyebrows to the nose tip is the middle section, and from the philtrum to the chin is the lower section). How do you know that a person will be imprisoned? The eyebrows are low and heavy, the eyes are dull, and the overall complexion is murky; there are broken lines on the area between the eyebrows, which are darkened by dark colors—this is a sign of serious crimes and punishment by law. How do you know that a person will attract thieves? The hair and eyebrows lack luster, and there is no commanding energy in the eyes; there are markings on the sides of the nostrils, called the "Golden Armor" and "Two Cabinets" (which represent the wealth storage areas), which are broken through; dark clouds cover the cheekbones, and the person is often startled. How do you know that a person will suffer from frequent fires? The forehead is dark and dull, as if covered with dust; the red energy on the nose tip spreads all the way to the middle of the nose bridge—the fire calamity circles around and will surely come.

何知此人必溺水？唇白數莖青入口，面中通暗光殿青，河伯催促難回骨。何知此人溺水死？黑氣人口有廖子，波池紋現坎宮烏，唇寨掌上坎宮似。注：（軟宮即掌上之八卦坎位是，烏主水溺死。）

How do you know that this person will drown? His lips are pale, with a few strands of blue energy entering his mouth; his entire face is covered in dark energy, and his eye sockets (「light palace」) are blue—this is the appearance of the water deity summoning death, with the bones unable to return home. How can you determine that he indeed died by drowning? Black energy invades his mouth, with a black birthmark on the edge of his mouth; the 「wave pool」 below both cheeks shows markings, and the Kan palace on his palm (the area below the palm's root, belonging to the Water trigram in the Eight Trigrams) is dark; his lips are dry and shriveled, corresponding with the signs of failure in the Kan palace on his palm. Original note: The Kan palace refers to the Kan position in the Eight Trigrams on the palm, and darkness here indicates drowning in water.

何知此人招盜來？暗露神衰光殿暗，印堂間或現赤紅，定然官訟亦不禁。何知此人家早傾？額上多紋耳反生，縱有輔弼難培保，天倉沖破少年青。何知此人必破家？體細身輕行不正，片瓦不留定必然，天倉缺隱焉能刺。何知此人中年敗？兩額帶破唇露齦，眼深鼻削為門空，定是退財猶不僅。

How do you know that someone will attract thieves? The aura is hidden but weak, the spirit is declining, the eyes are dark and dull; occasionally a red color appears on the forehead—this not only leads to theft but also brings legal troubles. How do you know that a family's fortune has already declined? The forehead has chaotic markings, the ears are inverted; even if there are the "auxiliary bones" on both sides of the forehead, they cannot support the family; the Heavenly Granary, which represents ancestral fortune, is damaged by markings, and a green aura appears in youth. How do you know that someone will definitely lose everything? The body is thin and light, the walk is crooked and unsteady; when the family's wealth is completely lost, the Heavenly Granary is sunken and defective, and there is no way to sustain the family. How do you know that someone will decline in middle age? There are injuries on both sides of the forehead, the lips are inverted and reveal the gums; the eye sockets are deep, the nose bridge is thin, and the family is empty—this is not only losing money but also bringing other misfortunes.

何知早年子不受？額上紋通姦門陷，龍宮沖破地反天，人中平臃同為鑑。何知妻宮無子嗣？奸門露骨額多沖，若是顴高宜妾助，龍宮沖破亦相同。何知妻妾死非命？奸門低陷又交加，若是青筋多痛癢，生離死別定無差。何知此人服毒死？白氣入口唇黑是，懸樑眼眉有交紋，鬼昧必然怪部暗。

How can one know that this person will not have sons in his early years? The markings on his forehead extend all the way to his eye corners. The "Jianmen" area, which is between the eye corners and the hairline and relates to wife and concubines, is low and sunken; the "Longgong," located beneath the eye in the area of the tear sac and related to offspring, is broken by markings. His chin is higher than his forehead, creating an inverted appearance. The area between the eyebrows is flat, full, and swollen, which is also evidence of this. How can one know that the main wife will not have children? The Jianmen is thin and exposed, with many markings crossing over it. If the cheekbones are high and prominent, it is advisable for a concubine to assist in bearing children. If the Longgong is broken, the interpretation is the same as above. How can one know that the wife or concubine will die an untimely death? The Jianmen is low and sunken, and there are also crossing markings. If there are visible veins in that area and it is often painful or itchy, then separation or death is certain. How can one know that this person will die by poisoning? A white mist enters the mouth, and the lips turn black. The sign of hanging oneself is seen in crossing markings between the eyes and eyebrows. For someone with a ghostly and confused aura, certain strange areas on the face will appear dark.

何知此人多官非？眼內紅筋赤砂起，眉粗又壓三陽昧，牢獄身當家道止。何知官運多降滴？睛露步破而神衰，倘若神露更難復，定然倒跌也徐徐。何知此人少年死？額上多筋神不清，面色光浮天羅犯，無兒命短兩相併。何知小兒災難多？山根青黑命門烏，額角準頭青烏現，青黃人口死難逃。

How can one tell that a person is involved in legal troubles? There are red threads densely spread in the eyes, with spots resembling red sand; the eyebrows are thick and heavy, pressing down on the eyes, and the "Three Yang" area around the eyes and under the eyes is dim and lacks luster—this indicates a personal experience of imprisonment and the family's fortune will come to an end. How can one tell that a person has continuous official setbacks? The eyes are protruding, the steps are scattered, and the spirit is weak; if the eyes also show unrestrained outward gaze, it becomes even harder to recover, and the official rank will gradually decline step by step. How can one tell that a person dies young in his youth? The blue veins on the forehead are exposed, and the spirit is unclear; the face has a floating and hollow light, and it also has the "Heavenly Net Pattern" (a diagonal mark on the forehead); the absence of children and short life are combined together. How can one tell that a child has many misfortunes? The mountain root is dark blue, and the "Life Gate" in front of the ears is dark; the corners of the forehead and the nose show dark blue color; if the green and yellow energies invade the mouth area, it is hard to escape death.

何知小兒養不成？耳無氣到較廓反，頭上多筋陰勝陽，陽勝亦然難定難。何知小兒必難養？頭大頸小囪門陷，脫凸枕骨山根無，聲斷短促災妖鑑。何知少年克父母？髮低耳反筋在額，唇及鼻眷霜相同，髮尖沖印天庭黑。何知中年大破劫？眼突水光財命逼，縱然逃得有幾人，幸而肉色不淡白。

How can one know that a child will not grow up? The ears lack vitality, and the earlobe and outer part of the ear are inverted; the veins on the head are fully visible, indicating excessive yin and insufficient yang. Conversely, if yang is excessive and yin is insufficient, it is equally difficult to raise the child, and it is hard to determine for sure. How can one know for certain that a child will be difficult to raise? The head is large while the neck is thin, and the soft spot on the head (the fontanelle) is sunken; the occipital bone at the back of the head is either protruding abnormally or entirely absent, and the mountain root (the area between the eyebrows) is collapsed and not visible; the crying is intermittent and short. These are all signs of calamity and early death. How can one know that a youth will be harmful to his parents? The hairline is low, the earlobe is inverted, and the veins on the forehead are prominent; the lips and nose have a pale, frost-like color; the hair tips point directly toward the forehead, and the area above the eyebrows is dark. How can one know that a person will face a great disaster and financial loss in middle age? The eyes are prominent, and there is a watery gleam in the eyes, indicating that both wealth and life are under pressure; even those who escape one disaster are few, but fortunately, the muscles and complexion are not pale (there is still a chance of survival).

何知此人相刑剋？形似豬肝色不華，身粗面絕孤貧苦，眼下無肉子妻妨。何知老來反困滯？須連鬢髮不分清，上須不唇同困蔽，鼻小孤寒死不寧。何知至死無兒孫？三陽黑枯骨又粗。目撮如囊人中腫，必然克盡乃身逃。何知婦人臨盆死？顴紅似火神如醉，所黑髮枯死必然，掌上烏鴉宿不取。

How do you know that a person will experience hardships throughout their life? Their face is dull and lacks luster, like pig liver; their body is coarse and clumsy, their face expressionless and cold, indicating loneliness and poverty. The flesh under the eyes is thin and sunken, which harms both wife and children. How do you know that a person becomes more troubled as they grow old? Their beard and hair blend together, making it hard to distinguish the boundaries; the upper lip's beard covers the mouth, trapping it; the nose is small, indicating isolation and hardship, and even death brings no peace. How do you know that a person dies without any descendants? The "Three Yang" area (the region around the eyes related to children) is dark and dry, and the bones are thick; the eyes are wrinkled like bags, and the philtrum is swollen—this indicates that the person will exhaust all their descendants, leaving only themselves to escape. How do you know that a woman will die during childbirth? Her cheekbones are red like fire, and her expression is as if she is drunk; her face is dark, her hair is dry and withered, and death is certain; black spots resembling crows appear on her palms, which is an ominous sign.

何知婦人為難亡？眼小眼圓神露急，唇搴眼自網羅鋪，震中暗黑掌中執。何如婦孕死在腹？唇黑睛定面籃酷，眉鎖山根命門烏，嘆聲不絕入地獄。何知婦人多剋夫？超唇顴露骨又粗，額突睛深鼻又折，唇厚採偏髮健毛。何知婦人無子嗣？龍宮沖破三陽陷，人中平臃唇白色，腰折頭傾聲破鑑。

How do you know a woman died from childbirth complications? Her eyes are small and round, with a sharp and restless gaze; her lips are lifted, and there are web-like fine lines beneath her eyes; the Zhen trigram area on her palm (near the base of the thumb) is dark, indicating a凶兆 (dangerous omen) held in her own hands. How do you know a pregnant woman died along with her fetus? Her lips are black, her eyes are straight and fixed, and her face is bluish and grim; her eyebrows are tightly furrowed, and the area between her eyebrows and the life gate are dark; she constantly sighs, indicating a sign of entering hell. How do you know a woman is likely to kill her husband? Her lips are lifted, her cheekbones are prominent and coarse; her forehead is protruding, her eye sockets are deep, and her nose bridge is broken; her lips are thick but her gaze is slanted, and her hair is coarse and hard like animal fur. How do you know a woman will not have children? The Dragon Palace (the area beneath the eyes representing children) is broken, the three yang areas are low and sunken; the philtrum is flat, swollen, and full, and her lips are pale; her waist is bent, her head and neck are tilted, and her voice is hoarse—these are all signs.

何知婦人中喪偶？瘦身高長風擺柳，兩額微超額窄兼，縱是樂前必嗟後。何知婦人反劫財？兩眼低垂散尾多，兩額不起懸壁反，人中無鬚奔怨何。何知禍從天上來？印堂沖破紋多多，不但已憂猶未了，更有人憂照而過。何知此人蛇虎傷？山林內裡黑暗深，淚堂紋破陰騭地，改過心腸免禍侵。

How to know if a woman will lose her husband in middle age? Her body is thin and tall, and when she walks, she sways like willow branches in the wind; her cheeks are slightly raised, and her forehead is narrow—though she may have been happy in her earlier years, she will certainly lament in her later years. How to know if a woman will instead bring misfortune to her husband's family? Her eyes are low and her eye corners have scattered lines; her cheeks are not raised, but the area near her ears on both sides, called "hanging wall," is instead stretched out; the area on her midface, which is supposed to show vitality for women, is dull and lifeless—she will be busy and complain, but there is nothing she can do about it. How to know if misfortune will come from heaven? The area between her eyebrows is broken by markings, and the markings are numerous and chaotic; not only will she have her own troubles unresolved, but she will also be dragged into others' troubles. How to know if this person will be injured by snakes or tigers? The area on the top of the head, called "mountain forest," is dark and deep; the area below the eyes, called "tear hall," has broken markings, which is the area associated with Yin Virtue—so long as she repents and intends to do good, this misfortune can be avoided.

何知死後無吉地？法令直冷丑位是，地閣不朝頤又尖，邊地不分無所冀。何知此人妻奪權？雙眉壓目頤侵顴，妾繁妻位左奸黑，在邊眉豎認其端。何知此人多招凶？此因眉豎眼睛紅，倘或顴暗神昏濁，定然橫禍直頭沖。何知此人父母病？日月角上必黑暗，倘然有服觀印堂，白色凝凝達滿面。

How can one know that a person will not receive a good burial ground after death? The法令 (the two lines running downward from the sides of the nose) are stiff and hard, with an ugly shape; the chin does not curve upward to embrace the face, and the two cheeks are sharp and narrow; the area at the sides of the forehead (the outer sides of the temples) are unclear in boundary—none of these can be expected to have a favorable burial site. How can one know that a person's authority is taken by his wife? The eyebrows cover the eyes, and the cheeks encroach upon the cheekbones; if the left奸门 (a specific area on the face) is dark, it indicates that the concubine has displaced the wife; further, if the eyebrows stand upright on the sides, one can determine the signs. How can one know that a person will suffer many misfortunes? It is because the eyebrows are inverted and the eyes are bloodshot; if additionally the cheekbones are dull and the spirit is turbid, calamity is certain to come. How can one know that a person's parents are ill? The日角 (the left bone on the forehead, representing the father) and月角 (the right bone on the forehead, representing the mother) must be dark; if one wishes to determine whether there has already been a period of mourning, one should look at the印堂 (the area between the eyebrows). If it is white and spreads across the entire face, it is a sign of mourning.

何知此人克兒孫？龍宮黑暗如煤煙，臣蠶黑透到奸門，兒女當知有命運。何知此人克兄弟？兩眉高堅眉毛箭，縱然不克亦參商，連眉更有難自免。何知此人必妓作？身粗面細多輕挑，擺柳身材微溼光，笑口頻頻似賣俏。何知虛花兼無壽？皆因腰眷陷如槽，鼻斷神寒身又黎，有如生相定難逃。

How do you know that a person will harm their descendants? The dragon palace (the area around the eyes) is dark like coal smoke; the black qi in the卧蚕 (the area under the lower eyelid) extends all the way to the奸门 (the area near the temples), and from here one can know the fate of the children's survival. How do you know that a person will harm their brothers? The eyebrows are high, stiff, and sharp like arrows; even if they do not kill them, the brothers will be like the star Canopus and the star Antares, appearing one after the other but never meeting; if the eyebrows are continuously connected, they are even more likely to suffer this fate. How do you know that a woman is destined to become a prostitute? Her body is thick but her face is thin, her behavior is flirtatious; her body sways like willow branches, her skin has a slight oily sheen; she smiles frequently and speaks often, as if showing off her beauty. How do you know that a person will have no descendants and a short life? It is because the waist and back are sunken like a groove; the nose bridge is broken, the spirit is weak and cold, and the body color is dark and dull—born with such a face, it is unavoidable.

何知兩載便亡身？天柱倒時黑又光，行如兩步來侵我，唇如隔水侵生羌。何知此人定分妻？奸門有紋如叉樣，或有紋似十字形，此是生離妻妾相。何知此人死非命？唇搴眼白心窩毛，眼下網羅掌中骨，井有繩紋自縊徒。何知此人遭雷擊？掌上雷宮便端的，震位烏鵲及青筋，古顴雲暗定為則。幹祈勿褻。

How can one know that a person will die within two years? The neck, or "Heavenly Pillar," is bent or tilted; there is a blackish color on the neck that shines; when walking, the person sways left and right as if something were hitting them from the front; the lips appear bluish and stiff, as if seen through water. How can one know that a person will certainly separate from their wife? There are crossed patterns resembling the character "乂" on the "dish" area of the face, or patterns resembling a cross; these are signs of separation from wife or concubine. How can one know that a person will die an untimely death? The lips are raised, the whites of the eyes are prominent; there is hair growing in the heart area; there are network-like fine lines beneath the eyes; the bones of the palm are prominent; and there is a rope-like pattern on the "well" line of the palm, which indicates a person who will commit suicide by hanging. How can one know that a person will be struck by lightning? The "Thunder Palace" on the palm is the most accurate indication; if the "Zhen" position (under the root of the thumb) shows a black spot resembling a crow and prominent veins, and if there is a dark area on the cheekbone resembling a cloud, then the conclusion can be made. All these methods should only be used with sincerity and reverence, and must not be treated lightly or with disrespect.

氣與色不同，色屬虛，氣屬實；氣從骨來，色從肉現；有色無氣不發，有氣無色終榮。天地人三才，自額至眉為天，自眉至準自為人，自人中至地閣為地；此氣之所以為天、地、人三才者也。得天之氣旺，則風水必發，祖德必厚，夙根必深；氣從山林、冢墓、邱陵、邊城諸位認取。山林管舊風水，邱陵冢墓管新風水，邊城輔迅管祖德；天中、王庭、枕骨管夙根；此上停所管三事也。

"Qi" and "Se" are not the same thing: "Se" is on the surface and belongs to the superficial; "Qi" arises from within and is substantial. "Qi" originates from the bones, while "Se" appears on the muscles. A person with only "Se" but no "Qi" will never achieve success; a person with "Qi" but temporarily no "Se" will eventually achieve honor. Facial analysis divides the face into three parts: "Tian" (heaven), "Ren" (human), and "Di" (earth). From the hairline to the eyebrows is "Tian" (upper part), from the eyebrows to the nose is "Ren" (middle part), and from the philtrum to the chin is "Di" (lower part) — this is the reason for the division of "Qi" into the three parts. A person who has strong "Tian" Qi will certainly have a prosperous ancestral tomb site, deep ancestral Yin Virtue, and solid past roots; this kind of Qi can be recognized from the areas of mountains and forests, tombs, hills, and border towns. Among these, mountains and forests indicate old fengshui, tombs and hills indicate new fengshui, and border towns and auxiliary angles indicate ancestral Yin Virtue; the areas of the forehead, the middle of the forehead, and the occipital bone indicate past roots — these are the three things governed by the upper part.

新舊風水以山三代上下語之：得人之氣旺，則家運必昌，心田必吉，事業必隆；從龍宮。兩顴、兩眼。準頭諸位細辨。龍宮管運，心田、子嗣、財帛；兩顴管權位、事業；準頭管心田，龍宮則陰騭堂，即精舍光殿位。眼為光明學堂，家運當發；心田好，陰騭催，必然此位骨肉平圓，神氣清爽，無此渣滓；暗滯色在兩顴位，兩鬢屬不爽也。

The concept of new and old feng shui refers to the distinction between burial sites from before the Three Dynasties and those within the Three Dynasties. Those who receive strong vital energy will certainly have prosperous family fortunes, good intentions, and flourishing careers. This should be carefully examined in areas such as the dragon palace (current eye), the two cheeks, the two eyes, and the nose. The dragon palace governs fate, and also oversees intentions, descendants, and wealth; the two cheeks govern authority and career; the nose governs intentions. The dragon palace is also called the "Yin De Hall," which refers to the area around the eye sockets where the spirit hall and bright hall are located. The eyes are called the "Bright Academy"; clear eyes indicate that family fortune is about to flourish. Those with good intentions and abundant Yin De will certainly have smooth and round facial features in this area, with a clear and bright spirit, and no trace of turbid energy. Conversely, if the two cheeks show dark and stagnant colors, and the hair on both sides lacks brightness, it indicates that both the person's character and family fortune are not clear.

得地之氣旺，則後嗣必隆，死獲吉地，壽登仙島。從地閣、地庫、水星、鬚髯、諸位參詳；有地厚者，子得力；邊地闊者，死得吉地；鬚清而結，眼有碧光為仙佛；否則難以斷福澤。

Those who possess strong vitality from the earth's energy will have prosperous descendants, and after death they can find a good burial ground. Those who live long may even attain immortality. This should be observed from the following features: the lower part of the face (chin), the sides of the chin (cheeks), the water star (mouth), and the beard. A thick and full lower part of the face indicates strong sons. Wide cheeks suggest a good burial ground after death. A clear and well-ordered beard with bright eyes showing a greenish glow indicates a heavenly or Buddhist-like appearance. If these features are not present, it is difficult to determine the extent of one's fortune.

氣從骨上起，如游龍，如飛鴻；近看無，遠看有，不可捉摸；似動似伏，此乃旺氣之正宗也；氣皆非多混在色而字，內看皆實，不肯洩氣之指歸也；故人無氣有色，永發不休，氣聚上停，少運必發；少運自眉而上是也，十五到三十四是。氣聚中停，中運必昌；中運自眼至準，三十五至五十是也，氣聚下停，晚境乃達，自五十至七十五皆是也，時人能認得氣宇看出，則對面知人之榮通，早斷人之禍福也，豈不秘哉。

The vital energy comes from the bones, moving like a dragon and flying like a wild goose; it is hard to see when you look closely, but visible when you stand far away, and it is unpredictable; it seems to move but does not actually move, seems to lie still but is not really still—this is the true form of strong vital energy. Vital energy is mostly mixed with color and difficult to distinguish, but when viewed from within, it is solid everywhere. This is the key to preventing the loss of vital energy. Therefore, if a person has only color but no vital energy, their fortune will not last long. Vital energy gathered in the upper part indicates success in youth—the upper part refers to above the eyebrows, covering the age from fifteen to thirty-four. Vital energy gathered in the middle part indicates prosperity in middle age—the middle part refers to from the eyes to the nose, covering the age from thirty-five to fifty. Vital energy gathered in the lower part indicates success in old age—covering the age from fifty to seventy-five. If people today can recognize and see this kind of vital energy, they can immediately know the fortune and obstacles of others, and predict their good or bad fortune in advance. Is this not a very secret skill?

耳有氣，輪廓成星辰聳，耳白有珠，窮寬耳厚、耳硬；反此無氣。頭有氣，頂豐圓骨不孤露，有輔粥，有枕骨，顴高無紋無筋端正；無氣反此。面有氣，顴起肉豐鼻端隆，光潤鮮明，無紋、無筋、無黑子；骨肉停勻，無暗滯色，無氣反此。有氣神光如電，黑白明亮能久視又不浮不陷，睛大而黑如漆。

The ears have vitality when the earlobe and ear shape are distinct and well-defined, the ears are high and prominent like stars, the ear color is white and clean, there are hanging lobes below the ears, the ear entrance is wide, and the ear flesh is thick and firm with hard bone structure; the opposite is when there is no vitality. The head has vitality when the top of the head is full and round, the bones are not isolated or exposed, there are supporting bones that are close together, there is a prominent occipital bone at the back of the head, the cheekbones are high and upright without wrinkles or tendons; the opposite is when there is no vitality. The face has vitality when the cheekbones are prominent and covered with flesh, the nose is upright and thick, the skin is bright and smooth, there are no evil markings, no blue veins, and no black moles; the bones and flesh are in harmony, and there is no dull or dark color; the opposite is when there is no vitality. The eyes have vitality when the eyes are bright like lightning, the black and white parts are distinct, they can look steadily without scattering, the eyeball is neither protruding nor sunken, and the pupil is large and black like a point of lacquer.

眼眶尖長而秀，有神而不凶，藏神而不昧，氣無反此。額有氣無紋、無陷如覆肝，如壁立，有輔弼；氣無反此。鼻有氣，上貫天庭，山根豐滿，年壽有肉，光澤無疵，準頭豐滿。諫臺廷尉有勢有肉，夾準有力不露，鼻眷不曲不偏，併為有欄不仰孔；不大硬，不大軟，山根不纖小低塌，無紋、無纏、豐隆端大，長聳有勢，無氣反此。口有氣，不露齒，不落當門齒；口角仰，唇如珠，而厚多紋；不少不薄，不反、不撮、不黑，無氣反此。

The eyes should be sharp and long, refined and elegant, with a bright and spirited look without any fierce or凶气. The eyes should have spirit but not be dull or obscured. If there is no spirit, it is the opposite. The forehead with spirit appears without evil lines or depressions, shaped like an inverted pig's liver or like a vertical wall, with auxiliary bones on both sides supporting it. If there is no spirit, it is the opposite. The nose with spirit has its breath reaching up to the forehead, the mountain root is full and strong, the year and longevity (the middle part of the nose bridge) has flesh, it is bright and free of blemishes, and the tip of the nose is thick and full. On both sides, the 'advisory platform' and 'court official' (the left and right nostrils) have strength and flesh, surrounding and supporting the tip of the nose strongly, not appearing thin or exposed. The nose bridge is neither bent nor crooked, the nostrils are covered and not upturned. The nose is neither too hard nor too soft. The mountain root is neither narrow nor low, without lines or tangled patterns, full and thick, tall and prominent with strength. If there is no spirit, it is the opposite. The mouth with spirit does not show teeth, the front teeth are not missing; the corners of the mouth are lifted, the lips are round, full, and plump like pearls, thick with many lip lines; the lip shape is neither small nor thin, not hanging out, not pinched, not black; if there is no spirit, it is the opposite.

顴有氣，骨肉調勻，高圓起於正面，夾拱鼻中，無闇昧色，龍宮豐滿；無氣反此。地閣有氣，則地閣朝元，骨肉調勻，地庫豐滿，波池鵝鴨不陷，鬚不困口，鬚不鎖喉；無氣反此。身有氣，頭正身端，膊平背厚，腰圓胸闊，臍深臍仰，腹垂有托，手不搖，雖不跛，頭圓而正，乳紅、堂白多珠點，不露筋骨，不偏倚，春平不生槽，有腎，行動不浮，聲洪有力；反此一件，則一件無氣。

The appearance of qi in the cheekbones is characterized by the bones and flesh being evenly proportioned, appearing high and round when viewed from the front, with the cheeks flanking the nose, without a dull or dark color, and the area beneath the eyes (dragon palace) being full. If there is no qi, it is the opposite of this. The appearance of qi in the chin is when the chin curves upward and corresponds with the forehead, with the bones and flesh evenly proportioned, the two sides of the chin (earth warehouse) full, the wave pools and the two positions of ge ya (cheek areas) below the cheeks not sunken, the beard not enclosing the mouth or constricting the throat; if there is no qi, it is the opposite. The appearance of qi in the body is when the head is upright and the body straight, the shoulders level, the back thick, the waist round, the chest broad, the navel deep and upward, the lower abdomen hanging down with a firm base; the hands do not move erratically, the feet do not limp; the head is round and upright; the nipples are red, the chest is clean and white with many small dots; there is no exposure of bones or tendons, no leaning to one side; the back is flat and solid without any hollows; the kidney qi is abundant; movement is steady and not light or frivolous; the voice is loud and strong. If any of these features are missing, then there is no qi in that particular aspect.

人以神為主，有神則發，無神則衰；神足則富貴福壽，神衰則夭折貧寒。神從何處得，不徒眼中認，取合一身動作，周旋飲食起居，進退、言語、視聽、聲息中求之也。譬如坐則腰折是無神，坐如山峙是有神，立則足破是無神，立如石蹲是有神；語則繼續悲咽是無神，語如洪鐘宮商各葉是有神；默則眉鎖容愁是無神，聽則如聾令蠢是無神，視則昏昧不明，動則頭傾身軟，言不響亮；威不發揚，食則過緩過速，飲則如流如難，不睡而鼻有聲息，不語而日常呼吸，足搖手擺，睡仰行俯，此皆神不足之謂也。

A person's "spirit" is the fundamental aspect: having spirit brings prosperity, while lacking it leads to decline. Those with abundant spirit become wealthy and live long, while those with diminished spirit suffer early death and poverty. Where should one look for spirit? It cannot be judged solely by the eyes, but must be considered in conjunction with the whole body's movements, observed in one's manner of dealing with others, eating and sleeping, advancing and retreating, speaking, listening, and breathing. For example, when sitting, if one's back is hunched and the body is bent, it shows a lack of spirit; if one sits like a mountain, steady and firm, it shows the presence of spirit. When standing, if one's feet are unstable and one cannot stand firm, it shows a lack of spirit; if one stands like a stone, motionless and unmoving, it shows the presence of spirit. If one speaks in a broken, hesitant manner, with a tone of sorrow and lamentation, it shows a lack of spirit; if one speaks like a great bell, with a voice that is clear and in harmony with the pitch, it shows the presence of spirit. If one is silent and has furrowed brows and a gloomy expression, it shows a lack of spirit; if one listens to others as if deaf and dull, it shows a lack of spirit. Other signs of insufficient spirit include dim and unclear eyes; when moving, the head tilts and the body becomes weak; speaking in a quiet and feeble voice; lacking dignity and composure; eating too slowly or too quickly; drinking water either in a torrent or with difficulty; snoring while asleep; breathing heavily even when silent; constantly moving the feet or shaking the hands; sleeping on one's back or walking with the head bowed and the body bent—these are all signs of insufficient spirit.

至於眼中之神，易以揣測，有力於視者，謂之神旺；無力於視者，謂之衰；視如人畏者，謂之神足，視令人慢者，謂之神歉；此更易於認也。眼若無神，如醉如痴，如昏如迷，昧此必夭折貧寒者矣。

As for the spirit reflected in the eyes, it is relatively easy to discern: when someone looks at another with strong and firm eyes, it is called "spirit vigorous"; when someone looks with weak and feeble eyes, it is called "spirit declining." If a person's gaze causes fear, it is called "spirit sufficient"; if a person's gaze instead inspires contempt, it is called "spirit deficient." These distinctions are much easier to recognize. If the eyes show no spirit at all, appearing drunk,痴, dazed, or confused, those who do not understand this will suffer: people with such eyes are destined to be short-lived and poor.

頭有三要：一要在山林位起，起則有風水所催；二要在邊城位起，起則有積德所催；三要在壺中骨起，起則有夙根；而生尖，此非夭則賤。頭為諸陽之首，其位尊而配天；宜圓宜豐，宜健宜正；如其豐圓健正，未有不富貴福壽者。何為圓，如珠之圓則謂圓；何為豐，骨肉定勻則謂豐；何為健正，不傾不敬請之健正：頭能得此，斷未有夭折貧寒者矣。

Looking at the head has three key points: first, the mountain and forest position should be prominent, as prominence indicates the influence of ancestral graves; second, the border city position should be prominent, as prominence indicates the influence of ancestral virtue; third, the bone at the top of the head should be prominent, as prominence indicates a solid foundation from past lives. If these areas are not prominent but instead sharp and pointed, it indicates either a short life or a low social status. The head is the leader of all yang qi in the body, holding the highest position. In the correspondence between heaven and humanity, it corresponds to heaven. Therefore, it should be round, full, solid, and upright. If the head is full, round, strong, and upright, one will certainly be wealthy and long-lived. What is round? It means round like a pearl. What is full? It means the bones and flesh are in harmonious proportion. What is strong and upright? It means neither crooked nor slanted. If the head possesses these qualities, there will certainly be no early death or poverty.

蓋貧者頭無天倉、天城；賤者頭無左輔、右弼；夭者頭無主骨、星辰。頭骨暴露，刑剋早而操勞先；頭骨缺陷，疾病防而夭折；懼山林不起，祖業縱有必傾；天庭不揚，功名縱有亦滯；三尖六削，是為破耗身家；肉緊皮崩，定必運迍；命短貧賤之相，那兒圓滿；頭顱孤寡之形，莫非離奇骨格；況及尖頭財主，世所罕聞；凹腦壽翁，人所未見也。

Generally, the poor people do not have the protrusions of Heavenly Granary and Heavenly City on their heads; the lowly people lack the Left Assistant and Right Assistant bones on their heads; those with short lifespans do not have the main bone and the star bone. If the skull is dry and exposed, they will suffer from punishments and hardships early in life, and their whole life will be filled with toil. If there are defects in the skull, they should beware of diseases, even possibly dying young. Most dangerous is when the mountain and forest position is not prominent, meaning that even if there is ancestral fortune, it will surely collapse. If the heavenly palace is not broad and elevated, then even if there are achievements, they will be blocked. If the head has three sharp points and six sharp edges, it is the appearance of someone who will ruin their family's fortune. If the muscles are tight and the skin is dry and withered, their fate will be difficult. All appearances of short lifespan and poverty are never complete; all heads of lonely and isolated people have strange and unusual bone structures. Moreover, there are few rich people with sharp heads, and no one has ever seen an old man with a sunken brain.

至頭為風水所鍾，得風水則頭角崢嶸，陰陽得配；失風水則頭顱尖削，陰陽反和，頭大面小，是則始逸終勞，頭小面大，是為終亨始困；邊城起為祖德所司；山林起為風水所發；邱陵、冢墓、分左男右女之司；日月、輔角分左嚴右慈之別；髮宜疏而蔽額，乃蓋夫親，且直高而不直下垂，早邀祿秩；偏頭多從庶出，豐頂宜主嫡生；南人更宜頭額，看北人當向地客，其大略推斷無差。

The head is the area where the spiritual energy of the ancestral tomb gathers. If one receives the power of good风水, the head will be high and prominent, with proper balance between yin and yang (bones being yang and flesh being yin). If one lacks this power, the head will be sharp and narrow, indicating an imbalance between yin and yang. A person with a large head and small face will enjoy ease in the first half of their life but will be hardworking in the latter half. Conversely, someone with a small head and large face will face difficulties in the early part of their life but will have prosperity later on. A prominent forehead suggests ancestral Yin Virtue, while a raised hill-like area indicates good ancestral tomb风水. The hills and tombs on either side represent the left and right, with the left corresponding to sons and the right to daughters. The areas of the forehead resembling the sun and moon, along with the auxiliary areas, also divide into left and right, with the left representing a strict father and the right a kind mother. Hair should be loose and not cover the forehead, as covering it would block the father's energy. The hairline should be even and high, not hanging down, which can lead to early official success. A head that is tilted suggests a person from a secondary branch, while a full and round head indicates someone from the main line. When observing people from the south, emphasis should be placed on the forehead, while for those from the north, attention should be given to the lower part of the face, specifically the area below the nose. Following this general guideline for judgment will not lead to significant errors.

髮粗主刑，髮厚主愚，髮禿主愚懶，髮黃主貧，髮健主刑，髮白於少年主短命，髮腳生鑽主刑剋，髮腳偏主刑剋，髮理不順，主兇暴賽滯。髮者，血之餘也；而人生之富貴、吉凶、禍福、貧賤均可知矣。髮宜軟，宜幼，宜疏，宜香，得此則為富貴福壽；忌硬，忌粗，忌長，長過身也，忌穢；得此則為貧寒夭折。

Thick and coarse hair indicates suffering from punishments and conflicts. Excessively thick hair suggests dullness. Baldness indicates both dullness and laziness. Yellow hair signifies poverty. Strong and stiff hair indicates punishments and conflicts. White hair appearing in youth indicates a short life. Hair with backward-growing hairs at the ends indicates punishments and conflicts. Hair that is uneven or crooked at the ends also indicates punishments and conflicts. Hair with uneven texture suggests a fierce and violent nature and an obstructed destiny. Hair is the manifestation of the residual energy of blood, so a person's wealth, fortune, misfortune, and social status can be seen from their hair. Hair should be soft, fine, light, and have a pleasant fragrance; possessing these qualities indicates wealth, happiness, and longevity. Hair should avoid being stiff, coarse, too long (reaching below the waist), or dirty; if these are present, it indicates poverty and a short life.

婦人髮長過身，貧賤而不善終；男人髮長過身，貧賤而不安逸；髮粗而硬，男女多刑剋之相；髮軟如絲，夫妻恩愛；髮黃多貧賤，女亦貪淫；髮焦者，多貧寒，老猶困屯；孩提髮密，性多頑，男女髮低，運多蹇；髮腳巖巉，早年服色；髮腳生鑽，少過悲傷，刑父母也；髮拳難理，愚魯之夫；髮禿而濃，蹇運之人；髮多血旺，性貧淫；眉濃亦似髮，捲髮亂，運必賽，髮密亦然；魯莽性暴，皆須飛逢；刑剋命剛，無非鬢髮乾燥；髮幼而疏，求謀必利；軌濃且密，訟獄宜防，官非纏繞；

A woman whose hair is longer than her body is poor and will not have a good end; a man whose hair is longer than his body is poor and will not have a peaceful life. Thick and coarse hair, regardless of gender, often indicates a person who will suffer from conflicts and hardships; soft and silky hair indicates a harmonious marriage. Yellow hair usually signifies poverty, and for women, it also suggests a tendency towards promiscuity. Dry and withered hair usually indicates poverty and hardship, and they will remain inpredicament even in old age. Children with very dense hair tend to be mischievous; those with low hairlines, regardless of gender, often face difficult fortunes. Hair that is uneven and messy like scattered stones indicates early mourning for relatives; hair that grows in the opposite direction and is inverted indicates sorrow in youth and possible harm to parents. Hair that is curly and difficult to comb indicates a dull and rude person; hair that is already bald but still thick indicates a person with difficult fortune. Those with abundant hair have strong vitality and are likely to be greedy and promiscuous; thick eyebrows are similar to thick hair in meaning. Curly and disheveled hair indicates blocked fortune, and overly dense hair is also similar. Those who are impulsive and easily angered often have their hair flying and standing up; those who suffer from heavy conflicts and have a strong and hard nature often have dry and withered hair at the temples. Thin and sparse hair indicates smooth endeavors; thick and dense hair at the temples warns of lawsuits and troubles from words.

髮中赤理，不主兵戈，定遭喉疹；赤理主兵戈死，倘相不犯凶者，主喉疹斑症而亡；髮上通，早不防，命短則慮財空；髮落太早，一妨壽短，二主退財運蹇也；髮鬚密而粗硬異常，兼以眉濃，不忠孝；髮鬢退而參差濃厚，兼以眼惡，少仁慈；髮際高弓，運不蹇滯；髮際低弓，運多困屯；少年髮白，刑剋多防老年；髮烏古稀可卜；額窄髮厚，服色身災；頭水髮長，刑沖夭折；髮捲刑傷多見，髮亂散走他鄉；此相髮之大概，而吉凶自可見也。

If there is a red thread in the hair, it does not necessarily mean death by weapons, but it will certainly bring about a calamity of throat disease. The red thread usually indicates death by weapons; if other parts do not show ominous signs, it will lead to sudden illnesses such as throat inflammation or rashes. If the hair is continuously sharp, there is no need to worry much in early years, but one should fear a short life and loss of wealth. If the hair falls out too early, it will first shorten the lifespan, and secondly, it will lead to loss of wealth and difficulties in fortune. If the hair is very dense and unusually coarse, and the eyebrows are thick, such a person is unfaithful and disrespectful. If the hair at the temples recedes and is unevenly thick, and the eyes are fierce, such a person is unlikely to be kind. If the hairline is high and curved, the person's fortune will not be obstructed; if the hairline is low and curved, the person's fortune will be full of difficulties. If one's hair turns white in youth, one should be cautious of punishments and conflicts, and even more so in old age; if one's hair remains black until old age, it indicates a long life over seventy years. If the forehead is narrow but the hair is thick, it indicates wearing mourning clothes and suffering from bodily calamities; if the head shape is like water and the hair is too long, it indicates death due to punishment and conflict. Curly hair often indicates injuries, while disordered hair suggests leaving home. The above are the main points of judging the hair, and the fortune can be clearly seen.

自髮際至眉為上停，自眉至準為中停，自人中至地閣為下停，此面之三停也；自頭至臍為上停，自臍至膝為中停，自膝至足為下停，此身之三停。面統耳、日、口、鼻、眉為五官，又統額、顴、鼻、額為五嶽；五官固宜相配，五嶽猶貴豐隆。頭尖面小為一殺，顴高鼻小為二殺，面大眼小為三殺，面大口小為四殺，面無城廓為五殺，面光如油為六殺，而如傅粉為七殺，面如鐵鑄為八殺；刑沖破害所宣，防天災橫禍所不免也。

From the hairline to the eyebrows is called "Shang Ting," from the eyebrows to the nose tip is called "Zhong Ting," and from the philtrum to the chin is called "Xia Ting," making three parts of the face. From the top of the head to the navel is called "Shang Ting," from the navel to the knees is called "Zhong Ting," and from the knees to the soles of the feet is called "Xia Ting," making three parts of the body. The face governs the ears, eyes, mouth, nose, and eyebrows, known as the "Five Organs," and also governs the forehead, both cheekbones, nose, and chin, known as the "Five Mountains." The Five Organs must be well-matched, but the Five Mountains must be full and prominent. A sharp head with a small face is the first fatal flaw, high cheekbones with a small nose is the second, a large face with small eyes is the third, a large face with a small mouth is the fourth, a face without clear contours (the boundaries of bone and flesh) is the fifth, an oily face is the sixth, a pale face like powdered is the seventh, and a bluish-black face like cast iron is the eighth. These eight are manifestations of the calamities of刑, 冲, 破, and 害, indicating inevitable misfortunes and natural disasters, which must be guarded against.

至如上失刑剋面，中尖倉庫空，中狹無顴棲，中橫火性；因四字多福，日人多貴，顱面人多勞，兔面人多孤；上停豐滿福祿天來；中停隆盛富貴自享；地閣朝元晚福大；金木垂珠晚福豐；他如如腮骨不起，貧乏之流；腮骨大起，豪吞之輩；耳如張扇，耗家初年；耳若貼肉，守成立志；面粗身細，安樂一身，面細身粗，貧寒到老。

As for the upper part of the face being deficient, it indicates a severe punishment from heaven; if the middle part is sharp and narrow, it suggests emptiness in the two sides of the warehouse; if the middle part is narrow, the cheekbones have no place to rest; if the middle part is wide and horizontal, the person's nature is fiery. A face shaped like the character 「因」 or 「四」, which is square, indicates much fortune; a face shaped like 「日」, which is long and rectangular, indicates much prestige. A large head with a long face indicates much toil; a face like a rabbit indicates much loneliness. If the upper part of the face is full, fortune and rank will come from heaven; if the middle part is prominent, wealth and prestige will be enjoyed naturally; if the chin is upturned and embraces the face, there will be great fortune in old age; if both ears have hanging pearls (in physiognomy, the left ear is considered the Golden Star and the right ear the Wooden Star), there will be abundant fortune in old age. Other features, such as the cheeks not rising, indicate a person of poverty; if the cheeks rise greatly, it indicates a person of great ambition and arrogance; if the ears are spread wide like a fan, the person will lose family property early in life; if the ears are close to the head, the person can maintain their fortune and has ambition. A face rough but body thin indicates comfort throughout life; a face fine but body thick indicates poverty throughout life.

耳目口鼻為四瀆，露則乏財；顴額鼻頦為五峰，便亦無濟；六府滿則富足一生；四瀆露則貧寒一世；眉濃，陰際毛必盛；須連胸腹毛必多；面無肉而人情薄；面中凹而機計深，面仰而人不義；面色暗而人多險；眉頸頻皺，多優多慮之人；印堂逢沖，多謀少遂之輩；眼露而鼻起節，中年夭壽；額尖而鼻生，中年非分必有；破顴而龍宮又暗，子嗣多虛；破額而奸門黑暗，妻室早傷；

The ears, eyes, mouth, and nose are collectively called "Four Rivers" (comparable to the four major rivers: Jiang, He, Huai, and Ji), and if these openings are exposed, it indicates a lack of wealth. The two cheekbones, forehead, nose, and chin are collectively called "Five Peaks" (i.e., the Five Mountains), and if they are not well formed, it is of no help. Those with full "Six Palaces" (each pair on the left and right of the temple, cheekbones, and jawbones) will be wealthy throughout their lives; those with exposed openings of the Four Rivers will be poor all their lives. Those with thick eyebrows will certainly have abundant hair on their genital area; those with beards reaching the chest will certainly have more hair on their chest and abdomen. Those with little flesh on their face will have shallow relationships; those with a sunken middle face will be cunning; those with an upward-facing face will be untrustworthy; those with a dull complexion will have sinister intentions. Those who often furrow their brows and neck are people who worry a lot; those whose forehead is cut by wrinkles are people who plan a lot but achieve little. Those with protruding eyes and bumps on the nose will die in middle age; those with a sharp forehead and a solitary nose without support will have improper affairs in middle age. Those with broken cheekbones and dark under-eye areas will have few or no children; those with a broken forehead and dark "Jian Men" (a facial area near the nose) will have their wives die young.

遲之格；眼睛深而倉庫空虛；子遲之格，天倉陷而而龍宮破；名遲之格，耳低暗而學堂烏；少年得志，天倉深而福堂高；老大封君，地閣朝而須唇潤；日月角起而知其父有功名，骨重肉輕，應知本身有刑剋；驛馬地陷，出門喪為；月勃位暗，居家多憂；羅計八字，招兒人而耗財；骨肉橫生，侮君子而兇暴；

The pattern of delayed wealth is indicated by deep eye sockets and empty warehouses on both sides; the pattern of delayed sons is shown by a low and sunken heavenly granary and a damaged dragon palace; the pattern of delayed fame is marked by low and dark ears and darkened "school" areas (the regions around the ears and eyes which indicate intelligence). Those who achieve success at a young age have a thick heavenly granary and a high fortune hall; those who receive honors in old age have an upward-curving lower jaw that embraces the chin, with thick beard and moist lips. If the angles above the eyebrows (the heavenly and earthly angles) are prominent, it indicates that the father has official rank; if the bones are heavy but the flesh is light, it suggests that the person will suffer from punishments and conflicts. If the post horse position (the area outside the forehead angles) is sunken, there will be misfortune on the road; if the moon孛 position (between the eyebrows) is dark, there will be much worry at home. If the eyebrows (representing the planets Luo Hou and Ji Du) spread out in an eight-character shape, it brings in outsiders and causes loss of wealth; if the bones and flesh are uneven, the person will dare to bully the virtuous and have a fierce and violent nature.

深睛凹額人多毒，厚唇顴短性必愚；眼豎顴高，假仁義沽名望；眼大印陷，膽小心小；見工夫豪俠之人骨法峻；鄙吝之人鼻竅微；奸詐之人眼放蕩；涵養之人耳孔寬；兩眉高居額中，胸懷軒爽；兩眉低斜過日，好色貪淫；鼎甲之相，眉居額中；翰宛之形品格瀟灑；進士神剛而性介；舉人神藏而氣清；

People with deep eye sockets and sunken foreheads tend to have a dark and poisonous heart; those with thick lips and short cheekbones are likely to be dull-minded. Those with upward-slanting eyes and prominent cheekbones are accustomed to using false benevolence and righteousness to seek fame. Those with large eyes but a low and sunken forehead have small courage and a narrow mind. These details require careful observation: a heroic and chivalrous person will have a strong and upright bone structure; a mean and stingy person will have a narrow nose; a cunning and deceitful person will have a wandering gaze; a cultivated person will have wide ear holes. If the eyebrows are high and located in the middle of the forehead, the person is open-minded and cheerful. If the eyebrows are low and slanting over the eyes, the person tends to be lustful and indulgent. Those who achieve the top ranks of the imperial examination, such as the first, second, and third place winners, have their eyebrows centered on the forehead. Scholars of the Hanlin Academy have a graceful character. Those who pass the imperial examination have a strong spirit and an upright nature. Those who pass the juren examination have a hidden spirit and a clear and bright temperament.

面目軒爽誰敢侮謾；形容愁慘定是猥衷；眉稜骨起性多傲；面如滿月性常和；好食者唇紅口大，好色者眼醉眉濃；法清高形容瀟灑者道士可風；骨法孤寒，肉輕皮薄，僧尼可辱；眼惡之人宜速避，準尖之人亦可防；顴暴之人多架禍，露齒之人多洩機；面白之人多無膽，面紅之人多招災；面黑之人多隱辭；面籃之人多好惡；面青之人多憂思；面黃之人多慎重，面紫之人多安逸。南方之入額為主．北方之人頦為主；東西之人看顴鼻，中省之人獨鼻尊；法令不可不明，不明為官必累；法令不可太深，太深殺酷必多；命門居兩耳之旁，滿則壽，陷則夭；鬢過命心慈好德，此以福相。

A person with a clear and open face is not likely to be looked down upon by others; someone who appears worried and sorrowful usually has hidden troubles in his heart. Those with high eyebrows tend to be proud; those with a round face like a full moon are usually gentle and easygoing. Those who love eating have red lips and a large mouth; those who are fond of women have a drunken gaze and thick eyebrows. Those with a refined and noble appearance and a graceful demeanor are suitable to become a Taoist master and set a trend for a time; those with a lonely and cold bone structure and thin flesh and skin are likely to be looked down upon even if they become monks or nuns. Those with fierce eyes should be avoided; those with sharp and pointed noses should be cautious. Those with rough and prominent cheekbones tend to cause trouble; those with protruding teeth tend to leak secrets. A pale complexion usually indicates a lack of courage; a red complexion often brings misfortune; a black complexion suggests secretive speech; a blue complexion indicates strong likes and dislikes; a green complexion suggests much worry; a yellow complexion indicates carefulness in actions; a purple complexion suggests a life of ease. When observing people from the south, focus on the forehead; when observing people from the north, focus on the lower jaw; when observing people from the east and west, pay attention to the cheekbones and nose; when observing people from the central region, focus mainly on the nose. The "law lines" (the two downward hanging lines beside the nostrils) must be distinct; those without distinct law lines will suffer difficulties in official positions. However, the law lines should not be too deep, as those with deep law lines will be overly strict in enforcing laws. The "life gate" is located in front of both ears; a full life gate indicates longevity, while a sunken life gate indicates a short life. If the hair does not exceed the life gate, it indicates a kind and charitable heart, which is a fortunate appearance.

齒者骨之餘也，可以卜富貴，可以定壽考。宜多、宜長、宜正，福壽富貴可期；忌缺、忌少、忌尖、忌疏、貧賤夭折可慮；內管丹田之氣，缺則破財而祿稀；外職壬癸之司，備則祿榮而壽永；短黑斜飛者，刑傷子嗣；白長正大者，福祿自身；疏少偏斜者，言多不信；端齊縫密，言必真誠；露齒言語不密；長唇多主慎言；結喉露齒，必死在他鄉；缺齒口垂，終防凍餒；

Teeth are produced from the residual energy of bones. From teeth, one can predict wealth and poverty, and determine lifespan. Teeth should be numerous, long, and straight. If these qualities are present, one may expect fortune, longevity, and wealth. However, if teeth are missing, few, pointed, or sparse, one should be concerned about poverty, low status, and a short life. Teeth inside are connected to the energy of the dantian, and if they are damaged, one will suffer financial loss and a meager income. Teeth outside are governed by the functions of the壬癸 (Ren Gui) water elements. If they are complete, then one will have a prominent position and a long life. Short teeth, black color, and crooked teeth indicate harm to descendants. White, long, straight, and wide teeth bring fortune and honor to oneself. Sparse, few, or crooked teeth indicate talkativeness and lack of trustworthiness. Straight, even, and closely spaced teeth indicate truthful speech. People with exposed teeth tend to speak carelessly. Those with long upper lips are more cautious in speech. Those with a prominent Adam's apple and exposed teeth will die away from home. Those with missing teeth and downturned corners of the mouth should be cautious of cold and hunger.

少年齒落多不壽，四十前落牙是也；中年落齒多劫刑；中年復齒主添壽，晚年復齒更延年；齒白唇紅潤大，朝元必祿厚；齒枯辱淡斜歪，緊皺必孤寒；黑堅忠貞，黑枯者貧賤；長大堅實，女貞節而男亦忠良；淡疏小尖，女貪淫而男獵色；庸夫俗子、或黃、或暗、或枯疏；輔宰公卿必密、必長、必堅、必厚重；生一二少主刑傷，迭生牙內外者是；露出當門，中年必劫；齒多者，固為富貴壽考，仍須辨色審；齒少者固夭折貧寒，尤貴揣神而定相也。

A person who loses teeth at a young age is likely to have a short lifespan, referring to losing teeth before the age of forty. Losing teeth in middle age often indicates calamities and injuries. Regrowing teeth in middle age signifies an increase in lifespan, while regrowing teeth in old age can further prolong life. If someone has white teeth, red lips, and lips that are moist, wide, and well-shaped, along with a chin that points upward in harmony with the forehead, they will certainly have a generous salary and status. Conversely, if someone has dry, blackened teeth, pale lips that are crooked and wrinkled, they will likely be poor and isolated. Teeth that are slightly black but firm indicate loyalty and integrity, while teeth that are black and decayed suggest poverty and low status. Large and strong teeth indicate that women are chaste and men are loyal and virtuous. Teeth that are pale, spaced apart, small, and pointed suggest that women are lustful and men are easily tempted by women. Ordinary people often have yellow, dull, or dry and sparse teeth. Those who become high-ranking officials and ministers will have teeth that are fine, long, strong, and thick. Having an extra one or two teeth indicates injuries, referring to teeth that grow overlapping within or outside the normal dental arch. If the front teeth protrude, there will be calamities in middle age. Although having many teeth may indicate wealth and longevity, it must be judged by the color of the teeth. Having few teeth may indicate a short life and poverty, but it is especially important to assess one's spirit and vitality to determine the fate.

一歲至十四歲行耳運。耳高眉齊，主少運發為；耳低照顴，主中運發為；耳珠朝口，主晚運發為，行額運耳輔。左耳為金，右耳為木；有輪廓宜分明，則為佳；有星直高聳，則為佳；高聳過眉之謂。耳反無輪，少遭刑剋；耳低失氣，少防疾病；耳高照顴，少運亨通；耳骨堅硬，耳險無妨；耳白則名揚，耳暗則運蹇；耳門闊，量大聰明；耳門小，量小識狹；耳頭墜，便是金木無神；耳低大運必遲。

From age one to fourteen, one's destiny is influenced by the ear. If the ears are high, level with the eyebrows, then success comes in youth. If the ears are low and aligned with the cheekbones, success comes in middle age. If the earlobes face the mouth, success comes in old age. When the forehead is considered, the ears still play an important role. The left ear belongs to the metal star, and the right ear belongs to the wood star. The ear rim and the earlobe should be distinct; distinctness is good. The ear should be upright and high, and high means the upper edge of the ear is above the eyebrows. If the ear is turned outward and lacks an ear rim, then there will be punishment or misfortune in youth. If the ear is low and lacks vitality, then there is a risk of illness in youth. If the ear is high and aligned with the cheekbone, then youth is prosperous. If the ear bone is firm, slight imperfections in the ear shape are not a problem. If the ear is white and clean, one's reputation will spread far. If the ear is dull and dark, one's fortune will be obstructed. If the ear opening is wide, one has a large capacity and is intelligent. If the ear opening is narrow, one has a small capacity and limited vision. If the upper part of the ear droops downward, then the metal and wood stars lose their vitality. If the ear position is too low, great fortune will come late.

少年科甲，多半耳夾天庭；中運豐隆，多半耳照顴鼻；兩耳黑灰，應卜壽元不久；兩耳丹赤，應知回祿終防；耳尖似火，紅又屬火，無珠屬火，如復髮而紅，鬚密準紅、顴紅，定主火喪；猶必參各宮部，以定終身，不可拘泥；兩耳星辰，以為評斷也。至於人瘦耳多不貼肉者，無大礙；人肥耳反不貼肉者，有大礙焉。左耳缺，先死父；右耳缺，先死母；耳門有痣病；耳白莖，耳白薄壽夭，耳堅壽永。婦人左耳厚先生男，右耳厚先生女，一大一小曾食二母之乳。

Those who pass the imperial examinations at a young age usually have high, prominent ears that are connected to the forehead. Those who have prosperous fortunes in middle age usually have ears that correspond with the cheeks and nose. If the ears are black or gray, it indicates a short lifespan. If the ears are bright red like cinnabar, there is a risk of fire (the fire god is called "Huilu"). Ears that are sharp like flames, red in color, and without earlobes are all signs of fire. If these are combined with red hair, thick beard, red nose, and red cheekbones, it is certain that the person will die from fire. However, one must still examine other areas and positions to determine the entire destiny, and not rely solely on one factor. Ears are only related to the metal and wood stars, and can only be part of the judgment. As for thin people, their ears are often not close to the head, which is not a major problem. However, for fat people, if their ears are not close to the head, it is a significant issue. A missing left ear indicates the father's early death; a missing right ear indicates the mother's early death. A mole on the ear indicates illness. White hair on the ear is good. If the ear is white but the earlobe is thin, it indicates a short lifespan, while a thick and firm earlobe indicates a long life. For women, a thick left ear indicates giving birth to a boy first, and a thick right ear indicates giving birth to a girl first. If both ears are of different sizes, it suggests that the person was breastfed by both mothers as a child.

十五六至三十歲行額運。以枕骨主骨為應，以耳輔；宜山林、冢墓、日月角位起，中正無紋沖，無黑子耳行。額為火星，宜日月角明朗，天庭位光聳；降如覆肝，髮不低壓；印堂貫而直起，貫頂邊城；滿而伏神插中，兩耳高懸照額，富貴早運可期；輔弼夾拱天中，名青少年得運。黃明在額，氣臨印而功名顯。

From the age of fifteen or sixteen to thirty, one's fortune is determined by the forehead area. The forehead corresponds with the occipital bone at the back of the head and the main bone on top of the head, with the ears as auxiliary. There should be prominences in areas such as the mountain forest, tomb, and the corners of the eyes and moon, the central and upright position should have no broken lines or black moles, and the ears should complement this. This period of fortune will be smooth. The forehead belongs to the planet Mars in the Five Elements, so the corners of the eyes and moon should be bright, and the forehead should be clean and high. The forehead should be prominent like an inverted pig liver, with hair not pressing down on the forehead. The energy from the forehead should flow straight upward to the top of the head and the sides. The forehead should be full and contain the spirit's energy in the center. The ears should be high and correspond with the forehead. With these features, wealth and honor in early years can be expected. The bones of Left Assistant and Right Assistant should enclose the Tianzhong area, indicating good fortune during youth. A yellow and bright color on the forehead indicates that when the energy reaches the Yintang, success in officialdom will be achieved.

忌低、忌陷、忌沖破，運防二十五之前；位管三十四之內；日旦角暗，父母堪虞；髮腳巖巖，刑傷迭慮；髮尖沖印，不防改去免刑；髮鑽額中，不妨出斷免損害。額過突而陽勝陰，刑親難免；額而左與右，過偏蔗出相宜；額上忽暗，親病牽連；額上忽烏，天災迭至；印堂白氣，服色三年；中正青筋，病沖數載；中正紋人天倉，早子妻生不利；中正沖過眉尾，父業縱有都空；筋沖、印陷、紋多、骨粗、兩眉豎起連逼印堂，眉骨強橫晨，懸針正破，此等之相，不過刑剋父母，猶防本命鰥寡也。

The forehead should not be low, sunken, or broken by markings; if any of these are present, one should be cautious about their fate before the age of twenty-five. The forehead generally governs one's fortune up to the age of thirty-four. If the corners of the eyes are dark, there may be worries about the parents. If the hair at the temples is uneven and looks like scattered stones, there may be repeated worries about injuries. If the hair at the hairline points directly toward the forehead, it is advisable to cut that strand off to avoid harm. If there is an inverted hair growing straight up from the center of the forehead, it is also advisable to cut it off to prevent damage. If the forehead is overly prominent, it indicates an excess of yang over yin, leading inevitably to harm to the parents. If the forehead is tilted too far to the left or right, those who are overly tilted may actually be more suitable for having a concubine. If the forehead suddenly darkens, it indicates being affected by the parents' illnesses. If the forehead suddenly turns black, it indicates consecutive natural disasters. If there is a white mist appearing in the forehead area, there will be mourning within three years. If the veins on the middle of the forehead turn blue, there will be illness within a few years. If the markings on the middle of the forehead invade the Heavenly Granary, it is unfavorable for the early children and the wife. If the markings on the middle of the forehead extend beyond the end of the eyebrows, even if the father's family fortune exists, it will be lost. If the veins on the forehead are prominent, the forehead is low, the markings are numerous, the bone structure is coarse, the eyebrows are raised and approach the forehead, the brow bones are strong and prominent, or there is a vertical mark (a straight line in the center of the forehead) directly breaking through the forehead—those with such features not only harm the parents but also need to be cautious about being single or widowed themselves.

三十一歲至三十四歲行眉運，三十五至四十行眼運。如眉不好眼雖好，而仍十足，不若粗濃低壓者，宜改之，務宜於眼長短大小均配乃合，否則必困。左眉為羅喉，右眉為計都；未是凶星，最防帶殺；印堂為命宮，正直光明圓闊，如兩眉連鎖命宮者，命必夭而刑剋多；兩眉退避命宮者，運必早而富貴遂；

From age thirty-one to thirty-four, one's fortune is governed by the eyebrows, and from thirty-five to forty, by the eyes. If the eyebrows are not good but the eyes are, the fortune is still considered complete. However, it is still better to modify the eyebrows that are thick, coarse, and oppressive, making sure their length and size match the eyes. Otherwise, the fortune will be obstructed. The left eyebrow is called 'Luohou' and the right one is called 'Jidu', which are both considered凶 stars in star divination, and one should be especially cautious about them bringing a harsh fate. The area between the eyebrows is called 'Minggong', which should be upright, bright, round, and open. If the two eyebrows connect and block the Minggong, the person will have a short life and suffer many hardships. If the eyebrows are apart and leave space for the Minggong, then fortune will come early and success will be smooth.

眉毛粗硬兼骨起弓，定招災；眉毛硬則性狠，眉骨起則性傲；冀之粗濁，主兄弟參商刑剋，敢作敢為，定招殃禍；眉毛濃粗，若逼貼弓當出嗣；眉濃眼闊，號日重羅迭計，不利父母，宜當出嗣，否則父母防沖而兄亦防克；灣長豔帶疏，見低弓當貴；性柔散濁，繽紛短縮，形弓則耗；心亂眉砂帶箭，若不拔弓定遭沖；帶箭即豎者，主刑剋之毛，老尾帶箭，交此運宮災禍遇，刑剋破財，宮非口舌；眉粗濃而不見底，應知血旺貪淫；眉婆婆而又下垂，應交妻妾狐媚，此皆色慾之格。

A person with thick and coarse eyebrows and high arched eyebrows is destined to suffer misfortune. Thick eyebrows indicate a harsh and cruel nature, while high arched eyebrows suggest a proud and arrogant disposition. Those with coarse and turbid eyebrows are likely to have brothers who are separated like the stars Shen and Chang, and they are prone to conflicts and harm. Such people are bold and reckless, and will inevitably bring calamity. If the eyebrows are thick, dense, and close to the eyes, curving into an arch, they should be adopted by another family. If the eyebrows are thick and the eye sockets are wide, it is called 'heavy net and repeated plans,' which is unfavorable to the parents and suggests adoption. Otherwise, the father should beware of clashes and control, and the elder brother should be cautious of interference. If the eyebrows are curved and long, bright, and open, with a low and arched shape, it indicates nobility. If the eyebrows are weak, scattered, dirty, and messy, or if they are short and curved, they indicate a tendency to scatter and lose. Those with scattered thoughts often have sand-like points in their eyebrows and arrow hairs. If arrow hairs are not removed, they will suffer from clashes and control. Arrow hairs refer to upright eyebrows that are harmful and indicate conflicts and harm. If arrow hairs appear at the end of the eyebrows, misfortune will occur during this phase of the eyebrow destiny, leading to conflicts, financial loss, legal troubles, and disputes. If the eyebrows are thick and dense, obscuring the skin beneath, it indicates strong vitality and a tendency towards lust. If the eyebrows are loose, scattered, and drooping, they suggest encountering a wife or concubine with a fox-like charm, which are all signs of indulgence and excessive desire.

眼中無殺又生懼內；眉短不蓋目，富貴難言；眉豎若及反弓，刑凶迭至；眉為開鎖，短促露天倉，主破財；眉反弓帶殺，官非口舌俱防；兩眉下垂，女多生而男少育，兼主性懦人愚，且招小人破財；眉濃髮厚，身己賤而行亦淤，又主人憎鬼厭；眉中有黑子，主防水火之災；眉濃而黑，帶黑子在眉主水災；眉黃面紅，帶黑子主火災；眉寒薄帶黑子，有疾病纏；

If there is no authority in the eyes, one will fear his wife. If the eyebrows are short and do not cover the eyes, one cannot expect wealth and honor; if the eyebrows are inverted or curved like a bow, misfortunes and calamities will follow continuously. The eyebrows are the key to opening or closing one's fate: if the eyebrows are short and expose the Heavenly Granary, it indicates financial loss; if the eyebrows are curved backward and carry a fierce aura, one must beware of legal troubles and disputes. Those with drooping eyebrows tend to have more daughters than sons, and they are often timid, dull-witted, and prone to attracting small people who cause financial loss. Those with thick eyebrows and abundant hair usually have a low status, act slowly, and are disliked by others. If there is a black mole in the middle of the eyebrows, one should beware of water and fire disasters: thick black eyebrows with a black mole in the middle indicate water disaster; yellow eyebrows, a red face, and a black mole indicate fire disaster; thin, sparse, and cold eyebrows with a black mole suggest illness.

眉毛有交紋，應防妻妾之禍；奸門位有交紋，主妻妾有非命於縊死；毛薄黃準頭紅，定見火厄之慘；眉毛粗壓，眼睛昏，定遭牢獄之患；眉黃亂而妻淫，眉短散而財困；眉黃眼暗，非死於獄如何；眼暗如漆，無殺、無刑、無耀；眉稀眼浮，散家財難了；眉豎起而太陽陷，定見行劫身災；眉豎起而纏紅筋，應知官設刑辱；紅筋沖眼主官非；

If there are crossing lines on the eyebrows, one should beware of troubles involving wife or concubine; crossing lines at the奸门 (the inner corner of the eye) indicate that the wife or concubine may die an untimely death or by hanging. If the eyebrows are sparse, the hair is yellow, and the nose tip is red, there will certainly be a fire disaster. If the eyebrows are thick and cover the eyes, and the eyes are dull, one is sure to face imprisonment. If the eyebrows are yellow and disordered, the wife is likely to be unchaste; if the eyebrows are short and scattered, there will be financial difficulties. A person with yellow eyebrows and dark eyes will surely die in prison, otherwise what else can happen? However, if the eyes are dark like ink but without a killing aura, without a punishment aura, and without brightness, there will be no such misfortunes. If the eyebrows are sparse and the eyes are dull, one will exhaust all family wealth but still not be able to resolve matters. If the eyebrows are upright and the temples are sunken, one will certainly encounter robbery and suffer misfortune; if the eyebrows are upright and there are red veins around them, one will be subjected to punishment by the authorities; if red threads enter the eyes, it indicates legal troubles.

眉纖細而形如柳，風流陣上多情，好花柳漁色之徒；眉彎秀而樣似蛾，閨閣床前好欲；眉手纖細，多使兩之才；眉毛飛揚，皆好高之輩；相眉大概不外如斯，更參五官便無妄斷。眉長於目，兄弟五六；眉如掃帚，兄弟八九；與目同等，兄弟一兩；短不及目，兄弟不足，縱有一雙，也非同腹；眉有犯重羅迭計，帶箭毛者，主刑剋；雖多兄弟，獨底獨一；左眉高右眉低，父先歸而母在；眉重當家早，鬚黃發達遲。凡男子女人，於眉毛反生，及有鑽毛者，主宮父母定有不妥之處；或兵或戮，或離娘者，不等也，所謂內釁與。

Meticulous eyebrows shaped like willow leaves indicate a person who is sentimental and often frequents pleasure houses, seeking to indulge in sensual pleasures. Those with curved and delicate eyebrows resembling the eyebrows of a moth are likely to have strong desires in private life. If both eyebrows and hands are slender, the person is likely to be cunning and skillful in using their wits. Those with eyebrows that are lifted and upward-pointing are usually ambitious and have lofty aspirations. These are the general characteristics of eyebrows. When combined with the examination of other facial features, one can avoid making hasty judgments. If the eyebrows are longer than the eyes, the person has five or six brothers. If the eyebrows are thick and disordered like a broom, they have eight or nine brothers. If the eyebrows are as long as the eyes, they have one or two brothers. If the eyebrows are shorter than the eyes, they have few brothers, and even if they have two, they are not from the same mother. If the eyebrows exhibit the characteristic of 'repeated schemes' and have arrow-like hairs, they are prone to suffer from calamities, even though they may have many brothers, they will ultimately be alone. If the left eyebrow is higher than the right, the father is likely to pass away first while the mother is still alive. Thick eyebrows indicate an early role as the family head, while yellow beard hair suggests a later success. For both men and women, if their eyebrows grow in the opposite direction or have inverted hairs, it indicates problems in the parents' household: either death by weapon, or being killed, or separation from the mother, and the situation varies—this is referred to as domestic misfortune.

三十五至四十行眼運。以眉為佐，天倉山根為輔；眼若深陷，主克劫身災；若露筋露神，主劫害夭折；若眉壓山根陷，主牢獄，紅筋纏主官非也。左眼為陽，右眼為陰，如天之有日月。日月最直光明，眼睛則貴清朗；眼肉黑白分明，定是賢良之輩；眼紅筋纏繞，定是剛愎之流；眼長秀而有神，富貴福壽；眼圓大而晴突，勇悍難馴；眼黑大而光明，多才多藝；眼眶小而殺無，志卑識卑；眼光浮露定貪淫；眼神不強少決斷；眼溼之流多好色；眼深之人欠財；

From the age of thirty-five to forty, one walks the eye fortune. The eye fortune is assisted by the eyebrows and supported by the Heavenly Granary and the mountain root. If the eye sockets are deeply sunken, it indicates punishment, calamity, and physical misfortune; if the blue veins are visible and the eyes appear to be leaking outward, it suggests suffering from misfortune or an early death; if the eyebrows press upon the eyes and the mountain root is low and sunken, it indicates imprisonment; if red threads are wrapped around the eyes, it indicates legal troubles. The left eye belongs to Yang, and the right eye belongs to Yin, just as the sun and moon exist in the sky. The sun and moon are most important when they are bright, and the eyes are most valuable when they are clear, bright, and moist. If the eyes clearly distinguish black and white, the person is certainly virtuous and benevolent; if red threads are coiled around the eyes, the person is certainly stubborn and inflexible. If the eyes are long and refined with spirit, the person will be wealthy, prosperous, and long-lived; if the eyes are round and large with protruding pupils, the person is brave and fierce, difficult to tame; if the pupils are dark, large, and bright, the person is talented in many skills; if the eye sockets are small and lack authority, the person has low ambition and shallow insight. If the eyes appear floating and revealing, the person is likely greedy and lustful; if the eyes lack strength, the person lacks decisiveness; if the eyes often carry a moist appearance, the person is likely to be lustful; if the eye sockets are deeply sunken, the person lacks wealth.

眼蓋深陷而且烏，難言子嗣；眼肉黑子而斜視，便是姦淫；轉眼突露無情，人多兇悍；眼開四白俱露，良心何存；眼常淚溫，男防妻子女防夫；眼肉通黃，病主生痰痰生溼；一大一小，主為俱內之男；半開半合，定是愚蠢之性；

If the upper eyelid is deeply sunken and the hair is dark, it is difficult to expect descendants. If there is a black mole on the upper eyelid and when looking at people the eyes are slanting, this is the appearance of a person who commits adultery. If the eyes move with a sudden and emotionless expression, the person is likely to be fierce and cruel. If the eyes are wide open and the white part of the eye is fully visible around the pupil (commonly known as 'four white eyes'), then there is no talk of conscience. If the eyes often appear moist with tears, men should beware of their wives and women should beware of their husbands. If the eyelids and the white of the eyes are all yellow, it indicates illness, which leads to phlegm, and phlegm leads to dampness. If the eyes are one big and one small, it indicates that the person is afraid of his wife. If the eyes are half open and half closed, and cannot fully open, it indicates that the person is of a foolish nature.

光浮暴露，睛如鴿眼，便防偷；蒙昧無神，視似虎耽曾是賊；慈多行，眼有神而光隱；凶惡多習，眼有筋而睛黃；眼多魚尾，防子刑妻；眼樣胞浮，破財夭命；眼突睛黃白又暗，顛狂之死無疑；睛昏睛黃眉又亂，兵戈之傷可虞；眼小面大是為有殺難削，面小眼大亦主有財多劫；偷眼視人，奸狡猶防賊害本身；邪眼視人，淫亂又主貪婪無厭。眼忌眉低，恐防三泰陽運蹇；服忌骨壓，猶防日月不明；刑沖者，眉豎而太陽位凹；破耗者，眉短而眼眶內深；臣蠶色暗，必須寡乃多男；魚尾痴紋，獨忌妻孥逢惡死；更及奸門低陷，夫婦定必無緣；淚堂拗深，兒女定然難育也。

The eyes that shine brightly and are exposed, with a pupil resembling that of a pigeon, should be watched out for as they may be thieves. If the eyes are dull and lack luster, and when looking at people they fixate like a tiger, they were likely thieves before. Those who are kind and often do good deeds have a divine light in their eyes that is hidden within; those who are wicked and habitual in evil have red veins in their eyes and yellow pupils. If there are many fish tail wrinkles at the corners of the eyes, one should be cautious of harm to children and wife. If the eyelids are swollen, there will be financial loss and a short life. If the pupils are prominent and the eyes are yellow and dark, death by madness is certain. If the pupils are dull yellow and the eyebrows are disordered, there is fear of injury from weapons. If the eyes are small and the face is large, there is a lot of killing energy with nowhere to discharge. If the face is small and the eyes are large, although there may be wealth, there will be frequent losses. If someone looks sideways and secretly at others, they are not only cunning but also should be cautious of harm to themselves. If someone looks at others with a lustful gaze, they are both lustful and greedy without end. The eyes most fear when the eyebrows are low, as this may cause difficulties in the three yang areas. The eyes also fear when the brow bones press down, causing the eyes to lack brightness. Those with a criminal conflict have upright eyebrows and a sun穴 that is sunken. Those who suffer financial loss have short eyebrows and a deep eye socket. If the flesh under the eyes has a dark color, it indicates a prior loss of a spouse or being a widow, then they will have many sons. If there are chaotic and dull wrinkles at the fish tail area, it is most dangerous for the wife and children to die violently. Additionally, if the奸门 is low, the couple will certainly not have a harmonious relationship; if the泪堂 is deep like a pit, the children will be difficult to raise.

四十一至五十歲行鼻運。用兩顴為夾輔，兩耳為外纏，用枕骨為後樂，用唇、地閣為朝用；井為為倉庫，少一不是大運。然有顴而鼻不好仍行得，其貴人輔也；獨鼻無顴，不可言行，其無捕也；鼻好而準垂下，是為洩氣，宜長須以聚其氣，否亦不發；鼻孔過大無攔，即發即敗也。

From age forty-one to fifty, one is in the nose fortune period. The nose fortune should be supported by the two cheekbones as left and right flanks, and the two ears as surrounding protection. The back of the head, specifically the枕骨, should serve as the support behind (in the terminology of facial analysis, this is called "后乐," meaning the supporting mountain behind the穴位). The lips and chin should form the front facing response. The sides of the nose wings should act as storage areas. If any of these elements are missing, it cannot be considered a great fortune. However, if someone has the cheekbones but the nose is slightly inferior, their fortune can still be good because there is support from a nobleman. If someone has only a good nose but lacks the cheekbones, they cannot be considered to be in a good fortune, as there is no one to support them. If the nose is good but the tip is drooping, it is called "泄气" (leaking energy), and it is advisable to grow a long beard to gather the energy, otherwise it will not succeed. If the nose holes are too large and not covered, the fortune will rise quickly but then decline.

鼻為土星，居中而屬戊已，在面而居中停，理可決人之富貴福壽也。故鼻為土星，必須有輔，無輔不榮；必須有氣，無氣亦敗；有氣貫頂，則鼻樑豐而印堂滿，是有單犀伏；無氣貫頂，則鼻樑塌而印堂陷，是為氣退凶臨；氣即紫氣，凶即月孛。

The nose belongs to the planet of Earth in the Five Stars system, located in the center of the face, corresponding to the heavenly stems Wu and Ji (Earth). It is positioned in the middle of the face, so in theory, one can judge a person's wealth, status, longevity, and happiness based on the nose. Since the nose belongs to the Earth planet, it must have support; without support, it will not be prosperous. It must have energy; without energy, it will fail. If the energy can rise to the top of the head, the bridge of the nose is full and the palace of the forehead is round and full, this is called the "Ridge Serpent Penetrating the Crown" appearance. If the energy cannot rise to the top of the head, the bridge of the nose is sunken and the palace of the forehead is low and hollow, this is called the good energy retreating and the evil energy coming in. The good energy refers to the Purple Star, and the evil refers to the Moon孛 Star.

斷山根而後有橫紋，應主腳疾；黑年壽或青暗，俱防血災；年上有節，少主刑親；年上有筋，應遭橫禍；豐而有肉，得顴而富貴可期，年壽位是；聳而孤高，無顴而寒貧愈逼，低塌而無樑柱，倉庫空虛；纖小而無情神，身居寒賤；黑子壓於年壽，人財兩劫宜防；青氣生在中央，疾厄須防漸至；山根青暗為催尸殺動；準頭青黑為占疾垂危；鼻上斑臨病點，血痔一生；元壽羊刃紋拖，刀槍屢遇；若有橫紋，夫妻隔角；若縱理紋，義子螟嶺；生八字定克妻，山根位是；直射印堂亡祖業；

If the mountain root is broken and there is a horizontal line after it, it indicates illness in the feet. If the year longevity (the middle part of the nose) is black or dark blue, one should beware of blood-related calamities. If there are knots on the year part (the upper part of the nose), there will be troubles with parents in youth. If there are blue veins on the year part, one may suffer unexpected misfortunes. If the year longevity is full and has flesh, and the two cheekbones support it, wealth and honor are expected. If the nose is high but isolated without support and lacks matching cheekbones, poverty will become more severe. If the nose is low and lacks a ridge and a column, the two warehouses (representing wealth and resources) will also be empty. If the nose is thin, small, and lacks expression, one's status is low. If there is a black mole on the year longevity, one should beware of losing both people and money. If there is a blue aura in the center of the nose, one should beware of gradually worsening illness. If the mountain root is dark blue, it indicates that the death star has already activated. If the nose tip is dark blue and black, it indicates that the illness has reached a critical stage. If there are spots or disease marks on the nose, one will have blood disorders and hemorrhoids throughout life. If there is a sheep knife pattern hanging from the year longevity, one will repeatedly encounter dangers from weapons. If there is a horizontal line on the nose, it indicates marital discord; if there is a vertical line, it indicates the adoption of a son (the term "minglei" refers to a foster son). If there are eight-character patterns on the mountain root, it indicates the death of the wife; if the patterns directly point to the forehead, the family fortune will be ruined.

蘭廷筋生紅白，酒色多貪；年壽帶筋而紅絲，水火為患；光潤無暇運將通，暗色不開財必累；如懸膽，加截筒，兼得兩顴照應，非富貴而何；似鷹嘴，心劍鋒，兼之兩顴失氣，非孤寒奚有；顴插天倉，準如懸膽，應得大富姣妻；顴骨胸橫，準無樑柱，應招六親冰炭；鼻垂肉而貪淫，鼻嘴而心毒；鼻孔露而耗財，鼻孔小而吝嗇；鼻頭破而刑妻損子，鼻頭紅而耗散家財；

The Lan Tai and Ting Wei (left and right nostrils) if they have red and white veins growing out, indicate a person who is fond of drinking and indulging in lust. If the year of life has veins and also red threads, it foretells calamities from water and fire. If the nose is bright and smooth without blemishes, it indicates smooth fortune; if dark colors remain stagnant, it suggests financial difficulties. If the nose shape is like a hanging gallbladder or a straight cut bamboo tube, and also supported by the two cheekbones, this is surely a sign of great wealth. If the nose shape is like an eagle's beak, with a sharp and cruel mind, and the two cheekbones are weak, this is surely a sign of poverty and isolation. If the two cheekbones reach into the Heavenly Granary and the nose tip is like a hanging gallbladder, one will achieve great wealth and marry a beautiful wife. If the cheekbones are wide and the nose tip lacks a beam and a pillar, the relationship with the Six Relations will be as cold as ice and fire. A hanging flesh on the nose tip indicates lust, a sharp and bird-like nose tip indicates cruelty. Exposed nostrils indicate expenditure of wealth, narrow nostrils indicate stinginess. A damaged nose tip indicates punishment of wife and children, a red nose indicates loss of family wealth.

蘭臺廷尉最怕薄削無欄，金甲倉箱又怕沖流塌陷；準有肉而心慈；準得顴而勢足；又為肺竅，紅主肺熱之虞；又為土星，亦主火災之患；最忌空虛淺弱，分明好用又無財；最愛圓滿光凝，縱處困窮仍得福；樑柱端正，不憂貧賤而為奸；樑柱彎斜，縱富貴亦多；為皇者，鼻綜聳天庭必長、必厚，為相者，鼻聳中正必厚、亦豐；三品官員斷無鼻上失氣；五品以下間有上塌而下圓；必宜慎審其氣之由方，不至之矛盾也。

The Lan Tai and TingYi officials most fear a thin and exposed nose; the positions of Jin Jia and CangXiang (the wealth area on the side of the nose) also fear being attacked by patterns or eroded by water-like collapse. A nose with flesh indicates a kind heart; a nose supported by both cheekbones shows strong vitality. The nose is also the opening of the lungs, so a red nose indicates lung heat; since the nose belongs to the Earth element, a red nose also indicates a fire disaster. The most feared is a hollow and shallow nose bridge, which may appear capable but ultimately leads to poverty; the most favorable is a round and bright nose with a concentrated glow, which even in hardship still brings fortune. A straight nose bridge indicates no fear of poverty and low status leading to wrongdoing; a slanted nose bridge, even if one is rich and powerful, brings many troubles. Emperors have high nose bridges and long, thick foreheads; ministers have high nose bridges and thick, full middle parts. Officials of third rank and above certainly do not have a loss of energy on their nose; officials of fifth rank and below occasionally have a collapsed upper part of the nose bridge and a rounded lower part. One must carefully examine where the energy comes from to avoid conflicting judgments.

鼻頭有德主痔病、年壽有病缺者偏僻病，準頭多黑子主迍邅，山根年壽有橫紋及生書，主夫妻隔角；有縱理紋者，主養他人子；有紋如線過兩邊或二三條，妻主為死；直紋穿印堂及羊刃眼，主自縊；蘭廷紅白筋，主貪酒色；準及年壽有紅線絲筋，主溺死；年壽上有羊刃紋多在上者，主刀槍險，一紋一次；山根有八字紋主克妻；直射印堂主祖業消亡及火災；黑子斑在年壽上者，帶宿疾；山根青黑色為催尸殺動，主旬內死；忽然生斑麻子點，主痔病。

A mole on the nose indicates a tendency towards hemorrhoids; if there is a mark or defect on the year and longevity area, it suggests a difficult-to-cure illness; having many black moles on the nose tip indicates hardship and lack of smoothness. If there are horizontal or spotted lines on the mountain root and year and longevity areas, it indicates marital discord; if there are vertical lines, it suggests adopting another person's son. If there are fine thread-like lines crossing both sides or a few lines, the wife is likely to die in childbirth; if there are straight lines crossing the forehead and connected to the sheep knife pattern reaching the eyes, it indicates suicide by hanging. If there are red and white veins on the lan tao and ting wei areas, it suggests a tendency towards excessive drinking and indulgence in pleasures; if there are red thread-like veins on the nose tip and year and longevity areas, it indicates drowning. If there is a sheep knife pattern on the year and longevity area, especially in the upper part, it indicates danger from weapons; one line corresponds to one incident. If there is an eight-character pattern on the mountain root, it indicates the husband will harm the wife; if the lines directly point to the forehead, it indicates the failure of ancestral property and a fire disaster. If there is a black mole or spot on the year and longevity area, it indicates a congenital illness. If the mountain root shows a dark blue-black color, it indicates the death sentence is activated, leading to death within ten days. If sudden spots or pimples appear on the nose, it indicates suffering from hemorrhoids.

五十至六十三直參此位。口宜大，宜紅，宜朝，宜有稜；宜唇厚，宜紋多，宜鬚疏，宜鬚不困；口宜不落不當門牙，宜地閣朝，宜鬚軟有索，方能行得，缺此不利，是水星不成也。口為水星，位居北坎，主衣祿，主官階；上應乎額，中應乎鼻。直朝上為有氣，忌覆下謂反元，元者額鼻是也。小則為弱，晚運必貧，反則為逆，晚運必敗；合小開大，得乎水之正星；上朝有稜，得乎水之正局；人中深而水星不反，紋理多而色調硃紅；此乃水之旺格。而富貴福壽，預可期也。

For the period from fifty to sixty-three years old, one should examine the mouth area carefully. The mouth should be large, red in color, with the corners upward, and with distinct edges on the lips. It should have thick lips, many lip lines, and a sparse, well-defined beard that does not encircle the mouth. The front teeth should not be missing, the chin should be upturned to embrace the face, and the beard should be soft and arranged in neat rows. Only with these features can this period of life be smooth and prosperous; lacking any of them is considered an unfavorable water star configuration. The mouth belongs to the water star, located in the north, corresponding to the Kan trigram. It governs clothing, food, salary, official rank, and status. It corresponds to the forehead above and the nose in the center. When the corners of the mouth are upward, it indicates vitality; it is unfavorable when the corners of the mouth are downward and drooping, which is called "reverse origin." The term "origin" refers to the forehead and nose, which should correspond with the mouth. A small mouth indicates weakness, leading to poverty in later years; drooping mouth corners indicate reversal, leading to failure in later years. A mouth that is small when closed and large when open is in line with the proper form of the water star. A mouth with upward corners and distinct lip edges is in line with the proper configuration of the water star. A deep and long philtrum without drooping mouth corners, and many lip lines with a red lip color—this is the strong configuration of water, indicating future wealth, honor, and longevity.

口小而撮，刑剋貧寒之憂；口大而丹，富貴福壽之局；朝元則為水火相得，子孫盛麗福澤昌；反下則為水土相剋；家道衰而時運敗；弦稜潤澤，應知福壽多增；狹小歪斜，又慮貧寒立至；紋多而子孫昌盛，過潤而誇張自圖；唇外紋如皺理，財少而繫多刑，索袋口是也。唇薄色似黑灰，壽希而福祿亦寡，吹火形防孤獨；總理紋防飢餓，尖嘴者，偷食之人；有病多食之輩；口大主肉食不厭；口反過，主食生災；口似含丹，那有餓寒之士；口疏唇反，必是訕謗之人。

A mouth that is small and tightly closed, resembling the shape of blowing fire, indicates worries of punishment, hardship, and poverty. A mouth that is large with red and plump lips signifies a prosperous and long-lived destiny. When the corners of the mouth turn upward and correspond with the forehead and nose, it indicates harmony between water and fire, leading to a flourishing lineage and abundant blessings. However, if the corners of the mouth droop downward, it indicates conflict between water and earth, leading to family decline and bad fortune. If the lip edges and lip ridges are moist and lustrous, it suggests an increase in fortune and longevity. If the mouth is narrow and crooked, one should worry about poverty arriving soon. Many lip lines indicate a thriving descendants, while overly oily lips suggest a tendency to be boastful. If there are wrinkles outside the lips resembling contracted skin, it indicates a lack of wealth and frequent troubles and punishments, known as "suo dai kou" (like a tightly drawn bag). Thin lips with a blackish-gray color indicate a short lifespan and little fortune. A mouth that is tightly puckered like blowing fire should be cautious of loneliness. If the lips have tangled and converging lines, one should be cautious of hunger. Those with a pointed mouth are inclined to steal food; those who still eat much despite illness also fall into this category. Those with a large mouth enjoy eating meat without satiety; those with drooping mouth corners may face misfortunes related to food. If the lips appear as if holding a red cinnabar bead, how could one ever suffer from hunger or cold? Those with a broad mouth and outwardly flaring lips are likely to be people who often mock and slander others.

女子有夫有緣，定是口似赤丹；男子與妻合意，必須齒白唇紅；口如縮囊，雖有兒而難受，到老防刑剋；口如露齒，已有事而難遮；口大面小，好為歌吹之流；口大面方，定作朝丁之上；口大唇粗；面方主祿；此乃相口之大略，直參部位以推評也。

A woman who is destined to have a harmonious relationship with her husband will certainly have red lips as vivid as cinnabar; a man who is in harmony with his wife will certainly have white teeth and red lips. If the mouth is shaped like a tightly closed cloth bag and appears wrinkled, although he may have sons, he will find it difficult to keep them, and he should beware of troubles and conflicts in old age. If the mouth is often exposed with teeth showing, it indicates that whatever is already happening cannot be concealed. A large mouth with a small face suggests a liking for occupations such as singing and playing musical instruments; a large mouth with a square face indicates a position in the court. A large mouth with thick lips and a square face indicates a person who will receive a salary. This is a general overview of mouth shape, but it should be considered in conjunction with other body parts for a comprehensive assessment.

五十一晚年，俱一須以定吉凶；又能催五十前之丁、貫、財；地閣不朝，上唇薄短，宜早長；井為太薄，露宜早長；人中短促淺平，宜早長；當門牙缺齒露，宜早長也。須為晚境，可定榮枯，可分貴賤，可辦刑沖；宜疏宜潤，宜軟宜索；得此壩福壽綿長，子孫蕃衍；忌硬忌枯，忌密忌無，犯此則當年困鈍，作事顛倒；鬚不過溝，人中無鬚。多招訕謗，為人無功；鬚如困口，必遭迍遲邅，晚境必滯，做官到此，不能必食天祿；平等人得此，則運帶；為官者，鬚密困蔽，祿位可虞，為商者，鬚疏潤澤，財富自足。

After the age of fifty-one, the fortune in one's later years depends entirely on the beard; the beard can also promote the prosperity of family members, achievements, and wealth before the age of fifty. Those whose chin does not curve upward, those with thin and short upper lips, those with thin and exposed nostrils, and those with a short, shallow, and flat philtrum should grow a beard early. Those with missing front teeth or exposed teeth should also grow a beard early. The beard governs the later years, determining prosperity or decline, distinguishing nobility or commonness, and determining punishment and clash. A beard should be sparse, moist, soft, and grow in distinct strands; those who possess these characteristics will have long life and numerous descendants. It is inauspicious to have a hard, dry, overly dense, or nonexistent beard; those who commit these faults will experience difficulties and confusion in the same year, and their affairs will be disordered. Beards that are longer than the philtrum or those who do not have beards in the philtrum area often invite mockery and criticism, and their endeavors will be ineffective. A beard that encircles the mouth will surely lead to stagnation and delay, and the later years will be stagnant; officials who reach this stage may not be able to enjoy the state's salary, while ordinary people with such a beard will have their fortune hindered. Officials with overly dense beards that cover their mouths will have their official positions in jeopardy; merchants with sparse, moist beards will naturally have abundant wealth.

木形鬚白，不染而病必遭，金克木也；本形鬚紅，不染而災立至；面紅木形主災病，或狂、或血、或瘡。金形面紅而鬚白，亦主官非破財；金形面暗而鬚黃，又主財傾病至；拂左拂右，懼內之人；開叉開歧，運滯之輩；上密蓋口，洶滯時鈍；下密而為，刑剋運塞；雙分燕尾，晚境淒涼，主刑剋破財；密號胡連，中年混純；帶焦黃而血結，火燥血熱為病，若秀潤而身安；面紅鬚赤。因官非而大破資財，鬚燥面灰，因火傷而大傷為業；鬚密、眉帶黑子，水中渰；鬚黃、面黃、帶紅筋者，火中喪；嫩幼而清渭，官宦必享，庶人亦福；粗硬面不索，性情剛，硬暴，智識愚蒙，倘若過少而堅硬無防；明白鐵線，少流不防健硬，過多而牽連鬢腳，號日連胡格，皆忌；多者宜拔之，使少硬免迍遭，少者直求之，欲多似難，強至鎖喉縮頸，無非晚境貧寒也；如五縷清奇，亦是人間貴相也。

People with the wood shape will have white whiskers even if they haven't dyed them, and they will surely suffer illness, due to the metal overcoming wood. Wood-shaped people with red whiskers, without dyeing, will face calamity immediately. Red-faced wood-shaped people are prone to illness, or may go mad, bleed, or get sores. People with the metal shape who have red faces and white whiskers are likely to face legal troubles and financial loss. Those with the metal shape who have dark faces and yellow whiskers will also suffer financial loss and illness. If the whiskers shift from left to right, it indicates a man who fears his wife. If the whiskers split at the ends, it suggests someone with blocked fortune. Thick upper lip whiskers covering the mouth indicate blocked energy and constant dullness. Thick lower jaw whiskers covering the chin indicate heavy punishments and blocked fortune. Whiskers split into two like a swallow's tail indicate a bleak later life and heavy punishments and financial loss. Thick whiskers forming a single mass indicate confusion in middle age. Whiskers that are dull yellow and clumped together indicate internal heat and blood disorders. If the whiskers are bright and smooth, the body is healthy. Red face with red whiskers indicate legal troubles and great financial loss. Dry whiskers with a dull face indicate fire-related disasters and great damage to the family business. Thick whiskers with a black mole above the eyebrows indicate drowning. Yellow whiskers, yellow face, and red veins indicate death by fire. Soft and clear whiskers indicate a person who will enjoy official success or prosperity as a commoner. Thick and hard whiskers indicate a stubborn and ignorant nature. If the whiskers are few but hard, it is not a problem. Whiskers that are clear and thin like iron wire, though few and not flowing outward, are not feared even if hard. If the whiskers are many and reach the ears, called 'connected whiskers,' it is to be avoided. Those with many whiskers should pluck some to make them sparse and soft to avoid difficulties. Those with few whiskers cannot easily increase them. If the whiskers are hard enough to block the throat and the neck is drawn in, it indicates a poor later life. If one has five clear and unusual whiskers, it is a sign of high status in the world.

左右離七分處，號日月角，其位貼近乎輔角，故名角。太陽、中陽、少陽，取象於日火者，言其初起也；太，大也，大有光明之義也；中者，日之方中也；少者，將沒而尚存其陽也；三陰如之。年壽在鼻中，戊己位中嶽之處；有似於山，為山最壽，故稱年壽。

On both sides of the nose, seven parts away from the central line, are called the 'day angle' and 'moon angle', which are adjacent to the auxiliary angles, hence they also carry the character 'angle'. The terms 'sun', 'middle yang', and 'minor yang' are derived from the image of the sun's fire, describing the process of the initial emergence of yang energy: 'too' means great, implying great brightness; 'middle' refers to the sun at its zenith; 'minor' refers to the sun about to set but with yang energy still present. The corresponding 'three yin' (great yin, middle yin, minor yin) have similar meanings. 'Year longevity' is located in the middle section of the nose, belonging to the earth element of wu and ji, situated at the central mountain position; this section is elevated like a mountain, which is the most enduring, hence it is called 'year longevity'.

準頭準者，頭標準者首也，最尊之號，有似於皇焉。中停為人鼻，擬為皇，左號諫臺，文官也，若御史焉；右號廷蔚，武官也，若侍衛焉；左右夾準直有勢，故名之俗呼蘭臺，字有錯誤。山根居印堂，如山之來脈，上接南嶽，下接中嶽，故謂之山根。

"Zhun tou" refers to the nose tip: "Zhun" means standard, and "tou" means leader, which is the most honorable title, like that of a human emperor. The middle part is dominated by the nose, symbolizing the emperor; the left wing of the nose is called "Jian Tai," representing civil officials, like the imperial censor; the right wing is called "Ting Wei," representing military officials, like the palace guards. The left and right wings guard the nose tip, standing straight and powerful, hence these official names; commonly, they are both called "Lan Tai," which is a misused term. "Shan gen" is located below the "Yin Tang," resembling the mountain's coming and going, connecting above to the southern mountain (forehead) and below to the central mountain (nose), hence it is called "Shan gen."

人中在唇上之溝洫處，人生到此一大關隘，壽年、財帛、子嗣皆慮此而沖，故曰人沖，俗呼人中，字有錯誤。附耳在兩耳珠旁，故稱附耳，俗稱虎耳，蓋因字音有相誤耳。水星在唇上之珠處，口屬水，為之水珠似星，謂之星。承漿在下唇之凹處，故能承漿，若地閣之凹處，則非也。

"The person's 'renzhong' is located in the central groove on the upper lip, which is a major passage in life: longevity, wealth, and descendants all depend on this area. Therefore, it is officially called 'renchong,' but commonly referred to as 'renzhong,' which is a misnomer. 'Fù' is found beside the earlobes, as it is attached to the ear, hence the name 'fù'; the common term 'hǔ' is a mishearing of the pronunciation. 'Shuixing' is the round protrusion in the center of the upper lip, resembling a star, as the mouth belongs to water. 'Chengjiang' is the depression below the lower lip, where it can properly receive the liquid flowing from the mouth; if one mistakenly takes the depression on the chin as 'chengjiang,' that would be incorrect."

歸來是在顴骨之下，腮骨、地閣骨，各轉拗處；取其歸來朝中嶽之義也，地閣不朝則不成。訟堂在地閣之凹處，取其口角搖動，彼亦從而動之，如人好訟之義也。坡池、鵝鴨在兩頤凹處，故謂之坡池；凹中求凹，故謂之鵝鴨；如池中有鵝鴨，浮起是為有氣，失此則為無氣；非左坡而順鵝鴨也。

"Guilai" is located beneath the cheekbones and at the inner corners where the jawbone turns inward; it takes the meaning of being surrounded by four sides and converging toward the central peak (the nose). If the jaw does not curve upward to embrace the central peak, this feature is not formed. "Songtang" is located in the indentation of the chin, taking the meaning that when the corners of the mouth move, this area also moves, resembling the idea of someone who likes to quarrel and talk a lot. "Pochi" and "Eya" are found in the indentations on both sides of the cheeks: the indentation is like a pool, hence called "Poche"; within this indentation, if there is another smaller indentation, it is called "Eya." It is like having geese and ducks floating in a pool; a slight protrusion here indicates vitality, while the absence of this protrusion indicates a lack of vitality. It is not the case that the left side is called "Poche" and the right side is called "Eya."

金縷在法令旁，小紋形如金縷是也。法令在準旁，從諫臺廷尉位出者，有如法制禁令焉，故名之；為官者，宜法令深長也。奴僕在地閣之旁，懸壁位是也；奴僕位居至下，故以地閣旁名之，懸壁不豐，地閣不朝則不成。

"The 'Golden Thread' appears beside the法令纹, resembling a fine golden thread. The 'Law and Order'纹 is located on either side of the nose, starting from the谏台 and廷尉 (the sides of the nose), extending downward, resembling the country's legal regulations and prohibitions, hence the name. Officials are favorable when this纹 is deep and long. The 'Servant'纹 is located on both sides of the chin, at the position called 'Suspended Wall'; since servants have the lowest status, this area is named accordingly. If the Suspended Wall is not full and the chin does not curve upward to embrace it, this area does not form a good pattern."

顴居鼻旁，即左右東西兩嶽是也；直起宜有肉，有此為有顴；故謂之權者，權也；家運現乎此焉。仙輔在人沖旁，人沖者，人憂此而行沖運；仙輔居兩旁，謂有仙輔之不慮其能沖也；若人沖不深，則仙輔不成；食祿倉在口角上際微凸處，食祿從此入，故謂之食祿倉。地庫在地閣上旁，即頌堂上之左右位也；其位微豐圓有氣，故稱庫地閣，故謂之地庫。

The "quán" is located on both sides of the nose, corresponding to the eastern and western mountains among the five peaks; it should be straight and prominent with flesh surrounding it, which is considered having a good "quán." The term "quán" is derived from the word for authority, indicating that the family's fortune is reflected here. The "xiān fǔ" is located on both sides of the human middle (renzhong), a part people are worried about when encountering this type of fate; having "xiān fǔ" on both sides suggests that divine beings are assisting, so there is no need to fear this fate. If the human middle is not deep, then the "xiān fǔ" will not form a proper pattern. The "shí lù cāng" is located slightly above the corners of the mouth, where food and俸禄 enter, hence the name "shí lù cāng." The "dì kù" is located on both sides above the lower jaw, corresponding to the left and right of the litigation hall; this area should be slightly full and round with vitality, serving as a storage place, hence called "dì kù."

觀相之法，如觀風水；風水要尋龍審穴，裁砂剪水之法；相亦如之。相分三停：上為天，下為地，中為人是三大局法；上穴之法，居中正以頭頂為來龍，以日月角兩附角為夾護，山林冢墓邱陵為外纏，以枕骨為後樂，以金木兩耳為遠纏，以印堂為案，以準頭為朝；故相得額佳者，必要山林、冢墓、輔粥、兩耳，件件照應者佳；少有一件不足，則所發不大，如額多紋筋，黑子陷磯者都不妥。

The method of face reading is similar to the method of feng shui: feng shui involves searching for dragon veins, examining the site, and controlling the surrounding hills and water; face reading is also the same. Face reading is divided into three parts: the upper part represents heaven, the lower part represents earth, and the middle part represents human, which is the division of the three major sections. The upper part is examined as follows: the site should be in the central and upright position, with the top of the head as the dragon vein, the sun angle and moon angle as the left and right protection, hills, forests, tombs, and hills as the surrounding protection, the back of the head as the support, the two ears (Jin Xing and Mu Xing) as the distant protection, the imprint hall as the case mountain, and the nose tip as the facing mountain. Therefore, a good forehead appearance must have all the hills, forests, tombs, auxiliary bones, and two ears properly corresponding; if any one of them is missing, the result will not be significant. For example, if there are many blue veins, black spots, or depressions on the forehead, it is not appropriate.

中停以鼻樑為穴，山根為來龍過脈，以顴為夾耳，以準頭為元唇，以頭為後樂，以地閣為朝，故鼻樑宜豐隆色鮮，顴宜正輔，倘無為則鼻為孤峰；山根低則來脈弱，鼻樑短則氣勢薄，亦不大發也；沖破淚堂為砂飛水走，井為薄露為元神傾瀉，亦不發也；倘鼻小而兩顴佐得其情。亦主小發。

The nose ridge serves as the field for the spirit point, the mountain root acts as the incoming dragon line passing over, the two cheekbones form the left and right ear flanking hills, the tip of the nose represents the lip mat in front of the spirit point, the top of the head serves as the supporting back, and the lower jaw acts as the facing mountain. Therefore, the nose ridge should be full and prominent, with bright color. The two cheekbones should be upright and supportive. If the cheekbones are weak, the nose becomes a solitary peak. A low mountain root indicates a weak incoming dragon line, a short nose ridge suggests a thin energy, and thus the fortune is not great. If the tear hall is broken, it is like sand flying and water running away; thin and sharp cheekbones and exposed nostrils indicate the origin god is leaking out, which also fails to bring fortune. If the nose is small but the cheekbones support it properly, it can still indicate a small fortune.

下停以水星為穴，以鼻為來龍，以人中為過峽，以兩顴骨為輸粥夾耳。以地閣為案，以承漿為天池；故口角宜仰，地閣直朝，地庫宜豐，頤百宜圓，波池鵝鴨宜凹中見凸是為有氣有結，倘口反地閣不朝；鬚困口、須鎖喉．則不發也。至如看眼看耳，宜其氣之包裡不洩是佳；倘眼露與眼深，耳反、耳低、耳黑，俱為失氣也。

The mouth should be formed with the water star, the nose serves as the incoming dragon, the human middle part represents the narrow section where the dragon pulse is constricted, the two cheekbones act as the ear sands for transportation and protection, the lower jaw serves as the case mountain, and the Chengjiang point forms the sky pool in front of the site. Therefore, the corners of the mouth should be upward, the lower jaw should be upright and facing forward, the earth warehouse should be full, and the two cheeks should be round and smooth. The wave pool and the ge ya points should be in a concave shape but with a slight convexity, which indicates the presence of energy and the possibility of a site formation. If the corners of the mouth are downward, the lower jaw does not face forward, the mustache encircles the mouth and restricts the throat, then it will not produce good results. As for looking at the eyes and ears, it is best if the energy is contained and does not leak out. If the eyeballs are exposed or the eye sockets are deep, the ear rim is outward, the ear position is low, and the ear color is black, these are all signs of losing energy.

凡相有肥瘦、先後之不同，惟一掌定在先天，老少不能移易；故求形必須求掌，乃為真種子，倘以相上之肥瘦，定人差之遠矣；況金木水火土五行，俱有肥瘦；如金形則若石，石有大小堅輕之石；木則若樹，樹有清秀凝油濁之殊；火則有太陽燈燭之分；水則有江河溝洫之別；土則有泰山邱垤之形；何以肥瘦定人豈不錯哉；至於無氣格者，其相不足道矣。

All human appearances vary in fatness and thinness, and they may change over time; however, the palms of the hands are determined at birth and remain unchanged from childhood to old age. Therefore, to determine a person's form and structure, one must first examine the palms, for they are the true foundation; if one judges a person solely based on facial fatness or thinness, the judgment will be far off. Moreover, the five elemental structures of metal, wood, water, fire, and earth each have both fat and thin types: the metal form is like stone, which can be large or small, firm or loose; the wood form is like trees, which can be elegant or oily and dirty; the fire form differs between the sun's fire and the candle's fire; the water form differs between rivers and ditches; and the earth form differs between Mount Tai and a small hill. To judge people solely by fatness or thinness would surely lead to errors. As for those fundamental structures that have no vital energy, such appearances are not worth mentioning at all.

雲谷子曰：形局無論相生相剋，均有吉凶；人之形局，譬如六十花甲，俱有生克可取之理。如甲子日生是水生木固佳，如乙丑日生是木克土，此日何嘗不佳？豈木克土之日俱不以吉論乎！所以，人之相亦如甲子配乎天地支五行者；至以相上部位吉凶，則如日子上之十二時，有吉有凶也；以此推斷，庶無礙理，但此止為知者道，難與俗人言也。

Yun Guzi said: Whether the form and structure are mutually generating or mutually controlling, each has its own good and bad aspects. A person's form and structure is like the sixty Jiazi cycles, where both generation and control have their own reasonable aspects. For example, someone born on a Jiazi day, where water generates wood, is certainly good; someone born on a Yichou day, where wood controls earth, is also not necessarily bad. So why can't days when wood controls earth be considered auspicious? Therefore, a person's appearance is like Jiazi, the combination of heavenly stems, earthly branches, and the Five Phases. As for the auspicious and inauspicious aspects of different parts of the face, they are like the twelve hours of a day, with both good and bad. Only by reasoning in this way can the argument be roughly reasonable. However, this statement is only suitable for those who understand the subject, and it is difficult to explain clearly to ordinary people.

木形掌瘦，指長紋多：如面紅是帶火，額高、面長、鼻長如木火通明之格；如頭圓面略小方是帶金，面色白亦帶金；如面黑、唇紅、紋深、身黑、毛光黑是帶水；如頭平、鼻豐、掌厚、身胖、面青黃是帶土。土形掌方厚，指方短：如頭平、地閣方、鼻大、身胖、肉實不露筋骨是土之正格也；如面紅、是帶火，頭尖亦然；如面青瘦是帶木；如面圓色白是帶金；都面上臃腫，色黑是帶水。

The hands of a person with a wood shape are thin and the fingers are long with many palm lines. If their face is red, it indicates wood with fire. A high forehead, long face, and long nose indicate the pattern of "wood and fire shining through." If the head is round and the face is slightly square, it indicates the presence of metal. A pale complexion also indicates metal. If the face is black, the lips are red, the palm lines are deep, the skin is black, and the hair is dark and lustrous, it indicates the presence of water. If the head is flat, the nose is full, the palms are thick, the body is fat, and the complexion is greenish-yellow, it indicates the presence of earth. The hands of a person with an earth shape are square and thick, with short and square fingers. If the head is flat, the chin is square, the nose is large, the body is fat, and the muscles are firm without showing bones, this is the correct pattern of earth. A red complexion indicates fire, and a pointed head also indicates fire. A pale complexion with a thin and wiry appearance indicates wood. A round face with a white complexion indicates metal. If the entire face is swollen and the complexion is dark, it indicates water.

金形掌圓厚，指節圓，掌色潤：如頭圓、面微方、色白合格也；如面紅是帶火；如面黑是帶水；如面黃是帶土；如面瘦青是帶木。火形掌瘦，指尖露筋骨，掌疏：如面赤微寒，髮焦眼赤全火也；如面青是帶木；如頭骨太重是帶金；如面方厚黃色是帶土；如面白而圓是帶金。水形掌肉浮脹，軟滑節不露，微露筋，指短而圓：如面浮脹，身肉浮胖而黑，眼露沈濁，正格也；如面紅是帶火；如面白是帶金；如面黃是帶土；如面瘦小多鬢、眉、髮是帶木。

The hands of a person with the Metal form are round and thick, with rounded finger joints and a moist and nourished palm. If the head is round, the face is slightly square, and the skin is white, then this is the correct form of Metal. If the face is red, it is combined with Fire; if black, it is combined with Water; if yellow, it is combined with Earth; if the face is thin and the complexion is green, it is combined with Wood. The hands of a person with the Fire form are thin, with sharp and exposed finger bones and sparse palm lines. If the face is red and slightly cold, the hair is dry and withered, and the eyes are red, then this is the pure form of Fire. If the face is green, it is combined with Wood; if the skull is overly thick and heavy, it is combined with Metal; if the face is square and thick with a yellow complexion, it is combined with Earth; if the face is white and round, it is also combined with Metal. The hands of a person with the Water form are soft and swollen, with a smooth and oily texture, rounded finger joints that are not prominent, slightly exposed tendons, and short, round fingers. If the face is swollen, the body is weak and fat, the complexion is black, and the eyes are outward-looking and dull, then this is the correct form of Water. If the face is red, it is combined with Fire; if white, it is combined with Metal; if yellow, it is combined with Earth; if the face is thin and small with a lot of hair on the eyebrows, eyebrows, and head, then it is combined with Wood.

金形：頭圓面圓耳又白，齒白唇紅身不黑，骨肉調勻鬚髮疏，腹圓背厚聲清拍；掌平方厚為起骨，胸平有肉肥合格，行動身體不輕浮，便是金形露貴格。木形：掌瘦指長頸又長，鼻長身瘦腰又窄，眉疏鬚疏髮又疏，聲清現喉青合格；行動飄逸身仍定，耳白唇紅又高額，便是木形富貴人，兩眼有神分黑白。

The person of the Metal form has a round head and face, white and clean ears; white teeth, red lips, and skin not dark; the bones and flesh are well proportioned, the hair is sparse and neat; the abdomen is round and full, the back is thick and solid, and the voice is clear and resonant like a knock. The palms are flat, square, thick, and the joints are prominent; the chest is broad and full, with flesh and a moderate plumpness; when moving, the body is steady and not light or frivolous—this is the pattern of a Metal form person who is prosperous and noble. The person of the Wood form has thin hands, long fingers, and a long neck; a long nose, thin body, and narrow waist; sparse eyebrows, sparse beard, and sparse hair; a clear and resonant voice, slightly visible Adam's apple, and a slightly greenish face to be considered qualified. When moving, the figure is graceful yet stable; white ears, red lips, and a high forehead—this is the pattern of a Wood form person who is prosperous and noble; further enhanced by bright eyes with clear and distinct black and white pupils.

水形：肉多浮腫腹低垂，眉濁髮濃眼神露，聲多痰滯音不響，唇多口大殿多骨；頸多皺肉行難穩，指短肉多掌闊摸，此是水形人似也，細看神強富貴夫。火形：頭尖肉紅性又急，髮焦鬚黃鼻露骨，顴尖骨露眼睛紅，眉上欠毛胸又突；掌尖大薄又露筋，行動身搖耳尖拂，聲焦聲破額孤高，唇超露齒火形實。土形：頭平頂正鼻頭豐，地閣朝元方正宗，枕骨平橫面黃赤，背腰平厚腹垂洪；頸短掌方足背厚，聲沉耳厚髮眉濃，眼長顴起面字，五嶽朝相富貴公。

Water-type people have a lot of flesh and it appears swollen and hollow, with a low hanging abdomen; their eyebrows are dark and dirty, their hair is thick, and their eyes are prominent; their voices are often muffled and not clear; their lips are thick and their mouths are large, with a prominent back of the head. They have many folds on their neck and walk unsteadily; their fingers are short and fleshy, and their palms are wide and soft. This is the appearance of a water-type person; upon closer inspection, those with strong spirit are still wealthy and noble. Fire-type people have a pointed head, red skin, and a quick-tempered nature; their hair is dry and withered, their beard is yellow, and their nose is prominent. Their cheekbones are sharp and prominent, their joints are exposed, and their eyes are red; their eyebrows lack hair, and their chest is protruding forward. Their palms are long, thin, and exposed of tendons; they move with a swaying body, their ears are pointed forward, and their voices are hoarse and broken. Their foreheads are high and isolated, and their lips curl upward revealing teeth. This is the true appearance of a fire-type person. Earth-type people have a flat and even head, a thick and full nose; their chin is upturned and rounded, and squareness is their characteristic; their occipital bone is flat and wide, their face is yellowish with a reddish tinge; their back and waist are flat and thick, and their abdomen is full and hanging down. Their neck is short, their palms are square, and their foot arches are thick; their voices are steady, their ears are thick, and their hair, eyebrows, and beard are thick; their eyes are long, their cheekbones are prominent, and their face is square like the character '田' (field), with the five mountains converging, which is the appearance of a noble official.

何知此人病在心？兩眉鎖皺山根細，氣色青黑暗三陽，心痛心憂愁鬱際。何知此人病在肝？兩眼睛紅頸筋粗，氣色乾燥金傷木，定然束怒氣嘈嘈。何知此人病在脾？滿面青黃瘦不支，神衰唇白難運食，成溼成痰定必宜。何知此人病在肺？顴紅肺火顴黑寒，血咳吐血殊哮喘，寒熱兩關顴上看。

How do you know that a person's illness is in the heart? The eyebrows are tightly furrowed and the root of the nose is weak and thin; the area between the three yang (the eyes and under the eyes) has a dark, dull, and bluish-black color — this is the appearance when one suffers from heart pain, worry, or depression. How do you know that a person's illness is in the liver? The eyes are red, and the neck veins are swollen and prominent; the complexion is dry — this indicates that the metal element has injured the wood element. The person must often be filled with anger and talk a lot. How do you know that a person's illness is in the spleen? The face is pale and yellow, and the person is thin and weak; the spirit is weak, the lips are pale, and the person has difficulty digesting food — this indicates the presence of dampness and phlegm. How do you know that a person's illness is in the lungs? Redness on the cheekbones indicates lung fire, while blackness indicates lung cold; coughing up blood, vomiting blood, and asthma each have their own characteristics; whether it is cold or hot is determined by the color of the cheeks.

何知此人病在腎？耳黑額黑面烏暗，補水制火節慾心，眼睛昏暗房勞禁。何知此人盅脹亡？山根低小面黑黃，縱有病人面略白，眼深鼻斷象孤寒。何知此人手足傷？山根一斷氣難揚，腎虧筋弱殊火爍，跌撲傷病鼻骨殃。何知此人夾色病？兩眼昏暗神不清，兩眉粗壓目蒙昧，夾色傷寒陽縮驚。

How do you know that a person's illness is in the kidneys? If the ears and forehead are dark in color, and the whole face is dark and dull, then the treatment should focus on nourishing water to control fire, and also restrain sexual desires. For those with dim eyesight, especially, sexual activity should be completely avoided. How do you know that a person has died from Gu swelling (ascites and abdominal distension) (ascites and abdominal distension)? The mountain root is low and small, and the face is black and yellow. Even if some patients have a slightly pale complexion, they will show signs such as sunken eye sockets and broken nasal bridge, indicating a severe deficiency of yang energy. How do you know that a person has suffered hand and foot injuries? If the mountain root is broken, then the qi cannot rise. This is due to kidney deficiency and weak tendons, which is different from the condition of fire scorching the tendons and bones. The danger of falls and bruises is indicated by the nasal bone. How do you know that a person has contracted the disease of Jia-se (contracted after sexual activity) (a condition resulting from exposure to cold wind after sexual activity)? If both eyes are dim and the spirit is unclear, with thick eyebrows pressing on the eyes and dim eyesight, this is precisely the condition of Jia-se typhoid (typhoid contracted after sexual activity), where the penis becomes retracted, indicating a dangerous situation.

何知此人主長寒？面有垢神色暗黃，黑是寒兼黃是熱，有痰宜辨眼睛黃。何知此人主狂痰？眼突睛黃下白現，殺重性剛主狂顛，痰生肺火胸中戰。何知此人遺精症？皮色青黃色木榮，有時紅豔如脂抹，相火虛痰亦洩精。何知此人痛心病？頭低眉皺山根青，兼印多紋抑鬱重，精舍暗黑痛難勝。

How do you know that a person has a constitution prone to cold? His face appears covered with a layer of dullness, and his complexion is dark yellow. Black indicates cold, while yellow indicates heat; when both are present, it suggests an imbalance. To determine if he has phlegm, observe whether his eyes are yellow. How do you know that a person is about to experience a fit of mania? His eyes protrude, his sclera is yellow, and the lower part of the white of his eye is visible. Those with strong aggressive energy and a stubborn temperament are prone to mania, which is caused by phlegm generated from lung fire and accumulating in the chest. How do you know that a person has seminal emission? His skin is bluish-yellow and lacks luster; sometimes his cheeks are red as if painted with rouge. This indicates excessive fire in the liver, with false phlegm disturbing the lower energizers, leading to seminal leakage. How do you know that a person has heart pain? He lowers his head, frowns, and his mountain root (the area between the eyebrows) is dark blue. Additionally, if the area of the forehead (the imprint area) has many lines, it indicates excessive depression. If the eye sockets (the area around the eyes) are dark and the pain is unbearable, it suggests heart pain.

何知此人火爍金？顴紅血壯髮鬚少，露筋露骨齒牙頹，定知火盛筋骨燒。何知此人主長寒？鬚濃困口不分清，黑更須防餐飯少，老來噎食定優驚。何知此人必吐血？山粗露骨瘦且小，面青骨赤血必防，縱然不吐瘡衄照。何知此人必癆症？面皮網鼓眼神急，人瘦氣短性操兼，鼻劍背薄頤尖齦（齦者露牙上肉也）。

How do you know that a person has excessive heart fire scorching the lung metal? The cheekbones are red, the blood and qi are strong but the hair is sparse; the bones and tendons are exposed, and the teeth are decayed—this indicates excessive fire, which burns the bones and tendons. How do you know that a person is constitutionally cold and weak? The beard is thick and surrounds the mouth, making the boundary unclear; if the beard is black, one should be cautious of a reduced appetite, and in old age, he will surely suffer from choking, causing worry and alarm. How do you know that a person will definitely bleed? The mountain root is rough and exposed, and the person is thin and small; the face is bluish and the bones show a reddish color, so one must be cautious of blood disorders; even if he does not bleed, he will still suffer from sores or nosebleeds. How do you know that a person will certainly get tuberculosis? The face is tight like a drum covered with a net, and the eyes are restless; the person is thin, short of breath, and has an irritable temper; the nose bridge is thin like a sword's spine, the back is frail, and the cheeks are sharp with the gums exposed. (Original note: Gums refer to the flesh above the teeth.)

何知此人失血來？面皮背黃色不榮，鬚紅鬚赤髮早脫，此時失血乃成形。何知此人熱嘔血？額黑耳暗面皮焦，唇裂紫黑驗如此，面上無光定不調。何知此人糞後紅？年壽之間有暗烏，定然食燥則生血，痔血便血作常遭。何知此人腎水虧？眼下陰陽有暗烏，必是少年多縱慾，眼深暗黑又乾枯。

How do you know that a person is losing blood? The skin and back turn yellow without luster; the beard appears red and hot, and the hair falls out early—by this time, the symptoms of blood loss have taken shape. How do you know that a person with a heat condition is vomiting blood? The forehead is black, the ears are dark and dull, and the skin is dry and withered; the lips are cracked and purple-black, and this is confirmed by observation; the face lacks luster, indicating a definite disorder of qi and blood. How do you know that a person is bleeding after defecation? There is a dark, dusky color between the nose bridge—this indicates that the person must have consumed something hot and dry, leading to bleeding; hemorrhoids and bleeding during defecation are common occurrences. How do you know that a person has kidney water deficiency? There is a dark, dusky color on both sides of the eyes—this indicates excessive indulgence in sexual activity in youth; combined with sunken eye sockets, dark and dry appearance, it confirms the diagnosis further.

何知此人發哮喘？兩顴暗黑多烏點，此是肺寒實無疑，唇黑兼之檢自宜。何知此人多衄血？鼻樑光焰似火形，瘡疾須防前後見，蕩疼疔疥一齊成。何知此人多盜汗？面白唇青髮淡黃，脾弱肝虛神不壯，總官壯胃補牌方。何知此人手足震？皆因末指屈難仲，血不榮筋方有此，老來氣疾占其身。

How do you know that a person is prone to asthma? The cheeks are dark and have many dark spots—this is definitely a sign of cold in the lungs; if the lips are also dark, then this diagnosis is even more certain. How do you know that a person often bleeds from the nose? The bridge of the nose has a fiery glow; also be cautious of sores appearing in front or behind, as pain, carbuncles, and scabies may all occur together. How do you know that a person has night sweats? The face is pale, the lips are blue, and the hair is light yellow; this indicates a weak spleen and a deficient liver, with a weak spirit, and the treatment should always focus on strengthening the stomach and spleen. How do you know that a person's hands and feet tremble? It is because the little finger is bent and difficult to extend; this is a condition caused by the blood failing to nourish the tendons and muscles, and in old age, the person will be plagued by symptoms related to the qi aspect.

何知此人痰必多？眼下浮胞自帶黃，肉脹痰凝氣不運，乃從此位認真妝。何知此人氣不足？面皮淡白無榮色，或浮或腫或削瘦，總是氣弱為真的。何知此人多熱病？面紅髮焦火生燥，唇爛口瘡亦多逢，皮膚血熱或兼到。何知此人陰份虧？面青面黑皮乾枯，唇黑肉削眼昏暗，定是陰虛命必無。

How do you know that a person has a lot of phlegm? The eyelids are swollen and have a yellowish tinge; this indicates muscle swelling, phlegm stagnation, and poor circulation of qi. You should carefully observe this area. How do you know that a person has insufficient qi? The skin is pale and lacks luster; it may be swollen, puffed up, or emaciated—this is always due to weak qi, and this is the most accurate sign. How do you know that a person has excessive heat illness? The face is red, the hair is dry and brittle, and there is excessive fire and dryness; the lips may be ulcerated, and sores may appear in the mouth; sometimes symptoms of blood heat in the skin also appear. How do you know that a person has a deficiency in yin? The face is bluish or blackish, the skin is dry and withered; the lips are black, the muscles are reduced, and the eyes are dim—this definitely indicates yin deficiency, and the life is in danger.

何知此人生瘰為？人瘦筋露面黑赤，髮眉暗濁山根小，肝鬱或形身病的。何知此人陽不起？滿面暗黑如煙蔽，三陽枯陷眼無光，綜是陽縮腎病發。何知此人身將死？命門口汞井窀烏，兩目直視無轉側，應知不久即嗚呼。何知此人死復生？滿身病重眼神清，觀視玲瓏一點照，三陽遠透耳光榮。

How do you know that a person will develop a neck abscess? The person is thin with exposed tendons, and the face has a blackish red color; the beard, eyebrows, and hair are dark and dull, and the area between the eyebrows is narrow — this indicates liver qi stagnation, or an existing physical illness. How do you know that a person's sexual function is impaired? The face is dark and looks as if smoked; the three yang areas (eyes and beneath the eyes) are dry and sunken, and the eyes lack luster — this is due to atrophy of the genital organs and kidney disease. How do you know that a person is about to die? The area around the lower back, mouth, upper lip, and chin turns dark; the eyes are fixed and cannot move — this indicates that death is imminent. How do you know that a person, though seriously ill, can recover from death? Although the body is full of severe illness, the eyes are clear; the gaze is bright and has a little light; the color of the three yang areas is clearly visible, and even the ears appear bright and lustrous.

何知此人身將病？山根烏暗身災現，倘有鳥鵲集大庭，準頭暗黑命將遺。何知婦人經不調？眉毛紛亂認其端，束熱定然顴額赤，虛寒唇白面青凝。何知婦人遺白帶？黃白無光面是真，或成崩漏皆無肉，浮氣虛癆則贏身。何知小兒多驚險？耳根青暗頭筋現，兩耳不重失氣形，無風波浪急如箭。何知此人多瘡疥？頭骨過重肉不稱，陽為頭骨火必多，瘡疥依然生列宿。

How can one know that a person is about to fall ill? If the mountain root area is dark and gloomy, signs of bodily calamity are already present; if there are dark spots on the forehead (the heavenly palace) like a flock of crows, and the nose is dark and black, then life is in danger. How can one know if a woman has irregular menstruation? One can tell from the disorder of her eyebrows; if it is due to depression and heat, the cheekbones and forehead will definitely turn red; if it is due to deficiency and cold, the lips will be pale and the face will appear bluish and dull. How can one know if a woman has leukorrhea? If her face is yellowish and pale without luster, this is the most accurate sign; if it turns into excessive bleeding, her face will lose flesh; if it is due to a combination of floating deficiency and weakness, she will become thin and frail. How can one know if a child is often in danger? If the ear roots are dark and gloomy, and the veins on the head are visible; if the ears are not thick and lack vitality and shape, then there will be trouble without any wind, sudden and urgent like an arrow flying. How can one know if a person is prone to sores and scabies? If the skull is overly thick and the muscles are not in proportion; since bone belongs to yang, a heavy skull indicates excessive fire, and sores and scabies will appear one after another.

腎虧眼肚黑，肺熱準頭紅，肝盛雙眉赤，寒喘兩顴烏，多風籃眼白。痰溼眼中黃，多痰眼肚腫，寒胃口唇青，腎絕耳黑槁，溼盛面皮黃。肝燥皮毛燥，血熱眼顴紅，夾色眼昏暗，足傷月孛沈，尖血烏年壽。遺洩面青黃，氣虛面黃腫，多許唇面青，痛甚眉心皺，面黑月字青。忽病忙何急，面紅又鬚紅，額烏宜補水，唇白忽嘗寒，顴赤宜清肺。

People with kidney deficiency have dark under-eye circles; those with lung heat have a red nose; those with excessive liver fire have red eyebrows; those with cold asthma have dark cheeks; those with wind syndrome have blue whites of the eyes. Those with phlegm-damp have yellowish eyes; those with excessive phlegm have swollen under-eye bags; those with cold stomach have blue lips; those with near kidney failure have black and withered ears; those with excessive dampness have a yellow face. Those with dry liver have dry skin and hair; those with blood heat have red eyes and cheeks; those with jaundice have dim eyes; those with foot injuries have a dark area between the eyebrows; those with bleeding conditions have dark year-long life mark. Those with seminal emission have a greenish-yellow face; those with qi deficiency have a yellow and swollen face; those who talk a lot and consume qi have blue lips and face; those with severe pain have furrowed eyebrows; those with a black face have a dark area between the eyebrows. Those who suddenly fall ill and are anxious have red face and red mustache; those with dark forehead should nourish kidney water; those with pale lips have suddenly caught cold; those with red cheekbones should clear lung fire.

肥盛要除痰，瘦人肝火盛，贏弱虛氣防，困喉鬚噎食，血燥鬚疵紅。洩漏面黃白，腹痛白面唇，面黑藍防盅，眼仰突防狂，人瘦面筋現。似鶴狀成癆，面藍青鬼昧，絕胃口門藍，服毒白人口，鼻暗身將亡。痰盛面光亮，氣急瘦癆亡。貧寒無子福為一極；身胖無聲為二極，無子息兒孫後福；足腫無肉為三極，無子息福，老貧；面大頤小為四極，少貧終賤；胸脹肚削為五極，無晚福，貧寒；頭大頸小為六極，貧而夭，無結果。

Fat and strong people should be treated for phlegm; thin people are often prone to liver fire; weak and frail people should be careful of qi deficiency. Those whose beard is locked around the throat are likely to suffer from choking; those with dry heat in the blood have red and blemished beards. Those with diarrhea and slipping symptoms have a yellowish and pale complexion; those with abdominal pain have pale face and lips; those with a bluish-black complexion should be cautious of ascites; those with eyes rolling up and protruding should be cautious of mania; those who are thin with exposed blue veins on the face and look like cranes are likely to develop tuberculosis. A bluish and purplish complexion indicates ghostly dullness; those whose mouth turns blue are near death due to dying stomach qi; those who have white vapor entering the mouth have taken poison; those with dark stagnation on the nose are near death. Those with excessive phlegm have an oily and shiny face; those who are short of breath and thin die from tuberculosis. There are also six extremes: the first extreme is poverty, no children, and no fortune; the second extreme is being fat but speaking inaudibly, indicating no children and no blessings from descendants; the third extreme is swollen feet with no flesh, indicating no children, no fortune, and poverty in old age; the fourth extreme is a large face with small cheeks, indicating poverty in youth and low status throughout life; the fifth extreme is a swollen chest and a thin abdomen, indicating no fortune in old age and lifelong poverty; the sixth extreme is a large head and a thin neck, indicating poverty and short life, and no success in endeavors.

腳長於身為一惡，下停是也；眼突眼紅為二惡，雙輪噴火，或筋紅貫。筋如火，聲焦而散；髮臭聲嘶力三惡，面大鼻小為四惡，髮如鐵絲為醜惡；多密色枯，須連燕尾皆然；頭傾過步為六惡，謂伏面頭低，行動頭過步也。

The legs are longer than the upper body, which is the first evil — referring to the lower part being too long. The eyes are prominent and red, which is the second evil: the eyeballs appear like two fire wheels emitting flames, or there are red threads running through the eyes, and the red veins look like fire. The voice is dry and hoarse. The hair has a foul smell and the voice is weak and hoarse, which is the third evil. A large face with a small nose is the fourth evil. The hair is hard like iron wire, which is the fifth evil (the original text says 'ugly'): the hair is thick and dense with a dry and dull color, and the beard forms a swallow's tail shape, all fall into this category. The head leans forward, and the head moves before the feet, which is the sixth evil: referring to looking down and lowering the head, walking with the head ahead of the steps.

顴為兩嶽，所以佐土星而行運也；無顴中運不發，縱有鼻亦為無輔，必須兩顴中聳有肉也。骨鼻有樑柱豐隆，準竅不露，準頭有肉，便是得配；忌露骨忌破，忌尖忌反，忌腫臃忌下，忌黑忌纏，忌邊高邊低，淚堂流破。

The two cheekbones correspond to the eastern and western mountains among the five mountains, and their function is to assist the planet of earth (the nose) in governing one's fortune. If there are no cheekbones, then the fortune in middle age will not be established; even if the nose is well formed, it is considered to lack support. It is necessary for the two cheekbones to be centrally elevated and covered with flesh. Furthermore, if the nose bridge is solid and the nose is full and elevated, and the nostrils are not exposed, and the tip of the nose has flesh, then this is called being properly matched. The cheekbones should avoid being exposed, broken, sharp, or inverted; they should also avoid being swollen or drooping, having a dark color, or having markings wrapped around them. They should also avoid being uneven in height, and the tear hall should not be eroded or damaged.

顴高則作事有權，顴低則作事游移；無肉包則乖戾，有肉包則公正；太露主刑沖，帶破主壽夭；反則強悍，暗則刑劫；露骨則好勇為非，凹下則無權，偏則性情不定，橫則行為乖張，此相顴之大略也。顴之氣從命門來，如鬢門閉命門，顴必瀉肉，改命門位，肉必復生，然後準有輔佐，此秘傳口訣不可輕洩。

A person with high cheekbones has authority in doing things, while one with low cheekbones is indecisive. Those whose cheekbones are not covered with flesh tend to be perverse in nature, whereas those with flesh covering their cheekbones act justly. If the cheekbones are overly exposed, it indicates punishment and clash; if they are broken, it signifies a short life. If the cheekbones are outwardly prominent, the person is strong-willed and fierce; if they are dark in color, it indicates suffering from punishments and calamities. If the cheekbones are clearly visible, the person tends to be reckless, aggressive, and engages in wrongdoing. If the cheekbones are sunken, the person lacks authority. If they are slanted, the person is fickle in nature. If they are uneven or protruding, the person's behavior is erratic. This is the general principle of facial bone reading. The energy on the cheekbones comes from the life gate area (the region in front of the ears). If the hair at the temples blocks the life gate, the flesh on the cheekbones will necessarily sag. If this hair is adjusted to open up the life gate, the flesh will naturally regrow, allowing the nose to have support. This is a secret oral transmission, not to be easily disclosed.

頸為天柱，上承元首，下貫一身；宜分形局以定短長，以配肥瘦。瘦人宜長忌短、忌筋，肥人宜短忌長、忌筋；筋露性暴，喉露性急；色黑多賤，色白多貴；圓潤而富貴並享，瘦削而貧賤可虞；傾則壽絕，健則壽長；頸後無肉多貧賤，頸有餘皮則顯榮。瘦人頸短壽必寡，肥人頸長財亦傾；頭歪者為之頸無力，壽有可虞；頭正者為之頸有神，福定然永；頭小頸大壽宜防，頭大頸小壽不永；綢喉財必滯，如條命必長；過長者清貧高為，班雜者性鄙貧寒；此乃相頸之準繩，理之現然易見者也。

The neck is called "Tian Zhu" (Heavenly Pillar), connecting the head above and the body below. To assess the neck, one must first determine its shape and structure, then decide whether it should be long or short, and match it with the person's body type. A thin person should have a long neck, avoiding a short neck or exposed tendons; a fat person should have a short neck, avoiding a long neck or exposed tendons. Exposed neck tendons indicate a temperamental and impetuous nature, while an exposed Adam's apple suggests a quick-tempered disposition. A black neck often indicates a lower social status, while a white neck suggests higher status. A round and smooth neck signifies wealth and honor, while a thin and sharp neck suggests poverty and low status. A crooked neck indicates a short lifespan, while a firm neck suggests a long life. A neck with no flesh at the back often indicates poverty, while a neck with excess skin suggests potential for honor and success. A thin person with a short neck is likely to have a short lifespan; a fat person with a long neck will likely lose wealth. A person with a tilted head indicates weak neck strength and a worrying lifespan, while a person with a straight head indicates strong neck energy and a long, prosperous life. A small head with a thick neck warns of a short lifespan, while a large head with a thin neck suggests a short life. If the throat is twisted like silk, wealth will be blocked; if the neck is straight, life will be long. A very long neck indicates poverty but a noble character, while a neck with mixed colors suggests a mean nature and poverty. These are the criteria for judging the neck, and the principles are clear, easy to understand.

骨為陽，肉為陰，不可陽勝於陰；宜豐隆聳起，亦要肉包乃貴，倘孤露則俗而不貴也。骨之貴者多在頭上，從鼻上天中，名日天犀；從額上天中，名日伏犀；日月角為父母骨；虎角為龍虎骨；輔角橫人邱陵冢墓，為驛馬骨；從邱陵上項心過冢墓，為仙橋骨；從天中頂際分插左右山林，為金閡玉山骨；頂心有小骨挺起，名日玉環骨；頂上有圓骨若軟若硬，名日圓光骨；耳後有骨者，名日壽星骨；山林冢墓豐滿者，名日慕道骨；頂上高圓者，名日神佑骨；枕後有橫骨起者，名日玉枕骨；若彎上者，名日文曲骨；若三團者，名日品字骨；一團圓起者，名日金骨；孤露者，名日本節育；覆月樣者，名日金水骨。

The bones belong to the yang aspect, while the flesh belongs to the yin aspect; the yang should not overpower the yin. Bones should be full and prominent, but they must also be wrapped by flesh to be considered valuable. If the bones are isolated and exposed, it appears coarse and lacks value. Valuable bones are mostly found on the head: those running from the bridge of the nose straight up to the heavenly center are called "Heavenly Rhinoceros Bone"; those running from the forehead straight up to the heavenly center are called "Hidden Rhinoceros Bone"; the two areas on the sides of the nose, called "Parents' Bones"; those on the sides of the forehead resembling tiger horns are called "Dragon and Tiger Bones"; those crossing over the areas of hills and graves are called "Post Horse Bones"; those rising from the hills, passing through the top of the head, and then reaching the graves are called "Heavenly Bridge Bones"; those running from the heavenly center and branching out to the left and right hills are called "Golden Palace and Jade Mountains Bones"; a small bone rising prominently in the center of the head is called "Jade Ring Bone"; a round bone on the top of the head that feels soft yet firm when pressed is called "Round Light Bone"; a bone behind the ears is called "Longevity Star Bone"; full and rounded hills and graves are called "Devout Path Bone"; a high and round head is called "Divine Protection Bone"; a horizontal bone rising on the back of the head is called "Jade Pillow Bone"; if that horizontal bone curves upward, it is called "Literary Curve Bone"; if it is divided into three clusters, it is called "Character Bone"; if it is a single rounded lump, it is called "Golden Bone"; if it is isolated and exposed, it is called "Solitary Joint Bone"; if it resembles an upside-down crescent moon, it is called "Golden Water Bone."

邊城有骨起者，名日金城骨；堂有骨起至大庭，名日天柱骨；顴骨逢人耳，名日玉梁骨；顴骨入鬢，名日馹馬外馳骨；顴骨插天倉，名日富貴骨：仙橋金閡並起，名日周仙骨；山林骨起，名日隱逸骨；中嶽豐隆，名日神仙骨；施生頭角，名日晚福骨；施生頤領，名日晚富骨；諸骨俱宜肉包，不宜孤露；骨橫性兇暴，骨輕身貧賤；骨俗性愚蠢，骨寒多夭薄；骨露多刑沖，骨尖多蹇難骨隆主福壽，骨奇定忠烈，此骨相之大概也。

A city on the border with a prominent bone is called "Jin Cheng Gu" (Golden City Bone); if the bone in the area of the forehead extends straight up to the heavenly palace, it is called "Tian Zhu Gu" (Heavenly Pillar Bone); if the cheekbone extends horizontally to the ear, it is called "Yu Liang Gu" (Jade Beam Bone); if the cheekbone extends into the hairline, it is called "Yi Ma Wai Chi Gu" (Post Horse Bone); if the cheekbone extends into the Heavenly Granary, it is called "Fu Gui Gu" (Prosperity and Wealth Bone); if the Xian Qiao Bone and Jin Que Bone are both prominent, it is called "Zhou Xian Gu" (Zhou and Xian Bones); if bones rise in the mountainous area, it is called "Yin Yi Gu" (Recluse Bone); if the nose is full and prominent, it is called "Shen Xian Gu" (Immortal Bone); if bones appear late on the forehead, it is called "Wan Fu Gu" (Late Prosperity Bone); if bones appear late on the lower jaw and neck, it is called "Wan Fu Gu" (Late Wealth Bone). All these bones should be covered with flesh, not exposed and isolated. Bones that grow horizontally indicate a fierce nature; bones that are thin and delicate indicate a low social status; bones that are coarse indicate a dull mind; bones that are cold and thin indicate a short lifespan; exposed bones often lead to punishment and conflict; sharp and narrow bones often lead to difficulties; thick and prominent bones indicate a long and prosperous life; unusual bone structures indicate a loyal and heroic character. This is the general idea of bone structure.

身有三停，長短各宜得配；身有大小肥瘦，亦貴相宜。自頸至臍為上停，自臍至膝為中停，自膝至足為下停；上停長主安逸，下停長主奔勞，木形身宜瘦；長不露筋骨；土形且莊重，背厚腰圓；金宜皮白肉潤皮鮮；火宜瘦硬，露骨起節；水宜肥胖，腫臃皮寬。諸形直白宜黃，忌黑忌暗；水形、本形黑亦佳。

The body is divided into three parts, each of which should be proportionate in length. A person's body size may be tall, short, fat, or thin, but it is best if each part is in harmony. From the neck to the navel is the upper part, from the navel to the knees is the middle part, and from the knees to the soles of the feet is the lower part. A long upper part indicates a life of ease and comfort, while a long lower part suggests a life of toil and hardship. Those with a wood shape should be thin, though not so thin as to reveal bones; those with a earth shape should be dignified, with a thick back and round waist; those with a metal shape should have fair skin, smooth muscles, and bright complexion; those with a fire shape should be thin and firm, with prominent bones and joints; and those with a water shape should be fat, with a bulky body and loose skin. In general, the skin should be white or yellow, avoiding black or dark tones; however, people with a water or wood shape may have slightly darker skin.

胸宜平闊，忌窄忌狹；窄狹者。量狹識淺；乳宜堂大，珠多色黑、色紅俱利。主多子而貴；忌白、忌塌、忌破、忌小、忌毛；多毛以一二三條為玉帶，子貴而賢，過多則多生多克；心直平滿，忌陷忌拗，陷者心不足，拗者心有餘；忌尖忌突，心胸尖突名雞胸，主孤寒心多狡毒；肚上宜拗，坳則臍下有托，主人謙虛有福；忌飽忌脹，忌收忌瀉；肚上胞脹則腹下無托，主無結果；上若收若瀉，腹下無托，主無結果；肚臍宜深宜攔，深主有子而佳，攔朝主子無虛花有結果；忌卸，卸而不朝，子必無結局，虛花有防；腹下宜有帶有托，有帶有托是為有氣，主子結局，無則無結束；忌凹忌收，收凹皆無托之渭，主無子結局。

The chest should be broad and flat, avoiding narrowness and narrowness; a narrow chest indicates a small capacity and shallow understanding. The breast area should have a wide areola and firm, full nipples, either black or red are favorable, indicating many children and good fortune; avoid white nipples, sagging, broken, small nipples, or hairy growths. Hairs on the sides of the breast, one to three strands, are called "Jubai," indicating sons who are noble and virtuous; too many hairs may lead to many births and many losses. The area around the heart should be flat and full, avoiding concave or twisted shapes; a concave shape indicates insufficient heart energy, while a twisted and protruding shape indicates excessive heart energy; also avoid sharp or protruding features. A sharp and protruding sternum is called "Jixiong," indicating loneliness and a tendency towards cunning and deceit. The upper part of the abdomen should be slightly indented, as an indentation indicates support below the navel, suggesting humility and good fortune; avoid fullness, swelling, upward contraction, or downward sagging. If the upper abdomen is swollen, the lower abdomen lacks support, leading to no results in endeavors; if the upper abdomen contracts or sags, the lower abdomen also lacks support, resulting in no results. The navel should be deep and have a surrounding edge; a deep navel indicates many children and is favorable. If the navel edge rises upward, it indicates sons who are not wasteful and have a good outcome; avoid a loose navel opening, especially if it does not rise, as sons will likely have no outcome and be wasteful. The lower abdomen should have a horizontal band-like pattern and support, as having support indicates vitality and sons with a good outcome; without support, there is no outcome. Also avoid concave or contracted shapes, as both indicate lack of support, leading to no children and no outcome.

背宜厚宜豐，福壽富貴，並享三甲成也；忌陷忌骨，陷則無壽；露骨主勞疾病苦，又主無財福，腰宜平宜圓，主富貴福壽，忌折忌小，折則無壽，小則多淫。小腳宜骨肉勻調，股宜長短合配，膝宜圓而不過尖，尖主犯刑；趾直而不過長，長則主勞；腳背忌露筋，露筋主辛苦無財；腳板忌無紋，無紋主賤；足毛宜軟宜光，軟光安逸，粗便勞苦。

The back should be thick and full, which brings blessings, longevity, and wealth; three prominent bones along the spine are considered a good formation. It is undesirable if the back is sunken or if the bones are exposed; a sunken back indicates a short lifespan, while exposed bones suggest toil, illness, hardship, and lack of wealth. The waist should be flat and round, indicating wealth, honor, and longevity; a bent or sunken waist signifies a short lifespan, while a narrow waist suggests promiscuity. The lower legs and feet should have bones and flesh in proportion, and the thighs should be of appropriate length; the knees should be round but not excessively pointed, as pointed knees may lead to legal troubles. The toes should be straight but not too long, as overly long toes indicate toil. The foot's top should not have visible veins, as exposed veins mean a life of hardship and lack of wealth; the sole should have proper patterns, as patternless soles indicate low status. The hairs on the feet should be soft and lustrous; soft and shiny hairs indicate ease and comfort, while coarse and hard hairs suggest hardship and toil.

臀宜肉宜肥，肥人無臀防子，女人無臀主賤；穀道宜有毛，有毛可聚財，毛多號淫；陽物宜小，大則淫賤，過長無子；陰戶宜軟，大無子養，太小主賤，寬主淫；陰毛宜少，男女同，陰毛多好淫；囊宜縮，腎帶皺如荔枝殼是腎水足，骨水足無病多子，且易成實；便宜散，散如撒珠；腋宜香，忌狐臭，凡有孤臭主夫婦無緣；膊宜平，卸膊主無擔荷，多貧苦，結局不佳，此乃相身之大概也。

The buttocks should be firm and full; a fat person without buttock flesh should be cautious about having children; a woman without full buttocks is considered to have low status. There should be hair around the anus area; having hair can bring wealth, but too much hair is considered lustful. A man's genitalia should be small; if too large, it indicates lustfulness and low morals; if too long, it may result in infertility. A woman's genital area should be soft; if too large, she may not be able to conceive; if too small, it indicates low status; if too wide, it suggests lustfulness. The pubic hair should be minimal, and both men and women should have similar amounts; having more pubic hair indicates lustfulness. The scrotum should be tight, and the skin should be wrinkled like a lychee shell, indicating abundant kidney water; abundant kidney water means fewer illnesses, more children, and easier success. Small advantages should be scattered and spread out, like scattered pearls. The armpits should have a pleasant fragrance and should not have body odor; those with body odor are considered to have no harmony in marriage. The shoulders should be level and upright; those with sagging shoulders are unable to bear responsibilities, often poor, and have an unsatisfactory ending. The above are the main points of body constitution.

大人相貌形容，必有定局如泥，肥瘦黑白以定形格，則今日之瘦者，未必他日不肥矣；今日之黑者，未必他日之不白宜；以此相人焉有不差者哉！況夫金木水火土，各有肥瘦之分：如以金論，則有大金小金之別，所謂庚金辛金是也；以木論；以火論；則有丙火丁火；以上論，則有戊土已土；是顯然肥瘦各一也。又且有相生相剋，之殊乎甚矣，相面之不足定形局也；故掌屬先天，肥瘦有定，厚薄不移，相掌定形，此心鏡秘旨之真傳也。

The appearance of an adult is not necessarily fixed like a clay statue. If one determines a person's constitution solely based on their fatness or thinness, their skin color, then today's thin person may become fat tomorrow, and today's dark person may turn fair. Using such a method for face reading can hardly avoid errors. Moreover, the five elements—metal, wood, water, fire, and earth—each have their own variations in fatness or thinness: for instance, metal includes large metal (Geng) and small metal (Xin); for fire, there is Bing fire and Ding fire; for earth, there is Wu earth and Ji earth—each clearly having a fat and a thin type. Furthermore, there are differences of mutual generation and mutual control among them. Therefore, judging constitution solely from the face is clearly insufficient. The palm, however, belongs to the Earlier Heaven, and its thickness or thinness is fixed and unchanging. Judging constitution through the palm is the true essence of the secret teachings of the "Heart Mirror."

掌有八卦，而最緊要在巽、離、坤三宮。巽主財帛，離主功名，坤主子嗣。巽為福，離為德，坤為祿，掌心為明堂；宜平宜坳，忌卸忌突，忌暗忌筋。指為龍，掌為虎，指長固仕，仍求相配；木形之指乃長，其餘不能盡長也。紋多固妙，或少亦宜；木形之掌乃多紋，其餘不盡多紋也、肥人掌厚，瘦人掌薄；肥人掌密，瘦人掌漏指罅疏也。瘦人掌厚主吝嗇，勤儉生財；肥人掌薄無財；掌背豐而筋不露，身逸多金；掌心紅而坳不瀉，富足有餘；露筋者勞碌，露節者耗財；掌小者貴，掌大者勞。甲宜健，主有膽，甲如錘，主無能；節過大，主性懶；紋縱橫，主心雜，此掌中之大概也。

The palms are associated with the Eight Trigrams, with the most important being the Xun, Li, and Kun trigrams. The Xun trigram, located at the base of the index finger, governs wealth. The Li trigram, at the base of the middle finger, governs official rank and prestige. The Kun trigram, beneath the little finger, governs descendants. It is also said that Xun represents fortune, Li represents virtue, and Kun represents official position. The palm is called the Bright Hall, which should be flat or slightly concave, avoiding loose, raised, dark, or blue-veined appearances. Fingers are likened to dragons and the palm to a tiger; although long fingers may indicate official status, they should also match the palm. Long fingers are suitable for people with a wooden form, while others should not all have long fingers. Although many palm lines are good, having fewer is also acceptable. People with a wooden form should have many lines, while others need not necessarily have many. Thick palms belong to plump people, while thin palms belong to slender people. Plump people have fingers that close tightly together, while slender people's fingers leave gaps when brought together. A slender person with a thick palm indicates stinginess, but can become wealthy through diligence and frugality. A plump person with a thin palm lacks wealth. A full hand back without visible tendons indicates a comfortable and wealthy life. A red palm with a deep center that does not lose its energy signifies abundance. Exposed tendons indicate hard work, exposed joints indicate financial loss. Small hands indicate high status, while large hands indicate hard labor. Strong, firm nails indicate courage, while short, blunt nails indicate lack of ability. Large finger joints indicate laziness, and chaotic palm lines indicate a scattered mind. This is the general principle of palm reading.

惟掌紋宜深秀，深者現秀不粗；成字、成令、成印者俱宜；無名指下有紋沖近刊位，功名必有正路異路；末指下有紋沖，異路亦榮；直紋多，人必聰明；橫紋多，人必心紛；指節多橫紋主清貴，直紋主清靈；幹位豐圓紋不破，祖業可居；坤位缺陷紋多沖，多貪花柳；紋溢掌旁多用，紅聚掌內運必通；掌宜配面，掌長者面必長，掌小者而必小，掌方者面必方，掌短者面必短，掌圓者面必圓，掌厚者面必厚．如不合配，定從生克以推詳也。掌又宜配身，亦如面宜配身，均同一理耳。故云身瘦面宜瘦，身配面要配掌，能身面配，富貴辨精微。又云頸短面長不利子，面短掌長不利財；身長頸短命必夭，膊聳頭縮壽早傾；身、掌、面皆宜配合矣。又凡掌大者長者，粗者皆主勞碌之人；圓者、厚者、小滑者、軟者、不露筋節者，多是富貴之輩也，可不知乎哉。

The palm should have deep and clear lines, deep lines appearing refined rather than coarse; lines forming characters such as 'ming' (meaning), 'ling' (command), or 'yin' (seal) are all favorable. If there are lines on the ring finger that rise upward and approach the position of the life line, success in official positions is assured, either through conventional or unconventional paths; if there are lines on the little finger that rise upward, one may achieve honor through unconventional means. Those with many straight lines are intelligent, while those with many horizontal lines have restless minds. Many horizontal lines on the finger joints indicate a refined and noble character, while many straight lines suggest a keen mind. If the area near the thumb (the Qian position) is full and round with lines not breaking through, ancestral wealth can be maintained; if the area near the little finger (the Kun position) is defective with many lines breaking through, one is likely to be fond of indulgence. If lines extend to the sides of the palm, there will be much toil; if red and lustrous energy gathers in the palm center, fortune is assured. The palm should match the face: a long palm corresponds to a long face, a small palm to a small face, a square palm to a square face, a short palm to a short face, a round palm to a round face, and a thick palm to a thick face; if they do not match, one should refer to the Five Phases' generating and overcoming relationships for detailed analysis. The palm should also match the body, just as the face should match the body, for the principle is the same. Therefore, a thin body should have a thin face; the body should match the face, the face should match the palm, and when the body and face match, the subtle distinctions of wealth and status can be discerned. It is also said that a short neck with a long face is unfavorable for descendants, a short face with a long palm is unfavorable for wealth; a long body with a short neck indicates a short lifespan, and a shrunk head with raised shoulders suggests an early end. In summary, the body, palm, and face should all match. Those with large, long, or thick palms are destined for toil; those with round, thick, smooth, soft, and unmarked palms are likely to be wealthy and prosperous—this point should not be overlooked.

行乃一身之舉動，形為之所流露也。貴人之行，氣從下降，力聚踵履之間，故身不搖而足不亂也；得一“重”字所以貴。賤人之行，多伸縮無腰力，多偏倚無足筋力；夭人之行多軟弱氣衰，多輕浮，得一“輕”字，得一“浮”字；奔走之人不住趾，得一“忙”字，得一“急”字；狡人之行多過頭，頭下垂者先足後計算，狡毒之為；剛人之行多挺秀，拼死不懼，敢作敢為；商賈之行身重而足輕，爭圖利便之相；封君之行身重而足定，背厚臀圓有福之象；位小者行必搖手，力在股肱，急公奉上之象；位大者，行必身壯，氣藏胸背有威而又能自狀，多觀便識喻毫微。

Walking is a full-body movement, and a person's physical quality is revealed through it. A nobleman walks with his energy sinking downward, his strength concentrated between the heel and the sole of the foot, so his body remains steady and his steps are not disorderly. This is characterized by the word "heavy," hence his nobility. A lowly person walks with his body often stretching and contracting, and his waist lacks strength, often leaning to one side with weak feet. Those with short lifespans walk with weakness and a lack of energy, appearing light and floating, characterized by the words "light" and "floating." Those who run about and work hard have their toes constantly moving, characterized by the words "busy" and "hurried." A cunning person walks with his head always protruding ahead of his feet, his head hanging down, indicating that his feet move first while his mind calculates later, which is a deceitful manner. A strong and resolute person walks upright and graceful, fearless in the face of death, bold and decisive in action. A merchant walks with a heavy body and light feet, indicating a nature inclined to seek convenience. A person who has received a title of honor walks with a heavy body and steady feet, with a thick back and round buttocks, indicating a fortunate appearance. A person of low rank walks with his hands flapping, using his strength in his limbs, indicating a rush to attend to duties and serve his superiors. A person of high rank walks with a solid body, his energy hidden within his chest and back, possessing both dignity and self-restraint. By observing carefully, one can perceive the subtle differences.

飲食憑水星，水星為祿堂，飲食之司也。紅潤晚期，食祿必豐；黑小覆斜，衣食必薄；貴人飲食，易容受而吞嚥無聲；所謂龍飧虎食；賤人飲食多連泛溢，溢而咀嚼有響，所謂豬給飧狗食也；鼠食者、夭折貧寒；雀食者，飢餓凍餒也。

To determine a person's fortune in food and sustenance, one looks at the "Water Star," which corresponds to the mouth. The mouth is the hall of fortune, specifically governing food and drink. If the mouth appears red and plump, the person will certainly have a prosperous later life in terms of food and wealth. If the mouth is black, small, and crooked, the person will likely be poor and have little to eat. A nobleman eats calmly and quietly, swallowing without noise, which is called "dragon dining and tiger feasting." A lowly person eats messily, with food sticking and spilling, and makes loud noises while chewing, which is called "pig eating and dog feasting." If someone eats like a mouse, nibbling in small bits, it indicates a short and poor life. If someone eats like a sparrow, taking a bite and looking around, it indicates hunger and cold.

食能兼人，地閣朝腹有托，大福之人；地閣不朝腹又無托，丐食之人；有食必病，皆因唇薄口小之人，無安皆是唇紅齒白之輩；噎食者，因鬚團口，故主胃寒；餓死者，因口反元，又遭絞破；服毒皆由白氣人，絕食皆由黑氣侵；口放飯流皆是賤人，齧骨咬筋亦同其類。

A person whose appetite can feed two people, with the chin upturned and the lower abdomen supported, is destined for great fortune. If the chin is not upturned and the lower abdomen is unsupported, then the person is destined to beg for food. Those who get sick as soon as they eat are all people with thin lips and small mouths. Those who eat comfortably all their lives have red lips and white teeth. Those who suffer from choking are due to the beard surrounding the mouth, indicating a cold stomach. Those who die of starvation are because the corners of the mouth are inverted, losing the alignment with the forehead and nose, and also suffering from broken lines. Those who die from poisoning all have white gas entering the mouth. Those who die from starvation have black gas invading the mouth. Those who spill food while eating are all lowly people. Those who chew bones and tendons making noise are also of the same kind.

血痣者，由五臟六腑而生，本心田陰騭而發也。故人必以有血痣者為貴，而黑痣不與焉。血痣根心田，存心善者則生也；前有惡而後有善則生，前有善而後有惡則瘀；人能以善存心，血痣必起，起幹山體、冢墓、邱陵者主壽，而身得又得吉地；起于山鼻、鼻準者主貴；起於淚堂龍宮者，子孫顯；起於奸門魚尾者，妻妾賢；起於口旁者主祿，起於印堂者主貴，起於頂心者主成仙佛；起於手腕掌指者，主通神道；起於乳胸腹背臍陰者，主貴子榮身；於腋下者主通神遊，於足者主貴，起於目者主神視；血痣之生無位不佳，至於黑痣光於漆，藏於身者亦佳，而面部五官仍不宜有也。

"Blood spot" is a red mole caused by the qi of the five zang organs and six fu organs, and its origin lies in one's intentions and Yin Virtue. Therefore, in physiognomy, having a blood spot is considered auspicious, while black moles are not included in this category. The root of a blood spot lies in one's heart: only those with good intentions can have such a mole. Those who previously did evil but later turned to goodness will develop a blood spot; those who previously did good but later turned to evil will see their blood spot darken. As long as a person intends to do good, a blood spot will surely appear. A blood spot located on mountains, forests, tombs, hills, or ridges indicates longevity and the ability to be buried in a favorable grave after death. A blood spot on the mountain root or nose indicates high status. A blood spot on the tear hall or dragon palace (under the eye) indicates that descendants will achieve prominence. A blood spot on the奸门 (a facial area near the cheekbone) or fish tail (eye corner) indicates that the wife and concubines are virtuous. A blood spot on the mouth indicates good salary, on the forehead indicates high status, on the top of the head indicates the potential to become a sage or a Buddhist or Taoist master. A blood spot on the wrist, palm, or fingers indicates the ability to communicate with spirits. A blood spot on the breast, chest, abdomen, back, navel, or private parts indicates the birth of a noble child and personal honor. A blood spot on the armpit indicates the ability to travel spiritually, and one on the foot indicates high status. A blood spot in the eye indicates extraordinary vision. A blood spot anywhere is considered good. As for black moles, those that are bright like ink and hidden on the body are also considered good; however, those located on the facial features are not advisable.

言語關乎榮辱，輕則招尤，納則寡怨；泛言多露齒，狂言多口大；慎言多唇長，直言多齒齊；急言者多口薄，詐言者多齒小；好說便宜者，多口反；好說長短者，多口疏唇不蓋齒；當門齒大而齊，小狡不毒；當門齒小而斜，不謹不信；舌大口小，多言不了；舌小口大，言語急快；舌大多紋，言必合理；舌長者，言有根抵；舌短者，言無經濟；舌上黑暗，言無始終；有黑痣在舌主為言，舌內鮮紅者言必有中；語未出而舌先見，好語人非；語不已而頭下垂，心非口是；此乃相言語之大略也。

Speaking affects one's honor and disgrace throughout life: speaking hastily invites resentment, while speaking cautiously leads to fewer grievances. Those who often speak in general terms usually have prominent lips, while those who speak recklessly usually have large mouths. Those who speak cautiously usually have long upper lips, and those who speak straightforwardly usually have even teeth. Those who speak quickly usually have thin lips, and those who speak deceitfully usually have small teeth. Those who often take advantage of others' words usually have their corners of the mouth drooping downward; those who often talk about others' faults usually have wide mouths and lips that cannot cover their teeth. Those with large, even front teeth may have some cunning but not be malicious; those with small, crooked front teeth are neither cautious nor trustworthy. Those with large tongues and small mouths talk a lot; those with small tongues and large mouths speak quickly. Those with large tongues and many ridges on their tongues speak reasonably; those with long tongues speak with substance; those with short tongues speak incoherently. Those with dark-colored tongues speak without conclusion; those with black moles on their tongues tend to gossip about others. Those with bright red inner tongues speak to the point. Those who stretch their tongues out before speaking tend to criticize others' faults; those who talk nonstop with their heads lowered are insincere. This is the general observation of facial features related to speech.

凡人形貌清古，氣清性毒，言根至理，有山林之趣，此自修行中來。形貌古怪，舉止陰毒；言涉淫邪，有殺伐之心，此自精靈中來。形貌瀟灑，舉動風雅，性惠氣和，有修煉之心，此自神仙中來。形貌秀麗嚴肅，心性靈明，有虹霓之志，此自星辰中生。

Any person whose appearance is clear, strange, and ancient, with a refined spirit and a nature that is somewhat fierce, who speaks words that conform to ultimate truth and enjoys the wild charm of mountains and forests—such a person has been reborn after having practiced cultivation in a previous life. A person with an odd appearance, sinister behavior, and speech involving lewdness, with a mind full of violence and killing—such a person has been reborn from demons and spirits. A person whose appearance is graceful, whose actions are elegant, whose nature is compassionate, whose demeanor is peaceful, and who has the aspiration to cultivate—such a person has been reborn from among the immortals. A person whose appearance is beautiful but expression is serious, whose mind is clear and bright, and whose aspirations are lofty as the rainbow in the sky—such a person has been reborn from the stars.

形貌奇異，舉動急速，性慧氣則，言涉威福，祭祀之心，此自神祗中來。婦人生得過於肖麗，好色貪淫者，此是前世花妖託生，斷無根祗福厚之格，所以主多夭折不貞，俗云紅為薄命者此也。

His appearance is unusual, his movements quick and swift, his mind intelligent and his demeanor disciplined. He speaks with authority and kindness, and often thinks of worshipping and honoring the gods. Such a person is reborn from among the divine beings. A woman who is excessively beautiful and lustful is likely a flower demon reborn, and she certainly lacks a solid foundation and long-lasting blessings, so she tends to die young and be unfaithful. As the saying goes, "Beautiful women have short lives," referring precisely to this kind of person.

形體魁梧面有麻，眉清目秀更堪誇，再兼五嶽相朝拱，豈是尋常俗子家。目有神光麻有氣，兩眉不斷多奇異，若還破印並鎖口，難許崢嶸成大器。麻肥忌暗滯，宜明紫為氣精實；氣固麻色麗，氣散麻鋪陳間斷，方是貴氣麻也。

The person has a robust body shape and a face with freckles; if his eyebrows and eyes are also clear and handsome, it is even more commendable. If the five mountains (forehead, both cheekbones, nose, and chin) are in mutual support, then he is not an ordinary person. His eyes have a bright spirit, and the freckles also carry vitality. If his eyebrows are continuous and unbroken, it is often a sign of an extraordinary appearance. However, if the freckles break through the forehead and lock the corners of the mouth, it is difficult to expect him to achieve great success. Freckles that are full and plump should avoid being dark and stagnant; they should be bright and clear with a purple tinge, which indicates abundant energy and solid essence. When the energy is concentrated, the freckles are bright and vivid; when the energy disperses, the freckles spread out and become broken. Being able to distinguish this level indicates an understanding of what constitutes noble aura in freckles.

何知真人忠貫日？五嶽相朝微露骨，眼神殺重氣逆生，膽大輕生牙黑實。何知此人孝動天？眉清起伏又疏尖，髮軟須輕神軒爽，唇紅齒白面皮寬。何知此人廉而潔？鼻竅微收眼不劫，陰鴛堂光印頗低，四瀆歸源水不洩。何知此人節且貞？牙長齊大又堅拼，五嶽骨清俱有氣，神光不露定而清。

How do you know that a person is loyal and his virtue reaches the heavens? The five mountains are mutually supporting, and his bones show a subtle strength. His eyes display a heavy killing spirit, and a stubborn spirit rises against the trend. His courage is great enough to sacrifice his life, and his teeth are dark in color and solid in texture. How do you know that a person's filial piety can move heaven? His eyebrows are clear and have ups and downs, with a sharp tip visible. His hair is soft, his beard is fine, his spirit is open and easy. His lips are red, his teeth are white, and his face is broad and gentle. How do you know that a person is clean and upright? His nostrils are slightly inward, not outwardly greedy. There is no greedy look in his eyes. The area below his eyes (the yin zhi tang) is smooth and lustrous, and the imprint area is slightly low. The four rivers (the ears, eyes, mouth, and nose) all converge and are contained, and the water qi does not leak out. How do you know that a person has integrity and is chaste? His teeth are long, neat, wide, and firm. The five mountains' bone structure is clear and lofty, with qi everywhere. His spirit light is hidden and not revealed, calm and clear.

何知此人必大富？金木貼弓戊己豐，六府隆聳五嶽朝，眼垂背厚聲洪鐘。何知此人必大貴？虎頭燕額伏犀鼻，眼睛黑漆口容拳，手長背厚腰直是。何知此人必大福？五嶽朝元腰背伏，鬚髮清疏眼殺強，行動瑞莊大聚足。腰圓背厚，腹垂有托，下須有索，是大福相。何知此人必大壽？頭骨崢嶸腰直透，耳毛頸條一齊生，足定神清頂骨奏。人之壽相要揣其眼神，眼神強者必大壽，病重者亦要眼神，神不衰不死也。

How do you know that a person is certainly very wealthy? His ears (Jin Xing and Mu Xing) are close to his head, forming an arch shape; his nose (Wu Ji Tu) is thick and full. His six organs (the areas of the forehead, cheekbones, and jawbones) are prominent, and the five mountains converge towards the center. His eyelids are slightly drooping and reserved, his back is thick and solid, and his voice is loud and resonant like a bell. How do you know that a person is certainly of great status? His head is like a tiger's head, his forehead is like a swallow's forehead, and his nose bridge is straight and extends downward like a rhinoceros. His eyes are black as ink dots, his mouth is large enough to hold a fist; his hands are long, his back is thick, and his waist is straight. How do you know that a person is certainly very fortunate? The five mountains converge towards the center, his waist and back are thick and stable; his beard and hair are clear and sparse, and his eyes have strong vitality; his movements are dignified and steady, and his aura is gathered and not scattered. A round waist, thick back, and a hanging lower abdomen with a supporting base, and the beard on his chin is thick and in neat rows—this is the appearance of great fortune. How do you know that a person is certainly long-lived? His skull is high and prominent, his waist is straight and connected; there are fine hairs in his ears and stripes on his neck. His steps are stable, his spirit is clear and bright, and his crown bone is prominent. To judge a person's longevity, the key is to observe his eyes: those with strong eyes are certainly long-lived. Even for a person who is seriously ill, you should look at his eyes; if his spirit does not decline, he will not die.

何知此人必登仙？山林骨起鼻準巔，兩眼碧光如寶鏡，婆心一片目無為。何知此仙集凡塵？方瞳闊額貌無愁，手上希紋頭骨聳，神氣清灑色黃明。何知此人必作佛？兩眉八字如薩薩，頭骨豐圓眼又慈，寒中若帶羅漢殺。何知此人必作鬼？滿面暗黑如燥屎，陰騭無光險事多，定作餓鬼地獄無。何知此人必為神？陰騭常光頭頂豐，腰直胸平背不折，定為剛氣喪天中。

How can one know that a person can become an immortal? His bones rise up in the mountains, his nose is high and rises like the peak of a mountain; his two eyes shine with green light, clear and bright like a precious mirror; he has a heart full of compassion, and there is no cunning or deceit in his eyes. How can one know that this immortal has fallen into the world of mortals? His pupils are square and upright, his forehead is broad and open, and there is no trace of worry on his face; his palm lines are few, his head bones are high; his spirit is clear, free and easy, and his complexion is yellow and bright. How can one know that a person can become a Buddha? His two eyebrows are spread out like the character "eight" and resemble a Bodhisattva; his head bones are full and round, his eyes are kind; in the midst of coldness, there is a bit of the majesty of a Arhat. How can one know that a person will become a ghost? His face is dark and black like dry dung; his forehead has no luster, and he has done many evil deeds—certainly he will fall into the realm of hungry ghosts or hell, with nothing left. How can one know that a person after death will become a god? His forehead often has a smooth and bright light, his head is full and prominent; his waist is straight, his chest is flat, his back is not bent—this is the gathering of righteous energy in the heavens, certainly he will become a god.

何知此人色中喪？柳葉眉弓眼又暗，夾色傷寒眼下烏，婦人色眼雀斑甚。何知此人酒中傷？鵝鴨位上有黑暗，面上通紅酒過傷，準頭紅白筋當禁。何知此人貪而鄙？眉眼口鼻促聚是，錙銖必計斗筲如，富貴中人亦可鄙。何知此人多招氣？頸上骨粗暴戾至，眼突睛紅眉骨高，好報不平兼自恃。

How do you know that a person died from indulgence in women? His eyebrows are like willow leaves and curved like a bow; his eyes are dim. Those suffering from a disease caused by excessive indulgence in women will have dark shadows beneath their eyes. How do you know that a person was injured by alcohol? There is a dark aura at the area of the cheeks corresponding to ge and ya; a flushed face indicates excessive drinking. If there are red and white veins on the nose, one should especially avoid alcohol. How do you know that a person is greedy and stingy? His eyebrows, eyes, mouth, and nose are all cramped together. He is meticulous about every fraction, his capacity is as small as a dou or shao. Even among the wealthy, such a person is equally contemptible. How do you know that a person often incurs disputes and troubles? His neck bones are thick and prominent, with a fierce and cruel aura. His eyes are protruding and red, his eyebrows are high. He likes to take sides and is self-reliant in his abilities.

何知此人壽如松？腰直背豐頂骨隆，神清氣爽眉毛豔，耳毛頸條一齊同。何知此人命必夭？唇翹齒露眼昏小，眉毛重濁額多筋，耳暗眼浮行動跳。何知此人一生窮？背削肩尖不盡然，雨中雞形若相似，肉背尸行定乞兒。何知此人運必通？神強色旺五官豐．海口河目鼻準配，行動端莊福祿從。

How do you know that a person will live a long life? His waist is straight, his back is thick and strong, and his head bone is prominent. His spirit is clear and bright, his eyebrows are moist and lustrous. There are fine hairs growing in his ears, and there are lines on his neck. If all these signs are present, then he will live a long life. How do you know that a person is destined for a short life? His lips are upturned, his teeth are exposed, his eyes are dim and small. His eyebrows are heavy and dull, and there are many blue veins on his forehead. His ears are dark and dull, his eyes are restless, and he walks with a hopping gait. How do you know that a person will be poor all his life? His back is thin, his shoulders are narrow and sharp. This alone is not enough to determine it. If he also looks like a chicken that has been rained on, hunched over, with fat piled on his back, and walks like a corpse, then he is certainly a beggar. How do you know that a person will have good fortune? His spirit is strong, his complexion is vigorous, and his face is full. His mouth is wide like the sea, his eyes are long like a river, and they match well with his nose. His movements are dignified, and naturally, his blessings and honors will come to him.

何知此人得賢妻？鼻樑豐起山根齊，天倉滿起顴平聳，唇紅齒白定相攜。何知此人得大財？地閣朝元倉庫豐，兩竅不露顴準配，雙眉蓋目眼長縫。何知此人必多子？人中深弓龍宮滿，兩乳多珠臍深攔，額上無紋天倉胖。何知此人必食祿？口大唇紅齒又密，顴起準貫背又豐，城廓分清兩頤拂。

How can one know that a person will marry a virtuous wife? The bridge of the nose is full and rounded, the mountain root is level and unbroken; the Heavenly Granary is full, the cheekbones are level and slightly raised; the lips are red and the teeth are white—such a person will surely be accompanied by a wife for life. How can one know that a person will gain great wealth? The chin is upward-curving and embracing, with both sides of the face full and ample; the nostrils are not exposed, the cheekbones and the tip of the nose are in harmony; the eyebrows are long enough to cover the eyes, and the eyes are long with narrow eye fissures. How can one know that a person will have many children? The philtrum is deep and curved like a bow, and the Dragon Palace (the area below the eyes) is full; the breasts are full and round, the navel is deep and has a clear boundary; there are no evil lines on the forehead, and the Heavenly Granary is abundant. How can one know that a person will surely receive a salary? The mouth is large, the lips are red, and the teeth are fine and dense; the cheekbones are prominent, the tip of the nose is strong and projecting, and the back is thick and solid; the facial features are clearly defined with distinct contours, and the cheeks are full and embrace forward.

何知此人老無妻？眉顴骨殺聲又嘶，喜怒不常眼帶淚，臥蠶魚尾暗無歸。何知此人老無夫？雙顴橫面聲又粗，地閣尖削性情戾，鼻樑露骨氣嘈嘈。何知此人幼無父？髮重骨重筋額沖，翹唇反耳鼻露節，髮尖沖印眉迭重。何知此人老無子？滿面光浮滿面燥，淚堂浮腫或暗沖，地閣不朝又尖臀。

How do you know a man will be childless in old age? His brow bone and cheekbone show a harsh and aggressive look, his voice is hoarse; he is easily angered and often has tears in his eyes; the area under his eyes and the corners of his eyes are dark, and his marriage area has no support. How do you know a woman will be childless in old age? Her cheeks are wide and her face is coarse, her voice is rough; her chin is sharp and narrow, her nature is erratic; her nose bridge is exposed and she speaks with complaints and grievances. How do you know a person lost his father in childhood? His hair is thick, his bones are heavy, and his blue veins rise to his forehead; his lips are upturned, his earlobe is turned outward, and there is a bump on his nose bridge; his hair tips point directly to his forehead, and his eyebrows are thick and overlapping. How do you know a person will be childless in old age? His face has a floating light, and he has a dry and hot appearance; the area around his eyes is swollen, or he is affected by hidden bad energy; his chin does not curve upward to embrace his face, and his buttocks are sharp and lack flesh.

何知此人大奸雄？眼神不定語輕圓，坐弓立弓不安穩，兩顴起稜鼻似刀。何知此人頑不靈？眉重壓目面骨粗，髮際低弓耳又暗，神昏疏懶氣模糊。何知此人能憤激？眼殺神強抑不得，顴骨高生鼻又高，仁義輕生氣霹靂。

How do you know that a person is a great villain? His eyes wander uncertainly, his speech is smooth and evasive; when sitting he bends his waist, when standing he arches his back, always appearing uneasy; his cheekbones are prominent, and his nose is sharp and narrow like a knife. How do you know that a person is stubborn and lacks insight? His eyebrows are thick and heavy, pressing down on his eyes; his facial bones are rough; his hairline is low, forming an arch; his ears are dark; his spirit is dull and heavy, his demeanor lazy and indifferent, his appearance vague and unclear. How do you know that a person is capable of being generous and passionate? His eyes carry a fierce look, his spirit is strong and vigorous, unable to be restrained; his cheekbones are high, his nose is also high; for righteousness and justice he is willing to give his life, and when he becomes angry, it is like thunder.

何知此人必做優？口大唇薄齒參差，面無城廓陰陽勝，掌粗而細額多紋。何知此人必作阜？顴臃胸挺頭仰是，鬚密聲粗眼太粗，寒則主丐無疑矣。何知此人為屠宰？眼赤眉粗骨又粗，談笑若臥無精神，額上多紋肉橫布。何知此人必是凶？雙眉睛紅眉亂逆，睡中露眼聲破鑼，眉短神昏如醉痴。

How do you know that a person will become an actor? His mouth is large but his lips are thin, his teeth are uneven; the boundaries between bone and flesh on his face are unclear, with either yin or yang dominating; his palms are rough while his fingers are thin, and he has many lines on his forehead. How do you know that a person will become a laborer or porter? His cheekbones are swollen, his chest is protruding forward, and his head is raised upward; his beard is thick, his voice is coarse and rough, and his eyes are dull and clumsy; if his appearance is also poor, he will certainly become a beggar. How do you know that a person is a butcher? His eyes are red, his eyebrows are thick, and his bones are coarse; when he laughs or talks, he appears lazy and lacks energy, like lying down; he has many lines on his forehead and a lot of flesh on his face. How do you know that a person is a villain? The pupils beneath his eyebrows are red, his eyebrows are scattered and growing backward; when he sleeps, his eyes do not close completely, leaving a gap, and his voice sounds like a broken gong; his eyebrows are short, his spirit is dull, and he looks as if he is drunk or痴呆.

何知此僧必作奸？眼深眉濃骨法粗，腮骨露弓鼻起節，三世成勾鼻又烏。何知此人作妖魔？滿面黑暗骨露多，睛紅須健神容酷，瘦削形骸氣不和。何知此尼淫不正？面皮青薄眼不定，行動輕飄腳無根，含笑頻頻掩口吻。何知此婦做淫媒？腳長身動語偏輕，手搖足擺頭多轉，眼色斜窺笑後聲。

How do you know that this monk will engage in wicked deeds? His eye sockets are deep, his eyebrows are thick and dense, and his bone structure is coarse. His cheekbones protrude outward in an arched shape, and his nose has a prominent bump. His three sections of the face are all curved like hooks, and his nose color is dark and gloomy. How do you know this person is of a demonic nature? His face is dark and shadowy, with many bones protruding outward. His eyes are red, his beard is stiff and strong, and his expression is cold and cruel. His body is thin and frail, and his breath is unharmonious. How do you know this nun is immoral and improper? Her face is pale and thin, her eyes wander uncertainly, and her movements are light and floating, with no firm foundation. She smiles frequently, yet covers her mouth with her hand. How do you know this woman is involved in prostitution? Her legs are long and her body is restless and active. She speaks in a flirtatious manner. Her hands and feet move in a loose and careless way, and her head turns frequently. Her eyes look sideways to observe others, and she laughs first before speaking.

何知此人必好嫖？眼向光浮面帶油，姣豔桃花堆滿面，唇紅齒白妓迷頭。何知此人賭必輸？指節露弓掌罅疏，眉短顴高聲又破，掌紋溢外瀆生破。何知此人必好飲？面色鮮潤神如昏，眼肉筋多鵝鴨脹，口闊牙齊食祿群。何知此人好浪蕩？眉毛散弓額多紋，耳無弦稜鼻露竅，指禿神昏不顧家。

How do you know that a person enjoys visiting brothels? His eyes are restless and look outward, his face has a greasy sheen; a rosy, delicate color covers his face; his lips are red and his teeth white, and he falls deeply into the world of pleasures. How do you know that a person will surely lose at gambling? His fingers are long and bent into a bow shape, and when his fingers are pressed together, the gaps between them are wide; his eyebrows are short, his cheekbones are high, and his voice is hoarse; his palm lines extend beyond his palms, and the four main openings (of the body) show signs of damage. How do you know that a person enjoys drinking alcohol? His face is bright and rosy, but his spirit is dull; there are many veins on his upper eyelids, and his cheeks are swollen; his mouth is wide and his teeth are even, and his fortune from food and drink is abundant. How do you know that a person is prone to a dissolute life? His eyebrows are scattered and form a bow shape, and there are many lines on his forehead; his ears lack the sharp edges, his nostrils are exposed; his fingers are blunt and dull, his spirit is dim, and he neglects his family's affairs.

何知此人性寬大？印廣額闊鼻孔寬，耳竅口稜面憂廓，黃光滿面眼眶長。何知此人性局蹬？七竅俱小容不得，顴高筋現難吃虧，些小事情遭性癖。何知此人多刻酷？面皮青薄無些肉，性急露筋又露喉，眼深顴超山根伏。何知此人心善良？眉毛疏細眼眶長，陰鴛堂光印寬闊，唇紅神定語端詳。

How do you know if a person is broad-minded? His forehead is wide and open, his nose is broad, his ear holes are large, his lips have a distinct edge, and the bone structure on his face is clearly defined. His face has a bright yellow glow, and his eye sockets are long. How do you know if a person is narrow-minded? All seven openings (two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, and the mouth) are small, and they cannot bear much. His cheekbones are high and his veins are visible, so he cannot tolerate even a little loss. He becomes irritable and behaves strangely over small matters. How do you know if a person is harsh and mean? His face is pale and thin, with little flesh. He is impetuous, his sinews are exposed, and his Adam's apple is also visible. His eye sockets are deep, his cheekbones are prominent, and his bridge of the nose is low. How do you know if a person is kind-hearted? His eyebrows are sparse and delicate, his eye sockets are long. His moral hall is bright and smooth, his forehead is wide. His lips are red and plump, his spirit is calm, and he speaks calmly and thoroughly.

何知此人身安逸？手足肉厚腰背平，印堂寬闊鼻顴正，口大皮鬆一世寧。何知此人多勞碌？眉寒眼大頸又縮，面長腳長皮粗枯，骨重眉重魚尾復。何知此人最聰明？目秀神清腦骨成，齒白唇紅鼻又正，印堂寬闊輔弼應。何知此人多技藝？毛眉纖結眼光透。鼻長面長眼睛長，手軟如綿顴有勢。

How do you know that a person has a peaceful life? His hands and feet are thick and muscular, his waist and back are straight and level; his forehead is broad, his nose and cheekbones are properly aligned; his mouth is large and his skin is loose—this person will have a lifetime of peace. How do you know that a person is hardworking? His eyebrows are thin and cold, his eyes are large, and his neck is short; his face is long and his legs are long, his skin is rough and dry; his bones are heavy, his eyebrows are thick, and his eye corners have deep lines. How do you know that a person is the most intelligent? His eyes are clear and elegant, his spirit is bright and clear, his occipital bone is well formed; his teeth are white, his lips are red, his nose bridge is straight; his forehead is broad, and the bones on both sides of his forehead are in harmony. How do you know that a person has many skills? His eyebrows are fine and form a line, his eyes are bright; his nose is long, his face is long, and his eye shape is also long; his hands are soft like silk, and his cheekbones have strength.

何知此士發鼎甲？眉高耳聳伏犀鼻，翰林品格要滿灑，進士神剛而性介。士之早發必係額聳耳，頭圓色。何知此人為耕農？上停短弓下停長，眉目粗濃骨格老，面上多塵眼中黃。為農而至富者，必須地角豐圓。為農而終貧，總必是三尖六削。

How can one know that a scholar will achieve the top three ranks (zhuangyuan, bangyan, tansha)? His eyebrows are high, his ears are prominent, and his nose bridge is straight and strong like a rhinoceros. A person destined for the Hanlin Academy should have a free and easy demeanor. Those who pass the imperial examination with distinction have a strong and vigorous appearance and a straightforward and principled nature. Those who achieve success early in their scholarly careers must have a high forehead, prominent ears, a round head shape, and a good complexion. How can one know that a person is a farmer? His upper forehead is short and curved, while his lower forehead is long; his eyebrows and eyes are thick and coarse, his bone structure is firm and rugged; his face has a dusty appearance, and his eyes have a yellowish tinge. A farmer who becomes wealthy will certainly have a full and round chin. A farmer who remains poor all his life will generally have three parts of his face pointed and six parts of his face sharp and narrow.

何知此人必作工？全憑一掌定其中，梓匠輪輿居下等，掌內稀紋指又頹。工分良賤，良者眼有神而形長，賤者眼無神而形短。何知此人必聽役？鼻小指禿肉必下，身弱神短有相兼，縱然魁偉亦店夥。凡僕隸下人，切不可用，鼻大者，不肯聽人言使喚；凡合夥做生意，切不可擇鼻小者，主無大財。

How do you know that a person will definitely become a craftsman? It is all determined by the palm of his hand: those who work as carpenters or make carts belong to the lower class, with sparse palm lines and dull, thick fingers. Craftsmen also differ between good and bad: the good ones have spirit in their eyes and a tall, slender body, while the bad ones lack spirit in their eyes and have a short, small body. How do you know that a person can only be a servant? He has a small nose, dull fingers, and sagging muscles; he is weak in body and short in spirit, with several of these traits together; even if he appears strong and tall, he can only be a shop assistant. Anyone who employs servants should never choose someone with a large nose, as such people are unwilling to obey orders; and when choosing partners for business, one should never pick someone with a small nose, as such people lack great wealth.

敬——見可敬者，貴壽而多男也。（有威、有媚、有態，精神端肅，聲音也諧，坐視平正，得純相之氣故也。）重——見可重者，貞潔而福澤也。（精神肅穆，舉止端莊，腰員背厚，面方胸闊，聲清重頤，言語溫柔，雅淡肅然，有不可犯者。）

The first character is "Jing" (respect): a woman whose first character is "Jing" commands immediate respect, indicating she is destined for high status, longevity, and bearing many sons. (Such a woman possesses dignity, charm, and grace; her spirit is solemn and upright, her voice harmonious, and when seated, her gaze is steady and level — because she possesses the aura of a pure and upright appearance.) The second character is "Chong" (weighty): a woman whose second character is "Chong" gives an immediate sense of solemnity, indicating she is chaste and blessed with good fortune. (Such a woman has a solemn spirit and dignified manner; her waist is round, her back is thick, her face is square, her chest is broad; her voice is clear and resonant, her chin is prominent; her speech is gentle, refined, and solemn, making others reluctant to offend her.)

喜——見可喜者，邪蕩而易誘也。（多風流媚態，令人有所思也。）輕——見可輕者，貧薄而賤妖也。（行若蛇，坐若斜，語痴，笑意情奢。）畏——見可畏者，剛強而欺心也。（聲殺面橫，額闊顴高，雀步蛇眼，似男子氣象。）恐——見可恐者，刑剋而惡極也。（三顴者丈夫聲，蜂目狼顴。）

The third character is "Xǐ" (Joy): A woman who brings joy at first sight, with a fickle and easily tempted nature. (Such women are often flirtatious and alluring, causing people to have improper thoughts.) The fourth character is "Qīng" (Light): A woman who inspires contempt at first sight, being poor, lowly, and licentious. (Such women walk like snakes, sit crookedly, speak in a dazed manner, and when they smile, it shows a sense of indulgence.) The fifth character is "Wèi" (Fear): A woman who inspires fear at first sight, with a strong and unscrupulous nature. (Such people speak with a murderous tone, have a fierce face, broad forehead, high cheekbones, walk like sparrows jumping, and have eyes like those of a snake, giving off a masculine appearance.) The sixth character is "Kǒng" (Fear): A woman who causes heart-pounding fear at first sight, with severe punishments and extreme cruelty. (Such people have three prominent cheekbones, speak in a man's voice, have eyes like bees, and cheekbones like those of a wolf.)

惡——見可惡者，丑、陋、怪、臭、硬也。（丑者，蠅面龜胸，唇抓齒露，眼白多，鼻孔仰；行如走奔，聲破，此之謂丑也。陋者擺手搖頭，咬指斜行，仰面偏顴，衣不稱體，此之謂陋也。）怪者，顴高眼深．髮短指齊，目凹辰須；臭者身臭口臭，陰臭狐臭也。硬者，骨硬、心腸硬、聲音硬，此必男轉女身。）駭——見可駭者，螺紋鼓角脈也。（螺者陰戶內旋，有物如螺；紋者，竅小實女也；鼓者，無竅如鼓；角者，陰內有物如角；則陰挺挺也。）

The seventh character is "evil": a woman who is immediately disliked, is characterized by five features: ugliness, meanness, strangeness, foulness, and hardness. (所谓 ugliness refers to a face like a fly, a chest like a tortoise shell, wrinkled lips, protruding teeth, excessive white of the eyes, and upturned nostrils; when walking, she moves like running, and her voice is hoarse—this is called ugliness.所谓 meanness refers to shaking hands and head, biting fingers, walking with a slanted body, looking up, and having crooked cheekbones, and wearing clothes that do not fit—this is called meanness.)the so-called strangeness refers to high cheekbones and deep eye sockets, short hair and fingers level with the palms, sunken eyes and facial hair on the lips.the so-called foulness refers to body odor, bad breath, vaginal odor, and body odor.the so-called hardness refers to hard bones, a hard heart, and a harsh voice—this is definitely a female body formed from a male fetus. The eighth character is "terrifying": a woman who is immediately frightening, refers to those with physical abnormalities such as spiral, narrow, swollen, and horn-like conditions. (Spiral refers to the inner part of the vagina spiraling, with something like a snail; narrow refers to a narrow vaginal opening, known as a tight woman; swollen refers to a vagina without an opening, like a drum surface; horn-like refers to something inside the vagina like a horn, with a prominent protrusion.)

大凡淫婦之相，每於舉動行為，言語飲食之間，總有一番矯操造作處，是為淫婦無疑。女人捲髮不相宜，行路昂頭一字眉；鼻節顴高唇又展，刑夫三兩又刑兒。桃花滿面眼流光，手搖搖頭軟腰妝；剔牙啄齒提衣領，側倚門前任四方。雀步蛇行狗蚤跳，一行一步把頭搖；路上行人忙掩面，與人私約度良宵。

In general, the appearance of a promiscuous woman often shows a certain artificiality in her actions, speech, and eating habits—when these signs are present, it is certain she is a promiscuous woman. Women with curly hair are not auspicious; those who walk with their heads high and eyebrows straight as a horizontal line; those with a bump on their nose, high cheekbones, and lips that spread outward—such people tend to harm their husbands and children. A face full of a rosy glow, eyes that move with a flirtatious glance; hands that shake their heads, intentionally making soft, yielding postures; picking teeth in public and pulling at their collar; leaning against a door, allowing people to look at them from all sides. Walking like a sparrow jumping, like a snake moving, like a dog flea leaping about; shaking their head with every step; passersby on the road see them and quickly cover their faces—such women are likely to have secret meetings with others.

天庭窄狹髮侵眉，頭角粗黃口角垂；眼下肉堆無肉起，貧窮一世又無兒。女子仰面更昂頭，口鼻生鬚不自由；髮垂眉粗腰又弱，隨軍隨賊走他州。低頭含笑是娼淫，手掠眉頭又看身；坐上頻搖低唱曲，偷情男子作夫親。赤日黃晴為育優，胸高額凸皺眉頭；口如吹火牙如炭，一世孤伶一世愁。

The heavens are narrow and constricted, with hair reaching to the eyebrows; the head and angles are rough and yellowish, the corners of the mouth droop downward; there is loose flesh beneath the eyes and the soft flesh beneath the eyes is not prominent — such a woman will be poor all her life and have no sons. A woman who walks with her head up and her face lifted; with fine hairs growing between her mouth and nose, and her movements are involuntary; with her hair hanging down, thick eyebrows, and a weak waist — such a person will follow soldiers or bandits and wander away from home. One who looks down with a smiling face is of a promiscuous nature; one who uses her hand to brush her eyebrows and then looks down at her own body; one who sits and frequently sways and hums songs softly — such a person will take a lover as her husband. Those with redness in the white of the eyes and yellowish pupils have many troubles in childbirth; those with high breasts, prominent foreheads, and furrowed brows; those with their mouths puckered as if blowing fire and black teeth like charcoal — such a person will be lonely and full of sorrow all her life.

人中平坦子難成，況雙龍宮有破坑；眉粗殺重唇色暗，深眼凸額養難成。手指如錘節又疏，乳頭不黑受奔波；臀重無腰行步急，不為娼婦亦姨婆。口小齒細眼微微，足動頤搖聲又嘶；斜視頻嗤鼻孔依，貪淫好色老須為。面無華色聲又破，顴高髮重夫先過；縱有兒生恐未真，性情堅硬急中錯。

A person with a flat and smooth middle of the face lacks a groove, making it difficult to raise a son; moreover, the two dragon palaces (the area around the eyes) are damaged and sunken. The eyebrows are thick and harsh, the lips are dark and dull, the eye sockets are deep, and the forehead is prominent—this person is difficult to raise from birth. The fingers are thick and blunt like hammers, and the finger joints are sparse; the nipple is not dark in color—this person will suffer from much hardship. The buttocks are heavy without a waist, and the person walks quickly—unless becoming a prostitute, they are destined to be a concubine or a matchmaker. The mouth is small, the teeth are fine, and the eyes are squinting; the feet are constantly moving, the chin wobbles, and the voice is hoarse; looking at people with a slant, frequently laughing mockingly, and the nostrils are flared—this person is lustful and fond of lust, and cannot change even in old age. The face lacks luster, the voice is broken; the cheekbones are high, and the hair is thick—this indicates the husband will die first; even if a son is born, it may not be the biological son; the nature is hard and stubborn, and mistakes are easily made in impatience.

頭圓額平，骨細皮滑，唇紅齒白，髮香髮軟髮幼；眼長眉秀，指尖掌厚紋細密，聲清寡言笑；行緩而正。坐臥端靜，神清氣和；豐碩重頤，背圓腰平，腹垂胸闊肩圓，面如滿月；乳大不垂，臍深有托，身白過面；齒大而齊，鬢薄烏潤，骨肉勻稱，身上馨香。

A woman who is both skilled in appearance and possesses virtue has a round head and a flat forehead, delicate bone structure, smooth and moist skin; red lips and white teeth; hair that is fragrant, soft and fine; long and elegant eyes with clear eyebrows; slender fingers and thick palms with fine palm lines; a clear and bright voice, not talkative nor overly smiling; walking with composure and upright posture; sitting and lying quietly and properly, with a bright spirit and calm demeanor; a plump figure, a prominent chin; a rounded back, a level waist, a hanging lower abdomen, an open chest, round shoulders, a face like a full moon; large breasts that do not sag; a deep navel with a firm base; skin whiter than her face; large and even teeth; thin and dark hair at the temples; well-proportioned body; and a fragrant scent on her body.

顴露骨而太高，結喉露齒；蓬頭亂髮，蛇行鼠步；眉連髮粗，鼻上生節；勾鼻露孔目露四白；額上有紋，雞胸狗肚；眼筋多纏睛，雄聲焦烈；生鬚生痣，下唇過上唇，上唇大厚；斜倚門前、側目窺人；未講先笑，行走頭嫋，整衣弄鬢，停針皺眉；搖身唱曲，髮黃無眉，而多班痣，有眉無威。

The evil and lustful features of a woman are: her cheekbones are prominent and high, her Adam's apple is pronounced, her teeth are exposed; her hair is messy; she walks like a snake or a rat; her eyebrows are connected, her hair is coarse and hard; there are bumps on her nose bridge; her nose is curved and her nostrils are exposed; her eyes are surrounded by white and the pupil is fully visible; there are lines on her forehead; her chest is like a chicken's chest and her abdomen is like a dog's abdomen; red veins circle around her eyes; her voice is strong and fierce; she has facial hair on her lips and moles on her face; her lower lip covers the upper lip, and the upper lip is especially thick; she leans against the door and looks sideways at people; she laughs before speaking; her head and neck move constantly while walking; she keeps adjusting her clothes and playing with her hair; she frowns while doing needlework; she sways her body while singing; her hair is yellow and she has almost no eyebrows; she has many moles on her face; she has eyebrows but lacks dignity.

人中平滿，眼下肉枯；龍宮沖破，口如吹火；女生男相，眼深骨粗；唇黑口大。無牙額凸；面黑聲洪，兩眉豎起，見人則笑；鷹視狼顧，羊飧雀步；舌急口快，面色青烏；眉稜骨現，陰沈不聲；作事乖張，行坐若思；頭垂暗點，聲焦眼斜．聲急眼酷。眼光如豔，面帶桃花，面光如油，口大無收什；陰戶毛如草，陰戶硬無肉；面滑身澀，喜怒無常；一搖三擺，盼前顧後；坐立不定，夢中多驚，皆淫惡之相也。

The person's area between the eyebrows is flat and full without a groove, the muscles under the eyes are dry and withered; the dragon palace is broken, the mouth is puckered as if blowing fire; a woman has a male appearance, with deep eye sockets and large bones; the lips are black and the mouth is large; teeth are falling out, the forehead is prominent; the face is black and the voice is loud; the eyebrows are raised, and the person smiles at everyone; the eyes are sharp like an eagle's gaze, and when turning back, it is like a wolf on guard; the eating manner is like a sheep, and the walking manner is like a quail jumping; the tongue moves quickly and the mouth speaks quickly, the face is dark and green; the eyebrows' bones are prominent, and the person is gloomy and silent; the person acts strangely, whether sitting or walking, it seems as if calculating something; the head is lowered, with dark spots on the face, the voice is hoarse and the eyes are slanted, the tone is urgent and the gaze is cold; the eyes are bright and attractive, the face has a rosy glow, the face is oily, the mouth is large and cannot be closed; the pubic hair is messy like grass, the genital area is hard and lacks flesh; the face is smooth but the skin is rough, and the person is fickle in mood; each step is unsteady, looking around constantly; restless when sitting or standing, often waking up from sleep in dreams — these are all signs of a淫恶 (lewd and evil) appearance.

女人面赤黑，定知有為厄；唇齒不能蓋，為中多事故；女人面上黃，懷孕必安康；左掌青紅男，右掌青紅女，明豔生為易，枯稿難生育；左肢先動男，右腳先動女；回顧分左右，三陽青色子，如若三陰紅又決是生女。女人過於肥者，主無子；過於瘦者，主刑剋；過於高者，主刑剋；女人眼露、唇抓、齒露，主為厄；掌中震位黑皆然。

A pregnant woman whose face appears red with a hint of black is likely to face difficulties during childbirth. If her lips cannot cover her teeth, there may be accidents during labor. If her face shows a yellow color, the pregnancy is expected to be safe. If the left palm shows a reddish-blue color, it indicates a male child; if the right palm shows the same, it indicates a female child. A bright palm color suggests an easy delivery, while a dry and dull palm color suggests difficulty in conceiving. If the fetus moves first with the left limb, it is a male; if the right foot moves first, it is a female. The direction in which the pregnant woman turns her head, left or right, can also indicate the gender of the child. If the eyes and the three yang areas below the eyes show a blue color, it indicates a male child. If the three yin areas show a red color, it indicates a female child. A woman who is overly fat is likely to be childless. A woman who is overly thin or excessively tall is likely to experience conflicts or difficulties. A woman with protruding eyes, wrinkled lips, and exposed teeth is likely to face difficulties during childbirth. If the area under the thumb (the zhen position) on the palm is dark, it also indicates difficulties during childbirth.

命宮在印堂。直平圓有光，兩眉不沖吉，忌眉連，忌眉堅；忌眉逼，忌紋沖，忌中正位斷。

The "Ming Gong" is located in the area of the forehead. This area should be straight, flat, round, and lustrous. It is auspicious if the eyebrows do not directly confront the forehead. It is inauspicious if the eyebrows are connected together over the forehead, if the eyebrows are stiff and upright, if the eyebrows are too close to the forehead, if there are lines that break through the area, or if the bone structure in the central upper position is broken and disconnected.

財帛宮；上停在天倉，宜滿宜圓；忌天倉陷，忌紋沖，忌髮閉，忌缺陷。中停在在鼻及額，忌破顴，忌龍宮沖，忌眼露，忌山根無氣貫，忌戊土骨露；忌金甲二櫃削薄，忌井為大露孔，忌眉不蓋目，忌須過命門；忌缺當門齒，忌面紅，忌準紅。

The "Wealth and Treasure Palace" should be examined in three sections. The upper section of the Wealth and Treasure Palace is located at the Heavenly Granary. It is favorable if this area is full and round; it is unfavorable if the Heavenly Granary is sunken, if there are cracks or breaks, if hair covers it, or if there are defects. The middle section of the Wealth and Treasure Palace is located around the nose and the two cheekbones. It is unfavorable if the cheekbones are broken, if the Dragon Palace is disrupted, if the eyes are too prominent, if the bridge of the nose lacks vitality and does not connect smoothly, if the nose bone (representing Wu Earth) is isolated and lacks flesh; it is also unfavorable if the two wealth storage areas, the Golden Armor and the Granary, are thin, if the nostrils are large and the nasal openings are exposed, if the eyebrows cover the eyes, if the mustache extends beyond the life gate, if the front teeth are missing, if the face is red, or if the nose tip is red.

下停在地庫，宜地骨朝，宜口紅潤，宜不缺當門牙，宜鬚烏潤清疏，宜兩顴豐滿重頤頷；忍無地閣，忌口角反，忌鬚困門，忌波池、鵝鴨陷，忌口小、口薄、口黑，忌鬚密、鬚硬、鬚焦，鎖喉鬚，開燕尾，鬚開叉。

The wealth and treasure palace in the lower part is located in the earth storehouse. It is favorable for the jawbone to be lifted upward and to form a bowing shape, for the lips to be red and plump, for the front teeth to be complete, for the mustache to be black, moist, and clear, and for the two cheekbones to be full with the lower jaw overlapping and thick. It is unfavorable to have a short and retracted lower jaw, for the corners of the mouth to turn downward, for the mustache to encircle the mouth, for the pool area and the goose and duck areas to be sunken, for the mouth to be small and the lips to be thin and black, for the mustache to be too dense, hard, and dry, and also for the mustache to block the throat or to split into a swallow's tail shape with the ends of the mustache splitting apart.

崑玉宮在眉。宜疏秀、彎長、有彩；忌豎毛，忌尾反，忌尾散尾短促，忌逆生，忌異色，忌黃薄；長秀起伏，兄弟和睦；短促疏散，兄弟欠力；反生堅毛，刑剋不睦。

"The 'Kun Yu Palace' refers to the brother palace, located above the eyebrows. The eyebrows should be open, clear, and elegant, with long, curved, and bright eyebrows; they should avoid being inverted, having the ends pointing outward, being scattered and short, or growing in the opposite direction. They should also avoid having unusual colors, being dry, yellow, thin, or sparse. If the eyebrows are long and elegant with variations in their shape, it indicates harmony among brothers. If the eyebrows are short, scattered, and weak, it suggests that brothers cannot support each other. If the eyebrows grow in the opposite direction and are hard, it indicates conflicts and disharmony among brothers."

田宅宮上在山林，中在兩眼，下在地閣。山林豐滿有氣，祖業可居；眼凹深色，獨自創業有限；地閣隆起特朝，終身豐足；眉高則創業阻，鬚密則晚境憂；天倉沖破，祖業縱有必敗；地閣不朝，晚境田莊必敗。

The Field and Residence sector is divided into three parts: the upper part is on the mountains and forests, the middle part is around the eyes, and the lower part is on the lower jaw. If the mountains and forests are full and have vitality, the family's ancestral property will be well maintained. If the eye sockets are deep and the color is dark, one can only start a business oneself, but achievements will be limited. If the lower jaw is prominent and especially curves upward to embrace, one will have a life of abundance. High eyebrows indicate obstacles in starting a business; dense beard suggests worries in old age. If the Heavenly Granary is broken, even if ancestral property exists, it will surely fail. If the lower jaw does not curve upward to embrace, the family's fields and estates in old age will certainly decline.

子嗣宮在眼下龍宮位，名日淚堂。沖破子女多形；宜龍宮滿，色黃明；人中深，地閣朝，奸門滿，額無天羅紋沖人奸門；眼眶木烏鴉，不深不暗；須不密硬粗焦，乳多珠毛，乳頭不破，濟深向上，腹有托，皆豐腰厚不陷。

The "Children's Palace" is located at the current position of the Dragon Palace, also known as the "Tear Hall." If this area is broken, children are often harmed. This palace should have a full Dragon Palace, with a bright yellow complexion; the philtrum should be deep and long, the chin should be upturned and embracing, the奸门 should be full; there should be no heavenly net pattern on the forehead entering the奸门; the eye sockets should not show dark spots like crows, neither deep nor dark; the mustache should not be too dense, not hard, not coarse, not dry and brittle; the breasts should be full with distinct particles, with soft hair around them, and the nipple should not be damaged; the navel should be deep and upward, the lower abdomen should have a supporting base, and the waist should be thick and not sunken.

忌天羅紋，多主妻難為子；忌奸門陷黑，主妻病少育；忌眼陷烏，生少子；忌眼下臥蠶有羅網紋，主養他人子；忌眼下蠢肉起，忌淚堂沖破，忌人中平滿，忌眉加羅漢，忌壽紋過多，忌面色青藍黑暗，滿面斑點；忌乳破無珠，忌乳多毛，臍淺無攔；忌濟下垂，忌腹無托，忌雞胸。

This palace is unfavorable if there are heavenly net patterns on the forehead, which often indicate difficulties in childbirth for the wife and difficulty in having children; if the奸门 is sunken and dark, it suggests the wife may be ill and have few children; if the eye sockets are deeply sunken and dark, it indicates few children; if there are network-like fine lines in the area beneath the eyes, it suggests raising another person's son; if there is a lump of flesh beneath the eyes; if the tear hall is broken; if the philtrum is flat and lacks a groove; if the eyebrows grow like the brows of a Bodhisattva, being thick and messy; if there are too many longevity bands; if the face is bluish-black and covered with spots; if the nipples are damaged and lack granules; if there is excessive hair beside the breasts; if the navel is shallow and lacks a border; if the navel hangs down; if there is no support beneath the lower abdomen; if there is a chicken chest.

訣云：淚堂暗陷於嗣多傷，三陽光滿兒女成群；龍宮暗陷奸凹，雖生少育；口如吹火人中平，到老無幾；兩眉垂下多生女，兩眼尖長主貴男；臥蠶黑暗又多紋，義男先而有損；兩顴黑陷又帶破，於嗣得而難全；唇光者，子少而身不壽；濟仰者，子早而必無災；血痣頻生，子亦冒隆而又貴；乳珠多聳，子亦結實而少虛；多毛者，主於嗣多生而多可；乳毛少，主子嗣足而少刑。

The mnemonic says: If the tear hall is dark, sunken, and concave, there will be many injuries to children; if the three yang areas are bright, full, and smooth, there will be many children. If the dragon palace is dark and sunken, and the cunning gate is concave, although children may be born, they will not grow up. If the mouth is curled like blowing fire and the person's middle is full and smooth, one will not have many children even in old age. If the eyebrows hang down, there will be more daughters; if the eyes are sharp and long, there will be a noble son. If the fish scales are dark and have many lines, the first adopted son will suffer damage; if the cheeks are black, sunken, and have breaks, even if children are obtained, they will be hard to keep. If the lips have a faint glow, there will be few children and the person will not live long; if the navel is raised, children will be obtained early and without disaster. If there are frequent blood spots on the body, sons will be numerous and prosperous; if the breasts are full, high, and firm, sons will be strong and not wasted. If there is much hair on the sides of the breasts, there will be many children but many will die young; if there is little hair on the sides of the breasts, the number of children will be sufficient but there will be few injuries.

奴僕宮居懸壁位。宜地闊朝元。頦圓頷豐，口大唇紅；稜角朝上，兩顴有勢者吉。忌地閣反，口反、口小、牙疏髮密；兩顴缺陷，顴偏準偏，皆不利於奴僕也。訣云：圓頗豐頤，侍立多而心腹；唇丹口闊，奴僕盛而心忠；呼聚喝散，無非眉重鬚密；人中無鬚多怨謗，地閣歪斜狡猾遲。

The "Servant's Palace" is located at the position of the suspended wall, which is near the lower part of the face, beside the ears. This palace is favorable when the lower jaw is broad and curves upward to embrace the face, the chin is round, the jaw is full, the mouth is large with red lips, the corners of the mouth are sharp and upward, and the cheekbones are strong and prominent—this is considered auspicious. It is unfavorable if the lower jaw is turned outward, if the corners of the mouth droop downward, if the mouth is small, if the teeth are sparse while the hair is thick, or if the cheekbones are deficient or uneven, or if the nose is crooked—these are all signs of difficulty in employing people. The mnemonic says: a round chin and full cheeks indicate many servants who are loyal; red lips and a wide mouth indicate a thriving and loyal servant force. The power to gather people with a single call and disperse them with a single command comes from thick eyebrows and a dense beard. If there is no beard growing in the philtrum area, it often leads to resentment and slander; if the chin is crooked, the people employed are cunning and slow in their work.

妻妾宮居奸位。宜光潤豐滿，無痣無紋，無筋無破告。忌凹陷，忌黑暗，忌多筋，忌眉稜骨起，忌眉毛沖；忌山根斷，忌眉黃薄，忌準無肉，忌有十字紋，忌華蓋紋沖；忌破顴，忌髮粗硬。

The "Wife and Concubine Palace" is located at the Jianmen position, which is between the outer corner of the eye and the hairline. This area should be smooth, full, and free from moles, markings, visible veins, or injuries. It is unfavorable if it is sunken, dark and dull, has many veins, or if the brow bone is prominent. It is also unfavorable if the bridge of the nose is broken or sunken, if the eyebrows are dry, yellow, thin, or sparse, if the nose lacks flesh, if there is a cross mark here, if there is a Huagui pattern (a horizontal mark on the forehead) that conflicts with this area, or if the cheekbones are damaged. It is also unfavorable if the hair is coarse and hard.

訣云：奸門豐妻妾賢能，凹陷黑暗妻防為死；顴骨插天倉，因妻致富；鼻頭圓有肉，得妻掌財；魚尾多生妻必克，奸門破陷無幾婚；生離死別，無非無非奸門陷而眉骨高；妾奪妻權，無非右眉豎面左眉伏；頤侵顴，眉壓目，妻妾弄權；右眉豎，奸左黑，妾攘妻位；奸門紋成十字，妻妾死於非命之中；山根紋成八字，姜宮定有刑剋之患；妻防為死，山根年壽有線紋；妻子患無成，華蓋多紋沖本位；顴骨起鋒妻必克，奸口多筋必災；亂針沖印，妻必刑；年壽起節，姜隔角；眉尾婆婆妻妾多，天倉太陷妻嗣欠利；奸門青黑訪小為，顴骨太高防難為。

The mnemonic says: if the "Jianmen" is full and plump, the wife and concubines are virtuous and capable; if the "Jianmen" is sunken and dark, one should beware of the wife dying from complications during childbirth. If the "Quan Gu" (cheekbone) intrudes into the "Tian Cang" (Heavenly Granary), it is due to the wife that one becomes wealthy. If the nose is round and has flesh, one can gain control of wealth through the wife. Those with many fish tail lines on the forehead will surely harm their wife; if the "Jianmen" is damaged and sunken, the marriage will not last long. Separation and death between husband and wife are due to the "Jianmen" being sunken and the "Migui" (eyebrow bone) being high. A concubine seizing the position of the wife is due to the right eyebrow being upright and the left one low. If both cheeks intrude into the "Quan Gu" and the eyebrows press on the eyes, the wife and concubine will control the family's affairs. If the right eyebrow is upright and the left "Jianmen" is dark, the concubine will seize the position of the wife. If the "Jianmen" has a cross line, the wife and concubine will die violently. If the "Shan Gen" (bridge of the nose) has an eight-character line, the wife's palace (Jiang Gong) will suffer from calamity. To beware of the wife dying from childbirth complications, check if there are fine lines on the "Shan Gen" and "Nian Shou" (year and longevity lines). If the wife and children are always unsuccessful, check if the "Hua Gai" (celestial cover) line is numerous and conflicts with the native palace. If the "Quan Gu" is sharp and pointed, it will harm the wife. If there are many blue veins around the "Jianmen" and mouth, there will be disasters. If the lines are chaotic like needles and conflict with the "Yintang" (forehead), the wife will suffer injuries. If the "Nian Shou" has bony protrusions, there will be discord with the wife as if separated by a corner. If the eyebrows' ends are fluffy and disordered, there will be many wives and concubines. If the "Tian Cang" is too sunken, the wife and children will not be smooth. If the "Jianmen" is dark and black, beware of trouble caused by a mistress. If the "Quan Gu" is too high, also beware of the wife having difficult childbirth.

年壽為疾厄宮。山根宜豐滿，有樑柱有肉，色鮮明無斑點清紋則吉。忌削、忌低、忌紋沖，忌起節、忌山根斷，忌色暗斑痣。訣云：瑩然光潤總無災，年壽豐隆亦免劫；紋青色暗宿疾纏，薄弱露骨瘦塔疾；青暗年壽不久病來，枯骨尖科身疾苦；準頭痣弓主痔病，年壽暗黑主血災；山根青黑催尸殺動，必防將死到來時；鼻位塵埃無法殺，倘加占病在垂危；口汞暗烏將終絕，盧醫扁鵲亦難醫。

The longevity area (middle part of the nose bridge) is called the "Ji'E Gong." The root of the nose should be full and strong, with a ridge and column and flesh, and the color should be bright and clear, without spots or mixed patterns, which is auspicious. It is inauspicious if it is thin, low, or has lines breaking through, or if there are bone knots, the root of the nose is broken or sunken, or if the color is dark or there are spots and moles. A mnemonic says: if the nose is bright and smooth, there will be no calamity; if the longevity area is full and strong, one can avoid disasters. If there are green lines or the color is dull, one will be plagued by chronic illness; if the nose bridge is weak and exposed, or thin and collapsed, one will suffer from many diseases. If the longevity area is dark and green, illness is imminent; if the bone is dry and sharp, one will suffer from many ailments. A mole on the nose tip indicates hemorrhoids, and a dark and black longevity area indicates blood-related calamity. If the root of the nose is dark and black, it indicates the death omen is activated, and one must beware of imminent death. If the nose appears covered with dust and cannot be cleared, and if there is an illness, it indicates the person is in critical condition. If the area around the mouth is dark and black, it indicates the end of life, even the famous doctors like Lu Yu and Bian Que cannot save the person.

遷移者位居五嶽，分乎四方，面亦如之。相若南嶽佳，則宜南向之宅；北嶽佳，則直北向之宅；東西亦如之。動取馬位辦加之，床位亦加之；東南、西南、東北、西北四隅位，宜從天倉、懸壁部位看，倘此四角陷缺，則坐宅、床位、馹馬約不宜向南也。至如問馹馬動否，動之吉凶否，則獨從馹馬上看；明則動吉，暗則動凶，暗主不動。

The "Migration Palace" is located over the five mountains, which correspond to the four directions. The human face is also divided according to these directions. In face reading, if the southern mountain (forehead) is good, it is suitable to live in a house facing south; if the northern mountain (chin) is good, it is suitable to live facing north; the eastern and western mountains (cheeks) are also considered similarly. When considering travel, one should also check the position of the Post Horse. The direction for placing the bed should also be determined in this way. The four corners—southeast, southwest, northeast, and northwest—should be examined based on the Heavenly Granary and the Hanging Wall. If these four corners are concave or missing, then the direction the house faces, the bed's position, and the direction of travel should not be south. To determine whether it is appropriate to move or whether moving is auspicious, one should look only at the Post Horse position: if the Post Horse is bright and clear, moving is auspicious; if it is dark and dim, moving is inauspicious, and dark colors indicate it is not suitable to move.

鼻為官，口為祿，印堂為印，兩顴為權，額為貴人，俱官相配。其餘輔弼、耳目、頤。法令，一概推詳，然後始辨官祿之大小升降也。倘鼻破鼻斷，顴偏眉壓，目反地閣不朝；鬚困口聲破，眼露準紅，唇黑倉庫木豐，面多斑痣，須連俱忌。

The interpretation of the "Official Rank Palace" is as follows: the nose represents official position, the mouth represents salary, the forehead represents the official seal, and the two cheekbones represent authority. The forehead also symbolizes the nobleman who provides support. These areas should all be harmonious with each other. Other features such as the left and right ministers, ears, eyes, cheeks, and the lines on the face should also be carefully examined. Only then can one determine the level and fluctuation of official rank. If the nose is damaged or the bridge of the nose is broken, the cheekbones are crooked, the eyebrows press over the eyes, the eyelids are turned out and the chin does not curve upward to embrace the face; if the mustache surrounds the mouth and the voice is hoarse, the eyes are prominent and the tip of the nose is red; if the lips are black and the face lacks fullness, there are many spots and moles on the face, and the mustache connects with the beard—these are all considered unfavorable signs.

福德上居天庭山林位，起則主祖山風水發；邱林家墓亦然，有起則為風水所催；又居邊城天中位，起則主有夙根，得神力祖德扶持護吉也。又居兩顴，主家運；如顴沖色暗，必因家運不吉；倘有黃明白色，不沖不破，是家運興也；又居臥蠶眼下處，主心裡，如心田好，必起臥蠶形，是心田發也；否則多黑暗靈沖龍宮，或起蠢肉，或生斑點在龍宮位。

The "Fortune Virtue Palace" is located at the areas of the heavenly court and mountain forest; if these areas are prominent, it indicates that the ancestral tomb's风水 is beneficial and brings fortune. The same applies to the areas of hills and tombs; if they are prominent, it shows that the风水 is actively promoting good fortune. The Fortune Virtue Palace is also located at the areas of the border city and the center of the sky; if these areas are prominent, it indicates that there is a solid foundation from past lives, and one can receive support and protection from divine power and ancestral virtue. The Fortune Virtue Palace is also located at the areas of the cheekbones and the area below the eyes; it indicates the nature of a person. If a person's nature is good, the area of the cheekbones will definitely be full and well-formed, indicating that the heart field is flourishing with fortune. Otherwise, one may see dark qi invading the dragon palace area, or the formation of dull flesh, or spots appearing at the dragon palace position.

相貌之法先相掌，次看身，三看面，四揣杭骨。有福之相，掌則潤秀軟，否則粗硬薄削；身直不露筋骨，肌膚潤澤乃為有福；否則露筋露骨，肥瘦俱不合格也。至相其面，先從五嶽觀看，五嶽豐者為富；次從四瀆觀看，四瀆成者為貴；再分三停，額至眉為初年所主，有輸可行；眼至準為中運所司，有顴可用；人中至地閣為晚運，額與兩頤俱要均全；須為晚福，吉凶直判於斯；眉為少年，可否亦從此斷。訣云：鬚眉為男子之威，密濃多滯；眼睛為一生之殺，闇昧亦衰；骨法不宜暴露，肉色不宜腫浮，精神最宜清爽，色澤最宜黃明，此乃相貌之大概也。

The order of examining appearance is: first look at the palms, then the body, third the face, and fourth the bones. A fortunate appearance is characterized by moist, elegant, and soft palms; otherwise, they are rough, hard, thin, and sharp. The body should be upright without revealing bones, and the skin moist, which indicates fortune; otherwise, bones are exposed, and being too fat or too thin is not acceptable. When examining the face, start with the Five Mountains, and those who have full Five Mountains are wealthy. Then look at the Four Rivers, and those with proper Four Rivers are noble. Further divide into three parts: from the forehead to the eyebrows govern the early years, and there should be auxiliary bones for it to be effective; from the eyes to the nose tip govern the middle years, and there should be cheekbones for it to be effective; from the philtrum to the chin govern the later years, and the forehead and both cheeks should be evenly full. Beards indicate later fortune, and the good or bad fate is determined here; eyebrows indicate the youth's fortune, and whether it is effective is also determined here. The mnemonic says: beards and eyebrows are the dignity of a man, but being too dense or thick can cause blockage; eyes are the source of life and death, and being dim and unclear indicates decline. Bones should not be exposed, flesh should not be swollen, spirit should be clear and bright, and complexion should be yellow and bright. This is the general idea of facial examination.

色者飾也，現於外者也。色有一日一變，有數日、數十日一變；大抵以久凝為實色，則可以定吉凶。然已凝為實色，則必見效驗，然後乃散，既散無復再見也。倘有見了效驗而仍不散者，主事還有復見，故不能聚然散也，祈細心體認焉。求功名宜額上黃光，印堂紫色，兩顴明潤，眉中旋豔則利，暗不利；求子嗣宜三陽明潤，黃明色在臥蠶，或紫氣在印堂佳，暗不利；求財帛宜準頭明潤，年壽有光明氣則大財，無論黃紫均吉，暗不利。

The term "color" refers to the external manifestation of qi, visible on the surface of the skin. Colors can change daily, or take several days or even weeks to change. Generally, colors that remain stable for a long time are called "real colors," and these real colors can be used to determine fortune or misfortune. Once a color has solidified, it must manifest an effect before it dissipates; once it dissipates, it will not reappear. If an effect has already been seen but the color does not dissipate, it indicates that the matter will occur again, so it cannot dissipate quickly—this point requires careful consideration. For those seeking official rank, a yellow glow on the forehead, a purple glow in the forehead area, bright cheeks, and bright colors swirling in the eyebrows are auspicious signs indicating success; dark colors are inauspicious. For those seeking offspring, the three yang areas should be bright, with a yellow and bright color appearing on the inner corners of the eyes, or a purple glow in the forehead area, which is favorable; dark colors are inauspicious. For those seeking wealth, a bright and moist nose tip and a bright glow at the year longevity point indicate great wealth, with yellow or purple colors being auspicious; dark colors are inauspicious.

求升遷宜五嶽有紫氣，天庭有黃明色，或馹馬有黃明色，俱主升遷；倘馹馬位暗，印堂位暗，主降謫；色白主丁憂。求馹騏馹馬主得財，黑主疾病，暗主死亡，又防水厄盜賊，白色在印、在額主孝服。青色在山根主憂，主火災濃血；青在三陽主子災，赤色在山根，主火災濃血；赤在兩顴、在印主官訟；黑在命門、在準頭、在口主死，黑在天庭主死，黑在兩顴主刑子，黑在奸門主刑妻，黑在三陽子死。

Those seeking promotion should see the five mountains displaying purple qi, the heavenly court showing yellow brightness, or the Post Horse position showing yellow brightness; these signs indicate promotion. If the Post Horse position is dark, or the印堂 is dark, it indicates demotion. If white appears in the印堂 or on the forehead, it indicates mourning. If green appears on the山根, it indicates worry and also suggests fire disasters and diseases involving pus and blood; if green appears on the three yang positions, it indicates disaster for children. If red appears on the山根, it also indicates fire disasters and diseases involving pus and blood; if red appears on the two cheeks or the印堂, it indicates legal troubles. If black appears on the命门, the nose, or the mouth, it indicates death; if black appears on the heavenly court, it also indicates death; if black appears on the two cheeks, it indicates harm to children; if black appears on the奸门, it indicates harm to the wife; if black appears on the three yang positions, it indicates the death of the son. For those asking about travel, a good color at the Post Horse position indicates gaining wealth, black indicates illness, darkness indicates death, and one should also be cautious of water disasters and thieves.

黃色在天庭主升官，黃明在三陽主得貴子；黃明在準頭主財，黃色宜黃明，而不明反生災病。藍色滿面主欠陰德，有陰毒事見；紅在印堂主訟，紅在兩顴主是非劫財，紅在準頭主劫財，紅在年壽主血疾；面帶紅色者，主火災，財散喪身也。

The color yellow currently in the heavens indicates promotion; yellow brightness in the three yang positions signifies gaining a noble son; yellow brightness on the nose indicates gaining wealth. Yellow is favorable when it is bright and moist; if yellow is dull, it may lead to illness. If blue covers the entire face, it indicates a lack of Yin Virtue, and there may be manifestations of hidden evils. Red in the forehead indicates legal troubles; red on both cheeks indicates disputes and loss of wealth; red on the nose indicates financial loss; red on the year and lifespan position indicates blood disorders. If red appears on the face, it signifies fire-related disasters, leading to dispersal of wealth and possibly death.

掌中噴血，財帛豐盈；掌中生黃，家有死亡；掌中生青，定有憂驚；掌白不潤，時運未榮；掌色乾燥，財帛有劫；掌中烏鴉，病上有差；黑色為烏鴉。掌中紫色，財祿兼至；掌中卦暗，求謀未遂，掌上紅黃，財貴來忙；指上光潤，時運將通；指上色暗，時運仍滯。

The palms are red and moist, like about to bleed, indicating wealth and prosperity; if the palms are yellow, there will be death in the family; if the palms are green, there will be worries and fears; if the palms are white but not moist, the time of success has not yet arrived; if the palms are dry, wealth will be stolen; if there are black spots like crows on the palms, the illness will change for the worse—so-called crow spots are black spots. If the palms show purple, both wealth and official rank will come; if a certain trigram position on the palm is dark, there will be no success in that area; if red and yellow colors appear on the palms, wealth and noble status will come quickly. If the fingers are shiny, the time of success is coming; if the fingers are dark, the time of success is still blocked.

正二月是寅卯屬木，宜參右耳右顴，次看鼻，鼻乃一相之主；又看額，額乃大中貴人，姑無論黃明、黃光。紅明、紫氣、青潤俱佳，總宜潤者為貴，暗不利，不必泥春屬本定青色也，餘仿此不復贅。三月成，六月未，九月戌，十二月丑，俱屬土；宜先看鼻姑無論何色總宜黃光不暗，年壽頭山根知之則佳，再相顴可也；如火、紅、青不利，紫黃而明者亦佳。

In the first and second months, which are the years of Yin and Mao, the Five Phases belong to wood. At this time, one should primarily examine the right ear and the right cheekbone, and then the nose — the nose is the main feature of the face. Next, look at the forehead, which represents a great nobleman who supports and elevates one. At this time, regardless of whether the complexion shows yellow brightness, yellow glow, red brightness, purple aura, or green luster, it is considered favorable, as long as it is moist and lustrous. Darkness is unfavorable. One should not rigidly follow the idea that "since spring belongs to wood, it should show a green color." For the other months, the same principle applies, and there is no need to repeat them. In the third month (Chen), sixth month (Wei), ninth month (Xu), and twelfth month (Chou), which all belong to earth, one should first examine the nose. Regardless of the color, it should be yellow, moist, lustrous, and not dark. The area from the year position to the bridge of the nose should be good. Then examine the two cheekbones. If the complexion shows red, fire color, or green, it is unfavorable. Purple and yellow with brightness and moisture are considered favorable.

四月巳，五月午，屬火；宜看額，次看鼻，總宜紅黃紫色乃佳，餘不利。七月申，八月酉，屬金；宜看左耳，次看鼻。額，若得耳無暗滯，鼻、額通明，無論黃而明者乃佳，白而生色如佳，金不利，紅防劫財。十月亥、十一月子，屬水；宜看目、唇，宜色鮮、紅潤者，細宜黑色清潤，再看鼻額，若得其光明四透則佳，俱無論紫黃而明固佳也；至若黑而枯不利，青亦然，不必泥青宜春，紅宜夏，自宜秋、黑宜冬，黃宜四季也。

In April and May, which belong to the fire element, one should first examine the forehead, then the nose. The complexion should show red, yellow, or purple tones; other colors are unfavorable. In July and August, which belong to the metal element, one should first look at the left ear, then the nose and forehead. As long as the ear shows no dullness, and the nose and forehead are bright and clear, regardless of the color, yellow that is bright and moist is best, and white with life energy is also good. Pure white or golden tones are unfavorable. If red appears, one should be cautious of financial loss. In October and November, which belong to the water element, one should examine the eyes and lips, preferring bright and moist colors. Upon closer inspection, black that is clear and moist is best. Then check the nose and forehead; if they are bright and clear, it is good. Whether purple or yellow, as long as they are bright and moist, they are favorable. Black that is dry and withered is unfavorable, as is green. One should not rigidly follow the old saying that "green is suitable for spring, red for summer, white for autumn, black for winter, and yellow for all seasons."

看氣色亦扣準節令，至緊先開部位吉凶，然後乃看；氣色佳而部位不好，可保救一大半；若部位佳而氣色不好，則刑動終有不免。至如掌色，不論月份，總要紅黃、紫而光明透亮者佳也；面色最忌紅，凡水災、身災，官非、口舌、刑剋，都有防者。

Observing the complexion also requires accuracy in the seasonal timing. Most important is first determining the inherent fortune or misfortune of each body part, then observing the complexion: if the complexion is good but the body part itself is not, one can still save or recover a large portion; if the body part is good but the complexion is poor, when punishment and clash occur, misfortune is inevitable. As for the complexion on the palms, it does not distinguish by month, and generally red, yellow, purple, and bright colors are favorable. A red face is most to be avoided, as water-related disasters, physical harm, legal troubles, disputes, and punishments should all be guarded against.

印堂赤色如絲，在命宮或起點如麻主訟，重則囚禁，黑枯如灰主死，青色如銅主禍；至白色主喪服，父母刑傷；無父母，主兄弟妻子；黃色主稱意事。

A red thread-like mark appears on the forehead, or a red spot like a rash appears in the命宫, indicating legal troubles; severe cases may result in imprisonment. A black and dry appearance on the forehead resembling dead灰 indicates death. A green color like copper rust signifies misfortune. If white appears, it suggests mourning clothes and punishment for parents; if the parents are already deceased, it indicates the death of a brother or wife. A yellow color signifies encountering something that brings satisfaction and joy.

鼻屬土，氣色忌青；黃色主發財喜慶，青色主疾病、憂患、劫耗；赤色主訟、膿血；意黃赤並見主訟得財，白色主孝服破財，黑色主囚禁財散，黑散準頭主死。

The nose belongs to the Earth element. Earth is most afraid of being overcome by Wood, so the color of the nose should avoid being green. If the nose shows a yellow color, it indicates wealth and joy; if it shows a green color, it suggests illness, worries, and losses. If it shows a red color, it indicates legal troubles and diseases involving pus and blood. If both yellow and red colors appear together, it suggests legal troubles but also gaining wealth. If it shows a white color, it indicates mourning and financial loss; if it shows a black color, it suggests being imprisoned or losing money. If black qi spreads to the bridge of the nose, it indicates death.

眉要光潤，青主兄弟有災；黃主喜，黃左主進田莊，黃右主進田娶婦；赤主兄弟不和，白主爭訟，或損傷手足；黑主刑兄弟，事有闇昧不明。

The brother's palace is indicated by the eyebrows, and the color on the eyebrows should be bright and smooth. If it appears blue, it indicates that the brother may have misfortune. If it appears yellow, it signifies good news: yellow on the left eyebrow suggests acquiring land or property, while yellow on the right eyebrow indicates both acquiring property and marriage. If it appears red, it suggests discord among brothers. If it appears white, it indicates disputes or injury to siblings. If it appears black, it suggests harm to brothers and possible unclear or ambiguous matters.

天倉、地庫豐滿黃明，忌昏暗；青主官非，黃主為盛，黑主為空，赤主訟退業，白主丁憂；白氣如粉主死亡，紅主成田宅，黃明主加官。

The field and residence sector should be examined for the Heavenly Granary and Earthly Storehouse. These areas should be full and have a bright yellow color, and should be avoided if they are dark. A blue color indicates legal troubles; a yellow color indicates family prosperity; a black color indicates family decline; a red color indicates losing property due to legal issues; a white color indicates the death of parents; a thick white color like powdered makeup indicates death. A red color indicates acquiring land and property; a bright yellow color indicates promotion.

龍宮位宜光潤無，紫色生好男女，赤色主為厄有驚，或口舌膿血，青左主生男，青石主生女，青枯主子女刑剋，輕由於病，百不稱心，黃主兒孫有慶，黃紫主生貴子，白主克子女瘟疫、水厄，黑主男女恐哀，紅黃主喜。

The children's palace is located at the dragon palace beneath the eyes, and this area should be smooth and flawless. If it shows a purple color, it indicates good children will be born. If it shows a red color, it suggests difficulties in childbirth, fear, or illness such as mouth troubles or infections. If the color is blue and appears on the left, it indicates the birth of a son; if on the right, it indicates the birth of a daughter. If the blue color is dry and withered, it suggests that the children may suffer from punishment or hardship, or be plagued by illness, leading to dissatisfaction in all matters. If it shows a yellow color, it indicates joy for the grandchildren. If the yellow color has a purple tinge, it suggests the birth of a noble or distinguished child. If it shows a white color, it indicates that the children may be harmed or suffer from plague or water-related calamities. If it shows a black color, it indicates sorrowful events for the children. If it shows red and yellow colors, it indicates good fortune and joy.

地闊氣色青，主損傷六畜，奴僕走失疾病；赤主奴僕口舌，光明圓潤主進財、牛馬：紅潤主進奴僕，白主奴僕、牛馬損傷，黑主牛馬不利。

The servant's palace is observed at the area below the chin. If the color here appears blue, it indicates that the family's livestock may be harmed, servants may be lost or ill; if it appears red, there may be disputes with servants; if the color is bright and smooth, it indicates gaining wealth and adding cattle and horses; if it appears red and healthy, it indicates gaining more servants; if it appears white, both servants and cattle and horses may be harmed; if it appears black, cattle and horses will be unfavorable.

魚尾奸門位，青主妻妾病，赤夫婦口舌膿血，有孕主防為難；自主妻私通、刑妻，黑白主夫妻男女悲，破財損肢，肢體分離；黃色主和諧。

The wife and concubine area is examined through the fish tail and奸门 region. If it appears blue, it indicates illness among the wife or concubine. If it appears red, it suggests disputes between husband and wife or an illness involving pus and blood; if the wife is pregnant, there may be complications in childbirth. If it appears white, it indicates the wife has an affair or suffers from being harmed. If it shows black and white colors, it signifies sorrow for the husband, wife, and children, financial loss, injury to the body, or even separation of family members. If it appears yellow, it indicates harmony within the household.

山根氣色青主憂驚，赤防重災膿血，白色主妻子悲，又防手足傷．黑主自身病，百不稱心，紅黃紫喜。

The Health and Illness Palace is examined by looking at the mountain root. If it appears red, one should beware of serious illness and diseases involving pus and blood; if it appears white, there will be sorrow and grief among the wife and children, and also a risk of injury to the hands and feet; if it appears black, it indicates illness in oneself and dissatisfaction in all matters; if it appears red, yellow, and purple, it signifies good fortune and joy.

天倉、邊地、駟馬、山林、髮際，黃明主財喜貴人，利動，官升名就；赤主是非驚恐官訟，自主奴馬走失，手足傷；黑主道路身亡，出外防死亡水厄，黃利。

Looking at the migration palace, consider the areas of Heavenly Granary, border land, Post Horse, mountains and forests, and hairline. If yellow brightness is present, it indicates wealth and joy, meeting a Nobleman, and being suitable for movement, promotion in official position, and achieving reputation. If red is present, it indicates disputes, fear, and legal troubles. If white is present, it indicates loss of servants and horses, and injuries to hands and feet. If black is present, it indicates death on the road, and one should be cautious about death and water-related dangers. In summary, yellow is considered auspicious.

天庭中正位，黃紅主升官，得名得利訟有理；青主猶疑，公訟有連，在官百事不稱心；主刑獄災厄，因訟傾家兵傷；黑主降謫瘟疫，黑如磚瓦色，生死於牢獄枷鎖。

The official fortune section looks at the heavenly palace and the middle justice. If it shows yellow or red, it indicates promotion, gaining reputation and benefits, and having a good case in legal disputes. If it shows green, it suggests hesitation and being involved in legal troubles, with official matters not going smoothly. If it shows red, it indicates criminal punishment and misfortune, possibly leading to financial ruin due to lawsuits or injury from weapons. If it shows black, it suggests demotion or contracting an epidemic. If the black is as dark as bricks or tiles, it indicates death in prison or under shackles.

天倉地庫位，青主憂疑驚，家宅不安；赤主是非．又主酒食；白主災疾，暗主耗；黑主道退憂疑，紅黃吉。

The Fudou Palace examines the Heavenly Granary and the Earthly Repository. If it appears blue, it indicates worry, suspicion, fear, and instability in the household. If it appears red, it indicates disputes and also suggests a gathering with wine and food. If it appears white, it indicates illness or misfortune. If the color is dark and unclear, it indicates loss or depletion. If it appears black, it indicates failure on the road and inner doubt. If it appears red or yellow, it is auspicious.

相父母官，日月角青，主父母猶疑，口舌相傷，黑白主亡，紅黃主親有慶。

To examine the parents'宫 (parents' section), look at the day angle and moon angle (the left side represents the father, the right side the mother). If this area shows a blue color, it indicates that the parents have doubts and may have disputes with each other. If it shows black or white, it suggests the parents have passed away. If it shows red or yellow, it indicates that both parents have good news.

白主孝服紅主訟，瘡痍破財變為紅；火珠焰發火災見，青驚黃病黑死亡。火珠者紅色如朱，形見於面部、頭額，主火災退財也。凡病人病重，而氣色大好者，必死；所謂殘燈復明也。病人準頭直至年壽上口青色，雖四嶽仍住者。亦必死。土主生發，土枯必死；口生飲食，青在口，主絕食必死。

White color signifies mourning, red color indicates legal troubles; sores and ulcers, financial loss, and changes in complexion will also turn red. If a fiery red color, like a "fire pearl," appears on the face, it indicates a fire accident; green color signifies fear, yellow color signifies illness, and black color signifies death. The so-called "fire pearl" is a red spot resembling cinnabar that appears on the face or forehead, indicating a fire accident and financial loss. If a seriously ill person suddenly shows a good complexion, it means death—this is called "a dying lamp suddenly brightens." If a patient shows green color from the nose to the year longevity point and then to the mouth, even if the four mountains' colors remain, death is certain. The nose belongs to earth, and earth represents the vital energy of growth; if the earth color fades, death is certain. The mouth represents food; if green appears on the mouth, it indicates death from starvation.

人面如風水，故有五嶽四瀆之分，鬚眉鬢髮如山林樹木；風水結穴，常有因山林樹木閉塞。峰巒明堂水口，諸位而不發者；人相亦如之，豈風水之山林樹木可改，而人之鬚眉鬢髮，閉寒生氣獨不可改去乎，故亦宜改之也。明矣。但世人昏昧，不慢動以相由天定，決不可改，誠大謬矣；多曾見有善人，因鬚眉鬢髮閉塞生氣者，柔力行善事，忽然脫去，送邀天佑省；亦有善人，忽遇異人點破，改去獲吉者，豈真謬乎哉！但只可為善人點化也。

A person's face is like a piece of风水, hence the distinctions of the Five Mountains and Four Rivers; the mustache, eyebrows, side hair, and hair on the head are like the trees on a mountain. In风水, the place where the energy converges is often blocked by trees, preventing the peak, the bright hall, and the water mouth from being open, thus preventing prosperity. The human face is the same. Since trees in风水 can be trimmed, why can't the mustache, eyebrows, side hair, and hair on the head, which block the life energy, also be modified? Clearly, modification is appropriate. The reasoning is clear. However, the world is foolish, and people often say, "Appearance is determined by heaven, and cannot be changed," which is a great mistake. I have seen many good people whose mustache, eyebrows, side hair, and hair blocked the life energy. But through persistent goodness, those hairs suddenly fell out, and they received the protection of heaven. There are also good people who suddenly met a strange person who pointed out the problem, and by removing the obstructive hairs, they gained good fortune. Is this not a fabrication? However, this method can only be used to enlighten good people, and cannot be lightly passed on.

至額尖沖印，髮腳閉日月角，馹馬位發生鑽毛，髮腳無分合，宜改，不然則刑剋定見，改則吉。眉生箭毛直堅，眉毛或上生角，或鑽毛或粗濁壓眉宜改，不改則刑剋定見，改則吉。眉宜配目，剛柔相得乃佳。須忌連鬢，忌困口，忌鎖喉，改則吉，不改大凶，食官祿最忌此鬢連鬢，及困口鎖喉者也，鬢忌過命門，過命門者有三凶，命夭、貪淫、刑剋，宜改；不改必礙相，薄者得此必夭，相滯者得此必困，相孤者得此必刑，主無子；相淫者得此姦淫。髮忌連年，一生無運而愚，宜改，否則凶。

Specifically, those with straight hair on the forehead pointing directly to the forehead area, or hair at the ends covering the corners of the eyes and moon, or inverted hairs growing on the post horse position, or uneven and disordered hair at the ends with unclear divisions, should all be modified. If not modified, misfortune and punishments will surely occur, but if modified, good fortune will follow. Arrow-like hairs growing on the eyebrows that are straight and upright, or eyebrows growing upward in a horn-like shape, or inverted hairs growing, or coarse and thick hairs pressing on the eyes, should all be modified. If not modified, misfortune and punishments will surely occur, but if modified, good fortune will follow. The eyebrows should match the eyes, with a balance of strength and gentleness. Beards should not be connected to the sideburns, should not encircle the mouth, and should not lock the throat; modifying these will bring good fortune, but not modifying them will bring great misfortune—especially for those who rely on official salaries, as being connected between sideburns and beard, enclosing the mouth, and locking the throat are particularly dangerous. Sideburns should not be longer than the life gate; if they are longer than the life gate, there are three dangers: short life, excessive lust, and punishments, which should be modified. If not modified, they will certainly hinder the overall appearance: those with thin features will surely die young, those with stagnant features will surely face difficulties, those with isolated features will surely suffer punishments and have no children, and those with lustful features will surely fall into immoral behavior. Hair should not form a continuous layer each year covering the hairline (making the hairline unclear), as this will result in a life without good fortune and dullness; it should be modified. Otherwise, it will bring misfortune.

凡金宜圓，木宜直，水宜曲，火宜尖，土宜平；若不參五行生剋之理而改易之，必主大凶，善者得金乃改不善者，雖萬金莫與改也，否必有夭殃焉。又改額眉鬢，各有分寸。宜將日訣勿忘。金、木、水、火、土。

When modifying the hair at the temples, one should follow the shapes corresponding to the Five Phases: those with a metal constitution should have their temples shaped round, those with a wood constitution should have them straight, those with a water constitution should have them curved, those with a fire constitution should have them pointed, and those with a earth constitution should have them flat. If one alters them without considering the principles of generation and overcoming in the Five Phases, it will certainly bring great misfortune. For those with good hearts, they will only modify the hair after receiving payment; for those with wicked hearts, even if given ten thousand gold pieces, they will not modify it, otherwise the person doing the modification will surely suffer a short and tragic death. Moreover, modifying the forehead, eyebrows, and temples each has its own proper proportions and measurements, which should be memorized and never forgotten. The order of the Five Phases is: metal, wood, water, fire, and earth.

凡乳旁之毛，以一二條為玉帶，其色軟而烏者是也。有此毛必多子，若多硬毛，多生多克，子欠得力，又主無子；求子者，倘多乳毛宜將硬毛速拔去，復生復拔，止存近胸位者留一條存。仍要黑軟者方可，如此不過五年內，可生二子矣。倘色全無烏乃軟者，須全拔去，亦主五年內得三子焉。此是秘訣不可洩漏也。

All the hair beside the nipple, if there is one or two strands of the kind called "Yudai," which refers to soft and black hair, indicates that one will have many children. If there are many hard hairs, it means that although one may have many children, they will also be difficult to raise, and the sons will not be helpful, and even result in having no sons at all. For those seeking to have children, if there is much hair on the nipple, they should quickly pull out the hard hairs, pulling them out again as they grow; only leave one strand near the chest, and it must be both black and soft. By doing this, they will be able to have two sons within five years. If there are no black and soft hairs at all, then all the hairs should be pulled out, and this also indicates that one will have three sons within five years. This is a secret, and must not be disclosed.

胸之內屬心，胸毛多主人心亂或淫慾。宜拔去，有軟而烏者存一二條，主多智慧；腋毛多主淫，無毛主壽不永，亦無子。陰無毛同。

The chest belongs to the heart, so those with abundant chest hair are likely to have scattered thoughts or strong desires. Such hair should be removed. However, if there is soft, dark hair, leaving one or two strands indicates wisdom. Excessive armpit hair indicates lustfulness; complete absence of armpit hair suggests a short lifespan and no descendants. The same interpretation applies to the absence of hair in the genital area.

男女之陰上多毛者，主淫；女人淫毛生如人字，主邪而無子，軟疏者正。

If both men and women have excessive hair around their private parts, it indicates a tendency towards promiscuity. For women, if the pubic hair grows in the shape of the character '人' (person) and spreads apart, it signifies a perverse disposition and infertility. However, if the pubic hair is soft and sparse, it indicates a proper and upright appearance.

飲酒後不看，酒氣入眼吉凶難分。色慾過多不看，氣色青暗吉凶難分。暴怒後不看，青藍滿面陰騭難分。人多不看，難分注。自己有事不看，心不在蔫視而不見。

There are five situations in which face reading is not performed. First, those who have drunk alcohol are not read: the alcohol affects the eyes, making it difficult to discern good or bad fortune. Second, those who have had excessive sexual activity are not read: at that time, their complexion is dark and dull, making it hard to distinguish good or bad fortune. Third, those who have just been very angry are not read: their face turns fully blue, making it impossible to discern the thickness of Yin Virtue. Fourth, those who are surrounded by many people are not read: their mind is scattered, and they cannot concentrate. Fifth, those who have their own worries are not read: their mind is not focused, so even if they are read, it is as if nothing was seen.

無運者不可謂無，恐他尋死誤我陰德。兇暴者不可說明，恐他忌我看破反遭伊害。命將盡者不可直說，恐他自己心慌而家人婦子悲傷，於我實屬無益。

There are three things that should not be spoken directly when reading faces, for if they are said outright, the prediction will lose its effect. First, when encountering someone who has no luck at all, one should not directly tell him he has no luck, for he might become desperate and take his own life, which would damage my Yin Virtue. Second, when encountering a violent person, one should not reveal his true appearance, for he might resent me for seeing through him and take revenge. Third, when encountering someone whose lifespan is about to end, one should not say it directly, for it might make him anxious and cause his family and children to grieve, which would bring me no benefit at all.

一秘無刻本，二秘永不傳，三秘口藏秘，四秘改形神。

This book has four layers of secrets: the first layer is never printed or published; the second layer is never easily passed on to others; the third layer is the most important technique, which is only transmitted orally and not written down; the fourth layer is the set of methods for altering appearance and spirit.

禁傳不忠不孝，禁傳作惡貪婪，禁傳不行贄禮，禁傳得寶忘師。禁傳輕洩所授。

This book is forbidden to be taught to five kinds of people: first, those who are unfaithful and disrespectful to their parents; second, those who commit evil deeds and are greedy; third, those who refuse to perform the拜师 ceremony; fourth, those who forget their teacher once they have obtained the book; fifth, those who reveal what they have learned carelessly.

一奇愚人可學，二奇不記而靈，三奇愈學愈精，變化莫測。

This book has three remarkable features: the first marvel is that even those with dull intelligence can learn it; the second marvel is that one does not need to memorize it by heart, for it works naturally when applied; the third marvel is that the more you study it, the more proficient you become, and its variations are endless.

審斷決獄，人之最難，非明如鑑空，似難判別是非也；故人之慾得情為者，必須以計透之，使其自知自認，此上策也；然計非平日聰明有餘者，何能捷也；茲有一法錄便觀之，似非計而實計之，也姑試列陳於後焉。

Judging cases and deciding punishments are among the most difficult tasks in the human world. Only those with clear and bright minds can truly discern right from wrong. Therefore, if one wishes to uncover the truth, one must use strategies to reveal it, allowing the parties involved to recognize the difficulty and confess their guilt on their own. This is the best approach. However, devising such strategies requires more than just cleverness; it cannot be done quickly by those who are not naturally intelligent. Here is a method recorded, which appears not to be a strategy but actually is one. It is listed here for trial use.

凡有過法，宜傳齊原告。被告一齊到案跪下，於不問訊之先，始坐堂之時，為官者肅威嚴正，衣冠尊瞻，視在案上，將威風亂拍者，喊打幾百幾十、做出大生氣狀；不指明打者原告，打者被告、止繫糊糊混混罵去；彼受屈者，定然噴激其實，是必腰直頭昂，或突睛揚目，或面赤眼紅；若有不服之意，此是受屈者也，誣告者，定然驚惴，只欲害人誠恐自害，立即受打，寧然面青有恐懼之色；是必頭垂俯伏，氣喪膽驚，有畏縮之態；此是誣告陷人者也；得此形神，一審下去摻券而得，是非曲直判然，此一種神機也；熟極生巧，有變通隨時之妙，用之者當善法焉。

Whenever there is a case to be tried, the plaintiff and defendant should both be summoned and made to kneel in the courtroom. Before they have spoken a word and when the official is just sitting down to preside over the case, the official should appear solemn and imposing, dressed neatly, looking at the case table, and repeatedly striking the gavel loudly, shouting that they will beat the person with hundreds or tens of strokes, pretending to be very angry. However, the official should not specify whether it is the plaintiff or the defendant who will be beaten, but instead just scold them in a confused manner. At this moment, the person who is truly wronged will certainly be provoked into revealing the truth, standing straight with his back, his head and neck held high, or his eyes bulging and his gaze lifted, or his face red and his eyes bloodshot, showing a look of defiance. This is the person who has been wronged. On the other hand, the person making false accusations will certainly be frightened and timid: having intended to harm others, they fear they may harm themselves instead. Seeing the punishment about to fall upon them, their face turns blue, showing fear, and they will bow low to the ground, short of breath and trembling with fear, appearing cowering. This is the person making false accusations. By grasping these physical expressions and mental states, the investigation can proceed clearly, like matching a contract, distinguishing right from wrong and truth from falsehood. This is a marvelous technique. With practice, one can become skillful and adaptable. Those who use this method should carefully understand and apply it.

八卦宜滿，明堂宜深，掌紋宜秀，掌色宜鮮。掌直有肉，掌背宜厚不露筋骨；賓主宜配，指節宜不露，指肉宜明嫩。掌紋深秀，成字、成印、成令俱宜；紋溢掌背主破耗，紋沖四指主功名，紋亂坤位主好色，紋亂巽位主破財。

The method of examining the palm: each of the eight trigrams on the palm should be full and well-defined, the bright hall in the palm center should be deep, the palm lines should be clear and elegant, and the palm color should be fresh and moist. The palm should be upright and have flesh, while the back of the hand should be thick and not reveal bones or tendons. The fingers and palm, as host and guest, should be in harmony; finger joints should not be overly prominent, and the flesh on the fingers should be clear, clean, and tender. The palm lines should be deep and clear, and those that form characters, seals, or commands are favorable. If the lines overflow onto the back of the hand, it indicates financial loss and dispersal of wealth; if the lines rise toward the ring finger area, it suggests success in official matters; if the lines are chaotic in the kūn position (below the little finger), it indicates a tendency toward indulgence in pleasures; if the lines are chaotic in the xùn position (at the base of the index finger), it indicates financial loss.

「開」門紅潤，出入求貴用兵吉；「生」門、「休」門皆然。「傷」門暗，必然刑劫，諸事不利；「杜」門青暗不利出行，大破財；「景」門青暗，出入須防災盜；「驚」門青暗大驚恐；「死」門青暗主死。

When the Eight Doors of the Ba Men are placed on the palm, the 'Open' door with a red and bright color indicates good fortune for traveling, meeting a nobleman, and military affairs. The 'Generate' and 'Rest' doors, which are also auspicious doors, have the same favorable implications. The 'Injury' door with a dark and dim appearance indicates punishment, calamity, and misfortune in all affairs. The 'Seal' door with a dark and dull color is unfavorable for travel and may cause great financial loss. The 'Bright' door with a dark and dull color warns of disaster and theft when entering or exiting. The 'Startle' door with a dark and dull color indicates great fear and alarm. The 'Death' door with a dark and dull color indicates death.

顴插天倉，準頭豐滿，主得妻員；唇紅齒白，樑柱成，好門滿，主夫妻有祿；額削紋多覆者，主少年寡偶；奸門陷，色青暗者，主中年欠祿；奸門青主妻病，奸門暗主為厄；山根斷有橫紋，主防妻；眉毛婆娑，主多妻妾。

If the cheekbones are inserted into the Heavenly Granary and the nose is full and round, it indicates a virtuous wife. If the lips are red and the teeth white, with a straight and strong nose bridge and a full奸门, it suggests that the husband and wife will share happiness and prosperity. If the forehead is thin and has many wrinkles running downward, it indicates the person will lose their spouse at a young age. If the奸门 is sunken and the complexion is dark and dull, it suggests a lack of happiness and prosperity in middle age. If the奸门 turns blue, it indicates the wife may be ill. If the奸门 is dark and dim, it suggests difficulties during childbirth. If the mountain root is broken or sunken with a horizontal wrinkle, there may be troubles related to the wife. If the eyebrows are messy and disordered, it indicates many wives or concubines.

五嶽成者必富，五嶽相朝並無缺陷。且以四讀不洩氣，樑柱有肉，山林有氣，主大富；三尖六削必窮。掌背肉厚不露筋者必富。

Those who have the Five Mountains forming a proper pattern are destined to be wealthy. By "forming a proper pattern," it means that the forehead, both cheekbones, the nose, and the lower jaw all face each other and are complete without defects. If in addition the four rivers (ears, eyes, mouth, nose) do not leak energy, the nose bridge has flesh, and the mountain forest areas have energy, they will be very wealthy. Conversely, those with three sharp points and six sharp edges will be poor. Those with thick flesh on the back of the hands and not revealing tendons will be wealthy.

地閣朝，背有肉，必享子誥封；龍宮位滿，眼不深陷，額圓無劫紋，人中深，地閣朝，必主好子多成；法令太深主無子嗣，法令逼於水星位者，亦然；龍宮黑，主無子；鬚八字燕尾鬚也；主無子，肥人無臀主無子。

A person whose chin is upturned and who has flesh on their back will surely be blessed with sons who attain official titles. The dragon palace is full, the eye sockets are not deep, the forehead is round and free of marks, the philtrum is deep and long, and the chin is upturned and curved — this indicates that the sons born will be good and numerous, and they will achieve success. If the lines on the face are too deep, it indicates no sons. If the lines approach the mouth (the planet of water), it also indicates no sons. If the dragon palace is dark, it indicates no sons. If the beard is split into an eight-character shape or forms a swallow's tail, it also indicates no sons. A fat person who lacks flesh on the buttocks also indicates no sons.

四瀆成者必貴，頭圓有角，功名早成；鼻顴有氣，官祿中年發為；祿堂紅，大牙齊，一生官祿不斷；反此皆忌。

Those with the four rivers forming a pattern are destined for high status. A round head with prominent features indicates early success in officialdom. If both the nose and the cheekbones are strong, official rank will emerge in middle age. A red color on the mouth area and well-aligned large teeth signify continuous official favor throughout life. If any of these characteristics are reversed, they are considered inauspicious.

左傳曰，周肉史叔服如魯公叔，教聞其能相人也，見其二子焉，叔服曰谷也，食子誰也，收子谷也，豐下必有，後於魯國。杜預曰，豐下謂方面也。

The Zuo Zhuan records that during the Zhou dynasty, the internal historian Shu Fu was sent on a mission to Lu. Upon hearing that Shu Fu was skilled in face reading, Gong Sun Ao, a noble of Lu, brought his two sons to see him. Shu Fu said: "The child named Gu will be able to support you in old age, while the child named Nan will be able to bury you. Gu has a broad and full lower part of the face, so his descendants will surely have a flourishing branch in Lu." The Jin scholar Du Yu explained that "丰下" refers to a broad and full lower part of the face.

漢書曰，高祖立濞為吳王，已拜上相之曰，汝面上有反相，觀後五十年東南有亂，豈非汝耶？天下一家慎無反。經曰：眉上骨斗高者，名為九反骨，其人恆有包藏之志；又曰：黃色繞天中，從髮際通兩基，其兩眉下各發黃色，其中正復有黃色真下鼻者，三公相也；若下賤有此色者，防殺君父；由此觀之，以相察士，由來尚矣。故曰富貴在於骨，憂喜在於容色。

The Book of Han records that Emperor Gaozu of Han granted Liu Bi the title of King of Wu. After bestowing the title, he carefully examined Liu Bi and said: "You have the appearance of rebellion on your face. I foresee that in fifty years, there will be rebellion in the southeast. Could it be you?" The world is originally one family; you must never rebel. The classic on physiognomy says: if the bone above the eyebrows suddenly becomes prominent, it is called "nine rebellious bones," and such a person often harbors thoughts of rebellion. It also says: if yellow color surrounds the middle of the forehead, extending from the hairline to both temples, and yellow appears below each eyebrow, with yellow also extending from the central position down to the nose, this is the appearance of someone who will reach the rank of the Three Grand Ministers. However, if a person of low status exhibits this coloration, one should beware of him committing regicide. From this, we see that the practice of physiognomy in examining people has a long history. Therefore, one's wealth and honor are seen in his bone structure, while his current worries and joys are seen in his complexion.

經曰：青主憂，白主哭泣，黑主病，亦主驚恐，黃土喜慶，凡在此五色，以四時判之。春三月；青色主，赤色白色國，黃黑二色皆死；夏三月，赤色主，白色黃色皆相，青色死，黑色囚；秋三月，白色主，黑色相，赤色死，青黃二色皆囚；冬三月，黑色主，青色相，白色死，黃赤二色囚，若得其時色，主相者吉，不得其時色，主相者凶。

The Classic of Mutual Interaction says: Green color indicates sorrow, white color indicates weeping, black color indicates illness and fear, and yellow color indicates joy. These five colors should be judged according to the seasons for their strength and decline. In spring, green color is dominant (strong), red and white are secondary (moderate), while black and yellow are considered weak. In summer, red color is dominant, white and yellow are secondary, green is weak, and black is in decline. In autumn, white color is dominant, black is secondary, red is weak, and green and yellow are in decline. In winter, black color is dominant, green is secondary, white is weak, and red and yellow are in decline. If the color appearing on the face is the dominant color of the season, the person being observed is auspicious; if it is not the dominant color, the person is inauspicious.

成敗在於決斷，以此參之萬不失一；經曰：言貴賤者，存乎骨格；言修短者，存乎虛實；經曰：大人喘息者，命之所存也；喘息條條，狀長而緩者，長命人也；喘息急促，出入不等者，短命人也。又曰：骨肉堅硬壽而不樂，體肉要者樂而不壽。言靈性者，存乎容止，斯其中體矣；相人無視其面，面有五嶽四瀆；五嶽者，額為衡山，頤為恆山，鼻為嵩山，左顴為泰山，右顴為華山；四瀆者，鼻孔為濟，目為河，口為淮，耳為江；五嶽欲聳峻圓滿，四瀆欲深大，崖岸成就，五嶽成者富人也，不豐則貧；四瀆成者，貴人也，不成則賤矣。

The success or failure of things depends on timely decision-making, and using physiognomy as a reference ensures accuracy. The physiognomy texts say: to judge a person's status, look at their bone structure; to judge their lifespan, look at the reality of their blood and qi. The physiognomy texts also say: the breathing of an adult is the essence of life and death; smooth, orderly, long, and slow breathing indicates longevity, while rapid and uneven breathing indicates a short life. It also says: those with hard bones live long but are not happy, while those with soft muscles are happy but do not live long. To judge a person's spirit, look at their appearance and demeanor—this touches the root. Physiognomy cannot ignore the face: the face has the five mountains and four rivers. The five mountains are: the forehead as Mount Heng, the chin as Mount Heng, the nose as Mount Song, the left cheek as Mount Tai, and the right cheek as Mount Hua. The four rivers are: the nostrils as the Ji River, the eyes as the Yellow River, the mouth as the Huai River, and the ears as the Yangtze River. The five mountains should be high and full, and the four rivers should be deep and wide with distinct banks. Those whose five mountains form a pattern are wealthy, while those who are not full are poor. Those whose four rivers form a pattern are noble, while those who do not form a pattern are of low status.

五官者，口一、鼻二、耳三、目四、人中五；六府者，兩上為二府，兩府輔角為四府，兩顴衡上為六府；一官好貴十年，一府好富十年，五官六府皆好富貴無雙，左為文右為武也。

Here the term "five organs" refers to: mouth first, nose second, ears third, eyes fourth, and the philtrum fifth. The "six palaces" are: two palaces on the upper part of the forehead, adding the two side auxiliary angles to make four palaces, and then adding the two cheekbones to make six palaces. If one organ is well formed, it can bring ten years of prestige; if one palace is well formed, it can bring ten years of wealth; if all five organs and six palaces are well formed, then one will achieve both wealth and honor. The left side governs literature, and the right side governs martial affairs.

九州島島者。額從左達右，無縱理不敗絕，狀如覆肝者善；八極者，登鼻而望八方，成不相傾者為良也。

The so-called "nine states" refer to the forehead: the forehead runs from the left to the right, and if there are no vertical lines, it is not considered a bad face. The shape should resemble an inverted pig's liver. The so-called "eight extremes" refer to looking in all eight directions from the center of the nose: if all eight directions are well formed and do not tilt, it is a good face.

七門者，二奸門，兩闕門，兩命門一庭；二儀者，頭圓法天，足方象地；天欲得高，地欲得厚；若頭小足薄，貧賤人也；七門皆好，高貴人也；總而言之，額為天，頤為地，鼻為人，左目為日，右目為月，天欲張，地欲方，人慾深廣，日月欲光明；天好者貴，地好者富，人好者壽，日月好者茂。上停為天，生父母貴賤；中停為人，主崑玉妻子仁義；下停為地，主田宅奴婢，畜牧飲食也。

The so-called "seven gates" refer to the left and right of the two evil doors, the left and right of the two gate doors, the left and right of the two life doors, plus the heavenly hall, making a total of seven areas. The so-called "two principles" mean that the head is round to imitate heaven, and the feet are square to represent earth; heaven should be high, and earth should be thick. If the head is small and the feet are thin, it indicates a person of low status and poverty; if all seven gates are well formed, it indicates a noble person. In general: the forehead represents heaven, the lower jaw represents earth, the nose represents human, the left eye represents the sun, and the right eye represents the moon. Heaven should be open and expansive, earth should be square and upright, human (the nose) should be thick and broad, and the sun and moon (the two eyes) should be bright. A good heaven part indicates nobility, a good earth part indicates wealth, a good human part indicates longevity, and good sun and moon parts indicate numerous descendants. The upper part belongs to heaven, indicating the status of parents; the middle part belongs to human, indicating brothers, wife, and one's own virtue and righteousness; the lower part belongs to earth, indicating fields, houses, servants, livestock, and food.

若夫顴骨縱起，膚色潤澤者，九品之候也。又回，腰腹相稱，臀牌才厚，及高視廣步，此九品之人候也。夫色須厚重，腰須廣長；故經曰：面如黃瓜，富貴榮華，白如截指，黑色如漆；紫色如棋；腰廣而長，腹如垂囊。行如鵝龜，此皆富貴人也，凡稱夫公候將相以下者，不論班品也。

As for those with prominent cheekbones running vertically and moist, lustrous skin, these are signs of a person of the ninth rank. It is also said that a harmonious proportion between the waist and abdomen, thick hips and thighs, combined with lofty gaze and broad steps, are all signs of someone of the ninth rank. In summary, the complexion should be thick and rich, and the waist should be wide and long. Therefore, the classic on physiognomy states: a yellow complexion like a cucumber is a sign of wealth and honor; white should be as white as a cut finger, black as black as lacquer, and purple as purple as a chess piece; a wide and long waist, an abdomen like a hanging bag, and a gait like a goose or a tortoise, steady and heavy—these are all signs of a wealthy person. Any person who is considered to be of the rank of marquis, general, or minister and below does not require further distinction in ranks or grades.

輔骨小兒，鼻準微端者八品之侯也。又曰，胸背微豐，手足潤澤，及身端步平者，此皆八品之侯；夫鼻須洪直而長，胸脾須豐厚如龜形，手足色須赤白，此皆富貴人也；故經曰：手足如棉富貴終，手足厚好立使在旁也。

Those with slightly small auxiliary bones and slightly upright noses are signs of an official of the eighth rank. It is also said that those with slightly thick and broad chests and backs, smooth and moist hands and feet, upright bodies, and steady steps are all signs of an eighth-ranking official. In general, the nose should be large, straight, and long, the chest should be thick and broad like a tortoise's back, and the hands and feet should have a reddish-white color. These are characteristics of the wealthy. Therefore, the book of physiognomy says: those with soft hands and feet can attain wealth and live long; those with thick and well-shaped hands and feet will have people around them to serve them.

輔角成稜，倉庫皆平者，七品之侯也。又曰，胸厚頸粗臀勝傭均，及語調顧定，此皆七品之侯也。夫頸須粗短，手臂須纖長，語須如笙鳳，此皆貴相也。放經曰：牛碩四方，富貴隆昌，虎頭高峙，富貴無比，象鼻高廣，福祿長厚，犀頭律宰，富貴封爵，駝頭蒙洪，福祿所鍾，虎行將軍，雁行大富也。

When the auxiliary angles are well developed with sharp edges, and the Heavenly Granary and Earthly Storehouse are both full, it indicates the sign of a seventh rank official. It is also said that a thick chest, a thick neck, and a full, well-proportioned buttocks, combined with a steady tone of voice and calm, steady gaze, are all signs of a seventh rank official. In summary, the neck should be thick and short, the arms should be slender and long, and the voice should resemble that of a笙 or a phoenix's call—these are all signs of a noble destiny. Therefore, the classic on physiognomy states: a head like a bull's, square and level, signifies wealth and honor; a head like a tiger's, high and upright, signifies unparalleled wealth and honor; a nose like an elephant's, high and broad, signifies long-lasting blessings and good fortune; a head like a rhinoceros's, thick and solid, signifies concentrated blessings and good fortune; walking like a tiger indicates becoming a general, while walking like a goose indicates great wealth.

犀及司空龍角纖直者，三品之候也。又曰：胸背極厚，頭深且尖者，及志雄林柔者。此皆三品之侯也；司空從髮際直下，次天庭是也，龍角在眉頭上也。頭頂高深，龍犀成就者，二品之候也。又曰，額角奇起，支節合度，及貌架性安者，此二品之侯也；夫容貌慷慨，舉止汪洋，精爽清澄，神儀安定；言語審諦，不疾不徐，動息有恆，不輕不躁，喜怒不妄；發趨含合物，宜聲色不變，其情榮枯不易，其摻此謂神有餘者；主得貴位，四倉盡滿，骨肉角俱明者，一品之侯也。頭頸皆好，支節俱成，及容質姿美，顧視澄澈者，此皆一品之侯也。

The presence of the Fu Xi bone, the Si Kong bone, and the Long Jiao bone growing fine and straight is a sign of a third-ranking official. It is also said that a thick chest and back, a long and deep head shape with a slightly pointed top, and a strong will with a gentle appearance are also signs of a third-ranking official. The Si Kong bone is located directly below the hairline, adjacent to the heavenly palace; the Long Jiao is above the brow. A high and deep head with both the Long Jiao and Fu Xi bones clearly formed is a sign of a second-ranking official. It is also said that an unusually prominent forehead, limbs with proportionate joints, a clear and strong appearance with a calm disposition are signs of a second-ranking official. As for a dignified appearance, broad and generous manner, clear spirit, and calm expression; speaking cautiously and clearly, neither too fast nor too slow; movements and stillness in accordance with regularity, not light-hearted or impetuous, and not easily displaying anger or joy; treating people appropriately with unwavering expression; remaining steadfast in conduct regardless of good or bad fortune—this is called "Spirit in Excess," indicating a high position. The four storage places are all full, the bones, flesh, and head and horns are clearly distinct, which is a sign of a first-ranking official. A well-formed head and neck, well-proportioned limbs, along with a beautiful appearance and clear gaze when looking around, are all signs of a first-ranking official.

似龍者為文吏，似龍者其貴，龍行者三公也；似虎者為將軍，虎行者為將軍，馴馬骨高為將軍也。似狗者，有清官為方伯也，似猴者大富貴，似鼠者惟富而己，凡稱似者，謂之動靜，並似之若偏似一處，乃貧寒者也。

Those who resemble a dragon in appearance become literary officials, and those who resemble a dragon in general are wealthy and esteemed. Those who walk like a dragon may attain the position of a minister of state. Those who resemble a tiger become generals, and those who walk like a tiger also become generals. Those with the bone structure of a post horse (驿马) also become generals. Those who resemble a dog become officials of integrity who can govern a region. Those who resemble a monkey become very wealthy and prosperous. Those who resemble a rat become wealthy only. When it is said that someone resembles something, it refers to their overall demeanor and movements being like that thing. If only one part resembles it, it is actually a sign of poverty and hardship.

天中主貴宗滿者，為官祿也；天中最高近髮際，黃色上人正角至高廣，參駕遷刺吏牧守；黃色如日月，在天中左右等天子也，黃色出天中圓大光重者，暴見天子；經年及井竇有功受封誥，有黃氣如懸鐘鼓，三公之相也；又發黃氣如龍形亦受封也，四時官氣發天部，如鏡光者，暴貴相也。

The position of Tianzhong indicates a person of high status. If the bone structure in this area is full and round, it signifies official rank and salary. Tianzhong is located at the highest part of the forehead, near the hairline. If a yellow aura rises from here to the middle of the forehead and extends to the broad area above, it indicates being appointed by the imperial court, and promotion to positions such as governor, state governor, or prefect. If the yellow color is bright and clear, like the sun and moon, and spreads to the left and right of Tianzhong, it means the person will have an audience with the emperor. If the yellow aura emerges from Tianzhong, being round, bright, and thick, it signifies a sudden meeting with the emperor. After many years, if the area around the nose (well and stove) shows signs of achievement, the person will be granted official honors. If there is a yellow aura on the forehead shaped like hanging bells, it indicates the appearance of a high-ranking official such as a chancellor. If the yellow aura resembles a dragon, it also indicates being granted honors. If the official aura appears in the Tianting area throughout the four seasons, bright like a mirror's reflection, it signifies sudden rise to prominence and wealth.

天庭主上公大丞相之氣，天庭直下至天中有黑子市死。司空主天官亦三公之氣，司空直下至天中惡色．主上書大凶。中正主群僚之氣，平品人物之司也。中正直下次司空色好者，連官轉職，若司空中正發赤色而歷歷者，在中正為縣官在大庭為郡官州縣，蘭臺尚書，各視所部也。

The appearance of the Heavenly Emperor and the Grand Chancellor is reflected from the forehead straight down to the middle of the face; if there is a black mole in this area, it indicates death by execution in the marketplace. The position of the Minister of Works represents the heavenly officials and includes the qualities of the Three Excellencies; if an evil color appears from the Minister of Works straight down to the middle of the face, it indicates that speaking up in court will result in great misfortune. The position of the Middle Righteousness represents the officials and ministers, and is the place for evaluating the ranks of people. If the color from the Middle Righteousness down to the Minister of Works is good, it indicates the possibility of continued appointments and promotions; if the Minister of Works and the Middle Righteousness show distinct red spots, those with red color in the Middle Righteousness will hold county positions, while those with red color in the forehead will hold positions as prefects or magistrates of states and counties. Positions such as the Lan Tai and the Shang Shu are to be judged according to their respective locations.

印堂主天下印綬，掌符印之官也一印堂在兩眉間，微下眉頭少許，次中正，發赤色加連刀，上至天庭下至鼻準為縣令，直闕庭發色者長吏也。如車輪與輔角相應者大貴，印堂一名闕庭也。山根平美，及有奇骨伏起者，為婚連帝之輩也一山根直下歡印堂。亦指有勢無勢也。

The area known as Yintang is the position of the heavenly seal, representing the official in charge of symbols and seals. Yintang is located between the two eyebrows, slightly lower than the eyebrow ridge, adjacent to the Zhongzheng. If this area shows a red color, shaped like a connected knife, extending from the Tianjing to the Buzheng, it indicates someone who will become a county magistrate. If the color appears only in the Queting area, it suggests someone who will be a longshi. If the color is round like a wheel and corresponds with the Fujiao, it indicates great wealth and honor. Yintang is also called Queting. If the Shanguan is flat, straight, and beautiful, or has a special bone rising from it, it indicates someone who can marry into the imperial family. If the Shanguan extends straight down connecting to Yintang, the key point is whether it has power or not.

高廣主方伯之坐一從大中橫列至髮際凡七名，高廣位在第三，高廣忽黃色如兩人捉鼓者，將軍相也。陽尺主州位之官一橫次高廣位在第四。陽風亦主少出方伯，有氣憂遠行也；武庫主兵甲典庫之吏，橫次陽尺們在第五。

Gao Guang is the official who governs a region. From the middle of the head to the hairline, there are seven positions, and Gao Guang is in the third position. A yellow color suddenly appears at Gao Guang, shaped like two people hugging a drum, indicating the appearance of a general. Yang Chi is the official who governs a state, positioned horizontally after Gao Guang, in the fourth place; Yang Chi also indicates an official who assumes office at a young age as a regional governor, and if there is a presence of qi here, one should be concerned about long journeys. Wu Ku is the official in charge of military arms and weapons storage, positioned horizontally after Yang Chi, in the fifth place.

輔角主遠州刺史之官一橫次武庫位在六。骨起色好，主黃門舍人之官也；邊地，主邊州之任色好，主黃門舍人之官也；邊地，主邊州之任一橫次輔角位第七，有黑子落難為奴也。日角主公侯之坐一從天庭橫列至髮際，凡八名，日角位在第一，平滿充直者宣官職。

The position of Fu Jiao is associated with the office of a distant state governor, placed horizontally after the Wu Ku, in the sixth position; if there is a prominent bone structure here with a good color, it indicates a position as a Yellow Gate Attendant, a kind of close attendant. The position of Bian Di is associated with duties in border regions, and a good color here also suggests a position as a Yellow Gate Attendant; Bian Di is placed horizontally after Fu Jiao, in the seventh position; if there is a black mole here, it indicates misfortune and becoming a servant. The position of Ri Jiao is associated with the rank of a marquis or duke. From the Tian Ting to the hairline, there are eight positions in total, with Ri Jiao being the first; if this area is flat, full, solid, and straight, it is suitable for announcing appointments and assuming official positions.

房心主京輦之一橫次日角在第二，房心左為文，右為武，骨起宜作人師。黃色見房心，上至大庭為丞令，直見房心而光澤者，召為國師也。馬主急疾之吏 —— 橫次位在第七，驛刀好色應印堂之。秋冬得官也。額頭主卿寺之位。

The position of Fangxin is responsible for the duties of the capital, located second after the day angle. The left side of Fangxin governs literature, while the right side governs military affairs; a prominent bone here is suitable for someone to become a teacher. If yellow color appears on Fangxin and extends up to the heavenly palace, the person will become a chancellor or county magistrate. If only yellow color appears on Fangxin with a luster, the person will be summoned as a state master. The position of Yimǎ is responsible for officials who transmit urgent messages, located seventh in the horizontal row; if the color at Yimǎ is good and corresponds with the print hall, the person will get an official position in autumn and winter. The position of the forehead is responsible for officials of the nine ministries and temples.

從印堂司空，橫列至髮際凡八名，額角橫次位在第一。色紅黃大吉昌也。上卿主帝卿之位-橫次額角上卿，躍躍封卿大樂。虎眉主大將軍--從中正橫列至髮際九名，虎眉橫次位在第二，發青白色者應行也。牛角主王之統師小將一橫次虎眉位在第三，亦主侯食祿，成角者更勝於肉也。

From the forehead area, the positions are arranged horizontally from the brow to the hairline, totaling eight sections, with the brow area being the first. If red or yellow colors appear here, it indicates great fortune and prosperity. The position of the Upper Minister, which represents a high-ranking official close to the king, is arranged horizontally after the brow; if the color here is lively, it signifies being honored with a title and great joy. The position of the Tiger Eyebrow represents a grand general. Arranged horizontally from the central area to the hairline, there are nine sections, with the Tiger Eyebrow being the second. If a pale white color appears here, it indicates an upcoming journey. The position of the Ox Horn represents a general who commands troops under the king, arranged horizontally after the Tiger Eyebrow, in the third position; it also signifies being granted a title and receivingofficial stipend (salary). A bone structure that forms a horn-like shape is better than one that is merely flesh.

元角主將軍之相一橫次位在第五，無角者不可求官，凡欲知得官在任久否，先視年上發色長短，發色長一分主一年，二分主二年，以此消息則可知也。有惡色間之者，主其年有事，白色遭喪，赤色彈奪，黑色病，清色獄厄；天中有氣橫於者，無官也；然官色已久忽有，死厄；色間之者，代人死也；若年上有好色如連山出雲雨，處處皆通則無慮，不速發；髮際有黃氣，為已得官，若黑氣未也；有黃氣如衣帶發額上，遷官益祿也。

The position of Yuanjiao indicates the appearance of a general, and it is placed fifth in the horizontal arrangement. Those who do not have this feature should not seek official positions. If one wants to know whether they will hold office for a long time or not, first examine the length of the color appearing on the upper part of the nose (the year position): a color extending one part indicates one year, two parts indicate two years, and so on, according to this principle. If there is a mixture of bad colors, it indicates that there will be troubles in that year: white color indicates mourning, red color indicates being impeached or losing position, black color indicates illness, and green color indicates imprisonment. If there is a horizontal color across the heaven position, it indicates no official position. If the official color has been present for a long time and suddenly a new color appears, it indicates a death danger; if this new color is mixed in, it means someone else is dying instead. If the good color on the year position rises like continuous mountains with clouds and rain, and is everywhere connected, there is no need to worry, but the effect will not come quickly. If yellow color appears at the hairline, it indicates already holding an official position; if black color appears, it indicates not yet holding one. If yellow color appears like a sash across the forehead, it indicates promotion and increased salary.

夫人有六賤，頭小身大為一賤一又曰額上陷缺，天中霪下亦為一賤。經曰：額促而窄，至老窮厄，蛇頭薄曲，糟糠不足，蛇頭平薄，財物零落，貉頭尖銳窮厄無計。目無光澤為二賤 —— 又曰，胸背俱薄亦為。二賤，經曰：陷胸薄尻及猴目，皆窮相也。

A person has six types of inferiority. A small head with a large body is the first type of inferiority; another says that a sunken and missing part on the forehead, or a low and sagging middle of the forehead, also counts as the first type of inferiority. The classic text on physiognomy says: a short and narrow forehead leads to poverty in old age; a head shaped like a snake, thin and curved, results in not even having enough to eat with one's wife and children; a snake-like head that is also flat and thin leads to the loss of wealth; a head shaped like a weasel, sharp and pointed, leads to extreme poverty. Lack of luster in the eyes is the second type of inferiority; another says that being thin both in the chest and back also counts as the second type of inferiority. The classic text on physiognomy says: a sunken chest, thin buttocks, and a pair of monkey eyes are all signs of poverty.

舉動不便為三賤 ——又曰，音聲雌散亦為三賤，經曰：語聲卿卿面部枯燥，面毛戌戌成無風而塵，皆貧賤相也。夫聲之惡者，塵濁飛散，細嘎聊亂聲。去則若盡，往則不還，淺亂澀細，沈濁展弊；舌短神強，謇吃無響，此惡相也。夫人不笑似笑，不瞋似瞋；不喜似喜，不畏徹畏；不醉似醉，常如宿醒，不愁似愁，常如憂戚；容貌缺乏，如經痢病；神色悽愴，常如有失；舉止張惶，常如趨急；言澀縮若，有隱藏體貌，低催如遭凌辱，此並神不足也；神不足者，多牢獄厄，有官隱藏而失，有貶逐而絀者也。

Actions that are not smooth and decisive are considered the third type of inferiority; similarly, a voice that is thin and scattered like a woman's is also considered the third type of inferiority. The classic on physiognomy says: a weak, noisy voice, dry face, and disordered facial hair, along with a dull appearance as if covered in dust without wind, are all signs of poverty and low status. the so-called 'evil voice', refers to a voice that is muddied, scattered, weak, hoarse, and confused; the voice goes out as if exhausted and cannot return; it is shallow, confused, rough, weak, low, and broken; the tongue is short and forced, with stammering and no echo—these are all bad signs. There is also a type of person: without smiling, they seem to be smiling; without anger, they seem to be angry; without joy, they seem to be joyful; without fear, they seem to be afraid; without drinking, they seem to be drunk, often appearing as if they have not fully recovered from a previous drunkenness; without worry, they seem to be worried, often appearing as if they have something on their mind; their appearance is pale and lacking vitality, as if they have just suffered from dysentery; their expression is sorrowful and gloomy, as if they have lost something; their movements are frantic, as if they have an urgent matter to attend to; their speech is rough and hesitant, as if they are hiding something; their posture is low and drooping, as if they have recently suffered a humiliation—these all belong to 'insufficient spirit'. People with insufficient spirit are often prone to imprisonment; even if they hold an official position, they may lose it due to concealment or be demoted and dismissed.

鼻不成就，準向前低為四賤 —— 又曰，眇眼斜視，亦為四賤。經曰：人中平滿，耳無輪廓，貧賤相也。腳長腰短為五賤 —— 又曰：唇傾鼻曲亦為五賤，經曰：蛇行雀趨，財物無儲；鼻柱低垂，至老獨炊；搖腰急步，必無所使；腰短者，則被人守職也。

The nose is not properly shaped, and if the nose tip points forward and hangs low, it is considered the fourth sign of low status. It is also said that if one eye is small and squinting, that is also the fourth sign of low status. The classic text on physiognomy states: if the philtrum is flat and lacks a groove, and the ears lack distinct contours, this is the appearance of poverty and low status. Long legs and a short waist are the fifth sign of low status; it is also said that if the lips are crooked and the nose bridge is bent, this is also the fifth sign of low status. The classic text on physiognomy further states: those who walk like snakes crawling or like sparrows jumping cannot keep wealth; those with a low nasal bridge will have to cook their own food even in old age; those who walk with a swaying waist and quick steps will certainly not be able to employ others; those with a short torso can only serve as assistants in others' positions.

文策不成，唇細橫長為六賤 ——又曰：多言少信為六賤，經曰：口簿人不提攜，僻則為人所毀；口如吹火，至老獨生；舌色白，下賤人也；苦短貧賤人也；凡欲知人是賤者。貴處少而賤處多，多者廣也，少者狹也。六賤備是僕隸之人 —— 此貴賤存乎骨格者也。

A person with poor literary talent and strategy, and a thin, horizontally long lip, is considered the sixth type of lowly person; also, someone who talks a lot but is not trustworthy is also considered the sixth type of lowly person. The classic text on physiognomy says: those with thin lips will not be supported by others, and those with a solitary and peculiar nature will be slandered by others; those who curl their lips as if blowing fire will be alone all their life; those whose tongue appears pale are considered lowly, and those with short tongues are also considered poor and lowly. To judge whether a person is lowly, look at whether their noble traits are few and their lowly traits are many—more means broad, less means narrow. If all six types of lowly traits are present, then the person is of the servant class. This is what is meant by the saying that nobility or lowliness depends on the bone structure.

夫木主春，生長之行也 —— 春主肝，肝立目，目主仁，生長榮敷者．施受惠予之意也。金主秋，收藏之節也 —— 秋主肺，肺主鼻，鼻生莪，收藏聚斂者，烯嗇鄙慳之人也。火主夏，豐盛之時也 —— 夏主心，心主舌，舌主禮，豐盛殷富者，富博宏通之義也。水生冬，萬物伏匿之日也 —— 冬主腎，腎主耳，耳主智，伏匿隱弊者，邪陷奸佞之懷地。土生季夏，萬物結實之目也。

Wood is in its season in spring, representing the energy of growth. Spring corresponds to the liver, which opens through the eyes, and the eyes are associated with benevolence. The flourishing and abundant appearance of spring embodies the meaning of giving and bestowing kindness. Metal is in its season in autumn, representing the energy of gathering and storing. Autumn corresponds to the lungs, which open through the nose, and the nose is where eyebrows grow. The gathering and storing appearance of autumn corresponds to the nature of being stingy and narrow-minded. Fire is in its season in summer, representing the energy of abundance. Summer corresponds to the heart, which opens through the tongue, and the tongue is associated with propriety. The abundant and prosperous appearance of summer embodies the meaning of richness, breadth, and openness. Water is in its season in winter, representing the time when all things are hidden and concealed. Winter corresponds to the kidneys, which open through the ears, and the ears are associated with wisdom. The hidden and concealed appearance of winter corresponds to a perverse and cunning heart. Earth is in its season in late summer, representing the time when all things bear fruit.

季夏主脾，脾主唇，唇主信，結實堅確者，貞信謹厚之禮也。故曰：凡人美眉目，好指爪者，庶幾好施人也。肝出為眼，又主筋；筋窮為爪，榮幹眉。藏於魂；經曰：凡人眉直而頭昂，意氣雄強，缺損及薄，無信人也；如弓者善人。眼有光彩而媚，好性識物理，明哲人也；

In the season of late summer, the spleen is in charge, and the spleen's orifice is the lips, which govern trust and righteousness. A solid and firm appearance corresponds to the etiquette of sincerity, integrity, and modesty. Therefore, those with beautiful eyebrows and well-grown nails are mostly people who enjoy giving generously. The liver's vital energy manifests in the eyes and governs the tendons; the tendons' tips are the nails, and their brilliance is reflected in the eyebrows. The liver stores the soul. The classic on physiognomy says: those with straight eyebrows and an upright neck have a strong and vigorous spirit; those with sparse and damaged eyebrows lack trustworthiness; those with arched eyebrows are kind-hearted. Eyes that shine with softness indicate a gentle and wise nature, and are characteristic of a person who is intelligent and understands principles.

眼光溢出臉外，不散不動，臉又不急不緩。而精不露者，智慧人也；臉寒流轉天光者，愚鈍人也；眼光不出臉者，藏情人也；加以臉澀盜視，必作偷也，精色雜而光彩脖淺者，心意不定，無信人也；精清光溢者，聰明人也；精沈光定者，大膽人也；

The light in the eyes flows out beyond the eye sockets, neither scattered nor wandering; the eyelids open and close neither hastily nor slowly, and the pupil does not protrude outward. This is the appearance of a wise person. If the eyelids are thin and cold, and the gaze is unstable, then the person is dull-witted. If the eyesight is gathered within the eye sockets and does not shine outward, the person is hiding something in their heart; if further accompanied by stiff eyelids and furtive glances, they are certainly a thief. If the pupil has a mottled color and the light is shallow and floating, the mind is unstable, and the person is untrustworthy. If the pupil is clear and the light shines brightly outward, the person is intelligent. If the pupil is steady and the gaze is calm, the person is courageous.

上目毗中深厚，氣色濃厚者，有威武亦大膽人也，氣飄渺，淺博人也；土地不潔者無威，怯懦人也；精紫黑而光彩端定者，剛烈人也，精彩白而端定者，好隱定之人也；精光多而不溢散，情激而視端審者，直性人也；精黃而光彩澄澈者，慕道衍人也，點精近土者，志意下劣人也；點精追下者，志意高尚人，點精近裡者，自收斂人也；點請近外者，傲慢憨人也；羊目直視，能教妻子；豬目應澄，刑禍相仍鷹視狼顧；常懷嫉妒螻蛄目。心難得。

If the area above the inner corner of the eye is thick and the color is strong, it indicates a person with a commanding presence and courage. If the appearance is vague and unclear, it suggests a person with shallow insight. Those whose eye sockets are not clean lack dignity and are timid in nature. If the pupil is dark purple and its light is steady and calm, the person is fierce and resolute. If the pupil is white and its light is steady and calm, the person prefers to live in seclusion and comfort. If the gaze is strong but not scattered or chaotic, and even when emotionally excited, the person looks steady and cautious, then the person is upright in character. If the pupil appears yellow with clear light, the person is devoted to spiritual cultivation. If the black dot in the pupil is low and towards the bottom, the person has low aspirations; if it is high and towards the top, the person has lofty aspirations; if it is towards the inner side, the person can restrain themselves; if it is towards the outer side, the person is arrogant and straightforward. If the eyes are like those of a sheep and look straight ahead, the person can manage their family well. If the eyes are like those of a pig and look dull and vacant, misfortune and punishment will follow continuously. If the eyes look like an eagle's gaze and a wolf's glance, the person is often envious. If the eyes are like those of a mole cricket, the person's thoughts are hard to grasp.

夫指者，欲纖稼如鵝，有皮相連者，性淳和人也；指頭方懟者，見事遲人也；姘美者，屬援人信之；惡者，人不遵承也。毛髮光澤，唇口如朱者，才能學藝人也 —— 心出為舌，又主血，血窮為毛髮，榮於耳。藏神經曰：野狐鬢，難期信；披瀝瀝，多狐疑，唇急齒露，難與為友；唇寬端正，出言有章；唇口不佳，出言不信；口邊無媚，好揚人惡；口啄如鳥，不可與居；噁心入者，口急緩加鳥；言語皆撮聚者，此人多口舌：緩急不同，少信人也。

Fingers should be slender and neat, like goose feathers, with thin skin connecting them; such people are sincere and gentle in nature. Thick and blunt fingers indicate slow reactions. Beautiful fingers suggest being helped by others and trusted by people; ugly fingers mean others won't follow them. Lustrous hair and red lips like cinnabar indicate a person with talent who can learn skills. The spirit of the heart is expressed through the tongue and is also related to blood. The ends of blood vessels are hair, and its brilliance is seen on the ears. The heart holds the spirit. The classic says: if the hair is fluffy like a wild fox, the person is unreliable; if the hair is loose and flowing, the person is suspicious and changeable. Tight lips with protruding teeth make it hard to make friends; wide and straight lips indicate clear speech; bad lip shape suggests untrustworthy speech. If there is no softness around the mouth, the person likes to expose others' faults; if the mouth is like a bird's beak, it is not advisable to be with such a person; those with evil intentions have a mouth that is quick and beak-like. If the mouth is always gathered when speaking, such a person is talkative; if the speech is fast and slow inconsistently, the person is untrustworthy.

鼻孔小縮，準頭低曲者，慳吝人也 —— 肺出為鼻孔，又主皮，又為氣息，藏於魄；好鼻者，有聲譽；鼻柱薄而梁陷者，多病厄人也；鼻無媚態，蠢人；蜣蜣鼻，少意智人也。耳孔小，齒辦細者，邪陷奸佞人也 —— 賢出為骨又為髓；髓窮為耳孔，骨窮為齒，藏於志，經曰：耳孔深廣者，心虛而識元；耳孔丑小者，無智而不信神理；耳邊無媚，鄙拙人也；耳孔小而節骨曲戾者，無意智人也；鼠耳殺之不死，又云鼠耳之人，多作偷盜也。

A person with small and retracted nostrils, and a low, curved nose tip, is stingy. The lungs emit qi through the nostrils, govern the skin and respiration, and contain the spirit (魄). A well-shaped nose brings reputation; a thin nasal column and collapsed bridge of the nose indicate frequent illness and misfortune; a nose lacking in softness indicates a dull person; a nose shaped like a dung beetle, short and flat, indicates lack of wisdom. A person with small ear holes and fine teeth is deceitful and cunning. The kidneys emit qi through the bones, and transform into marrow; the ends of the marrow connect to the ear holes, and the ends of the bones are the teeth. The kidneys contain the will (志). The classic on physiognomy says: deep and wide ear holes indicate a person with a quiet mind and insight into the fundamental nature of things; small and ugly ear holes indicate lack of wisdom and disbelief in divine principles. A person lacking in softness around the ears is crude and clumsy; small ear holes and twisted ear bones indicate lack of mental capacity. A person with rat ears cannot be killed, and it is also said that such people often engage in theft.

耳輪厚，鼻準圓實，孔頭端淨，額頤深廣厚大者，忠信謹厚人也 —— 脾出為肉，肉窮為孔，又主耳輪、準鼻樑項頤等；藏於意，經曰：夫頸高大者，性自在而好凌人，頭卑弊者，性隨和而細碎；故曰，鹿頭側長，志氣雄長；鬼頭蔑頡，意志下劣，獺頭橫闊，心意豁達；夫頭細而曲者，不自樹立人也；若色斑駁或不潔淨者，性隨直而不堅固。

The earlobe is thick, the nose is round and solid, the nostrils and mouth are straight and clean, and the forehead and chin are deep, broad, and thick. These are signs of a person who is loyal, trustworthy, and sincere. The essence of the spleen is manifested externally as muscles, and the ends of the muscles are the orifices. The spleen also governs the earlobe, nose, bridge of the nose, neck, and chin. The spleen stores the mind. The classic on physiognomy says: a high neck indicates a person who is self-assured and likes to dominate others; a low and flat head indicates a person who is amiable but petty. Therefore, a head shape like a deer's head, which is long and sloping, indicates a strong will; a head shape like a ghost's head, which is crooked and cramped, indicates a weak will; a head shape like a otter's head, which is wide and horizontal, indicates an open-minded person. A small and curved head indicates a person who cannot be independent. If the skin on the head is mottled or unclean, the person may be amiable and straightforward but lacks determination.

夫手纖長者，好施舍；短厚者，好取舍則貪惜；故曰；手如雞腳意志編促；手如豬蹄，意志昏迷；手如猴掌，勤動伎倆。夫背厚闊者，剛決人也；薄者，怯弱人也。夫腹端研者，才華人也；故曰：牛腹婪貪，財物自淹；蝦螟腹者，蝦螟腹者，懶人也。夫腹端美者，則樂而能任人也；晰蠍腰者。緩人也。

Those with slender and long fingers are generous and willing to give; those with short and thick hands are only concerned with taking and not giving, being greedy and stingy. Therefore, those whose hands resemble chicken claws have narrow and confined ambitions; those whose hands resemble pig's feet have dull and confused minds; those whose hands resemble monkey palms are active and skilled in using tactics. Those with thick and broad backs are strong-willed and decisive; those with thin and narrow backs are timid. Those with a straight and smooth abdomen are talented individuals. Therefore, those whose bellies resemble a cow's belly are greedy and will accumulate wealth; those whose bellies are swollen like a toad's are lazy. Those with a straight and beautiful abdomen are cheerful in nature and capable of employing others; those whose waists are soft and slender like lizards or scorpions are slow in action.

夫聲渾厚廣者，可倚任安穩人也；夫蛇行者貪毒人也，不可與之共事；鳥行蹌蹌，性行不良，似烏鵲形也；鷹行雄烈，豺狼行者，性粗覓利人也；牛行性直，馬行猛烈人也；此性存乎客目者也。夫命之與相，憂聲之響也，聲動於機，響窮乎應。必然理矣。雖云以言信行，失之宰予；以貌度性，失之子羽；然傳稱無憂而威，憂心反之；無慶而歡，樂必還之，此心有先動，而神有先知，則色有先見，故扁鵲見恆公而知其將死，申叔見巫臣而知其竊妻；或躍馬膳珍，或飛而食肉，或皂隸而晚侯，或初刑而末王，銅巖無以飽生，玉饌終乎餓死；則彼度表，捫骨指色，摘理不可誣也，故做列云爾。

A person whose voice is deep and broad is trustworthy and has a steady disposition. Someone who walks like a snake is greedy and treacherous, and should not be associated with. Someone who walks like a bird is morally corrupt, resembling crows and magpies. Someone who walks like an eagle is strong and fierce. Someone who walks like a jackal is wild and solely after profit. Someone who walks like an ox is upright, and someone who walks like a horse is fierce. These dispositions are evident to those who observe. The relationship between destiny and appearance is like that between sound and echo: once a sound is produced, the echo inevitably follows. This is an inevitable truth. Although Confucius learned not to judge virtue solely by words from Zi Yu, and not to judge character solely by appearance from Dan Tai Mie Ming, historical records say that someone without worries may appear serious, but in fact is worried; someone without joy may appear happy, but joy will eventually come. This is because the heart moves first, the spirit knows first, and thus the appearance changes first. Therefore, Bianque knew King Huan of Qi was going to die, and Shen Shu Shi knew Wu Chen would take another man's wife. Some ride high horses and eat delicacies, some rise high and eat meat, some were once servants but later become marquises, some were first punished but later became kings. Some guard copper mountains but still go hungry, some face jade delicacies but still die of hunger. This shows that judging by appearance, examining bones and colors, and analyzing matters cannot be discredited. Therefore, these points are listed here.

察相篇一令，唐趙蓫撰，字太賓。梓州人，著儒門《長短經》九卷，談王伯經償之要，其第六篇則察相篇也；每條下悉狃自注，篇中義理精密，動本古經，與後世太陽清神鑑迥別，蓋非術士之言也；讀書知人，本儒家要道，況此篇言，皆有據可易視與。

The above one-volume work, "Chaxiang Bian," was written by Zhao Rui of the Tang dynasty. Zhao Rui, whose courtesy name was Taibin, was from Zizhou. He authored the "Rumen Changdian Jing" (The Classic of Length and Shortness) in nine volumes, which discusses the essentials of achieving imperial and hegemonic success. The sixth chapter of this work is "Chaxiang Bian." Each section includes his own commentary; the entire text is precise in meaning and its arguments are based on ancient classics, differing greatly from later popular works such as "Taiqing Shenjian" (The Supreme Clarity Divine Mirror). This shows that it is not the words of wandering fortune-tellers. To read and recognize people is originally a key aspect of Confucianism, and since the content of this chapter is based on solid grounds, how can it be lightly dismissed?

兒初生，叫聲連延相屬者壽；聲絕而復揚急者壽；啼聲散著不成人，啼聲沈深者不成人，臍中無血者好。臍小者不壽，通身軟弱如無骨者不壽；解曰：長大者壽，自開眼者不成人；目視不正，數動者大，非佳；汗血者，多厄不壽；汗不流不成人；小便凝如脂膏不成人；頭四破不成人；常搖手足者，不成人；早坐、早行、早齒、早話，皆惡性，非佳人；頭毛不周匝，老不成人；髮稀少者，不聽人；額上有旋毛者，早貴，防父母；

When a baby is born, if its cries are continuous and one after another, it indicates a long life. If the cries stop and then suddenly rise again, it also indicates a long life. If the cries are scattered and not in tune, the child will not grow up. If the cries are low and heavy, the child will not grow up. If there is no blood coming out from the navel, it is good. If the navel is small, it indicates a short life. If the child is weak and soft, as if without bones, it indicates a short life. It is explained that if the child grows tall, it will live long. If the child is born with its eyes open, it will not grow up. If the eyes are not straight and the eyeballs frequently move, the child will not be good even when grown up. If the sweat is bloody, there will be many misfortunes and a short life. If the child does not sweat at all, it will not grow up. If the urine is thick and like fat, the child will not grow up. If the skull is cracked in many places and does not close, the child will not grow up. If the child constantly shakes its hands and legs, it will not grow up. If the child learns to sit too early, to walk too early, to have teeth too early, or to speak too early, these are all bad signs and not good children. If the hair grows unevenly and cannot cover the head completely, the child will not achieve much in old age. If the hair is sparse, the child will not listen to teachings. If there is a spiral hair on the forehead, the child will be prosperous early in life, but should be cautious of harm to the parents.

兒生枕骨不成者，能言語而死；尻骨不成者，能倨而死；掌骨不成者，能匍匐而死；身不收者死；魚口者死；股間無生肉者死；頤下破者死；陰不起者死；陰囊下白者死；赤者死；卵縫通達，黑者壽；兒小時識悟通敏過人者，多天；小兒骨法，成就威儀，迥轉運舒稍緩，粗神鵰琢者壽，小兒預知人意，迴旋敏捷者夭。

A newborn whose occipital bone is not fully formed will die shortly after speaking; one whose sacrum is not fully formed will die shortly after sitting up; one whose palm bones are not fully formed will die shortly after crawling. If the body is too soft and lacks firmness, it will die. If the mouth is open but cannot close properly, like a fish's mouth, it will die. If there is no muscle development between the thighs, it will die. If there is damage below the chin, it will die. If a male infant's penis cannot erect, it will die. If the scrotum is pale below, it will die; if it is red, it will also die. If the scrotum's seam is fully connected and dark in color, the child will live long. If a child has an unusually sharp and quick understanding beyond ordinary people, it is likely to die young. For a child, the bones should be properly formed, the movements should be dignified, the movements should be somewhat graceful and unhurried, and the spirit should be simple and refined, then it will live long. If a child can guess the thoughts of adults and is overly clever in responding, it will die young.