Zhou Yi Yin Yi (周易音義)

經典釋文卷第二。周易音義。唐國子博士兼太子中允贈齊州刺史吳縣開國男陸德明撰。周（代名也，周至也，遍也，備也，今名書義取周普）。易（盈只反，此經名也，虞翻注參同契云字從日下月）。

This is the second volume of the "Classic Interpretations and Pronunciations," titled "Sounds and Meanings of the Zhou Changes." The author is Lu Deming, a person from the Tang dynasty, whose name was Yuanlang, but he was known by his courtesy name. He held the position of national university doctoral student and also served as an assistant to the crown prince. After his death, he was posthumously honored as the governor of Qizhou and granted the title of the first male of the Wuxian county. The character "Zhou" refers both to a dynasty and has meanings such as completeness, thoroughness, and fullness. The book is named "Zhou Changes" with the meaning of "comprehensiveness and universality," indicating that its teachings encompass everything. The character "Yi" is annotated as "ying zhi fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation combining the initial sound of "ying" and the final sound and tone of "zhi," resulting in the pronunciation yì, which is the name of the classic. Yu Fan, a person from the Three Kingdoms period of Wu, who annotated the "Three Concordances" of the Zhou Changes, explained that the character "Yi" is composed of "sun" on top and "moon" below.

上經（上者對下立名經者常也，法也，徑也，由也）。乾（卦名）。傳（直戀反，以傳述為義謂夫子十翼也，解見發題）。第一（亦作弟）。王弼注（本亦作王輔嗣注音張具反今本或無注字師無者非）。

The term "upper" in "Shang Jing" is a relative term in contrast to "Xia Jing." "Jing" encompasses several meanings: constant way, rule, approach, and basis. "Gan" is the same as "Qian," which is the name of a hexagram. "Chuan" is annotated as "zhuàn," a phonetic annotation using reverse slicing, meaning to transmit or explain, referring to the "Ten Wings" composed by Confucius. The term "first" also writes "di" as "弟." The phrase "Wang Bi's commentary" is sometimes written as "Wang Fusi's commentary," as Fusi was Wang Bi's given name. "Zhu" is annotated as "zhu," a phonetic annotation using reverse slicing, meaning to annotate, and is read as "zhù." Some editions of the present text omit the character "zhu," but the teacher's explanation considers this omission incorrect.

乾（竭然反，依字作乾下乙干從旦於㫃音偃卦云乾健也，此八純卦象天）。元亨（許庚反，卦德也，訓通也，餘放此）。濳（捷鹽反）。龍（喻陽氣及聖人）。見龍（賢遍反，示也，注及下見龍皆同）。利見（如字下皆同）。大人（王肅云聖人在位之目）。離隱（力智反）。處於（昌呂反，眾經不音者放此）。德施（始豉反，與也）。不偏（音篇）。則過（古臥反，諸經內皆同）。夕惕（他曆反，怵惕也，鄭云懼也，廣雅同）。若厲（力世反，危也）。無（音無易內皆作此字文云竒字無也，通於無者虛無道也，玉述天屈西北為無）。

"The 'Gan' character is actually 'Qian,' with the annotation 'Jie Ran Fan,' which is a reverse-sound annotation. It takes the initial sound of 'Jie' and the rhyme and tone of 'Ran' to read as 'qian.' According to its character form, it should be 'Qian,' with the right side composed of 'Yi' and the left side 'Zhan,' which is made up of 'Dan' and 'Yan,' where 'Yan' is pronounced 'yan.' The hexagram statement says that 'Qian' represents strength and vigor, and this hexagram is one of the eight pure hexagrams, with both upper and lower parts identical, symbolizing heaven. 'Heng' in 'Yuan Heng' is annotated as 'Xu Geng Fan,' which is read as 'heng,' representing the virtue of the hexagram 'Qian,' meaning to be smooth and unimpeded. Similar characters are read in the same way. 'Qian' is also the same as 'Qian,' with the annotation 'Jie Yan Fan,' read as 'qian.' 'Long' here is used as a metaphor for yang energy and also for a sage. 'Xian Long' refers to 'Xian,' which is annotated as 'Xian Bian Fan,' read as 'xian,' meaning to appear. Wang Bi's annotations and subsequent mentions of 'Xian Long' all use this pronunciation. 'Li Xian' refers to 'Xian,' which is read as its original character and meaning, without breaking it down, and the same applies to subsequent mentions. 'Da Ren' refers to the title for a sage who holds the position of a ruler, according to Wang Su of the Wei dynasty. 'Li Yin' refers to 'Li,' which is annotated as 'Li Zhi Fan,' read as 'li.' 'Chu Yu' refers to 'Chu,' which is annotated as 'Chang Lv Fan,' read as 'chu.' All other characters not given separate annotations are read in this way. 'De Shi' refers to 'Shi,' which is annotated as 'Shi Chi Fan,' read as 'shi,' meaning to give. 'Bu Pian' refers to 'Pian,' which is read as 'pian.' 'Ze Guo' refers to 'Guo,' which is annotated as 'Gu Wo Fan,' read as 'guo,' and is read the same way in all other classics. 'Xi Ti' refers to 'Ti,' which is annotated as 'Te Li Fan,' read as 'ti,' meaning to be alert; Zheng Xuan interprets it as fear, and the explanation in 'Guangya' is the same. 'Ru Li' refers to 'Li,' which is annotated as 'Li Shi Fan,' read as 'li,' meaning danger. 'Wu' is read as 'wu,' and this character form is used throughout the entire 'Zhou Yi.' 'Shuo Wen' says that 'wu' is a variant form of 'wu,' and 'wu' is considered to be the same as 'wu,' which refers to the way of emptiness. Other character dictionaries also say that 'heaven bends the northwest to form 'wu.'"

咎（其久反，易內同）。重剛（直龍反，下同）。竭知（音智）。或躍（羊灼反，廣雅云上也，上音時掌反）。所處（一本作可處）。近乎（附近之近）。猶（以救反）。與（音預）。不謬（靡幼反，本或作繆音同）。夫位（音符下皆同）。亢（苦浪反，子夏傳云極也，廣雅云髙也）。則佞（乃定反）。邪（字又作耶似嗟反）。（吐亂反，斷也，斷音都亂反）。資始（鄭云資取也）。乃統（鄭云統本也）。

The character 「咎」is annotated as 「其久反」, a reverse-sound annotation, read as jiù, the same pronunciation throughout the entire Zhou Changes. The character 「重」in 「重刚」is annotated as 「直龙反」, read as chóng, the same pronunciation in the following text. The character 「知」in 「竭知」is pronounced as 「智」, read as zhì. The character 「跃」in 「或跃」is annotated as 「羊灼反」, read as yuè; the Guangya explains 「跃」as 「上」, which is pronounced 「时掌反」, read as shǎng. The term 「所处」is alternatively written as 「可处」in another version. The character 「近」in 「近乎」is read as the 「近」in 「附近」, which is a falling tone, read as jìn. The character 「犹」is annotated as 「以救反」, read as yòu. The character 「与」is pronounced as 「预」, read as yù. The character 「谬」in 「不谬」is annotated as 「靡幼反」, read as miù; some versions write it as 「缪」, with the same pronunciation. The character 「夫」in 「夫位」is pronounced as 「符」, read as fú, serving as a sentence starter, the same pronunciation in the following text. The character 「亢」is annotated as 「苦浪反」, read as kàng; the Zixia Commentary on the Changes explains it as extreme, and the Guangya explains it as high. The character 「佞」in 「则佞」is annotated as 「乃定反」, read as nìng. The character 「邪」is also written as 「耶」, annotated as 「似嗟反」, read as xié. The first character of the next entry is missing, annotated as 「吐乱反」, read as tuàn, which refers to the 「彖」, meaning to cut off or decide, with the pronunciation of 「断」being 「都乱反」, read as duàn. The term 「资始」is explained by Zheng Xuan as 「资」meaning to take. The term 「乃统」is explained by Zheng Xuan as 「统」meaning the original.

雲行（如字）。雨施（始豉反，卦內皆同）。之累（劣偽反）。者邪（或作耶同餘嗟反後協句辭皆放此）。象（翔丈反，精象擬象也）。自強（其良反）。反覆（芳服反，注同，本亦作覆）。大人造（鄭徂早反為也，王肅七到反就也，至也，劉歆父子作聚）。文言（文飾卦下之言也，夫子之十翼梁武帝云文言是文王所制）。之長（張丈反）。之幹（古旦反）。體仁（如字京房荀爽董遇本作體信）。利物（孟喜京荀陸績作利之）。不成名（一本作不成乎名）。遯世（徒頓反）。

The character "行" in "云行" is read according to its original pronunciation. The character "施" in "雨施" is read as shì, with the pronunciation "始豉反." All instances within the primary hexagram follow the same reading. The character "累" in "之累" is read as lèi, with the pronunciation "劣伪反." The character "邪" in "者邪" is sometimes written as "耶" in other versions, with the pronunciation "余嗟反," read as yé; all similar particles used for sentence coordination in the following text follow this pattern. The character "象" is annotated with "翔丈反," read as xiàng, referring to subtle phenomena and imitative images. The character "强" in "自强" is read as qiáng, with the pronunciation "其良反." The character "复" in "反复" is read as fù, with the pronunciation "芳服反," as noted by Wang Bi; some versions read it as "覆." The character "造" in "大人造" is read as zào by Zheng Xuan, with the pronunciation "徂早反," meaning "to create"; Wang Su reads it as "七到反," which is also read as zào today, meaning "to approach" or "to arrive"; versions from Liu Xiang and Liu Xin read it as "聚." The term "文言" refers to ornamental language below the hexagram, belonging to the Ten Wings attributed to Confucius; however, Emperor Wu of Liang claimed that the "文言" was composed by King Wen of Zhou. The character "长" in "之长" is read as zhǎng, with the pronunciation "张丈反." The character "干" in "之干" is read as gàn, with the pronunciation "古旦反," meaning "幹." The character "体" in "体仁" is read according to its original form; versions by Jing Fang, Xun Shuang, and Dong Yu read it as "体信." The term "利物" is read as "利之" in versions by Meng Xi, Jing Fang, Xun Shuang, and Lu Ji. The phrase "不成名" is alternatively written as "不成乎名." The character "遯" in "遯世" is read as dùn, with the pronunciation "徒顿反."

無悶（門遜反）。樂則（音洛）。確乎（苦學反，鄭云堅髙之貌文云髙至）。可拔（蒲八反，鄭云移也，廣雅云出也）。庸行（下孟反）。閒邪（似嗟反，下同）。幾（旣依反，注同理初始微名幾）。能全（一本作能令）。尟克（今亦作鮮同仙善反少也）。怵（律反）。解怠（佳賣反）。上下（並如字王肅上音時掌反）。非離（力智反）。相應（應對之應易內不出者並同）。流溼（申入反）。就燥（蘇早先皂二反）。聖人作（如字鄭云起也，馬融作起）。

The character 「闷」 in 「无闷」 is pronounced mèn, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation 「门逊反」. The character 「乐」 in 「乐则」 is pronounced lè, as noted by the reverse-slicing 「洛」. The character 「确」 in 「确乎」 is pronounced què, as indicated by 「苦学反」; Zheng Xuan explains it as meaning the appearance of something high and steep, and the Shuowen Jiezi defines it as 「高至」. The character 「拔」 in 「可拔」 is pronounced bá, as indicated by 「蒲八反」; Zheng Xuan explains it as movement, and the Guangya defines it as emergence. The character 「行」 in 「庸行」 is pronounced xìng, as indicated by 「下孟反」, referring to virtue. The character 「邪」 in 「闲邪」 is pronounced xié, as indicated by 「似嗟反」, and is pronounced the same in the following text. The character 「几」 is annotated as 「既依反」, pronounced jī; Wang Bi's commentary agrees, referring to the subtle initial signs of a matter, hence named 「几」. The phrase 「能全」 is alternatively written as 「能令」 in another version. The character 「尟」 in 「尟克」 is now written as 「鲜」, pronounced xiǎn, as indicated by 「仙善反」, meaning few. The character 「怵」 is annotated as 「律反」, with the reverse-slicing upper character missing, and the character is pronounced chù. The term 「解怠」 refers to 「懈怠」, with 「解」 annotated as 「佳卖反」, pronounced xiè. The characters 「上下」 are both read as their original forms; Wang Su reads 「上」 as 「时掌反」, i.e., shǎng. The character 「离」 in 「非离」 is pronounced lì, as indicated by 「力智反」. The character 「应」 in 「相应」 is pronounced yìng, as in 「应对」, with a falling tone; all instances in the Zhouyi not otherwise annotated are read the same. The character 「湿」 in 「流湿」 is pronounced shī, as indicated by 「申入反」. The character 「燥」 in 「就燥」 has two pronunciations: 「苏早反」 is pronounced sǎo, and 「先皁反」 is pronounced zào. The character 「作」 in 「圣人作」 is read as its original form; Zheng Xuan explains it as arising, and Ma Rong's version directly uses 「起」.

而當（都浪反，易內皆同有異者別出）。故盡（津忍反）。當其（如字）。上治（直吏反，下及注同）。放逺（於萬反）。見而（賢遍反）。粹（雖遂反）。揮（音輝廣雅云動也，王肅云散也，本亦作輝義取光輝）。為行（下孟反，下之行行而皆同）。日可（人實反）。未見（賢遍反）。以辯（如字徐扶免反）。重剛（直龍反，下同）。夫大人（音符發端之字皆放此）。先天（悉薦反）。後天（胡豆反）。知喪（息浪反）。其唯聖人乎（王肅本作愚人後結始作聖人）。

The character "当" in "而当" is read as dàng, as indicated by the reverse-slicing pronunciation "都浪反." The same reading is used in The Zhou Changes. The character "尽" in "故尽" is read as jǐn, as indicated by "津忍反." The "当" in "当其" is read as the original character. The character "治" in "上治" is read as zhì, as indicated by "直吏反," and the same reading applies to the following text and annotations. The character "逺" in "放逺" is the same as "远," read as yuàn, meaning distant. The character "见" in "见而" is read as xiàn, as indicated by "贤遍反." The character "粹" is annotated as "虽遂反," read as suì. The character "挥" is pronounced "辉," read as huī; The Guangya explains it as movement, and Wang Su explains it as dispersion; some editions directly use "辉," taking the meaning of brightness. The character "行" in "为行" is read as xìng, as indicated by "下孟反," and the same reading applies to "之行" and "行而" in the following text. The character "日" in "日可" is read as rì, as indicated by "人实反." The character "见" in "未见" is read as xiàn, as indicated by "贤遍反." The character "辩" in "以辩" is read as the original character; Xu Maio reads it as "扶免反," i.e., biàn. The character "重" in "重刚" is read as chóng, as indicated by "直龙反," and the same reading applies to the following text. The character "夫" in "夫大人" is read as fú, as indicated by "符," and all instances of "夫" at the beginning of a sentence follow this reading. The character "先" in "先天" is read as xiàn, as indicated by "悉荐反." The character "后" in "后天" is read as hòu, as indicated by "胡豆反." The character "丧" in "知丧" is read as sàng, as indicated by "息浪反." In the sentence "其唯圣人乎," Wang Su's edition reads "愚人," and it is changed to "圣人" later in the conclusion.

坤（本又作巛巛今字也，同困魂反卦云順也，八純卦象地）。利牝（頻忍反，徐邈扶忍反又扶死反）。有攸（音由所也）。喪朋（息浪反，馬云失也，下及注並同）。必離（力智反）。無疆（或作壃同居良反下及注同）。必爭（爭之爭）。履霜（如字鄭讀履為禮）。積著（張慮反，眾經不音者皆同）。始凝（魚冰反）。馴（似遵反，向秀云從也，徐音訓此依鄭義）。任其（而鴆反，眾經皆同）。知光（音智注同）。不擅（善戰反，專也）。括（古活反，結也，方言云閉也，廣雅云塞也）。囊（乃剛反）。無譽（音餘又音預）。不造（七到反，又曹早反）。

The character 「坤」 is also written as 「巛」, which is the modern form, pronounced 「困魂反」, a phonetic annotation combining the initial sound of 「困」 and the rhyme and tone of 「魂」, pronounced kūn. The Hexagram Statement says that 「坤」 represents yielding and flexibility, and this hexagram is one of the eight pure hexagrams, symbolizing the earth. The character 「牝」 in 「利牝」 is pronounced 「频忍反」, which is pìn; Xu Miào reads it as 「扶忍反」, which is also 「扶死反」. The character 「攸」 in 「有攸」 is pronounced 「由」, meaning 「所」. The character 「丧」 in 「丧朋」 is pronounced 「息浪反」, which is sàng; Ma Rong explains it as 「失」, and the following text and annotations all agree. The character 「离」 in 「必离」 is pronounced 「力智反」, which is lì. The character 「疆」 in 「无疆」 is sometimes written as 「壃」, and is pronounced 「居良反」, which is jiāng, and the following text and annotations all agree. The character 「争」 in 「必争」 is pronounced as 「争斗」's 「争」. The character 「履」 in 「履霜」 is read as its original form; Zheng Xuan, however, reads it as 「礼」. The character 「着」 in 「积着」 is pronounced 「张虑反」, which is zhù, and this is the same in all other classical texts where it is not separately explained. The character 「凝」 in 「始凝」 is pronounced 「鱼冰反」, which is níng. The character 「驯」 is annotated as 「似遵反」, pronounced xún; Xiang Xiu explains it as 「顺从」, Xu Miào pronounces it as 「训」, and here we follow Zheng Xuan's interpretation. The character 「任」 in 「任其」 is pronounced 「而鸩反」, which is rèn, and this is the same in all other classical texts. The character 「知」 in 「知光」 is pronounced 「智」, which is zhì, and the annotations agree. The character 「擅」 in 「不擅」 is pronounced 「善战反」, which is shàn, meaning to act arbitrarily. The character 「括」 is annotated as 「古活反」, pronounced kuò, meaning to tie up; the 「Dialects」 text explains it as 「闭」, and the 「Guangya」 explains it as 「塞」. The character 「囊」 is annotated as 「乃刚反」, pronounced náng. The character 「誉」 in 「无誉」 is pronounced 「余」, and also 「预」. The character 「造」 in 「不造」 is pronounced 「七到反」 and also 「曹早反」, and today it is read as zào.

否（皮鄙反）。閉（心計反，字林方結反云闔也）。施愼（並如字愼謹也，象詞同，本或作順非）。之飾（申職反，本或作餝俗字）。坤至柔（本或有文言曰者）。為邪（似嗟反）。餘殃（於良反，鄭云禍惡也，文云凶也）。臣弒（式志反，本或作殺音同下同）。由辯（如字馬云別也，荀作變）。言順（如字）。直方大不習無不利則不疑其所行（張璠本此上有易曰眾家皆無）。木蕃（伐反）。而暢（勑亮反）。陰疑（如字荀虞姚信蜀才本作凝）。為其（於偽反，注為其同）。嫌（戸謙反，注同鄭作謙荀虞陸董作嗛）。未離（力智反）。

"Fu" is annotated as "pi bi fan," a reverse-sound annotation, read as pǐ. "Bi" is annotated as "xin ji fan," read as bì; the "Zi Lin" reads "fang jie fan," explaining it as "he." The characters "shi shen" are both read as their original forms; "shen" means carefulness, and the wording in the "Image Commentary" is the same. Some versions read "shun" instead, which is incorrect. The character "shi" in "zhi shi" is annotated as "shen zhi fan," read as shì; some versions read "xie," which is a vulgar form. In the sentence "Kun zhi rou," some versions have the three characters "wen yan yue" before it. The character "xie" in "wei xie" is annotated as "si jie fan," read as xié. The character "yang" in "yu yang" is annotated as "yu liang fan," read as yāng; Zheng Xuan explains it as calamity, and the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" explains it as misfortune. The character "shi" in "chen shi" is annotated as "shi zhi fan," read as shì; some versions read "sha," which has the same pronunciation, and the same applies to the following text. The character "bian" in "you bian" is read as its original form; Ma Rong explains it as distinction, and the version by Xun Shuang reads "bian." The character "shun" in "yan shun" is read as its original form. In the sentence "zhi fang da, bu xi wu bu li, ze bu yi qi xing xing," Zhang Fan's version has the two characters "yi yue" above this sentence, while other versions do not. The character "fan" in "mu fan" is annotated as "fa fan," a reverse-sound annotation, with the first character of the reverse-sound missing, and the character is read as fán. The character "chang" in "er chang" is annotated as "chi liang fan," read as chang. The character "yi" in "yin yi" is read as its original form; the versions by Xun Shuang, Yu Fan, Yao Xin, and Shu Cai read "ning." The character "wei" in "wei qi" is annotated as "yu wei fan," read as wei, and the "wei" in the annotation is the same. The character "xian" is annotated as "hu qian fan," read as xian, and the annotation is the same; Zheng Xuan's version reads "qian," and the versions by Xun Shuang, Yu Fan, Lu Ji, and Dong Yu read "qian." The character "li" in "wei li" is annotated as "li zhi fan," read as li.

屯（張倫反，難也，盈也，坎宮二世卦）。則否（備鄙反）。得主則定（本亦作則寧）。而難（乃旦反，卦內除六二注難可餘並同賈逵注周語云畏憚也）。天造（徂早反，注同）。草昧（音妹廣雅云草造也，董云草昧微物）。而不寧（而辭也，鄭讀而曰能能猶安也）。經論（音倫鄭如字謂論撰書禮樂施政事黃穎云經論匡濟也，本亦作綸）。

The hexagram "Zun" is annotated with "Zhang Lun Fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation. It combines the initial sound of "Zhang" with the rhyme and tone of "Lun," resulting in the pronunciation zhuun. It is explained as meaning hardship and also as meaning fullness. This hexagram is the second generation hexagram of the Kan palace. The "pǐ" in "zé pǐ" is annotated as "Bei Bi Fan," which is pronounced pǐ. "De zhu then ding" is sometimes written as "zé ning" in other versions. The "nan" in "er nan" is annotated as "Nai Dan Fan," which is pronounced nàn. Except for the annotation "nan ke" in line six two, all other instances of "nan" in the primary hexagram are pronounced nàn. Jia Kui's annotation of "Guoyu · Zhouyu" says that "nan" means fear. The "zao" in "tian zao" is annotated as "Cu Zao Fan," which is pronounced zào, and the annotation is the same. The "mei" in "cao mei" is pronounced mèi. The "cao" in "cao mei" is explained by Guangya as meaning creation. Dong Yu says that "cao mei" refers to small things. The "er" in "er bu ning" is a particle. Zheng Xuan reads "er" as "neng," meaning peace. The "lun" in "jing lun" is pronounced "lun." Zheng Xuan reads it as the original pronunciation, explaining it as discussing and compiling classics, rites and music, and government affairs. Huang Ying says "jing lun" means to save the world. Some versions read it as "lun."

盤（本亦作盤又作盤歩乾反）。桓（馬云盤旋也）。晏安（本又作宴各依字晏一諫反宴一見反）。下賤（遐嫁反）。屯如（子夏傳云如辭也）。邅如（張連反，馬云難行不進之貌）。乗馬（繩證反，四馬曰乗下及注並同鄭云馬牝牡曰乗子夏傳音繩）。班如（如字子夏傳云相牽不進貌鄭本作般）。媾（古後反，馬云重㛰本作冓鄭云猶會，本或作構者非）。相近（附近之近下近五同又如字）。即鹿（王肅作麓云山足）。君子幾（徐音祈辭也，注同又音機近也，速也，鄭作機云弩牙也）。

The character 「盘」 is sometimes written as 「槃」 in other versions, both pronounced 「歩干反」, which is a reverse-slicing phonetic annotation, read as pán. The character 「桓」, according to Ma Rong, refers to the appearance of winding and not advancing. The character 「晏」 in 「晏安」 is sometimes written as 「宴」, and each version is read according to its own character: 「晏」 is read 「一谏反」, meaning yàn, and 「宴」 is read 「一见反」, also meaning yàn. The character 「下」 in 「下贱」 is read 「遐嫁反」, meaning xià. The character 「如」 in 「屯如」, according to Zixia's Commentary on the Changes, is a grammatical particle. The character 「邅」 in 「邅如」 is read 「张连反」, meaning zhān; Ma Rong says it refers to difficulty in advancing. The character 「乗」 in 「乗马」 is read 「绳证反」, meaning shèng, as four horses make one 「乘」, and the following text and annotations use the same pronunciation; Zheng Xuan says that 「乗」 refers to a horse with both male and female; Zixia's Commentary on the Changes pronounces it as 「绳」. The character 「班」 in 「班如」 is read as the original character; Zixia's Commentary on the Changes says it refers to being tied together and not advancing, while Zheng Xuan's version writes it as 「般」. The character 「媾」 is annotated as 「古后反」, meaning gòu; Ma Rong says it refers to polygamy, and the original character is 「冓」; Zheng Xuan says it means meeting or coming together; some versions write it as 「构」, which is incorrect. The character 「近」 in 「相近」 is read as 「附近」's 「近」, and the 「近」 in 「近五」 is the same, and can also be read as the original character. The character 「鹿」 in 「即鹿」 is written as 「麓」 in Wang Su's version, meaning mountain foot. The character 「几」 in 「君子几」 is pronounced 「祈」 by Xu Miao, meaning a grammatical particle, and the annotation uses the same pronunciation; it is also pronounced 「机」, meaning near or quick; Zheng Xuan's version writes it as 「机」, meaning the tooth of a crossbow.

如舎（式夜反，止也，注下同徐音舍）。往吝（力刃反，又力愼反馬云恨也）。雖比（毗志反，下皆同）。之易（以豉反）。不揆（葵癸反）。以從（如字鄭黃於用反）。合好（呼報反，下同）。恢弘（苦回反，大也）。博施（式豉反，及下文皆同）。拯（拯救之拯）。亨於（許庚反）。他閒（閒廁之閒）。漣如（音連文云泣下也）。應援（於眷反，又音）。闉（音因塞也，春秋傳云當陳隧者井堙木刋是也）。厄（於革反，又於賣反）。委仰（如字又魚亮反）。長也（直良反）。

The character 「舎」 in 「如舎」 is pronounced shè, as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation 「式夜反」; it means to stop. The same annotation and subsequent text use this pronunciation. The character 「吝」 in 「往吝」 is pronounced lìn, as indicated by 「力刃反」, and also lìn, as indicated by 「力愼反」; Zheng Xuan and Ma Rong explain it as regret. The character 「比」 in 「虽比」 is pronounced bì, as indicated by 「毗志反」, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character 「易」 in 「之易」 is pronounced yì, as indicated by 「以豉反」. The character 「揆」 in 「不揆」 is pronounced kuí, as indicated by 「葵癸反」. The character 「从」 in 「以从」 is read as the original character, and Zheng Xuan and Huang Ying read it as yú yòng. The character 「好」 in 「合好」 is pronounced hào, as indicated by 「呼报反」, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character 「恢」 in 「恢弘」 is pronounced huī, as indicated by 「苦回反」, and it means great. The character 「施」 in 「博施」 is pronounced shì, as indicated by 「式豉反」, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character 「拯」 is read as zhěng, as in 「拯救」. The character 「亨」 in 「亨于」 is pronounced hēng, as indicated by 「许庚反」. The character 「闲」 in 「他闲」 is read as xián cè, as in 「闲厕」. The character 「涟」 in 「涟如」 is pronounced lián; the Shuowen Jiezi says it refers to the appearance of tears flowing down. The character 「援」 in 「應援」 is pronounced yuàn, as indicated by 「于眷反」, and there is another pronunciation, but the text is missing. The character 「闉」 is pronounced yīn, meaning blocked; the Spring and Autumn Zuo Zhuan says 「when the well was filled with earth and the tree was cut down」, using this meaning. The character 「厄」 is annotated as yú gé, pronounced è, and also yú mài. The character 「仰」 in 「委仰」 is read as the original character, and also yú liàng. The character 「长」 in 「长也」 is pronounced zhí liáng, meaning long.

蒙（莫公反，濛濛也，稚也，稽覽圖云無以敎天下曰蒙方言云蒙萌也，離宮四世卦）。童（如字字書作僮鄭云未冠之稱廣雅云痴也）。筮（市制反，決也，鄭云問）。告（古毒反，示也，語也）。再三（息暫反，又如字）。瀆（音獨亂也，鄭云䙝也）。則復（扶又反）。能斷（丁亂反）。夫疑（音扶六五注同）。閡山（五代反）。時中（張仲反，注時中決中同又如字和也）。童蒙求我（一本作來求我）。不諮（本亦作諮又作資並通）。果行（下孟反，注及六三注象同）。

The annotation for 「蒙」 says 「莫公反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced méng. It is explained as meaning ignorance or confusion, and also as meaning childishness. The 「Keliantu」 says 「without teaching the world it is called 蒙」, and the 「Fangyan」 says 「蒙」 is the same as 「萌」. This hexagram is the fourth generation hexagram of the Li trigram. 「童」 is read as the original character; in dictionaries it is written as 「僮」. Zheng Xuan says it refers to a person who has not yet received the hat ceremony. The 「Guangya」 explains it as meaning foolish. 「筮」 is annotated 「市制反」, pronounced shì, and is explained as meaning decision. Zheng Xuan explains it as meaning to ask. 「告」 is annotated 「古毒反」, pronounced gù, and is explained as meaning to show or to speak. The 「三」 in 「再三」 is annotated 「息暂反」, pronounced sàn, and can also be read as the original character. 「渎」 is pronounced 「独」, and is explained as meaning disorder. Zheng Xuan explains it as meaning disrespectful. The 「复」 in 「则复」 is annotated 「扶又反」, pronounced fù. The 「断」 in 「能断」 is annotated 「丁乱反」, pronounced duàn. The 「夫」 in 「夫疑」 is pronounced 「扶」, read as fú, same as in the annotation of the sixth line five. The 「阂」 in 「阂山」 is annotated 「五代反」, pronounced ài. The 「中」 in 「时中」 is annotated 「张仲反」, pronounced zhòng, same as in 「决中」 in the annotation; it can also be read as the original character, meaning harmony. 「童蒙求我」 is sometimes written as 「来求我」. The 「谘」 in 「不谘」 is sometimes written as 「咨」 or 「资」, all of which are acceptable. The 「行」 in 「果行」 is annotated 「下孟反」, pronounced xìng, same as in the annotation of the third line and the 「Image Commentary」.

用（吐活反，注同徐又音稅）。桎（音質）。梏（古毒反，在足曰桎在手曰梏小爾雅云杻謂之梏械謂之桎杻音丑）。所惡（烏路反）。包蒙（如字鄭云苞當作彪彪文也）。用取（七住反，本又作娶下及注同）。獨逺（於萬反，下文同）。能比（毗志反）。以巽（音遜鄭云當作遜）。擊蒙（經歷反，王肅云治也，馬鄭作繫）。擊去（起呂反，下同）。為之（於偽反，又如字）。扞（胡旦反）。御（魚呂反，本又作衛）。

The character "用" above has a missing character; the annotation says "tuō", which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as tuō, meaning "say" is homophonous with "remove". The annotation is the same. Xu Miao also pronounces it as "shui". The character "桎" is pronounced "zhi", read as zhì. The character "梏" is annotated as "gǔ", read as gù; restraints on the feet are called "桎", and those on the hands are called "梏"; the "Xiaoyi" says "chou" is called "梏", and "xiè" is called "桎", "chou" is pronounced "chou". The character "恶" in "所恶" is annotated as "wu lu fan", read as wù. The character "包" in "包蒙" is read as is. Zheng Xuan says "bao" should be "biao", "biao" means ornamentation. The character "取" in "用取" is annotated as "qi zhu fan", read as qǔ; some editions read it as "qu", the following text and annotations are the same. The character "逺" in "独逺" is "远", annotated as "yu wan fan", read as yuàn, the following text is the same. The character "比" in "能比" is annotated as "pi zhi fan", read as bì. The character "巽" in "以巽" is pronounced "xun", read as xùn; Zheng Xuan says it should be "xun". The character "击" in "击蒙" is annotated as "ji li jie fan", read as jī; Wang Su explains it as "govern", and the editions of Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan read it as "xi". The character "去" in "击去" is annotated as "qi lv fan", read as qù, the following text is the same. The character "为" in "为之" is annotated as "yu wei fan", read as wèi, it can also be read as is. The character "扞" is annotated as "hu dan fan", read as hàn. The character "御" is annotated as "yu lv fan", read as yù; some editions read it as "wei".

需（音須字從兩重而者非飲食之道也，訓養鄭讀為秀解云陽氣秀而不直前者畏上坎也，坤宮游魂卦）。有孚（徐音敷信也，又作旉）。光（師讀絶句）。亨貞吉（一句馬鄭揔為一句）。不陷（陷沒之陷）。位乎（如字鄭音蒞）。雲上（時掌反，干寶云升也）。於天（王肅本作雲在天上）。宴（烏練反，徐烏殄反安也，下同鄭云享宴也，李烏衍反）。樂（音洛注同）。

The character 「需」 is pronounced 「xū」; its form consists of 「雨」 and 「而」, and writing it with two 「而」 characters is incorrect. This hexagram discusses the way of food and drink, and is interpreted as 「养」. Zheng Xuan reads it as 「秀」, explaining that the yang energy emerges but does not proceed directly forward because it fears the danger of the upper trigram Kan. This hexagram is a wandering ghost hexagram in the Hexagram of Earth. The character 「孚」 in 「有孚」 is pronounced 「fū」 by Xu Miao, meaning trust; 「孚」 can also be written as 「旉」. The character 「光」 is interpreted by the Master as a pause in the sentence. The three characters 「亨贞吉」 form one sentence; Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan, however, treat 「光亨贞吉」 as a single sentence. The character 「陷」 in 「不陷」 is pronounced as 「xiàn mò」, meaning to be submerged. The character 「位」 in 「位乎」 is read as written; Zheng Xuan pronounces it 「lì」. The character 「上」 in 「云上」 is pronounced 「shǎng」, as in 「shǎng fǎn」, and is interpreted by Gan Bao as rising. In the sentence 「于天」, Wang Su's version reads 「云在天上」. The character 「宴」 is annotated as 「wū liàn fǎn」, pronounced 「yàn」; Xu Miao reads it as 「wū zhěn fǎn」, meaning peace, with the same interpretation following; Zheng Xuan says it refers to a banquet. The character 「乐」 is pronounced 「luò」, read as 「lè」, with the annotations agreeing.

最逺（萬反，下逺險同）。於難（乃旦反，下及文皆同）。利用恆未失常也（本亦有無咎者）。於沙（如字鄭作沚）。轉近（附近之近）。後時（胡豆反）。衍在（以善反，徐怡戰反）。致寇（如字鄭王肅本作戎）。則闢（音避下同）。己得（音紀又音巳）。所復（扶又反）。不速（如字馬云召也，釋詁云疾也，釋言云征也，召也）。

The character 「逺」 in 「最逿」 is the same as 「远」, with the annotation 「万反」, the first character of the reverse-slicing is missing, and the character is read as yuàn. The 「逿」 in 「逿險」 is also read as yuàn. The 「难」 in 「于难」 is annotated with 「乃旦反」, which is reverse-slicing for pronunciation, read as nàn. The same pronunciation is used in the following text and in the text of the 「彖」 and 「象」. The sentence 「利用恒，未失常也」 in some versions also includes the characters 「无咎」. The character 「沙」 in 「于沙」 is read as the original character; in Zheng Xuan's version, it is written as 「沚」. The character 「近」 in 「转近」 is read as the same as 「附近」's 「近」. The character 「后」 in 「后时」 is annotated with 「胡豆反」, read as hòu. The character 「衍」 in 「衍在」 is annotated with 「以善反」, read as yǎn; Xu Mi reads it as 「怡战反」. The character 「寇」 in 「致寇」 is read as the original character; in Zheng Xuan's and Wang Su's versions, it is written as 「戎」. The character 「辟」 in 「则辟」 is pronounced as 「避」, read as bì, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character 「己」 in 「己得」 is pronounced as 「纪」, and also as 「巳」. The character 「复」 in 「所复」 is annotated with 「扶又反」, read as fù. The character 「速」 in 「不速」 is read as the original character; Ma Rong explains it as 「召」, the 「尔雅·释诂」 explains it as 「疾」, and the 「尔雅·释言」 explains it as 「征」 or 「召」.

訟（才用反，爭也，言之於公也，鄭云辯則曰訟離宮游魂卦）。窒（張栗反，徐得悉反又得失反馬作咥云讀為躓猶止也，鄭云咥覺悔貌）。惕（湯歷反，王注或在惕字上或在下皆通在中吉下者非）。中（如字馬丁仲反）。吉（有孚窒一句惕中吉一句）。渉難（乃旦反）。猶復（扶又反，下同）。不枉（紆往反）。而令（力呈反）。正夫（音符下注同）。斷不（丁亂反，下注並同）。契之（苦計反，下同）。其分（符問反）。相濫（力暫反）。爭何（爭之爭）。陰和（胡臥反）。而逋（補吳反，徐方吳反）。

The annotation for 「讼」 says 「才用反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, combining the initial sound of 「才」 with the rhyme and tone of 「用」, resulting in the pronunciation sòng. It is explained as meaning to dispute, referring to bringing a dispute before an official; Zheng Xuan says that to argue is called 「讼」; this hexagram is a wandering ghost hexagram of the fire trigram. The annotation for 「窒」 says 「张栗反」, which is pronounced zhì; Xu Miào reads it as 「得悉反」, which is also 「得失反」; Ma Rong's version reads it as 「咥」, saying it should be read as 「踬」, meaning to stop; Zheng Xuan says it refers to the appearance of being startled and realizing one's mistake. The annotation for 「惕」 says 「汤历反」, which is pronounced tì; Wang Bi's annotations are sometimes placed above the character 「惕」 and sometimes below, both interpretations are acceptable, but placing them below 「中吉」 is incorrect. The character 「中」 is read as it is; Ma Rong reads it as 「丁仲反」, which is zhòng. The sentence division for 「吉」 is: 「有孚窒」 is one sentence, and 「惕中吉」 is another. The character 「难」 in 「渉难」 is read as 「乃旦反」, which is nàn. The character 「复」 in 「犹复」 is read as 「扶又反」, which is fù, and the same applies below. The character 「枉」 in 「不枉」 is read as 「纡往反」, which is wǎng. The character 「令」 in 「而令」 is read as 「力呈反」, which is líng. The character 「夫」 in 「正夫」 is pronounced 「符」, which is fú, and the same applies in the annotations below. The character 「断」 in 「断不」 is read as 「丁乱反」, which is duàn, and the same applies in the annotations below. The character 「契」 in 「契之」 is read as 「苦计反」, which is qì, and the same applies below. The character 「分」 in 「其分」 is read as 「符问反」, which is fèn. The character 「滥」 in 「相滥」 is read as 「力暂反」, which is làn. The character 「争」 in 「争何」 is read as the 「争」 in 「争斗」. The character 「和」 in 「阴和」 is read as 「胡卧反」, which is hè. The character 「逋」 in 「而逋」 is read as 「补吴反」, which is bū; Xu Miào reads it as 「方吴反」.

眚（生領反，子夏傳云妖祥曰眚馬云災也，鄭云過也）。下物（遐嫁反）。竄（七亂反，徐又七外反逃也）。掇（徐都活反文云拾取也，鄭本作惙陟劣反憂也）。忤也（五故反）。復即（音服後同者更不音）。渝（以朱反，變也，馬同鄭云然也）。不邪（似嗟反）。錫（星曆反，又星自反賜也）。鞶（歩乾反，馬云大也，徐云王肅作盤）。（音帶亦作帶）。終朝（馬云旦至食時為終朝）。三（息暫反，注同或如字）。褫（徐敕紙反又直是反，本又作音同王肅云解也，鄭本作拕徒可反）。

The character 「眚」is annotated as 「生领反」, a phonetic annotation indicating the pronunciation is shěng. 《Zixia's Commentary on the Changes》says that妖祥 is called 眚, while Ma Rong explains it as 灾 and Zheng Xuan explains it as 过失. The character 「下」in 「下物」is annotated as 「遐嫁反」, which is read as xià. 「窜」is annotated as 「七乱反」, read as cuàn; Xu Mi also reads it as 「七外反」, explaining it as 逃. The character 「掇」is read by Xu Mi as 「都活反」, i.e., duō; 《Shuo Wen Jie Zi》explains it as 拾取; Zheng Xuan's version is 「惙」, read as 「陟劣反」, i.e., chuò, explaining it as 忧. The character 「忤」in 「忤也」is annotated as 「五故反」, read as wù. The character 「复」in 「复即」is pronounced as 「服」, read as fù, and the same pronunciation is used in later texts without further annotation. The character 「渝」is annotated as 「以朱反」, read as yú, explained as 变; Ma Rong agrees, while Zheng Xuan explains it as 「然」. The character 「邪」in 「不邪」is annotated as 「似嗟反」, read as xié. The character 「锡」is annotated as 「星历反」, read as xī, and also read as 「星自反」, explained as 赐. The character 「鞶」is annotated as 「歩干反」, read as pán; Ma Rong explains it as 大; Xu Mi says Wang Su's version is 「盘」. The next character's head is missing, annotated as 「音带」, and the character is also written as 「带」, read as dài. 「终朝」is explained by Ma Rong as from dawn to breakfast time. The character 「三」is annotated as 「息暂反」, read as sàn, the annotation is the same, and it can also be read as the original character. The character 「褫」is read by Xu Mi as 「敕纸反」, i.e., chǐ, and also as 「直是反」; some versions have a variant character with the same pronunciation; Wang Su explains it as 解; Zheng Xuan's version is 「拕」, read as 「徒可反」, i.e., tuǒ.

師（云眾也，馬云二千五百人為師坎宮歸魂卦）。貞丈人（絶句丈人嚴莊之稱鄭云能以法度長於人）。之稱（尺證反）。以王（如字物歸往也，徐又往況反）。毒（徒篤反，役也，馬云治也）。畜眾（敕六反，聚也，王肅許六反養也）。否（音鄙惡也，注同馬鄭王肅方有反）。臧（作郎反，善也）。三錫（星曆反，徐音賜鄭本作賜）。天寵（如字鄭云光耀也，王肅作龍云寵也）。背髙（音佩）。有禽（徐本作擒）。長子（丁丈反，注及下同）。軍帥（色類反）。

"The hexagram 'Military' (师) is described in the hexagram statement as 'a multitude.' Ma Rong says that two thousand five hundred people make up a military unit. This hexagram is a returning soul hexagram of the Water trigram. 'Zhen Zhangren' is taken as a phrase, with 'Zhangren' being a respectful term for someone solemn and upright. Zheng Xuan explains that 'Zhangren' refers to someone who can govern people according to laws and regulations. The character 'cheng' in 'zhi cheng' is pronounced with a reverse phonetic annotation 'chi zheng fan,' which is read as chèng. The character 'wang' in 'yi wang' is read as the original character, meaning to lead all things; Xu Miao reads it as 'wang kuang fan,' which is wàng. The character 'du' is annotated as 'tu du fan,' read as dú, meaning to serve or be used. Ma Rong explains it as 'to govern.' The character 'xu' in 'xu zhong' is pronounced 'chi liu fan,' read as chù, meaning to gather; Wang Su reads it as 'xu liu fan,' which is xù, meaning to nurture. The character 'pu' is pronounced 'bi,' meaning evil; the annotation is the same. Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, and Wang Su read it as 'fang you fan,' which is fǒu. The character 'zang' is annotated as 'zuo lang fan,' read as zāng, meaning good. The character 'xi' in 'san xi' is pronounced 'xing li fan,' read as xī; Xu Miao pronounces it as 'ci,' and Zheng Xuan's version directly uses 'ci.' The character 'chong' in 'tian chong' is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan explains it as 'glory,' while Wang Su's version uses 'long,' explaining that 'long' means 'favor.' The character 'bei' in 'bei gao' is pronounced 'pei,' read as bèi. The character 'qin' in 'you qin' is in Xu Miao's version as 'qin.' The character 'chang' in 'chang zi' is pronounced 'ding zhang fan,' read as zhǎng, with the annotation and following text the same. The character 'shuai' in 'jun shuai' is pronounced 'se lue fan,' read as shuài."

比（毗志反，卦內並同云輔也，序卦云比比也，子夏傳云地得水而柔水得地而流故曰比徐又補履反坤宮歸魂卦）。凶邪（似嗟反）。求有（本亦作求得）。其炎（於廉反）。缶（方有反，瓦器也，鄭云汲器也，爾雅云盎謂之缶）。有它（敕多反，本亦作他）。匪人（非反，馬云匪非也，王肅本作匪人凶）。三驅（匡愚反，徐云鄭作驅馬云三驅者一曰乾豆二曰賓客三曰君庖）。狹矣（戶夾反）。則舎（音赦又音舍）。背己（音佩）。則射（食亦反）。惡而（烏路反）。舎逆（音舍）。

The annotation 「比」 is given as 「毗志反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation. It combines the initial sound of 「毗」 with the rhyme and tone of 「志」, resulting in the pronunciation bì. All terms within the hexagram are pronounced in the same way, and the hexagram statement explains 「比」 as assistance. The 「Sequence of Hexagrams」 states that 「比」 means to be close and attached. Zixia's Commentary on the Changes says that earth receives water and becomes moist and soft, while water receives earth and flows, hence the term 「比」. Xu Miao also reads it as 「补履反」. This hexagram is a returning soul hexagram of the Earth hexagram. The character 「邪」 in 「凶邪」 is annotated as 「似嗟反」, which is pronounced xié. The phrase 「求有」 is sometimes written as 「求得」 in other versions. The character 「炎」 in 「其炎」 is annotated as 「于廉反」, pronounced yán. The character 「缶」 is annotated as 「方有反」, pronounced fǒu, referring to a type of pottery vessel; Zheng Xuan says it is a vessel for drawing water; the 「Er Ya」 says that 「盎」 is called 「缶」. The character 「它」 in 「有它」 is annotated as 「敕多反」, pronounced tā; some versions read it as 「他」. The character 「匪」 in 「匪人」 is annotated as 「非反」, with the initial character of the reverse-sound annotation missing; Ma Rong says 「匪」 means 「非」; Wang Su's version reads 「匪人凶」. The character 「驱」 in 「三驱」 is annotated as 「匡愚反」, pronounced qū; Xu Miao says Zheng Xuan's version reads 「驱」; Ma Rong explains the use of three types of driving: one for the ritual offering of dried meat and millet, another for feasting guests, and the third for filling the royal kitchen. The character 「狭」 in 「狭矣」 is annotated as 「户夹反」, pronounced xiá. The character 「舎」 in 「则舎」 is pronounced 「赦」, or 「舍」. The character 「背」 in 「背己」 is pronounced 「佩」, read as bèi. The character 「射」 in 「则射」 is annotated as 「食亦反」, pronounced shè. The character 「恶」 in 「恶而」 is annotated as 「乌路反」, pronounced wù. The character 「舎」 in 「舎逆」 is pronounced 「舍」.

小畜（本又作蓄同敕六反積也，聚也，卦內皆同鄭許六反養也，巽宮一世卦）。施未（始豉反，注皆同）。陽上（時掌反）。蒸（職膺反）。車說（吐活反，下文並注並同文云解也）。輻也（音福）。雖復（扶又反，上九注同）。輿（音餘）。輻（音福，本亦作輹音服馬云車下縛也，鄭云伏菟）。陰長（丁丈反，下同）。血（如字馬云當作恤憂也）。去（起呂反，注同）。亦惡（烏路反，履卦同）。攣（力專反，馬云連也，徐又力轉反子夏傳作戀云思也）。幾（徐音祈又音機注同子夏傳作近）。唯泰也則然（一本作然則讀即以也，字絶句）。有難（乃旦反）。可盡（津忍反）。

The character "畜" in "小畜" is sometimes written as "蓄," both pronounced "chì liù fǎn," which is a reverse-sound annotation meaning "chù," meaning accumulation or gathering; the meaning within the hexagram is consistent. Zheng Xuan pronounces it "xǔ liù fǎn," meaning "xù," which refers to nurturing. This hexagram is the first in the Xun palace. The character "施" in "施未" is pronounced "shì," as indicated by "shǐ chǐ fǎn," and the annotations are consistent. The character "上" in "阳上" is pronounced "shǎng," as indicated by "shí zhǎng fǎn." The character "蒸" is annotated as "zhēng," as indicated by "zhí yīng fǎn." The character "说" in "车说" is pronounced "tuō," as indicated by "tǔ huó fǎn," meaning "to remove," and is the same in the following text and annotations. The character "辐" is pronounced "fú," as indicated by "fú fú fǎn." The character "复" in "虽复" is pronounced "fù," as indicated by "fú yòu fǎn," and the annotation for the upper nine is the same. The character "舆" is pronounced "yú," as indicated by "yú yú fǎn." The character "辐" is pronounced "fú," as indicated by "fú fú fǎn," while some versions write it as "輹," pronounced "fú," which is the wooden binding under the carriage, according to Ma Rong, and Zheng Xuan says it refers to "fu tu." The character "长" in "阴长" is pronounced "zhǎng," as indicated by "dīng zhàng fǎn," and the following text is consistent. The character "血" is read as is; Ma Rong says it should be "恤," meaning sorrow. The character "去" is annotated as "qù," as indicated by "qǐ lǚ fǎn," and the annotations are consistent. The character "恶" in "亦恶" is pronounced "wù," as indicated by "wū lù fǎn," and is the same as in the "Lǚ" hexagram. The character "挛" is annotated as "luán," as indicated by "lì zhuān fǎn," and Ma Rong explains it as "lián"; Xu Miao pronounces it "lì zhuǎn fǎn"; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" writes it as "liàn," meaning thought. The character "几" is pronounced "qí" by Xu Miao, and also "jī," as indicated by the annotations; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" writes it as "jìn." The phrase "唯泰也则然" is written in another version as "然则," and when read, the "也" character is used to separate the sentence. The character "难" in "有难" is pronounced "nàn," as indicated by "nǎi dàn fǎn." The character "尽" in "可尽" is pronounced "jǐn," as indicated by "jīn rěn fǎn."

履（利恥反，禮也，艮宮五世卦）。咥（直結反，齧也，馬云齕）。而（音恱注及後同）。行夫（音符下同）。佞邪（似嗟反）。疚（久又反，馬云病也，陸本作疾）。坦坦（吐但反，文云安也，廣雅云平也，明也，蒼頡篇云著也）。不憙（虛備反，又音喜）。險厄（於革反，又作戹）。眇（妙小反，字書云盲也，文云小目）。跛（波我反，足跛也，依字作破）。不修（本又作循）。行未（下孟反）。愬愬（山革反，子夏傳云恐懼貌何休注公羊傳云驚愕也，馬本作虩虩音許逆反云恐懼也，文同廣雅云懼也）。逼近（附近之近）。夬（古快反）。考祥（本亦作詳）。

The annotation for 「履」is 「利耻反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as lǚ, meaning ritual; this hexagram is the fifth generation hexagram of the mountain (Gèn) trigram. The annotation for 「咥」is 「直结反」, read as dié, meaning to bite; Ma Rong interprets it as to gnaw. The first character of the next annotation is missing, and the annotation is 「音恱」, read as yuè, the same as the annotation and subsequent text. The 「夫」in 「行夫」is pronounced 「符」, read as fú, the same in the following text. The 「邪」in 「佞邪」is annotated 「似嗟反」, read as xié. The annotation for 「疚」is 「久又反」, read as jiù; Ma Rong interprets it as illness; Lu Ji's version reads 「疾」. The 「坦」in 「坦坦」is annotated 「吐但反」, read as tǎn; the Shuo Wen Jie Zi explains it as peace, the Guang Ya explains it as level and bright, and the Cang Jie Pian explains it as to be attached. The 「憙」in 「不憙」is annotated 「虚备反」, read as xì, also pronounced 「喜」. The 「厄」in 「险厄」is annotated 「于革反」, read as è, also written as 「戹」. The 「眇」is annotated 「妙小反」, read as miǎo; the character dictionary explains it as blind, and the Shuo Wen Jie Zi says it means small eyes. The 「跛」is annotated 「波我反」, read as bǒ, meaning to limp; according to the character form, it should be 「破」. The 「修」in 「不修」is read in some versions as 「循」. The 「行」in 「行未」is annotated 「下孟反」, read as xìng. The 「愬」in 「愬愬」is annotated 「山革反」, read as sù; the Zixia Commentary on the Changes says it means the appearance of fear, and He Xiu's commentary on the Gongyang Zhuan says it means alarm; Ma Rong's version reads 「虩虩」, pronounced 「许逆反」, that is xì, meaning fear, the Shuo Wen Jie Zi is the same, and the Guang Ya explains it as fear. The 「近」in 「逼近」is read as the 「近」in 「附近」. The 「夬」is annotated 「古快反」, read as guài. The 「祥」in 「考祥」is read in some versions as 「详」.

周易上經泰傳第二泰（如字大通也，鄭云通也，馬云大也，坤宮三世卦）。道長（丁丈反）。財成（音才徐才載反荀作裁）。輔相（息亮反，注同）。以左（音佐注同）。右民（音佑注同左右助也）。拔（蒲八反）。茅（卯交反，鄭音苗）。茹（汝據反，牽引也，鄒湛同王肅音如）。彚（音胃類也，李於反傅氏注云彚古偉字美也，古文作董作夤出也，鄭云勤也）。包（本又作苞必交反下卦同音薄交反）。荒（本亦作㐬音同鄭注禮云穢也，文水廣也，又大也，鄭讀為康云虛也）。

This passage begins with the title of the chapter 「The Zhou Changes (I Ching) Upper Classic, The Book of Great Communication, Second Transmission.」 The character 「泰」 is read as it is written, meaning great communication; Zheng Xuan interprets it as communication, while Ma Rong interprets it as great. This hexagram is the third generation hexagram of the Earthly Trigram. The character 「长」 in 「道长」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「丁丈反」, which is read as zhǎng. The character 「财」 in 「财成」 is pronounced 「才」; Xu Miao reads it as 「才载反」, which is zài; Xun Shuang's version reads it as 「裁」. The character 「相」 in 「辅相」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「息亮反」, which is read as xiàng, and the annotation is the same. The character 「左」 in 「以左」 is pronounced 「佐」, read as zuǒ, and the annotation is the same. The character 「右」 in 「右民」 is pronounced 「佑」, read as yòu, and the annotation is the same; both 「左」 and 「右」 mean auxiliary. The character 「拔」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「蒲八反」, read as bá. The character 「茅」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「卯交反」, read as máo; Zheng Xuan pronounces it as 「苗」. The character 「茹」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「汝据反」, read as rù, meaning to pull or draw; Zou Zhan reads it the same, while Wang Su pronounces it as 「如」. The character 「彚」 is the same as 「彙」, pronounced 「胃」, meaning category; Li Gui has another pronunciation, but the reverse-sound note is missing; Fu's annotation says 「彚」 is an ancient form of 「伟」, meaning beauty; in ancient texts it is written differently, Dong Yu writes it as 「夤」, meaning to emerge; Zheng Xuan interprets it as diligence. The character 「包」 in some versions is written as 「苞」, pronounced 「必交反」 as bāo, and the lower trigram is the same, and it is also pronounced 「薄交反」 as páo. The character 「荒」 in some versions is written as 「㐬」, with the same pronunciation; Zheng Xuan annotates the 「Liji」, interpreting it as filth, the 「Shuowen Jiezi」 says it means wide water surface, and also means great; Zheng Xuan also pronounces it as 「康」, meaning empty.

用馮（音憑注同）。荒穢（於廢反）。不陂（彼偽反，徐甫反傾也，注同又破河反偏也）。象曰無平不陂（一本作無往不復）。篇篇（如字子夏傳作翩翩向本同云輕舉貌古文作偏偏）。以祉（音恥一音勑子反又音止）。女處（本亦作爻處）。盡夫（音符後皆放此以意求之）。隍（音皇城塹也，子夏作堭姚作皇）。所應（如字舊音應對之應）。上承（時掌反）。下施（始豉反）。否道（備鄙反）。

The character "冯" in "用冯" is pronounced "ping" and is read as píng, with the annotation being the same. The character "秽" in "荒秽" is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "于废反", which is read as huì. The character "陂" in "不陂" is annotated with "彼伪反", read as bì; Xu Miou has another reading, with the reverse-slicing having a missing character, and it is explained as meaning "inclined", with the annotation being the same; it is also read as "破河反" which is pō, explained as meaning "biased". The sentence "象曰：无平不陂" is alternatively written as "无往不复" in another version. The term "篇篇" is read as the original characters; in the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" it is written as "翩翩", and the version of Xiang Xiu is the same, explaining it as meaning "light and agile". The ancient text writes it as "偏偏". The character "祉" in "以祉" is pronounced "chi", read as chǐ, with another pronunciation "勑子反", and also "zhi". The term "女处" is written as "爻处" in some versions. The character "夫" in "尽夫" is pronounced "fu", read as fú, and subsequent text follows this example, distinguishing according to the meaning. The character "隍" is pronounced "huang", read as huáng, referring to the moat below a city; in the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" it is written as "堭", and Yao Xin writes it as "皇". The term "所应" is read as the original characters; the old pronunciation reads it as "应对" with the character "应" pronounced as yìng. The character "上" in "上承" is annotated with "时掌反", read as shǎng. The character "施" in "下施" is annotated with "始豉反", read as shì. The character "否" in "否道" is annotated with "备鄙反", read as pǐ.

否（備鄙反，卦內同閉也，塞也，乾宮三世卦）。道長（丁丈反）。闢難（上音避下乃旦反）。入邪（似嗟反）。不諂（勑檢反）。否亨（許庚反）。疇（直留反，鄭作古字）。休否（虛虯反，美也，又許求反息也，注同）。

The character 「否」is annotated as 「备鄙反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation. It combines the initial sound of 「备」with the rhyme and tone of 「鄙」, resulting in the pronunciation pǐ. All characters within the hexagram are pronounced in the same way, and the character is interpreted as meaning closed or blocked. This hexagram belongs to the third generation of the Qian trigram. The character 「长」in 「道长」is annotated as 「丁丈反」, which is pronounced zhǎng. The character 「辟」in 「辟难」is pronounced as 「避」, that is, bì. The character 「难」is annotated as 「乃旦反」, which is pronounced nàn. The character 「邪」in 「入邪」is annotated as 「似嗟反」, which is pronounced xié. The character 「谄」in 「不谄」is annotated as 「勑检反」, which is pronounced chǎn. The character 「亨」in 「否亨」is annotated as 「许庚反」, which is pronounced hēng. The character 「畴」is annotated as 「直留反」, which is pronounced chóu. In Zheng Xuan's version, the ancient character is used. The character 「休」in 「休否」is annotated as 「虚虬反」, which is pronounced xiū, and it is interpreted as meaning beautiful; it is also annotated as 「许求反」, which is pronounced xīu, and it is interpreted as meaning to rest or cease. The annotations in the commentary are consistent.

同人（和同也，離宮歸魂卦）。以邪（似嗟反）。炎上（時掌反）。辯物（如字王肅免反）。繫吝（繫或作繫本作黨繫）。則否（方有反，又備鄙反）。褊（必淺反）。狹（戸夾反）。於莽（莫蕩反，王肅冥黨反鄭云叢木也）。物黨（物或作朋）。所比（毗志反）。所當（如字）。量斯（音良又音亮）。其墉（徐音容鄭作庸）。而效（下敎反）。不克則反反則得吉也（一本作反則得得則吉也）。號（戶羔反）。咷（道刀反，號咷啼呼也）。而逺（萬反）。內爭（爭之爭）。異災（一本作它災）。

The term 「同人」 signifies harmony and unity; this hexagram is a return to the ancestral home hexagram of the Fire trigram. The character 「邪」 in 「以邪」 is pronounced xié, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation 「似嗟反」. The character 「上」 in 「炎上」 is pronounced shǎng, as noted by 「时掌反」. The character 「辩」 in 「辩物」 is read as the original character, while Wang Su proposed an alternative pronunciation, though the reverse-slicing character is missing, and the pronunciation is biàn. The character 「系」 in 「系吝」 is sometimes written as a variant character in other editions, and the original text reads 「党系」. The character 「否」 in 「则否」 is pronounced fǒu, as noted by 「方有反」, and also pǐ, as noted by 「备鄙反」. The character 「褊」 is annotated as 「必浅反」, pronounced biǎn. The character 「狭」 is annotated as 「戸夹反」, pronounced xiá. The character 「莽」 in 「于莽」 is annotated as 「莫荡反」, pronounced mǎng; Wang Su reads it as 「冥党反」; Zheng Xuan says it refers to dense vegetation. The character 「物」 in 「物党」 is sometimes written as 「朋」 in other editions. The character 「比」 in 「所比」 is annotated as 「毗志反」, pronounced bì. The character 「所当」 is read as the original character. The character 「量」 in 「量斯」 is pronounced ‘liáng’, and also ‘liàng’. The character 「墉」 in 「其墉」 is pronounced yōng by Xu Mai; Zheng Xuan’s edition reads it as ‘yōng’. The character 「效」 in 「而效」 is annotated as 「下敎反」, pronounced xiào. The sentence 「不克则反, 反则得 auspicious 也」 is alternatively written as 「反则得, 得则 auspicious 也」. The character 「号」 is annotated as 「户羔反」, pronounced háo. The character 「咷」 is annotated as 「道刀反」, pronounced táo; 「号咷」 means crying and shouting. The character 「逺」 in 「而逺」 is the same as 「远」, annotated as 「万反」, with the reverse-slicing character missing, and the pronunciation is yuàn. The character 「争」 in 「内争」 is read as 「争斗」 (struggle). The term 「异灾」 is alternatively written as 「它灾」 in another edition.

大有（包容豐富之象乾宮歸魂卦）。遏（於葛反，止也，徐又音謁）。休命（虛虯反，美也，徐又許求反）。大車（王肅剛除反蜀才作輿）。不泥（乃計反）。用亨（許庚反，通也，下同眾家並香兩反京云獻也，乾云享宴也，姚云享祀也）。其彭（歩郎反，子夏作旁乾云彭亨驕滿貌王肅云壯也，虞作尪姚云彭旁徐音同）。上近（如字亦附近之近）。下比（毗志反）。至知（音智）。可舎（音舍）。斯數（色助反）。晢（章舌反，王廙作晣同音徐李之世反又作哲字鄭本作遰云讀如明星晢晢陸本作逝虞作折）。何難（依象冝如字一音乃旦反）。易而（以豉反）。佑之（音又）。不累（劣偽反，下同）。盡夫（津忍反）。繫辭（音繫）。

"The Great Possession" takes the image of包容 and abundance; this hexagram is a returning soul hexagram in the Heaven trigram group. "E" is annotated as "Yu Ge Fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as è, meaning to stop; Xu Miao also pronounces it as "Ye." "Xiu Ming" has "Xiu" annotated as "Xu Qiu Fan," read as xiū, meaning beauty; Xu Miao also reads it as "Xu Qiu Fan." "Da Che" has "Che" read by Wang Su as "Gang Chu Fan," i.e., jū; the version by Shu Cai uses "Yu." "Bu Ni" has "Ni" annotated as "Nai Ji Fan," read as nì. "Yong Heng" has "Heng" annotated as "Xu Geng Fan," read as hēng, meaning to be smooth and unimpeded, the same in the following text; all schools read it as "Xiang Liang Fan," i.e., xiǎng, Jing Fang interprets it as "to present," Gan Bao says it means "banquet," Yao Xin says it means "sacrificial offering." "Qi Peng" has "Peng" annotated as "Bu Lang Fan," read as páng; the version of Zixia's Commentary on the Changes uses "Pang"; Gan Bao says "Peng Heng" refers to a proud and self-satisfied appearance, Wang Su interprets it as "strong," Yu Fan's version uses "Wang," Yao Xin says "Peng" is the same as "Pang," Xu Miao reads it the same. "Shang Jin" has "Jin" read as the character itself, or it can be read as "Jin" meaning near. "Xia Bi" has "Bi" annotated as "Pi Zhi Fan," read as bì. "Zhi Zhi" has "Zhi" read as "Zhi," i.e., zhì. "Ke She" has "She" read as "She." "Si Shu" has "Shu" annotated as "Se Zhu Fan," read as shù. "Zhe" is annotated as "Zhang She Fan," read as zhé; Wang Yi's version uses "Zhe," read the same; Xu Miao and Li Gui read it as "Zhi Shi Fan"; it is also written as "Zhe"; Zheng Xuan's version uses "De," saying it is read like "Zhe" in "Ming Xing Zhe Zhe"; Lu Ji's version uses "Shi," Yu Fan uses "Zhe." "He Nan" has "Nan" read as the character itself, suitable according to the meaning of the Image Commentary, another reading is "Nan" as "nàn." "Yi Er" has "Yi" annotated as "Yi Chi Fan," read as yì. "You Zhi" has "You" read as "You," i.e., yòu. "Bu Liu" has "Liu" annotated as "Lie Wei Fan," read as lèi, the same in the following text. "Jin Fu" has "Jin" annotated as "Jin Ren Fan," read as jǐn. "Xi Ci" has "Xi" read as "Xi," i.e., xì.

謙（卑退為義屈己下物也，兊宮五世卦子夏作嗛云嗛謙也）。下濟（節細反）。而上（時掌反，下注上承上行同）。虧盈（馬木作毀盈）。而福（京本作而富）。惡盈（烏路反，卦末注同）。而好（呼報反）。裒（蒲侯反，鄭荀董蜀才作捊云取也，字書作掊廣雅云掊減）。稱物（尺證反）。平施（始豉反，注同）。大難（乃旦反）。自牧（牧養之牧徐音目一音茂）。名者聲名聞之謂也（一讀名者聲絶句聞音問）。匪解（佳賣反）。撝（毀皮反，指撝也，義與麾同書云右秉白旄以麾是也，馬云撝猶離也，鄭讀為宣）。下下（上遐嫁反下如字下句同）。用侵（王廙作寢）。徵國（本或作征邑國者非）。不與（音預）。為爭（爭之爭）。

"The hexagram 'Qian' means to be humble and retreat; it refers to subduing oneself and showing respect to others. This hexagram is the fifth generation in the Dui palace. Zixia's Commentary on the Changes writes 'qian,' explaining that 'qian' means humility. The 'ji' in 'xia ji' is annotated with a reverse-sound note 'jie' which is read as jì. The 'shang' in 'er shang' is annotated with 'shizhang' which is read as shǎng; the same pronunciation applies to 'shang cheng' and 'shang xing' later in the text. 'Kuiying' is written as 'huiyin' in Ma Rong's version. 'Er fu' is written as 'er fu' in Jing Fang's version. The 'wu' in 'wu ying' is annotated with 'wulü' which is read as wù, the same as in the concluding annotations. The 'hao' in 'er hao' is annotated with 'hubao' which is read as hào. 'Pou' is annotated with 'puhou' which is read as póu; Zheng Xuan, Xun Shuang, Dong Yu, and Shu Cai's versions write it as 'pu,' meaning to take; the character is also written as 'pu' in dictionaries. 'Chengwu' in 'chengwu' is annotated with 'chizheng' which is read as chèng. 'Pingshi' in 'pingshi' is annotated with 'shishi' which is read as shì, the same as in the annotations. 'Dannan' in 'dannan' is annotated with 'nian dan' which is read as nàn. The 'mu' in 'zimu' is read as 'mu' in 'muyang'; Xu Miao pronounces it as 'mu,' another pronunciation is 'mao.' The sentence 'ming zhe, shengming wen zhi wei ye' can be read with a different pause at 'ming zhe sheng,' where 'wen' is pronounced as 'wen.' The 'jie' in 'fei jie' is annotated with 'jiamai' which is read as xiè, meaning slackness. 'Hui' is annotated with 'huipi' which is read as huī, meaning to command, same as 'hui'; the Book of Documents says 'you bing bai mao yi hui' uses this meaning; Ma Rong says 'hui' is like 'li,' Zheng Xuan reads it as 'xuan.' The two characters 'xiaxia,' the first is read as 'xiajia' which is xià, the second is read as is; the same applies in the next sentence. 'Yongqin' in 'yongqin' is written as 'qin' in Wang Yi's version. 'Zhenguo' in 'zhenguo' is written as 'zhengyiguo' in some versions, which is incorrect. The 'yu' in 'bu yu' is pronounced as 'yu,' read as yù. The 'zheng' in 'wei zheng' is read as 'zhengdu' meaning 'zheng.'"

豫（餘慮反，恱豫也，備豫也，馬云豫樂震宮一世卦）。不忒（他得反，鄭云差也，京作貸）。地奮（方問反）。殷（於勤反，馬云盛也，文云作樂之盛稱殷京作隱）。薦（將電反，本又作同，本或作獸名耳非）。介於（音界纎介古文作砎鄭古八反云謂磨砎也，馬作扴云觸小石聲）。苟（音恱）。盱（香於反，睢盱也，向云睢盱小人喜恱之貌王肅云盱大也，鄭云誇也，文云張目也，字林火反又火於反子夏作紆京作汙姚作旴云日始出引詩旴日始旦）。

The character 「豫」is annotated as 「余虑反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation. It combines the initial sound of 「余」with the rhyme and tone of 「虑」, pronounced as yù. It is explained as meaning joy or pleasure, and also as preparation. Ma Rong says 「豫」means security and happiness. This hexagram is the first in the Zhen (Thunder) group of the Zhen Palace. The character 「忒」in 「不忒」is annotated as 「他得反」, pronounced as tè. Zheng Xuan explains it as a mistake or error, while Jing Fang's version reads 「贷」. The character 「奋」in 「地奋」is annotated as 「方问反」, pronounced as fèn. 「殷」is annotated as 「于勤反」, pronounced as yīn. Ma Rong explains it as flourishing, and the Shuowen Jiezi says that the flourishing of music is called 「殷」, while Jing Fang's version reads 「隐」. The character 「荐」is annotated as 「将电反」, pronounced as jiàn. Some versions use a variant character with the same pronunciation, while others mistakenly interpret it as the name of an animal. The character 「介」in 「介于」is pronounced as 「界」, referring to something fine or minute. In ancient texts it is written as 「砎」, and Zheng Xuan pronounces it as 「古八反」, explaining it as grinding. Ma Rong's version reads 「扴」, explaining it as the sound of touching a small stone. The character 「苟」is annotated as 「音恱」, pronounced as yuè. The character 「盱」is annotated as 「香于反」, pronounced as xū, which is the same as 「睢盱」. Xiang Xiu says 「睢盱」describes the appearance of a petty person being joyful. Wang Su explains 「盱」as large, Zheng Xuan explains it as boasting, and the Shuowen Jiezi says it means opening the eyes wide. The Zilin dictionary has two pronunciations for 「盱」, both with the first character of the reverse-sound annotation being 「火」, one reading is 「火于反」. The Zixia Commentary on the Changes reads it as 「纡」, Jing Fang reads it as 「污」, Yao Xin reads it as 「旴」, explaining it as the beginning of the sun's rise, and cites the Shijing saying 「旴日始旦」as evidence.

睢（香維反，文云仰目也，字林火佳反）。由豫（由從也，鄭云用也，馬作猶云猶豫疑也）。盍（胡臘反，合也）。簪（徐側林反子夏傳同疾也，鄭云速也，埤蒼同王肅又祖感反古文作貸京作撍馬作臧荀作宗虞作戠戠叢合也，蜀才本依京義從鄭）。冥（覓經反，馬云冥昧耽於樂也，王廙云深也，又亡定反鄭讀為鳴）。有渝（羊朱反）。盡（津忍反）。樂（音洛）。

The character "睢" is annotated as "xiang wei fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as suī; the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" says it means to look up, and the "Zi Lin" reads it as "huo jia fan." "由豫" has "由" interpreted as "from"; Zheng Xuan interprets it as "use"; the version by Ma Rong reads "you," explaining "yuyu" as hesitation. "盍" is annotated as "hu la fan," read as he, meaning to combine. The character "簪" is read by Xu Miao as "ce lin fan," that is zān, same as in the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes," meaning rapid; Zheng Xuan interprets it as fast, same as in the "Bi Cang"; Wang Su reads it as "zu gan fan"; the ancient text reads it as "dai," Jing Fang reads it as "wen," Ma Rong reads it as "zang," Xun Shuang reads it as "zong," Yu Fan reads it as "yi," explaining "yi" as gathering; the version by Shu Cai follows Jing Fang but explains it according to Zheng Xuan. "冥" is annotated as "mi jing fan," read as ming; Ma Rong explains it as being dull and indulging in pleasures, Wang Yi interprets it as deep; it is also read as "wang ding fan," that is ming, and Zheng Xuan reads it as "ming." The character "渝" in "有渝" is read as "yang zhu fan," that is yú. "尽" is annotated as "jin ren fan," read as jǐn. The character "乐" is read as "luo," that is lè.

隨（從也，震宮歸魂卦）。而下（遐嫁反，注下柔同）。而（音恱注下皆同）。大亨貞（本又作大亨利貞）。而天下隨時（王肅本作隨之）。隨時之義（王肅本作隨之時義）。而令（力呈反）。否之（備鄙反）。以向（本又作向許亮反王肅本作郷音同）。入宴（徐烏練反王肅烏顯反）。官有（蜀才作館有）。故舎（音舍下文同）。以擅（市戰反）。盡隨（津忍反，盡卷末同）。位正中也（一本作中正）。拘（句於反）。用亨（許庚反，通也，陸許兩反云祭也）。之濵（音賓）。

"Suí" is interpreted as "from"; this hexagram is a returning soul hexagram of the Zhen (Thunder) trigram. The "down" in "ér xià" is annotated with a reverse-sound annotation "xiá jià fǎn," which is read as xià, and the annotation "xià róu" is the same. The first character of the next line is missing; the annotation says "yīn yuè," which is read as yuè, and the annotation and following text are the same. The phrase "dà gēng zhēn" is sometimes written as "dà gēng lì zhēn" in other versions. In Wang Su's version, "ér tiān xià suí shí" is written as "suí zhī." In Wang Su's version, "suí shí zhī yì" is written as "suí zhī shí yì." The "ling" in "ér ling" is annotated with "lì chéng fǎn," which is read as líng. The "pǐ" in "fǒu zhī" is annotated with "bèi bǐ fǎn," which is read as pǐ. The "xiàng" in "yǐ xiàng" is written as a variant character in some versions, read as "xǔ liàng fǎn," i.e., xiàng; in Wang Su's version, it is written as "xiāng," with the same pronunciation. The "yàn" in "rù yàn" is read as "wū liàn fǎn," i.e., yàn, by Xu Miao, and as "wū xiǎn fǎn" by Wang Su. In the version by Shu Cai, "guān yǒu" is written as "guǎn yǒu." The "shě" in "gù shě" is pronounced "shě," and the same applies to the following text. The "shàn" in "yǐ shàn" is annotated with "shì zhàn fǎn," which is read as shàn. The "jìn" in "jìn suí" is annotated with "jīn rěn fǎn," which is read as jǐn, and the same "jìn" at the end of the scroll is also read this way. In another version, "wèi zhèng zhōng yě" is written as "zhōng zhèng." The "jū" is annotated with "gōu yú fǎn," which is read as jū. The "hēng" in "yòng gēng" is annotated with "xǔ gēng fǎn," which is read as hēng, meaning "to pass through"; Lu Ji reads it as "xǔ liǎng fǎn," i.e., xiǎng, saying it refers to worship. The "bīn" in "zhī bīn" is pronounced "bīn," read as bīn.

蠱（音古事也，惑也，亂也，左傳云於文皿蟲為蠱又云女惑男風落山謂之蠱徐又姬祖反一音故巽宮歸魂卦）。先甲（息薦反，並注同）。後甲（胡豆反，並注同）。以斷（丁亂反）。施令（力政反，下同）。競爭（爭之爭）。治也（直吏反，注同）。隨（音恱）。創制（初亮反，此俗字也，依字作剏）。復始（扶又反）。以振（舊之愼反濟也，師讀音眞振振仁厚也）。育德（王肅作毓古育字）。有子考無咎（絶句周依馬王肅以考絶句）。當事（丁堂反）。盡承（津忍反，下皆同）。裕父（羊樹反，馬云寛也）。不累（劣偽反）。

The character "蛊" is pronounced "gǔ" and means "affair," "deception," or "chaos." The "Zuo Zhuan" explains that the character's meaning comes from the image of a worm in a vessel, and it also refers to a woman deceiving a man or wind causing trees to fall from a mountain. Xu Miao also pronounces it "ji zǔ fǎn," which is another pronunciation "gù." This hexagram is a returning soul hexagram of the Xun trigram. "Xian Jia" (preceding Jia) has "xian" pronounced "xiàn" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation, and the note is the same. "Hou Jia" (following Jia) has "hou" pronounced "hòu" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation, and the note is the same. "Yi Duàn" (to cut off) has "duàn" pronounced "duàn." "Shi Ling" (to issue orders) has "ling" pronounced "lìng," which is the same in the following text. "Jing Zheng" (to compete) has "zheng" pronounced "zhēng," as in "zhēng dòu" (struggle). "Zhi Ye" (to govern) has "zhi" pronounced "zhì," and the note is the same. "Sui" (to follow) is annotated as "yuè," pronounced "yuè." "Chuang Zhi" (to create a system) has "chuang" pronounced "chuàng," and "chuang" is a vulgar character; according to the character's form, it should be "chuàng." "Fu Shi" (to renew the beginning) has "fu" pronounced "fù." "Yi Zhen" (to shake up) has "zhen" pronounced "zhèn," an old pronunciation "zhèn," meaning "to relieve"; the pronunciation "zhen" is "zhēn," and "zhen zhen" describes a kind and generous appearance. "Yu De" (to cultivate virtue) is written as "yu" in Wang Su's version, which is an ancient form of "yu." The sentence "you zi kao wu jiao" is broken at this point; Zhou Hongzheng follows Ma Rong and Wang Su in breaking the sentence at "kao." "Dang Shi" (to be in charge) has "dang" pronounced "dāng." "Jin Cheng" (to fully accept) has "jin" pronounced "jǐn," and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. "Yu Fu" (to be generous to the father) has "yu" pronounced "yù," and Ma Rong explains it as "wide." "Bu Liu" (not to be burdened) has "liu" pronounced "lèi."

臨（如字序卦云大也，坤宮二世卦）。剛浸（子鴆反）。而長（丁丈反，除六三注末及象咎不長皆同一音此治良反）。而（音恱下同）。敎思（息吏反，注同）。無疆（居良反，注同）。剛勝（升證反，下同）。佞邪（似嗟反，下同）。媚（密備反）。位當也（本或作當位實非也）。知臨（音智注同又如字）。

The term 「临」 is read as in the original character; the 「Xugua Zhuan」 explains it as meaning 'great'. This hexagram is the second generation hexagram of the Earth hexagram. The character 「浸」 in 「刚浸」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「子鸩反」, which is read as jìn. The character 「长」 in 「而长」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「丁丈反」, which is read as zhǎng; except for the note at the end of the annotation for line six and the 「Xiang Zhuan」 entry 「咎不长」, all other instances are read this way. Another pronunciation is 「治良反」, which is read as cháng. The first character of the next entry is missing, and the note says 「音恱」, which is read as yuè, and the same pronunciation is used below. The character 「思」 in 「敎思」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「息吏反」, which is read as sì. The character 「疆」 in 「无疆」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「居良反」, which is read as jiāng, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotations. The character 「胜」 in 「刚胜」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「升证反」, which is read as shèng, and the same pronunciation is used below. The character 「邪」 in 「佞邪」 is annotated with a reverse-sound note 「似嗟反」, which is read as xié, and the same pronunciation is used below. The character 「媚」 is annotated with 「密备反」, which is read as mèi. The phrase 「位当也」, some versions read it as 「当位」, but this is actually incorrect. The character 「知」 in 「知临」 is pronounced like 「智」, read as zhì, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotations; it can also be read as the original character.

觀（官喚反，示也，乾宮四世卦）。盥（音管）。而不薦（王又作同箋練反王肅本作而觀薦）。顒（魚恭反）。足復（扶又反）。旣灌（官喚反）。不忒（吐得反）。神道設敎（一本作以神道設敎）。省方（悉井反）。童觀（馬云童猶獨也，鄭云稚也）。最逺（萬反）。朝美（直遙反）。所鑑（古暫反，下同）。趣（促裕反）。窺（苦規反，本亦作窺）。者狹（戶夾反）。象曰窺觀女貞（一本有利字）。

"Guān" is annotated as "guān huàn fǎn", which is a reverse-sound annotation combining the initial sound of "guān" with the final sound and tone of "huàn", resulting in the pronunciation guàn, meaning to display; this hexagram is the fourth generation hexagram of the Qian trigram. "Guàn" is pronounced "guàn". "Jian" in "ér bù jiàn" is annotated as "jiān liàn fǎn" in Wang Bi's version, meaning jiàn; in Wang Su's version, it is "ér guān jiàn". "Yong" is annotated as "yú gōng fǎn", pronounced yóng. "Fu" in "zú fù" is annotated as "fú yòu fǎn", pronounced fù. "Guàn" in "jì guàn" is annotated as "guān huàn fǎn", pronounced guàn. "Te" in "bù tè" is annotated as "tǔ dé fǎn", pronounced tè. "Shen dao she jiao" is alternatively written as "yi shen dao she jiao". "Xingfang" is annotated as "xī jǐng fǎn", pronounced xǐng. "Tong guan" is annotated as "huāng" by Ma Rong, meaning alone, and Zheng Xuan interprets it as childish. "Zuì yuǎn" is "yuǎn", annotated as "wàn fǎn", with the first character of the reverse-sound annotation missing, and the pronunciation is yuàn. "Chao mei" is annotated as "zhí yáo fǎn", pronounced cháo. "Jian" in "suo jian" is annotated as "gǔ zàn fǎn", pronounced jiàn, same as below. "Qu" is annotated as "cù yù fǎn", pronounced qù. "Kui" is annotated as "kǔ guī fǎn", pronounced kuī, with some versions using a variant character. "Xia" in "zhe xia" is annotated as "hù jiā fǎn", pronounced xiá. The phrase "xiàng yue: kui guan, nu zhen" is alternatively found with the character "li" in another version.

不比（毗志反）。觀國之光（如字或音官喚反）。最近（附近之近）。居近（如字）。德見（賢遍反）。平易（以豉反）。盡夫觀盛故觀至大觀在上（王肅音官）。以觀天下（徐唯此一字作官音）。觀盥而不薦觀之為道而以觀感風行地上觀處於觀時君子處大觀之時處大觀之時大觀廣鑑（亦音官）。居觀之時為觀之主觀之盛也（從盡夫觀以下並官喚反餘不出者並音官）。

The character 「比」 in 「不比」 is pronounced “bì” as indicated by the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「毗志反」. The character 「观」 in 「观国之光」 is read as the original character 「观」, or alternatively pronounced “guàn” as indicated by 「官唤反」. The character 「近」 in 「最近」 is read as in 「附近」, i. e., “jìn”. The character 「近」 in 「居近」 is read as the original character. The character 「见」 in 「德见」 is pronounced “xiàn” as indicated by 「贤遍反」. The character 「易」 in 「平易」 is pronounced “yì” as indicated by 「以豉反」. Below is a discussion of the pronunciation of the character 「观」 in Wang Bi’s annotations: In the sentences 「尽夫观盛」, 「故观至大」, and 「观在上」, Wang Su read 「观」 as the level tone “guān”. In the sentence 「以观天下」, Xu Miao only read this instance as the level tone “guān”. In the sentences 「观盥而不荐」, 「观之为道」, 「而以观感」, 「风行地上观」, 「处于观时」, 「君子处大观之时」, 「处大观之时」, and 「大观广鉴」, 「观」 is also read as the level tone “guān”. The same applies to the sentences 「居观之时」, 「为观之主」, and 「观之盛也」. In summary, from the sentence 「尽夫观」 onwards, all the instances cited in the text are read as “guàn” with a falling tone, as per the Lu shi (clan name) version. All other instances of 「观」 not listed here are generally read as the level tone “guān”.

周易上經噬嗑傳第三噬（市制反，齧也）。嗑（胡臘反，合也，巽宮五世卦）。齧（研節反）。有閒（如字下同又音間廁之閒）。與過（一本作有過）。頤（以之反）。不合（本又作而合）。不溷（胡困反，濁也，雜也，亂也，韋昭云汙辱也）。上行（時掌反，注同）。勑法（恥力反，此俗字也，字林作勅鄭云勑猶理也，一云整也）。屨（紀具反）。校（爻敎反，注及下同馬音敎）。滅止（本亦作趾趾足也）。桎（章實反）。足懲（直冰反）。木絞（交卯反）。械（口戒反）。

This passage begins with the title of the chapter "The Zhou Changes Upper Classic: The Sixth Hexagram,噬嗑, Transmission Third." The character "噬" is annotated as "shì," using the reverse-sound method, and is explained as meaning to bite. "嗑" is annotated as "hé," also using the reverse-sound method, and is explained as meaning to join or come together; this hexagram is the fifth generation in the Xun palace. "啮" is annotated as "niè," also using the reverse-sound method. The character "闲" in "有闲" is read as it is written, and the same applies below; it also reads "jiàn," meaning between or in between. "与过" is alternatively written as "有过" in another version. "颐" is annotated as "yí," using the reverse-sound method. "不合" is written as "而合" in some versions. The character "溷" in "不溷" is annotated as "hùn," using the reverse-sound method, and is explained as meaning dirty, mixed, or confused; Wei Zhao says it means to insult. The character "上" in "上行" is annotated as "shǎng," using the reverse-sound method. "勑法" is annotated as "chì," using the reverse-sound method; "勑" is a vulgar character, and in the "Zi Lin" it is written as "勅"; Zheng Xuan says "勑" is like "理," meaning to manage or to regulate. "屦" is annotated as "jù," using the reverse-sound method. "校" is annotated as "jiào," using the reverse-sound method, and the annotation and following text are the same; Ma Rong pronounces it as "jiāo." The character "止" in "灭止" is written as "趾" in some versions, and "趾" means foot. "桎" is annotated as "zhì," using the reverse-sound method. The character "惩" in "足惩" is annotated as "chéng," using the reverse-sound method. The character "绞" in "木绞" is annotated as "jiǎo," using the reverse-sound method. "械" is annotated as "xiè," using the reverse-sound method.

不行也（或本作止不行也）。噬膚（方於反，馬云柔脃肥美曰膚）。未盡（津忍反，下同）。其分（扶問反）。脃（七歳反）。臘肉（音昔馬云晞於陽而煬於火曰臘肉鄭注周禮小物全乾曰臘）。乾（音乾）。胏（緇美反，馬云有骨謂之肺鄭云簀也，字林云含食所遺也，一曰脯也，子夏作脯徐音甫荀董同）。未光大也（本亦無大字）。何校（何可反，又音何，本亦作荷音同下同王肅云荷擔）。聦不明也（馬云耳無所聞鄭云目不明耳不聦王肅云言其聦之不明）。可解（佳買反）。

"The phrase 'not going' is sometimes written as 'stop not going' in other versions. 'Fū' in '噬肤' is a phonetic annotation with reverse sound, read as fū; Ma Rong says that soft, tender, and delicious meat is called 'fū'. 'Jǐn' in '未尽' is read as jǐn, with the same pronunciation in the following text. 'Fèn' in '其分' is read as fèn, with the annotation 'fú wèn fǎn'. 'Cù' is annotated as 'qī suì fǎn', read as cuì, which means 'fragile'. 'Là' in '腊肉' is pronounced 'xī'; Ma Rong says that meat dried in the sun and roasted over fire is called 'là'; Zheng Xuan's commentary on the 'Rites of Zhou' says that small pieces of meat that are air-dried whole are called 'là'. 'Gān' in '干' is read as gān. 'Zǐ' in '胏' is read as zǐ, with the annotation 'zī měi fǎn'; Ma Rong says that meat with bone is called '胏'; Zheng Xuan says it refers to a bamboo mat; the 'Zilin' says it refers to food left in the mouth; another interpretation says it refers to dried meat; the 'Zixia Commentary on the Changes' says 'pú'; Xu Miao pronounces it as 'fǔ'; Xun Shuang and Dong Yu agree. The phrase 'not shining and great' sometimes lacks the character 'great' in other versions. 'He' in '何校' is read as hè, with another pronunciation 'he'; some versions read it as 'he', with the same pronunciation in the following text; Wang Su says it means 'to bear a burden'. The phrase 'not intelligent' is interpreted by Ma Rong as 'not hearing anything'; Zheng Xuan says it refers to 'not seeing clearly and not hearing well'; Wang Su says it refers to 'not hearing or seeing clearly'. 'Jiě' in '可解' is read as jiě, with the annotation 'jiā mǎi fǎn'.

賁（彼偽反，徐甫反李府瓫反傅氏云賁古字文章貌鄭云變也，文飾之貌王肅符文反云有文飾黃白色艮宮一世卦）。剛上（時掌反，注剛上皆同）。解天（音蟹下同）。以明（蜀才本作命）。折（之舌反，注同鄭云斷也，斷音丁亂反）。其趾（一本作止鄭云趾足）。舎（音舍下及注同）。車（音居鄭張本作輿從漢時始有居音）。安夫（音符）。其須（如字字從彡水邊作非）。而比（毗志反，下同）。上附（時掌反）。循（似遵反）。

The character 「贲」is annotated as 「彼伪反」, which is a reverse-sound phonetic annotation, pronounced as bì; Xu Miào has another reading, but the reverse-sound annotation is missing some text; Li Gui reads it as 「府瓫反」; Fu's school says 「贲」is an ancient character, meaning the appearance of elegance; Zheng Xuan explains it as change, saying it refers to the appearance of ornamentation; Wang Su reads it as 「符文反」, which is fén, meaning having ornamentation and a yellow-white color; this hexagram is the first hexagram of the Gen palace. The 「上」in 「刚上」is read as 「时掌反」, pronounced as shǎng, and all instances of 「刚上」in the annotation are the same. The 「解」in 「解天」is pronounced as 「蟹」, read as xiè, and the same applies below. 「以明」, in the version by Shu Cai, is written as 「命」. 「折」is annotated as 「之舌反」, read as zhé, and the same applies in the annotation; Zheng Xuan explains it as 「断」, which is pronounced as 「丁乱反」, that is duàn. 「其趾」, another version reads it as 「止」; Zheng Xuan says 「趾」is the foot. 「舎」is pronounced as 「舍」, the same applies below and in the annotation. 「车」is pronounced as 「居」, read as jū; in the versions of Zheng Xuan and Zhang's school, it is written as 「舆」; the pronunciation of 「车」as 「居」began from the Han dynasty. The 「夫」in 「安夫」is pronounced as 「符」, read as fú. 「其须」is read as the original character; this character is composed of 「彡」, and if written with the 「水」radical, it is incorrect. The 「比」in 「而比」is annotated as 「毗志反」, read as bì, and the same applies below. The 「上」in 「上附」is annotated as 「时掌反」, read as shǎng. 「循」is annotated as 「似遵反」, read as xún.

濡（如㬰反）。皤（白波反，文云老人貌董音盤云馬作足橫行曰皤鄭陸作燔音煩荀作波）。翰（尸旦反，董黃雲馬舉頭髙卬也，馬荀云髙也，鄭云白也，亦作寒案反）。媾（古豆反）。而閡（五戴反）。寇難（乃旦反，下同）。賁于丘園（黃本賁作丗）。束帛（子夏傳云五匹為束三二纁象隂陽）。戔戔（在千反，馬云委積貌薛虞云禮之多也，又音箋黃雲猥積貌一云顯見貌子夏傳作殘殘）。有喜（如字徐許意反無妄大畜卦放此）。

"Rú" is annotated as "rú jià fǎn," which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as rú. "Pó" is annotated as "bái bō fǎn," read as pó; the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" says it refers to the appearance of an old man. Dong Yu pronounces it as "pán," saying it refers to a horse's feet moving sideways. Zheng Xuan and Lu Ji's versions read it as "fán," pronounced as "fán." Xun Shuang reads it as "bō." "Hàn" is annotated as "shī dàn fǎn," read as hàn; Dong Yu and Huang Ying say it refers to a horse raising its head high, Ma Rong and Xun Shuang interpret it as high, while Zheng Xuan interprets it as white. There is also a reading of "hán àn fǎn." "Gòu" is annotated as "gǔ dòu fǎn," read as gòu. The character "mài" in "ér mài" is annotated as "wǔ dài fǎn," read as ài. The character "nán" in "kòu nán" is annotated as "nǎi dàn fǎn," read as nàn, and the same applies below. "Bēn yú qiūyuán," in Huang Ying's version, "bēn" is written as "shì." "Shù bó," according to the "Zi Xia Yi Zhuan," refers to five pieces of silk as one bundle, with three pieces of black silk and two pieces of red silk, symbolizing yin and yang. "Jiān jiān" is annotated as "zài qiān fǎn," read as jiān; Ma Rong says it refers to a heap, Xue Yu says it refers to the abundance of etiquette; it is also pronounced as "jiān"; Huang Ying says it refers to a messy heap, and another interpretation says it refers to something clearly visible; the "Zi Xia Yi Zhuan" reads it as "cán cán." The character "xǐ" in "yǒu xǐ" is read as the original character; Xu Miao reads it as "xǔ yì fǎn," i.e., xì, following this example for the hexagrams "Wu Wang" and "Da Xu."

剝（邦角反，云剝剝也，馬云落也，文云裂也，乾宮五世卦）。人長（丁丈反，下注皆同）。激（經歷反）。拂（附弗反）。觸忤（五故反）。以殞（于敏反）。失處（昌呂反，又昌預反）。蔑（莫結反，猶削也，楚俗有削蔑之言馬云無也，鄭云輕慢荀作滅）。猶削（相略反，或作消此從荀本也，下皆然）。辨（徐音辦具之辦足上也，馬鄭同黃雲床簀也，薛虞膝下也，鄭符勉反王肅否勉反）。

The character 「剥」is annotated as 「邦角反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation. It combines the initial sound of 「邦」with the rhyme and tone of 「角」, resulting in the pronunciation bō. The hexagram statement says 「剥」means to peel off. Ma Rong explains it as falling off, and the Shuo Wen Jie Zi explains it as splitting. This hexagram is the fifth generation hexagram of the Qian trigram. The character 「长」in 「人长」is annotated as 「丁丈反」, which is pronounced zhǎng. The same pronunciation is used in the following annotations. The character 「激」is annotated as 「经历反」, pronounced jī. The character 「拂」is annotated as 「附弗反」, pronounced fú. The character 「忤」in 「触忤」is annotated as 「五故反」, pronounced wù. The character 「殒」in 「以殒」is annotated as 「于敏反」, pronounced yǔn. The character 「处」in 「失处」is annotated as 「昌吕反」, pronounced chǔ, and also as 「昌预反」, pronounced chù. The character 「蔑」is annotated as 「莫结反」, pronounced miè, meaning to cut off; in Chu dialect, there is a saying 「削蔑」; Ma Rong explains it as nothing, Zheng Xuan explains it as being disrespectful, and Xun Shuang's version reads 「灭」. The character 「削」in 「犹削」is annotated as 「相略反」, pronounced xuē; some versions read 「消」, but here we follow Xun Shuang's version, and the same applies to the following text. The character 「辨」is read by Xu Miao as 「办具」's 「办」, meaning the upper part of the foot; Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan agree. Huang Ying says it refers to a bed or mat, Xue Yu says it refers to the lower part of the knee; Zheng Xuan reads it as 「符勉反」, while Wang Su reads it as 「否勉反」.

道浸（子鴆反，下同）。稍近（附近之近）。六三剝無咎（一本作剝之無咎非）。以膚（方於反，京作簠謂祭器）。切近（如字徐巨靳反鄭云切急也）。貫魚（古亂反，徐音官穿也）。駢頭（薄田反）。得輿（音餘京作德輿董作德車）。廬（力居反）。覆䕃（於鴆反）。所芘（本又作庇必利反又悲備反）。

The character 「浸」 in 「道浸」 is pronounced jìn, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation 「子鸩反.」 The same pronunciation applies in the following text. The character 「近」 in 「稍近」 is read as in 「附近,」 meaning close. The phrase 「六三剥无咎」 is alternatively written in another version as 「剥之无咎,」 which is incorrect. The character 「肤」 in 「以肤」 is pronounced fū, as indicated by 「方于反.」 In Jing Fang’s version, it is written as 「簠,」 referring to a ritual vessel. The word 「切近」 is read as written; Xu Miao pronounces it 「巨靳反.」 Zheng Xuan explains that 「切」 means urgent. The character 「贯」 in 「贯鱼」 is pronounced guàn, as indicated by 「古乱反.」 Xu Miao pronounces it 「官,」 meaning to pass through. The character 「骈」 in 「骈头」 is pronounced pián, as indicated by 「薄田反.」 The character 「舆」 in 「得舆」 is pronounced yú; in Jing Fang’s version, it is written as 「德舆,」 while Dong Yu writes it as 「德车.」 The character 「庐」 is annotated as 「力居反,」 pronounced lú. The character “䕃” in 「覆䕃」 is pronounced yìn, as indicated by 「于鸩反.」 The character 「芘」 in 「所芘」 is sometimes written as 「庇,」 pronounced 「必利反」 (bì) or 「悲备反.」

復（音服，反也，還也，坤宮一世卦）。朋來（如字京作萠）。反覆（芳福反，劉本同，本又作覆並注反覆皆同）。剛反（絶句）。剛長（丁丈反，下文注皆同）。心見（賢遍反）。具存（本亦作其存）。商旅（鄭云資貨而行曰商旅客也）。無祗（音支辭也，馬同音之是反韓伯祁支反云大也，鄭云病也，王肅作禔時支反陸云禔安也，九家本作㩼字音支）。幾悔（音機下同又音祈）。患難（乃旦反）。逺矣（萬反）。錯之（七故反）。

“The character ‘Fu (Hex 24)’ is pronounced ‘fu’ and is interpreted as ‘reverse’ or ‘return’; this hexagram is the first hexagram of the Earth hexagram group. The character ‘Peng’ in ‘Peng Lai’ is read as the original character. In Jing Fang’s version, it is written as ‘Peng’. The ‘Fu (Hex 24)’ in ‘Fan Fu (Hex 24)’ is annotated with the reverse-sound ‘Fang Fu Fan’, pronounced ‘fu’, and Liu Huan’s version is the same; some versions use ‘Fu’, and even the annotations use ‘Fan Fu (Hex 24)’ in the same way. The phrase ‘the Firm Fan’ is to be read with a pause. The ‘grows’ in ‘Gang Zhang’ is annotated with the reverse-sound ‘Ding Zhang Fan’, pronounced ‘zhang’, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text and annotations. The ‘see’ in ‘Xin Jian’ is annotated with the reverse-sound ‘Xian Bian Fan’, pronounced ‘xian’. The phrase ‘Ju Cun’ is sometimes written as ‘Qi Cun’. The term ‘Shang Lv (Hex 56)’ refers to merchants carrying goods and travelers; Zheng Xuan explains that ‘Shang’ means merchants who carry goods, and ‘Lv (Hex 56)’ means travelers. The character ‘Zhi’ in ‘Wu Zhi’ is pronounced ‘zhi’ and is a grammatical particle; Ma Rong agrees, pronouncing it ‘Zhi Shi Fan’; Han Kangbo pronounces it ‘qi zhi’ and interprets it as ‘great’; Zheng Xuan interprets it as ‘sickness’; Wang Su’s version writes it as ‘Ti’, pronounced ‘shi zhi’; Lu Ji explains that ‘Ti’ means ‘peace’. The character ‘Ji’ in ‘Ji Hui’ is pronounced ‘ji’ and is used similarly in the following text, and also pronounced ‘qi’. The character ‘nan’ in ‘Huan Nan’ is annotated with the reverse-sound ‘Nai Dan Fan’, pronounced ‘nan’. The character ‘Dang’ in ‘Yuan Yi’ is the same as ‘far’, and the annotation ‘Wan Fan’ is given, but the first character of the reverse-sound is missing; the character is read as ‘yuan’. The character ‘Cuo’ in ‘Cuo Zhi’ is annotated with the reverse-sound ‘Qi Gu Fan’, pronounced ‘cuò’.

休復（虛虯反）。最比（毗志反）。仁行（下孟反）。下仁（遐嫁反）。以下仁也（如字王肅云下附於仁徐戸嫁反）。頻復（如字，本又作嚬嚬眉也，鄭作顰音同馬云憂頻也）。頻戚（乾寂反，下同憂也，又子六反）。自考也（鄭云考成也，向云察也）。有災（本又作災鄭作烖案文烖正字也，災或字也，災籕文也）。眚（生領反，下卦同子夏傳云傷害曰災妖祥曰眚鄭云異自內生曰眚自外曰祥害物曰災）。量斯（音良）。雖復（扶又反）。

The character "xiū" in "xiū fù" is pronounced xiū, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "xū qiú fǎn." The character "bǐ" in "zuì bǐ" is pronounced bì, as indicated by "pí zhì fǎn." The character "xíng" in "rén xíng" is pronounced xìng, as indicated by "xià mèng fǎn." The character "xià" in "xià rén" is read as xià, as indicated by "xiá jià fǎn." In the phrase "yǐ xià rén yě," the character "xià" is read as it is written. Wang Su said it means to bend down and rely on benevolence. Xu Miao reads it as "hù jià fǎn," which is also xià. The character "pín" in "pín fù" is read as it is written; some versions of the text use "pín," meaning to frown; Zheng Xuan also uses "pín," which has the same pronunciation; Ma Rong said it refers to frequent sorrowful expressions. The character "qī" in "pín qī" is pronounced jì, as indicated by "gān jì fǎn," and the same pronunciation is used later, with the meaning of sorrow; it is also pronounced "zǐ liù fǎn," which is cù. In "zì kǎo yě," Zheng Xuan interprets "kǎo" as "cheng," while Xiang Xiu interprets it as "chá." The character "zāi" in "yǒu zāi" is written as a variant character in some versions, and Zheng Xuan writes it as "zāi." According to the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi," "zāi" is the correct character, "zāi" is a variant form, and "zāi" is a bronze script form. The character "shěng" is annotated as "shēng lǐng fǎn," pronounced shěng, and the same pronunciation is used for the lower trigram; the "Zi Xia Commentary on the Changes" says that harm is called "zāi," and strange occurrences are called "shěng"; Zheng Xuan says that strange occurrences arising internally are called "shěng," those coming from outside are called "xiáng," and damage to all things is called "zāi." The character "liàng" in "liàng sī" is pronounced "liáng." The character "fù" in "suī fù" is pronounced fù, as indicated by "fú yòu fǎn."

無妄（亡亮反，無妄無虛妄也，文云妄亂也，馬鄭王肅皆云妄猶望謂無所希望也，巽宮四世卦）。柔邪（似嗟反）。不佑（音又鄭云助也，本又作佑馬作右謂天不右行）。茂對時（茂盛也，馬云茂勉也，對配也）。下賤（遐嫁反）。不耕穫（黃郭反，或依注作不耕而獲非下句亦然）。不葘（側其反，馬云田一歳也，董云反草也）。畬（音餘馬曰田三歳也，董云悉耨曰畬文云二歳治田也，字林弋恕反）。不擅（市戰反）。行違（下孟反，下之行同）。稼（音嫁）。穡（音色）。為獲（如字或作獲非）。比（毗志反）。近（附近之近）。可試（試驗一云用也）。

The character "wàng" in "Wú Wàng" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "wáng", formed by combining the initial sound of "wáng" and the rhyme and tone of "liàng", resulting in the pronunciation wàng. "Wú Wàng" is the name of a hexagram, meaning without false expectations. According to the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", "wàng" is explained as disorder. Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, and Wang Su all interpreted "wàng" as similar to "wàng", meaning the heart has no aspirations. This hexagram is the fourth generation hexagram of the Xun palace. The character "xié" in "ruo xie" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "si jie", resulting in the pronunciation xié. The character "yu" in "bu yu" is pronounced "you", resulting in the pronunciation yòu. Zheng Xuan explains "yu" as assistance. Some versions read "yu", while Ma Rong reads "you", saying that heaven does not assist their actions. "Mao dui shi" refers to "mào" meaning flourishing, Ma Rong explains "mào" as encouragement, and "dui" means matching. The character "xia" in "xia jian" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "xia jia", resulting in the pronunciation xià. The character "huo" in "bu geng huo" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "huang guo", resulting in the pronunciation huò. Some versions alter it to "bu geng er huo", which is incorrect, and the same applies to the next sentence. The character "zi" in "bu zi" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "ce qi", resulting in the pronunciation zī. Ma Rong explains it as plowing a field for one year, while Dong Yu explains it as uprooting weeds. "Yu" is pronounced "yu". Ma Rong explains it as plowing a field for three years, while Dong Yu explains it as thorough cultivation, and the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" explains it as two years of cultivation, while the "Zi Lin" pronounces it "yi shu". The character "shan" in "bu shan" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "shi zhan", resulting in the pronunciation shàn. The character "xing" in "xing wei" is annotated with the reverse-slicing method "xia meng", resulting in the pronunciation xìng. "Jia" is pronounced "jia", resulting in the pronunciation jià. "Se" is pronounced "se", resulting in the pronunciation sè. "Wei huo" is read as the original character; some versions use a variant form, which is incorrect. "Bi" is annotated with "pi zhi", resulting in the pronunciation bì. "Jin" is read as "jin" meaning near. "Ke shi" refers to "shi" meaning trial, with another interpretation meaning use.

大畜（本又作蓄勑六反義與小畜同艮宮二世卦）。大畜剛健（絶句）。篤實輝（音輝）。光（絶句）。日新其德（鄭以日新絶句其德連下句）。厭而（於豔反）。夫能（音符發句皆然下非夫同）。令賢（力呈反，下同）。險難（乃旦反，下遇難同）。多識（如字又音試劉作志）。往行（下孟反）。利巳（夷止反，下及注巳則能己同或音紀姚同）。輿（音餘下同，本或作轝音同）。（吐活反，注及下同馬云解也）。輹（音服又音福蜀才本同或作輻一云車旁作複音服車下縛也，作畐者音福老子所云三十輻共一轂是也，釋名云輹似人屐又曰伏菟在軸上似之又曰輹伏於軸上）。馮河（皮冰反）。

The character 「畜」 in 「大畜」 is sometimes written as 「蓄」 in other versions. 「勑六反」 is a reverse-sounding annotation, pronounced chù, with the same meaning as the 「小畜」 hexagram. This hexagram is the second in the mountain (艮) group. 「大畜刚健」 is read with a pause after 「大畜.」 The character 「辉」 in 「笃实辉」 is pronounced “huī.” 「光」 is read with a pause. In the phrase 「日新其德,」 Zheng Xuan pauses after 「日新,」 and 「其德」 continues with the next sentence. The character 「厌」 in 「厌而」 is pronounced “yàn” according to 「于艳反.」 The character 「夫」 in 「夫能」 is pronounced “fú,” as is any 「夫」 at the beginning of a sentence; the 「夫」 in 「非夫」 is also pronounced the same. The character 「令」 in 「令贤」 is pronounced “líng” according to 「力呈反,」 and the same pronunciation is used elsewhere. The character 「难」 in 「险难」 is pronounced “nàn” according to 「乃旦反,」 and the same pronunciation is used in 「遇难.」 The character 「多识」 is read as written; it also has the pronunciation “shì.” In Liu Wang’s version, it is written as 「志.」 The character 「行」 in 「往行」 is pronounced “xìng” according to 「下孟反.」 The character 「巳」 in 「利巳」 is pronounced “yǐ” according to 「夷止反,」 and the same pronunciation is used in the following text and in the annotation 「巳则能己」; there is also a pronunciation “jǐ,” which is the same as in Yao Xin’s version. The character 「舆」 is pronounced “yú,” and the same pronunciation is used elsewhere; some versions write it as 「轝,」 with the same sound. The next heading has a missing character, and the annotation 「吐活反」 is pronounced “tuō,” with the same pronunciation used in the annotation and the following text; Ma Rong explains it as “to loosen.” The character 「輹」 is pronounced “fú,” and also “fú” (another pronunciation), and the same pronunciation is used in the version by Shu Cai; some versions write it as 「辐.」 One interpretation says that the character on the side of the chariot is from 「复,」 pronounced “fú,” referring to the wooden binding under the chariot; if it is from 「畐,」 it is pronounced “fú,” which is the 「辐」 in the “Thirty spokes share one hub” from the “Laozi.” The “Shi Ming” says that 「輹」 resembles wooden sandals, and also says that the “fu tu” is above the chariot axle and similar to it, and also says that 「輹」 is the part that is placed on top of the axle. The character 「冯」 in 「冯河」 is pronounced “píng” according to 「皮冰反.」

良馬逐（如字鄭本作逐逐云兩馬走也，姚云逐逐疾並驅之貌一音胄）。曰（音越劉云曰猶言也，鄭人實反云日習車徒）。閒（如字閡也，馬鄭云習）。險阨（於革反，本亦作厄）。童牛（無角牛也，廣蒼作犝劉云童妾也）。牿（古毒反，劉云牿之言角也，陸云牿當作角九家作告文同云牛觸角著橫木所以告人）。抑銳（於力反，下同，本又作挫災臥反）。強（其良反）。爭（爭之爭）。豶（符云反，劉云豕去勢曰豶）。之牙（徐五加反鄭讀為互）。剛暴（一本作剛突）。禁暴（音金）。何天（音河梁武帝音賀）。衢（其俱反，馬云四達謂之衢）。亨（許庚反）。

The character 「逐」 in 「良马逐」 is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan’s version reads 「逐逐,」 meaning two horses running side by side; Yao Xin says 「逐逐」 describes the appearance of rapid side-by-side driving; it is also pronounced 「胄.」 The character 「曰」 is read as 「越」; Liu Huan says 「曰」 is equivalent to 「言」; Zheng Xuan reads 「人实反,」 which is rì, meaning daily training of chariots and soldiers. The character 「闲」 is read as the original character, meaning to block or isolate; Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan interpret it as practice. The character 「阨」 in 「险阨」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「于革反,」 which is read as è; some versions read it as 「厄.」 「童牛」 refers to a calf without horns; the “Guangcang” reads it as 「犝」; Liu Huan says 「童」 means servant. The character 「牿」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「古毒反,」 which is read as gù; Liu Huan says 「牿」 is the horn; Lu Ji says 「牿」 should be 「角」; the nine families’ version reads it as 「告,」 and the “Shuowen Jiezi” agrees, explaining that since cattle use their horns to push, a crossbar is added to warn people. The character 「抑」 in 「抑锐」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「于力反,」 which is read as yì; the same pronunciation is used below; some versions read it as 「挫,」 pronounced 「灾卧反」 (zuò). The character 「强」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「其良反,」 which is read as qiáng. The character 「争」 is read as 「争斗」 (struggle). The character 「豮」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「符云反,」 which is read as fén; Liu Huan says castrating a pig is called 「豮.」 The character 「牙」 in 「之牙」 is read by Xu Miao as 「五加反」 (yá); Zheng Xuan reads it as 「互.」 「刚暴」 is read in another version as 「刚突.」 The character 「禁」 in 「禁暴」 is pronounced 「金,」 read as jīn. The character 「何」 in 「何天」 is pronounced 「河,」 read as hé; Emperor Liang Wu reads it as 「贺,」 which is hè. The character 「衢」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「其俱反,」 read as qú; Ma Rong says a road that is four-way and eight-way connected is called 「衢.」 The character 「亨」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「许庚反,」 read as hēng.

頤（以之反，養也，此文字也，巽宮游魂卦）。舎爾（音舍注同）。朶（多果反，動也，鄭同京作椯）。嚼（詳略反）。令物（力呈反）。離其（力智反）。而窺（苦規反）。顚頤（丁田反）。拂（符弗反，違也，薛同注下皆同一音敷弗反子夏傳作弗云輔弼也）。此行（下孟反，下立行同）。悖也（布內反，逆也）。虎視（徐市土反又常止反）。眈眈（丁南反，威而不猛也，馬云虎下視貌一音大南反）。逐逐（如字敦實也，薛云速也，子夏傳作攸攸志林云攸當為逐蘇林音迪荀作悠悠劉作跾云逺也，文跾音式六反）。施賢（始豉反，下文同又如字）。而比（毗志反）。得頤（一本作得順）。難未（乃旦反）。厲吉（厲嚴厲也，馬王肅云危）。

"Yi" is annotated as "yi zhi fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced yí, meaning "to nourish"; this character form is found in the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" (Explanations of Characters). This hexagram is a wandering soul hexagram of the Xun (Wind) palace. "She er" (abandon you) has "she" pronounced "she," with the annotation being the same. "Du" is annotated as "duo guo fan," pronounced duǒ, meaning "to move"; Zheng Xuan agrees, and Jing Fang's version reads "tian." "Jiao" is annotated as "xiang lue fan," pronounced jué. "Lingwu" (command things) has "ling," annotated as "li cheng fan," pronounced líng. "Li qi" (leave it) has "li," annotated as "li zhi fan," pronounced lì. "Er kui" (and peek) has "kui," annotated as "ku gu fan," pronounced kuī. "Dian yi" (upright nourishment) has "dian," annotated as "ding tian fan," pronounced diān. "Fu" is annotated as "fu fu fan," pronounced fú, meaning "to violate"; Xue Yu agree, and the annotation and following text are the same; another pronunciation is "fu fu fan." "Ci xing" (this action) has "xing," annotated as "xia meng fan," pronounced xìng, and "li xing" (establish action) is the same. "Bei ye" (contrary) has "bei," annotated as "bu nei fan," pronounced bèi, meaning "reverse." "Hu shi" (lion's gaze) has "shi," read by Xu Miao as "shi tu fan," and also as "chang zhi fan." "Dan dan" is annotated as "ding nan fan," pronounced dān, meaning "having authority without being fierce"; Ma Rong says it refers to the appearance of a tiger looking down; another pronunciation is "da nan fan." "Zhu zhu" is read as the original character, meaning "honest and sincere"; Xue Yu interpret it as "speed"; the "Zi Xia Yi Zhuan" reads "you you," and the "Zhi Lin" says "you" should be "zhu," with Su Lin pronouncing it "di"; Xun Shuang reads "you you"; Liu Wan reads "tong," meaning "far," and the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" pronounces "tong" as "shi lü fan." "Shi xian" (bestow virtue) has "shi," annotated as "shi chi fan," pronounced shì, same in the following text, and can also be read as the original character. "Er bi" (and compare) has "bi," annotated as "pi zhi fan," pronounced bì. "De yi" (gain nourishment) is another version read as "de shun." "Nan wei" (difficult yet) has "nan," annotated as "nai dan fan," pronounced nàn. "Li ji" (strictly auspicious) has "li" meaning "strict"; Ma Rong and Wang Su interpret it as "dangerous."

大過（徐古臥反罪過也，超過也，王肅音戈震宮游魂卦）。相過之過（並古臥反）。棟（徐丁貢反）。橈（乃敎反，曲折也，下同）。拯（拯救之拯）。弱（本亦作溺並依字讀下救其弱拯弱皆同）。而（音恱注同）。救難難乃（並乃旦反上六注同）。遯（本又作遁同徒遜反）。藉（在夜反，下同馬云在下曰藉）。唯愼（辰震反）。枯楊（如字鄭音姑謂無姑山榆榆羊朱反）。

The character "过" in "大过" is read as "guò" by Xu Miao, meaning guilt or wrongdoing, and also meaning to exceed; Wang Su pronounces it as "ge". This hexagram is a wandering soul hexagram of the Zhen palace. The two "过" characters in "相过之过" are both read as "guò". The character "栋" is read by Xu Miao as "ding gong fan" meaning "dòng". The character "桡" is annotated as "nai jiao fan", a phonetic annotation, read as "náo", meaning to bend or curve, as in the following text. The character "拯" is read as "zheng", as in "rescue". The character "弱" is sometimes written as "溺" in other versions, but both are read according to the original character; the following text "救其弱" and "拯弱" are the same. The first character of the next entry is missing, but the annotation says "yue", read as "yuè", with the same annotation. The character "难" in "救难" and "难乃" is read as "nán", pronounced "nian dan fan", meaning difficulty. The annotation for the upper hexagram Six is the same. The character "遯" is sometimes written as "遁" in other versions, but both are read as "tu xun fan", meaning "dùn". The character "藉" is annotated as "zai ye fan", read as "jiè", as in the following text; Ma Rong said that what is laid down below is called "藉". The character "愼" in "唯愼" is read as "chen zhen fan", meaning "shèn". The character "杨" in "枯杨" is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan pronounces it as "gu", saying it is "wu gu", meaning mountain elm, and "榆" is read as "yang zhu fan".

稊（徒稽反，楊之秀也，鄭作荑荑木更生音夷謂山榆之實）。老夫（如字下同）。特吝（特或作持）。能令（力主反）。得少（詩照反，下同）。則稺（直吏反）。者長（丁丈反）。淹溺（乃歷反）。生華（如字徐音花）。無譽（音預又音餘）。滅頂（徐都冷反）。習（便習也，重也，劉云水流行不休故曰習）。

The character 「稊」is annotated as 「徒稽反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as tí, referring to the new shoots of willow and poplar trees; Zheng Xuan writes 「荑」, explaining that 「荑」means the rebirth of grass and trees, pronounced as yí, referring to the fruit of mountain elm. 「老夫」is read as written, same for the following text. The character 「特」in 「特吝」is sometimes written as 「持」in other versions. The character 「令」in 「能令」is annotated as 「力主反」, and the second character of this reverse-sound annotation may be erroneous. The character 「少」in 「得少」is annotated as 「诗照反」, read as shào, same for the following text. The character 「稺」in 「则稺」is the same as 「稚」, annotated as 「直吏反」, read as zhì. The character 「长」in 「者长」is annotated as 「丁丈反」, read as zhǎng. The character 「溺」in 「淹溺」is annotated as 「乃历反」, read as nì. The character 「华」in 「生华」is read as written; Xu Mi reads it as 「花」. The character 「誉」in 「无誉」is pronounced as yù, and also as yú. The character 「顶」in 「灭顶」is read by Xu Mi as 「都冷反」, which is dǐng. The character 「习」means familiarity, and also means repetition; Liu Huan explains that water flows continuously, so it is called 「习」.

坎（徐苦感反，本亦作埳京劉作欿險也，陷也，八純卦象水）。險陷（陷沒之陷）。謂便（婢面反，下同）。重險（直龍反，注下並同）。陗（七妙反）。洊（在薦反，徐在悶反舊又才本反爾雅云再也，劉云仍也，京作臻乾作薦）。德行（下孟反，注同）。險難（乃旦反，下險難同）。則夫（音符）。窞（徒坎反，文云坎中更有坎王肅又作徒感反云窞坎底也，字林云坎中小坎一曰旁入）。處欿（亦作坎字）。而復（扶又反，下雖復同）。險且（如字古文及鄭向本作檢鄭云木在手曰檢）。枕（徐針鴆反王肅針甚反鄭云木在首曰枕陸云閑礙險害之貌九家作玷古文作沈沈直林反）。

The character 「坎」 is read by Xu Miao as 「kǔ gǎn fǎn」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced kǎn; some versions of the text use 「dǎn」, and Jing Fang and Liu Huan use 「kǎn」; it is interpreted as meaning danger or to fall into. This hexagram is one of the eight pure hexagrams, symbolizing water. The term 「陷」 in 「险陷」 is read as 「xiàn mò」, meaning to be submerged. The character 「便」 in 「谓便」 is read as 「bì miàn fǎn」, pronounced biàn, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character 「重」 in 「重险」 is read as 「zhí lóng fǎn」, pronounced chóng, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotations and following text. The character 「陗」 is read as 「qī miào fǎn」, pronounced qiào. The character 「洊」 is read as 「zài jiàn fǎn」, pronounced jiàn; Xu Miao reads it as 「zài mèn fǎn」, and in old texts it was also read as 「cái běn fǎn」; the 「Er Ya」 explains it as meaning again, and Liu Huan explains it as still. Jing Fang's version uses 「zhēn」, and Gan Bao uses 「jiàn」. The character 「行」 in 「德行」 is read as 「xià mèng fǎn」, pronounced xìng, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotations. The character 「难」 in 「险难」 is read as 「nǎi dàn fǎn」, pronounced nàn, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text of 「险难」. The character 「夫」 in 「则夫」 is pronounced 「fú」. The character 「窞」 is read as 「tú kǎn fǎn」, pronounced dàn; the 「Shuo Wen Jie Zi」 says it means there is another 「坎」 inside 「坎」; Wang Su reads it as 「tú gǎn fǎn」, saying 「窞」 means the bottom of 「坎」; the 「Zi Lin」 says it means a small 「坎」 inside 「坎」, and one interpretation says it means to fall into from the side. The character 「欿」 in 「处欿」 is also written as the character 「坎」. The character 「复」 in 「而复」 is read as 「fú yòu fǎn」, pronounced fù, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text of 「虽复」. The character 「险且」 is read as it is written; ancient texts, as well as versions by Zheng Xuan and Xiang Xiu, use 「检」, and Zheng Xuan says it refers to a wooden device placed on the hand. The character 「枕」 is read by Xu Miao as 「zhēn jìn fǎn」, pronounced zhèn, and by Wang Su as 「zhēn shèn fǎn」; Zheng Xuan says it refers to a wooden device placed on the head; Lu Ji says it refers to the appearance of obstruction and danger; the nine families' version uses 「diàn」, and the ancient text uses 「shěn」, which is read as 「zhí lín fǎn」.

出則之坎（一本作出則亦坎誤）。樽酒（音尊絶句）。簋貳（音絶句）。用缶（方有反，絶句舊讀樽酒簋絶句貳用缶一句）。自牖（音酉陸作誘）。承比（毗志反，下同）。之食（音嗣飯也）。象曰樽酒簋（一本更有貳字）。祇（音支又祁支反鄭云當為坻小丘也，京作禔文同音支又上支反安也）。盡平（津忍反）。徽（許韋反）。纆（音墨劉云三股曰徽兩股曰纆皆索名）。寘（之豉反，置也，注同劉作示言眾議於九之下也，子夏傳作湜姚作寔寔置也，張作置）。叢（才公反）。法峻（荀潤反）。

The phrase "出则之坎" is different from another version which reads "出则亦坎," and the latter is incorrect. The character "樽" in "樽酒" is pronounced "尊," read as zūn, and the sentence should be divided here. The character "簋" in "簋贰" has a phonetic annotation that is missing, and the sentence should be divided here. The character "缶" in "用缶" is annotated with "方有反," a reverse phonetic annotation, and is read as fǒu, and the sentence should be divided here; the old reading divides at "樽酒簋," making "贰用缶" a separate sentence. The character "牖" in "自牖" is pronounced "酉," read as yǒu; the version by Lu Ji reads "诱." The character "比" in "承比" is annotated with "毗志反," read as bì, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character "食" in "之食" is pronounced "嗣," read as sì, and is interpreted as food. The phrase "象曰：樽酒簋" is different from another version which also includes the character "贰." The character "祇" is pronounced "支," and also read as "祁支反"; Zheng Xuan says it should be "坻," meaning a small hill; the version by Jing Fang reads "禔," which is the same as in the Shuowen Jiezi, pronounced "支," and also read as "上支反," meaning to be secure. The character "尽" in "尽平" is annotated with "津忍反," read as jǐn. The character "徽" is annotated with "许韦反," read as huī. The character "纆" is pronounced "墨," read as mò; Liu Wan says that three strands woven together are called "徽," and two strands are called "纆," both being names for ropes. The character "寘" is annotated with "之豉反," read as zhì, meaning to place, and the annotation is the same; Liu Wan's version reads "示," meaning to place the opinions of many people beneath the nine jis; the Zixia Commentary on the Changes reads "湜," Yao Xin reads "寔," saying "寔" is the same as "置"; Zhang's version reads "置." The character "丛" is annotated with "才公反," read as cóng. The character "峻" in "法峻" is annotated with "荀润反," read as jùn.

離（列池反，麗也，麗著也，八純卦象日象火）。畜（許六反，注同）。牝（頻忍反，徐又扶死反）。外強（其良反）。猶著（直畧反，卦內同）。草木麗（如字文作䕻）。乎土（王肅本作地）。重明（直龍反）。明兩作（鄭云作起也，荀云用也）。明照相繼（一本無明照二字）。履錯（鄭徐七各反馬七路反）。警（京領反）。闢其（音避象同）。日（王嗣宗本作仄音同）。鼓（鄭本作擊）。大耊（田節反，馬云七十曰耊王肅又他結反云八十曰耊京作絰蜀才作咥）。之嗟（如字王肅又遭哥反荀作差下嗟若亦爾）。

The character 「离」 is annotated as 「列池反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced as lí. It is explained as 「丽」, meaning attachment. This hexagram is one of the eight pure hexagrams, and it takes the image of the sun and the image of fire. The character 「畜」 is annotated as 「许六反」, pronounced as xù, with the same explanation. The character 「牝」 is annotated as 「频忍反」, pronounced as pìn; Xu Mi also reads it as 「扶死反」. The character 「强」 in 「外强」 is annotated as 「其良反」, pronounced as qiáng. The character 「着」 in 「犹着」 is annotated as 「直畧反」, pronounced as zhuó, with the same explanation within the hexagram. The character 「丽」 in 「草木丽」 is read as the original character; the 「说文解字」 reads it as 「䕻」. The character 「乎土」 in the Wang Su edition is written as 「地」. The character 「重」 in 「重明」 is annotated as 「直龙反」, pronounced as chóng. The character 「作」 in 「明两作」 is explained by Zheng Xuan as 「起」, and by Xun Shuang as 「用」. The phrase 「明照相继」 is missing the words 「明照」 in another edition. The character 「错」 in 「履错」 is read by Zheng Xuan and Xu Mi as 「七各反」, pronounced as cuò, while Ma Rong reads it as 「七路反」. The character 「警」 is annotated as 「京领反」, pronounced as jǐng. The character 「辟」 in 「辟其」 is pronounced as 「避」, read as bì, with the same explanation in the 「象传」. The character 「日」 in this context is written as 「仄」 in the Wang Si Zong edition, with the same pronunciation. The character 「鼓」 is written as 「击」 in Zheng Xuan's edition. The character 「耊」 in 「大耊」 is annotated as 「田节反」, pronounced as dié; Ma Rong says that seventy years old is called 「耊」, while Wang Su reads it as 「他结反」, saying that eighty years old is called 「耊」; Jing Fang's edition writes it as 「绖」, and Shu Cai writes it as 「咥」. The character 「嗟」 in 「之嗟」 is read as the original character; Wang Su also reads it as 「遭哥反」; Xun Shuang writes it as 「差」; the character 「嗟」 in the following phrase 「嗟若」 is also read the same way.

凶（古文及鄭無凶字）。突（徒忽反，王肅唐屑反舊又湯骨反字林同云暫出）。逼近（附近之近）。出（如字徐尺遂反王嗣宗勑類反）。涕（徐他米反又音弟）。沱（徒河反，荀作池，一本作沲）。若（古文若皆如此）。戚（乾寂反，子夏傳作嘁嘁子六反諮慚也）。不勝（音升）。逆首（本又作逆道兩得）。離王公也（音麗鄭作麗王肅云麗王者之後為公梁武力智反王嗣宗同）。折首（徐之舌反注同）。以去（羗呂反）。王用出征以正邦也（王肅本此下更有獲匪其醜大有功也）。

The character 「凶」 is not found in the ancient text or in Zheng Xuan's version. The character 「突」 is annotated as 「徒忽反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as tū; Wang Su read it as 「唐屑反」, and in the past it was also read as 「汤骨反」. The character 「近」 in 「逼近」 is read as the same as 「附近」's 「近」. The character 「出」 is read as its original pronunciation; Xu Miao read it as 「尺遂反」, and Wang Sizong read it as 「勑类反」. The character 「涕」 is read by Xu Miao as 「他米反」, that is tì, and also pronounced 「弟」. The character 「沱」 is annotated as 「徒河反」, read as tuó; Xun Shuang wrote it as 「池」, another version wrote it as 「沲」. The character 「若」 in ancient texts is all written in this form. The character 「戚」 is annotated as 「干寂反」; in Zixia's Commentary on the Changes it is written as 「嘁嘁」, read as 「子六反」, meaning lamentation and shame. The character 「胜」 in 「不胜」 is read as 「升」, pronounced shēng. The term 「逆首」, some versions read it as 「逆道」, both interpretations are acceptable. The character 「离」 in 「离王公也」 is read as 「丽」; Zheng Xuan wrote it as 「丽」; Wang Su said it refers to being attached to the descendants of the king and becoming a marquis; Liang Wudi read it as 「力智反」, that is lì, and Wang Sizong read it the same. The character 「折」 in 「折首」, Xu Miao read it as 「之舌反」, that is zhé, and the annotation is the same. The character 「去」 in 「以去」 is read as 「羗吕反」, pronounced qù. The sentence 「王用出征，以正邦也」, in Wang Su's version there is an additional sentence below: 「获匪其丑，大有功也」.

周易下經咸傳第四咸（如字云感也，兊宮三世卦）。取（七具反，本亦作娶音同）。相與（如字鄭云與猶親也）。而（音恱）。男下（遐嫁反，下注必下同）。見於（賢遍反）。各亢（口浪反，本或作有）。拇（後反，馬鄭薛云足大指也，子夏作荀作母云陰位之尊）。腓（房非反，鄭云膞腸也，膞音市臠反王廙云腓腓腸也，荀作肥云謂五也，尊盛故稱肥）。離拇（力智反）。動躁（早報反）。

This passage begins with the title of the fourth chapter, "Xian Transmission of the Lower Classic of the Zhou Changes." The character "咸" is pronounced as written, and the hexagram statement explains it as "sensibility." This hexagram is the third generation in the Dui palace. "取" is annotated with "qi ju fan," which is a reverse-sounding pronunciation, read as qǔ; some editions read it as "qu," with the same pronunciation. "相与" is read as written; Zheng Xuan says "与" is equivalent to "kinship." The first character of the next line is missing, and the annotation says "yin huo," read as yuè. The "下" in "男下" is pronounced "xia" with "xia jia fan," and the same pronunciation is used in the following annotation "必下." The "见" in "见于" is pronounced "xian" with "xian bian fan." The "亢" in "各亢" is pronounced "kang" with "kou lang fan"; some editions read it as "you." The first character of the reverse-sounding pronunciation for "拇" is missing, only "hou fan" remains; Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, and Xue Yu say it refers to the big toe. The "子夏易传" says it is a variant character, and Xun Shuang reads it as "mu," saying it refers to the dignity of the yin position. The "腓" is annotated with "fang fei fan," read as fei; Zheng Xuan says it refers to the calf, "膞" is read as "shi luan fan"; Wang Yi says "腓" is the calf muscle; Xun Shuang reads it as "fei," referring to the nine in the fifth, because of its grandeur it is called "fei." The "离" in "离拇" is read as "li zhi fan," pronounced li. The "躁" in "动躁" is read as "zao bao fan," pronounced zao.

股（音古）。憧憧（昌容反，馬雲行貌王肅云往來不絶貌廣雅云往來也，劉云意未定也，徐又音童又音鍾京作字林云遲也，丈冢反）。脢（武杯反，又音每心之上口之下也，鄭云背脊肉也，文同王肅又音廣雅云胂謂之脢胂音以人反）。輔（如字馬云上頷也，虞作䩉云耳目之間）。頰（兼葉反，孟作俠）。滕（徒登反，達也，九家作乗虞作媵鄭云送也）。口（如字注同徐音脫又始銳反）。

The character "股" is pronounced "gǔ." "憧憧" is annotated as "昌容反," which is a reverse-slicing pronunciation, read as "chōng." Ma Rong interpreted it as the appearance of walking, Wang Su interpreted it as the appearance of continuous movement, and the "Guangya" explained it as movement. Liu Huan said it refers to an undetermined mind. Xu Miao provided two pronunciations: "tóng" and "zhōng." Jing Fang's version uses a variant character, and the "Zilin" explains it as "delay," pronounced "zhàng zhǒng fǎn." "脢" is annotated as "wǔ bēi fǎn," read as "méi," and also pronounced "měi," referring to the area above the heart and below the mouth. Zheng Xuan interpreted it as the flesh on the back, which is the same as in the "Shuowen Jiezi." Wang Su provided another pronunciation, but the character has been lost. The "Guangya" says "胂" is called "脢," and "胂" is pronounced "yǐ rén fǎn." "辅" is read as the original character. Ma Rong interpreted it as the upper jaw, Yu Fan wrote it as "䩉," interpreting it as the area between the ears and eyes. "颊" is annotated as "jiān yè fǎn," read as "jiá." Meng Xi's version uses "侠." "滕" is annotated as "tú dēng fǎn," read as "téng," meaning "to reach." The nine families' version uses "乗," Yu Fan wrote it as "媵," and Zheng Xuan interpreted it as "to send." "口" is read as the original character, with the annotation being the same. Xu Miao pronounced it as "tuō," and also read it as "shǐ ruì fǎn."

恆（如字久也，震宮三世卦）。長陽長陰（並丁丈反大象注同）。媲（普計反，配也）。復始（扶又反）。見於（賢遍反）。浚（荀潤反，深也，鄭作浚）。令物（力呈反）。餘縕（紆粉反，廣雅云積也）。或承（或有也，一云常也，鄭本作咸承）。德行（下孟反）。詰（去吉反）。而分（扶運反）。振恆（之刃反，馬云動也，鄭云搖落也，張作震）。

The term 「恒」 is read as it is written, and it is interpreted as ‘long’ or ‘lasting’; this hexagram belongs to the third generation of the Zhen (Thunder) trigram group. The character 「长」 in both 「长阳」 and 「长阴」 is pronounced ‘zhǎng’, as indicated by the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「Ding 丈反」. The term 「媲」 is annotated with 「普计反」, pronounced ‘pì’, and means ‘to match’. The 「复」 in 「复始」 is annotated with 「扶又反」, pronounced ‘fù’. The 「见」 in 「见于」 is annotated with 「贤遍反」, pronounced ‘xiàn’. The 「浚」 is annotated with 「荀润反」, pronounced ‘jùn’, and means ‘deep’; Zheng Xuan’s version uses 「浚」. The 「令」 in 「令物」 is annotated with 「力呈反」, pronounced ‘líng’. The 「缊」 in 「余缊」 is annotated with 「纡粉反」, pronounced ‘yùn’; the ‘Guangya’ dictionary explains it as ‘accumulation’. The 「或」 in 「或承」 is interpreted as ‘to have’, or alternatively as ‘constant’; Zheng Xuan’s version uses 「咸承」. The 「行」 in 「virtue 行」 is annotated with 「下孟反」, pronounced ‘xìng’. The 「诘」 is annotated with 「去 auspicious 反」, pronounced ‘jié’. The 「分」 in 「而分」 is annotated with 「扶运反」, pronounced ‘fèn’. The 「振」 in 「振恒」 is annotated 「之刃反」, pronounced ‘zhèn’; Ma Rong interprets it as ‘movement’, Zheng Xuan says it means ‘falling off’, and Zhang’s version uses ‘Zhen’.

遯（徒巽反，字又作又作遁同隱退也，匿跡避時奉身退隱之謂也，鄭云逃去之名序卦云遯者退也，乾宮二世卦）。夫靜（音扶）。非否（備鄙反，下同）。亢（苦浪反）。浸（子鴆反，注同）。而長（丁丈反，卦內同或如字）。以逺（萬反，注並同）。闢內（音避）。難可（乃旦反）。何災（音河褚河可反今不用）。勝（升證反，又音升注同）。（王肅如字解也，師同徐吐活反又始銳反）。

"Du^n" is annotated as "tu^ su^n fan^", which is a reverse-sound annotation, and is read as "du^n". This character is also written in alternative forms, such as "dun^n", and both are pronounced the same, meaning to retreat or withdraw; Zheng Xuan says it refers to the name of fleeing. The "Xu^ Gua^ Zhuan^" says "du^n" means retreat. This hexagram is the second in the Qian Palace. The "fu^ jing^" in "fu^" is pronounced "fu^", read as "fu^". The "pǐ" in "fei^ pǐ" is annotated as "bei^ bi^ fan^", read as "pǐ", and the same applies below. "Kang^" is annotated as "ku^ lang^ fan^", read as "kang^". "Jin^" is annotated as "zi^ zhen^ fan^", read as "jin^", and the annotation is the same. The "chang^" in "er^ chang^" is annotated as "ding^ zhang^ fan^", read as "zhang^", and the same applies within the hexagram, and there is also a reading as the original character. The "yuan^" in "yi^ yuan^" is the same as "yuan^", annotated as "wan^ fan^", the first character of the reverse-sound annotation is missing, and the character is read as "yuan^", and the annotation is the same. The "bi^" in "bi^ nei^" is pronounced "bi^", read as "bi^". The "nan^" in "nan^ ke^" is annotated as "nian^ dan^ fan^", read as "nan^". The "he^" in "he^ zai^" is pronounced "he^"; Zhu^ Shi^ reads "he^ ke^ fan^", but this is not adopted now. "Sheng^" is annotated as "sheng^ zheng^ fan^", read as "sheng^", and also pronounced "sheng^", and the annotation is the same. The first character of the next entry is missing; Wang^ Su^ reads it as the original character, meaning to resolve; the Shu^ said the same; Xu^ Miao^ reads "tu^ hu^ fan^", which is "tu^", and also reads "shi^ rui^ fan^".

遯巳（音以或音紀）。係遯（古詣文，本或作繫）。近二（附近之近）。憊（蒲拜反，鄭云困也，廣雅云極也，王肅作斃荀作備）。好遯（呼報反，注下同）。小人否（音鄙注下同惡也，徐方有反鄭王肅備鄙反云塞也）。能舎（音舍）。肥遯（如字子夏傳云肥饒裕）。能累（劣偽反）。繒（則能反）。繳（章畧反）。

The character 「巳」 in 「遯巳」 is pronounced “yǐ” or “jǐ.” The character 「系」 in 「系遯」 is annotated as “gǔ yì,” but the final character of the reverse-slicing annotation is damaged; some versions use another form of the character 「系.」 The character 「近」 in 「近二」 is read as “jìn,” the same as in 「附近.」 The character 「惫」 is annotated as “pú bài fǎn,” which is reverse-slicing pronunciation, read as bèi; Zheng Xuan explains it as “kùn,” while the “Guangya” explains it as “jí”; Wang Su’s version reads it as “bì,” and Xun Shuang reads it as “bèi.” The character 「好」 in 「好遯」 is annotated as “hū bào fǎn,” read as hào, and the annotation and following text use the same pronunciation. The character 「否」 in 「小人否」 is pronounced “bǐ,” read as pǐ, and the annotation and following text use the same pronunciation, meaning “evil”; Xu Miao reads it as “fāng yǒu fǎn,” i. e., fǒu; Zheng Xuan and Wang Su read it as “bèi bǐ fǎn,” meaning “blockage.” The character 「舎」 in 「能舎」 is pronounced “shě.” The character 「肥」 in 「肥遯」 is read as the original character; the “Zixia Commentary on the Changes” says 「肥」 means “abundant and comfortable.” The character 「累」 in 「能累」 is annotated as “liè wèi fǎn,” read as lèi. The character 「缯」 is annotated as “zé néng fǎn,” read as zēng. The character 「缴」 is annotated as “zhānglüè fǎn,” read as zhuó.

大壯（莊亮反，威盛強猛之名鄭雲氣力浸強之名王肅云壯盛也，廣雅云健也，馬云傷也，郭璞云今淮南人呼壯為傷坤宮四世卦）。而愼禮也（愼或作順義亦通）。用罔（罔羅也，馬王肅云無）。羝羊（音低張云羖羊也，廣雅云吳羊曰羝）。觸（徐處六反）。藩（方反，徐甫言反下同馬云籬落也）。羸（律悲反，又力追反下同馬云大索也，徐力皮反王肅作縲音螺鄭虞作累蜀才作累張作虆）。

The term "zhuang" in "Da Zhuang" is annotated with the reverse-sound method as "Zhuang Liang Fan," combining the initial sound of "Zhuang" with the vowel and tone of "Liang," resulting in the pronunciation zhuang, which signifies strength and power. Zheng Xuan interprets it as a name indicating gradually increasing strength, while Wang Su says "zhuang" means prosperity. The "Guangya" explains it as meaning vigorous. Ma Rong interprets it as injury, and Guo Pu says that in present-day Huainan, "zhuang" is pronounced as "shang." This hexagram is the fourth generation hexagram in the Kun palace. The term "shen" in "er shen li" is sometimes written as "shun," which also makes sense. The term "wang" in "yong wang" refers to a net; Ma Rong and Wang Su interpret it as "wu" (nothing). The term "di yang" in "di yang" is pronounced "di," read as dī. Zhang氏 says it refers to a black male sheep, and the "Guangya" says that sheep in Wu are called "di." The character "chu" is read by Xu Miao as "chu liu fan," which is chù. The character "fan" has the reverse-sound annotation with the lower character missing, only the character "fang" remains as the upper character; Xu Miao reads it as "fu yan fan," which is fān, and the same applies below. Ma Rong says "fan" refers to a fence. The term "lei" is annotated as "lv bei fan," read as léi, and also as "li zhu fan," the same applies below; Ma Rong says it refers to a thick rope; Xu Miao reads it as "li pi fan"; Wang Su's version reads it as "lei," pronounced "luo"; Zheng Xuan and Yu Fan read it as "lei," Shucai also reads it as "lei," and Zhang氏 reads it as "lei."

雖復（扶又反）。藩決（音穴注下同）。大輿（音餘）。之輹（音福，本又作輻）。行不（下孟反）。能（吐活反）。喪羊（息浪反，注下同）。於易（以豉反，注下同鄭音亦謂狡易也，陸作埸謂壃埸也）。險難（如字亦乃旦反）。則難（乃旦反）。剛長（丁丈反，下剛長同）。猶與（音預，一本作預）。其分（扶問反）。不詳（詳審也，鄭王肅作祥善也）。

The character 「复」 in 「虽复」 is pronounced fù, as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation 「扶又反」. The character 「决」 in 「藩决」 is pronounced xué, as noted in the annotation and the following text. The character 「舆」 in 「大舆」 is pronounced yú. The character 「輹」 in 「之輹」 is pronounced fù; some versions of the text read it as 「辐」. The character 「行」 in 「行不」 is pronounced xìng, as indicated by 「下孟反」. The first character of the next entry is missing, and the annotation reads 「吐活反」, which is pronounced tuō. The character 「丧」 in 「丧羊」 is pronounced sàng, as indicated by 「息浪反」, and the same pronunciation applies to the annotation and following text. The character 「易」 in 「于易」 is pronounced yì, as noted by 「以豉反」, and the same pronunciation applies to the annotation and following text; Zheng Xuan pronounces it as 「亦」, meaning cunning and light-hearted; in Lu Ji's version, it is read as 「埸」, meaning border. The character 「难」 in 「险难」 is read as the original character, but may also be pronounced nà. The character 「难」 in 「则难」 is pronounced nàn. The character 「长」 in 「刚长」 is pronounced zhǎng, as indicated by 「丁丈反」, and the same pronunciation applies to the following mention of 「刚长」. The character 「与」 in 「犹与」 is pronounced yù; another version reads it directly as 「预」. The character 「分」 in 「其分」 is pronounced fèn, as indicated by 「扶问反」. The character 「详」 in 「不详」 means careful consideration; in Zheng Xuan's and Wang Su's versions, it is read as 「祥」, meaning good.

晉（云進也，孟作齊齊子西反義同乾宮游魂卦）。康（美之名也，馬云安也，鄭云尊也，廣也，陸云安也，樂也）。蕃（音煩多也，鄭發反）。庶（如字眾也，鄭止奢反謂蕃遮禽也）。晝日（竹又反）。三（徐息慚反下及注同）。接（如字鄭音捷勝也）。上行（時掌反，凡上行並同）。以著（直畧反，下著明同）。三褫（勑紙反，又直紙反）。

"The hexagram 'Jin' (Progress)" is interpreted in the hexagram statement as 'to advance'; Meng Xi's version reads 'Qi', which is pronounced 'Zi Xi Fan', with meaning similar to 'Jin'. This hexagram is a wandering soul hexagram of the Qian trigram. 'Kang' is a beautiful term; Ma Rong interprets it as 'peace', Zheng Xuan interprets it as 'respect' and 'broadness', and Lu Ji interprets it as 'peace' and 'pleasure'. 'Fan' is pronounced 'Fan', read as 'fan', interpreted as 'many'; Zheng Xuan has another reading, but the initial character of the reverse-sound is missing, and the final character is 'Fa'. 'Shu' is read as the original character, interpreted as 'many'; Zheng Xuan reads 'Zhi She Fan', saying it means 'to block out wild animals'. The character 'zhou' in 'zhou ri' is annotated with the reverse-sound 'Zhu You Fan', pronounced as 'zhou'. The character 'san' is read by Xu Miao as 'Xi Can Fan', that is 'san', and the same applies in the following text and annotations. 'Jie' is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan pronounces it as 'Jie', interpreting it as 'to overcome'. The 'shang xing' in 'shang xing' has 'shang' pronounced 'Shi Zhang Fan', read as 'shang', and all instances of 'shang xing' are the same. The 'zhe' in 'yi zhe' is annotated with the reverse-sound 'Zhi Lue Fan', read as 'zhuo', and the same applies to 'zhe ming' later. The 'chi' in 'san chi' is pronounced 'Chi Zhi Fan', read as 'chi', and also read as 'Zhi Zhi Fan'.

摧如（罪雷反，退也，鄭讀如南山崔崔之崔）。未著（張慮反）。自喪（息浪反）。愁（狀由反，鄭子小反云變色貌）。介（音戒大也，馬同）。聞乎（聞亦作文又作交義並通）。和之（胡臥反）。鼫（音石子夏傳作碩鼠鼫鼠五技鼠也，本草螻蛄一名鼫鼠）。失得（如字孟馬鄭虞至肅本作矢馬王云離為矢虞云矢古誓字）。失夫（音符）。

The character "摧" in "摧如" is pronounced "cuī" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "罪雷反," meaning "to retreat." Zheng Xuan reads it as the "崔" in the "南山崔崔" of the "Book of Songs." The character "着" in "未着" is pronounced "zhù" as indicated by "张虑反." The character "丧" in "自丧" is pronounced "sàng" as indicated by "息浪反." The character "愁" is annotated as "状由反," pronounced "chóu," while Zheng Xuan reads it as "子小反," meaning "a look of anger." The character "介" is pronounced "jiè," meaning "great," as noted by Ma Rong. The character "闻" in "闻乎" is also written as "文" or "交," both of which are acceptable in meaning. The character "和" in "和之" is pronounced "hè" as indicated by "胡卧反." The character "鼫" is pronounced "shí," and in the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" it is written as "硕鼠," meaning "a mouse with five skills." The "本草" refers to the蝼蛄 as also called "鼫鼠." The character "失得" is read as written. The versions of the text by Meng Xi, Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Yu Fan, and Wang Su read "矢" instead. Ma Rong and Wang Su say that the trigram Li is like a "矢," while Yu Fan says "矢" is an ancient form of "誓." The character "夫" in "失夫" is pronounced "fú."

明夷（夷傷也，坎宮游魂卦）。以蒙大難（乃旦反，卦內同鄭云蒙猶遭也，一云蒙冒也）。文王以之（王肅云唯文王能用之鄭荀向作似之下亦然）。蒞（履二反，又律秘反）。蔽偽（本或作弊偽）。所辟（音避下同）。最逺（萬反，下逺難同）。逺遁（徒遜反）。匿形（女力反）。不遑（音皇）。夷於（如字子夏作睇鄭陸同云旁視曰睇亦作眱）。左股（音古馬王肅作般云旋也，日隨天左旋也，姚作右盤云自辰右旋入丑）。

The character "夷" in "明夷" is interpreted as "injury"; this hexagram is a wandering ghost hexagram of the Kan trigram. The "难" in "以蒙大难" is pronounced "nàn" as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation "乃旦反"; the same pronunciation is used within the hexagram. Zheng Xuan says "蒙" means "to encounter," while another interpretation is that "蒙" means "to be subjected to." The phrase "文王以之" is explained by Wang Su as meaning only King Wen could use this principle; in the versions by Zheng Xuan, Xun Shuang, and Xiang Xiu, it is written as "似之," and the same applies in the following text. The character "莅" is annotated with "履二反," pronounced "lì," and also "律秘反." The term "蔽伪" is sometimes written as "弊伪." The "辟" in "所辟" is pronounced "bì," meaning "to avoid," and the same pronunciation is used later. The "逺" in "最逺" is the same as "远," annotated as "万反," with the first character of the reverse-sounding annotation missing; the character is read as "yuàn," and the same pronunciation is used in "逺難." The "遁" in "逺遁" is annotated as "徒逊反," pronounced "dùn." The "匿" in "匿形" is annotated as "女力反," pronounced "nì." The "遑" in "不遑" is pronounced "huáng," same as "皇." "夷于" is read as the original character; in the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes," it is written as "睇," which Zheng Xuan and Lu Ji also use, explaining that "睇" means "to look sideways." It is also written as "眱." The "股" in "左股" is pronounced "gǔ," same as "古"; in the versions by Ma Rong and Wang Su, it is written as "般," meaning "to rotate," referring to the sun following the celestial body's left rotation; Yao Xin writes "右盘," meaning "to rotate to the right," referring to the movement from the Chen position to the Chou position.

用拯（拯救之拯注同文云舉也，鄭云承也，子夏作抍字林云抍上舉音承）。示行（示或作亦）。近難（附近之近下最近同）。疑憚（但旦反）。然後而免也（一本作然後乃獲免也）。南狩（手又反，本亦作守同）。去闇（羌呂反）。逆忤（五故反）。箕子之明夷（蜀才箕作其劉向云今易箕子作荄滋鄒湛云訓箕為荄詁子為滋漫衍無經不可致詰以譏荀爽）。為比（毗志反）。

The character 「拯」 in 「用拯」 is read as “zhěng,” the same as in 「拯救」; the commentary is the same. The 「说文解字」 explains it as “to lift up,” while Zheng Xuan explains it as “to bear.” The 「子夏易传」 uses 「抍,」 and the 「字林」 says 「抍」 means to lift upward, pronounced “chéng.” The character 「示」 in 「示行」 is sometimes written as 「亦」 in other editions. The character 「近」 in 「近难」 is read as “jìn,” the same as in 「附近,」 and the following 「最近」 is also read the same. The character 「惮」 in 「疑惮」 is annotated with the reverse-sounding character 「但旦反,」 which is read as “dàn.” The sentence 「然后而免也」 is in another edition written as 「然后乃获免也.」 The character 「狩」 in 「南狩」 is read as “shòu” with the reverse-sounding character 「手又反」; some editions write it as 「守,」 which has the same pronunciation. The character 「去」 in 「去闇」 is read as “qù” with the reverse-sounding character 「羌吕反.」 The character 「忤」 in 「逆忤」 is read as “wù” with the reverse-sounding character 「五故反.」 In the phrase 「箕子之明夷,」 the edition by Shu Cai writes 「箕」 as 「其」; Liu Xiang says the current edition of the 「周易」 writes 「箕子」 as 「荄滋」; Zou Zhan says 「箕」 should be interpreted as 「荄」 and 「子」 should be interpreted as 「滋,」 but this is without clear criteria and cannot be traced, which is a criticism of Xun Shuang’s interpretation. The character 「比」 in 「为比」 is read as “bì” with the reverse-sounding character 「毗志反.」

家人（文家居也，案人所居稱家爾雅室內謂之家是也，巽宮二世卦）。熾也（尺志反）。而行（下孟反，注皆同）。閒（馬云闌也，防也，鄭云習也）。中饋（巨愧反，食也）。嗃嗃（呼落反，又呼學反馬云恱樂自得貌鄭云苦之意荀作確確劉作熇熇）。嘻嘻（喜悲反，馬云聲鄭云驕佚喜之意張作嬉嬉陸作喜喜）。之長（丁丈反）。以近（附近之近）。王假（更白反，注同至也，鄭云登也，徐古雅反馬云大也）。

The term 「家人」is explained in the Shuo Wen Jie Zi as referring to a place where one resides; according to the Erya, the interior of a house is called a family, which is the meaning here. This hexagram is the second generation hexagram of the Xun trigram. The term 「炽」in 「炽也」is annotated with the reverse-sounding character 「尺志反」, which is read as chi. The term 「行」in 「而行」is annotated with 「下孟反」, read as xing, and the annotations are the same. The term 「闲」is interpreted by Ma Rong as a fence or as prevention, and by Zheng Xuan as practice. The term 「馈」in 「中馈」is annotated with 「巨愧反」, read as kui, and is interpreted as food. The term 「嗃嗃」is annotated with 「呼落反」, read as he, and also with 「呼学反」. Ma Rong says it refers to a joyful and contented appearance, while Zheng Xuan says it contains an element of suffering. Xun Shuang writes it as 「确确」, and Liu Wan writes it as 「熇熇」. The term 「嘻嘻」is annotated with 「喜悲反」, read as xi. Ma Rong says it refers to laughter, while Zheng Xuan says it refers to arrogance and joy. Zhang氏 writes it as 「嬉嬉」, and Lu Ji writes it as 「喜喜」. The term 「之长」is annotated with 「丁丈反」, read as zhang. The term 「以近」is read as 「近」, meaning nearby. The term 「王假」is annotated with 「更白反」, read as ge, and the annotations are the same, meaning to arrive; Zheng Xuan interprets it as ascending; Xu Miao reads it as jiǎ, and Ma Rong interprets it as great.

睽（苦圭反，馬鄭王肅徐呂忱並音圭序卦云乖也，雜卦云外也，文云目不相視也，艮宮四世卦）。而上（時掌反，下上行同）。同行（如字王肅遐孟反）。而（音恱）。喪馬（息浪反，注同）。自復（音服注同）。必顯（一本作必類下相顯亦然）。可援（於眷反，下得援同又音）。以闢（音避）。於巷（戸絳反，文云裡中道也，廣雅云居也，字書作衖）。曳（以制反）。掣（昌逝反，鄭作㸷云牛角皆踴曰㸷徐市制反文作觢之世反云角一俯一仰子夏作傳云一角仰也，荀作觭劉本從文解依鄭）。

The annotation for 「睽」is 「苦圭反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced kuí; Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Wang Su, Xu Miao, and Lü Chen all pronounced it as 「guī」. In the 「Xugua Zhuan」, it is explained as 「guai wei」, meaning to be at odds; in the 「Zagua Zhuan」, it is explained as 「wai」; and in the 「Shuowen Jiezi」, it is said to mean that the two eyes cannot look at each other. This hexagram is the fourth generation hexagram of the Gen palace. The 「shang」in 「er shang」is pronounced 「shang」, as indicated by 「shi zhang fan」; the same pronunciation applies to 「shang xing」later on. 「Tong xing」is read as the original character; Wang Su pronounced it as 「xia meng fan」. The first character of the next entry is missing, and the annotation says 「yin yue」, which is pronounced yue. The 「sang」in 「sang ma」is annotated as 「xi lang fan」, pronounced sang; the annotation is the same. The 「fu」in 「zi fu」is pronounced 「fu」, read as fu; the annotation is the same. 「Bi xian」is alternatively written as 「bi lei」in another version, and the same applies to 「xiang xian」later on. The 「yuan」in 「ke yuan」is annotated as 「yu juan fan」, pronounced yuan; the same pronunciation applies to 「de yuan」later on, and there is another pronunciation, but the character is missing. The 「bi」in 「yi bi」is pronounced 「bi」, read as bi. The 「xiang」in 「yu xiang」is annotated as 「hu jiang fan」, pronounced xiang; the 「Shuowen Jiezi」says it refers to a path within a neighborhood, the 「Guangya」explains it as residence, and the character book writes it as 「xiang」. The 「ye」is annotated as 「yi zhi fan」, pronounced ye. The 「che」is annotated as 「chang shi fan」, pronounced che; Zheng Xuan writes it as 「zhu」, explaining that when a cow's two horns are both raised, it is called 「zhu」; Xu Miao pronounces it as 「shi zhi fan」; the 「Shuowen Jiezi」writes it as 「zhi」, pronounced 「zhi shi fan」, explaining that it refers to one horn raised and the other lowered; the 「Zixia Commentary on the Changes」uses a variant character, and its explanation says that one horn is raised; Xun Shuang writes it as 「ji」; Liu Huan's version follows the 「Shuowen Jiezi」but explains it according to Zheng Xuan.

其人天（天剠也，馬云剠鑿其額曰天）。劓（魚器反，截鼻也，王肅作臲臲魚一反）。相比（毗志反，下同）。元夫（如字）。噬（市制反）。之弧（音胡弓也）。後（吐活反，注同一音始銳反）。之弧（本亦作壺京馬鄭王肅翟子作壺）。媾（古豆反）。恢（苦回反，大也）。詭（女委反，異也，戾也）。譎（古穴反，本亦作決詐也，乖也）。籲可（況於反）。四剠（其京反，文或作黥字）。

The term "天" in "其人天" refers to the黥刑, which is a form of punishment involving carving markings on the forehead. Ma Rong explained that this punishment is called "天" because it involves carving on the forehead. The term "劓" is annotated with "鱼器反," which is a reverse-sound annotation indicating the pronunciation yì, meaning to cut off the nose. Wang Su wrote "臲," which is pronounced "鱼一反." The term "比" in "相比" is annotated with "毗志反," pronounced bì, and the same pronunciation is used later. "元夫" is read as the original characters. "噬" is annotated with "市制反," pronounced shì. The term "弧" in "之弧" is pronounced "胡," which is hú, and it is explained as referring to a bow. The next character after "后" is missing, and it is annotated with "吐活反," pronounced tuō, with the same annotation, and another pronunciation is "始锐反." In some versions, "之弧" is written as "壺," and versions from Jing Fang, Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Wang Su, and Zhai Shi all use "壺." The term "媾" is annotated with "古豆反," pronounced gòu. "恢" is annotated with "苦回反," pronounced huī, and it means large. "诡" is annotated with "女委反," and there is suspicion that the first character of the reverse-sound annotation is incorrect; the pronunciation is guǐ, meaning different or deviant. "谲" is annotated with "古穴反," pronounced jué; some versions read it as "决"; it means deception or deviation. The term "吁" in "吁可" is annotated with "况于反," pronounced xū. The term "剠" in "四剠" is annotated with "其京反," pronounced qíng; the character is also found in the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" as "黥."

蹇（紀免反，及序卦皆云難也，王肅徐紀偃反兊宮四世卦）。以難（乃旦反，卦內及解卦皆同）。難解（音蟹上六注同）。未否（備鄙反）。知矣（音智初六注同）。得中（如字鄭云和也，又張仲反王肅云中適也，解卦同）。正邦（荀陸本作正國為漢朝諱）。冝待也（張本作冝時也，鄭本冝待時也）。逺害（萬反）。內喜（如字徐許意反猶好也）。來連（力善反，馬云亦難也，鄭如字遲久之意）。之長（直良反）。長難（丁丈反）。

The annotation for 「蹇」is 「纪免反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced jiǎn; both the hexagram statement and the 「Sequence of Hexagrams」explain it as difficulty. Wang Su and Xu Miao read it as 「纪偃反」. This hexagram is the fourth generation in the Dui palace. The 「difficulty」in 「to overcome difficulty」is read as nàn, with the reverse-sound annotation 「乃旦反」; the same pronunciation is used in the hexagram and its interpretation. The 「not yet blocked」in 「未否」is read as pǐ, with the reverse-sound annotation 「备鄙反」. The 「know」in 「知矣」is read as zhì, with the reverse-sound annotation 「智」; the same pronunciation is used in the annotation for the first line. 「To be in the center」is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan explains it as harmony and also reads it as zhòng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「张仲反」; Wang Su says 「center」means appropriate; the same is used in the interpretation of the hexagram. 「To govern the state」is written as 「正国」in the versions of Xun Shuang and Lu Ji, to avoid the taboo of the Han dynasty. 「Should wait」is written as 「冝时也」in Zhang's version and as 「冝待时也」in Zheng Xuan's version. The 「far」in 「逺害」is the same as 「远」, with the reverse-sound annotation 「万反」, but the first character of the reverse-sound has been lost, and the character is read as yuàn. 「Inner joy」is read as the original character; Xu Miao reads it as xì, with the reverse-sound annotation 「许意反」, meaning to like. The 「connected」in 「来连」is read as liǎn, with the reverse-sound annotation 「力善反」; Ma Rong also explains it as difficulty; Zheng Xuan reads it as the original character, taking it to mean delay. The 「long」in 「之长」is read as cháng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「直良反」. The 「long」in 「长难」is read as zhǎng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「丁丈反」.

解（音蟹序卦云緩也，震宮二世卦）。解之為義（音蟹下以解來復同）。濟厄（厄或作危）。曰解（音蟹自此盡初六注皆同）。坼（勑宅反，文云裂也，廣雅云分也，馬陸作宅云根也）。否結（備鄙反）。者亨（許庚反）。宥罪（音又京作尤）。盤結（歩丹反）。或有遇（遇或作過）。咎非其理也（一本無此八字）。所任（而鴆反）。斯解（佳買反）。之稱（尺證反）。失枉（紆往反）。

The character 「解」 is pronounced “xiè”; in the “Xugua Zhuan” it is explained as meaning “to relieve.” The 「解」 in 「解之为义」 is also pronounced “xiè,” and the same pronunciation applies to the following text 「以解来复.」 The character 「厄」 in 「济厄」 is sometimes written as 「危」 in other versions. The 「解」 in 「曰解」 is also pronounced “xiè,” and this pronunciation remains consistent from this point to the annotations on 「初六.」 The character 「坼」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「勑宅反,」 which is pronounced “chè.” In the “Shuowen Jiezi,” it is explained as “to split,” and in the “Guangya,” it is explained as “to divide.” Ma Rong and Lu Ji both interpret it as 「宅,」 meaning “root.” The 「否」 in 「否结」 is pronounced “pǐ” according to 「备鄙反.」 The 「亨」 in 「者亨」 is pronounced “hēng” according to 「许庚反.」 The 「宥」 in 「宥罪」 is pronounced “yòu,” and in Jing Fang’s version, it is written as 「尤.」 The 「盘」 in 「盘结」 is pronounced “pán” according to 「歩丹反.」 The character 「遇」 in 「或有遇」 is sometimes written as 「过」 in other versions. The phrase 「咎非其理也」 is absent in another version. The 「任」 in 「所任」 is pronounced “rèn” according to 「而鸩反.」 The 「解」 in 「斯解」 is pronounced “jiě” according to 「佳买反.」 The 「称」 in 「之称」 is pronounced “chèng” according to 「尺证反.」 The 「枉」 in 「失枉」 is pronounced “wǎng” according to 「纡往反.」

且乗（如字王肅繩證反）。柔邪（似嗟反）。自我致戎（本又作致寇）。解而（佳買反，注同）。拇（茂後反，陸云足大指王肅云手大指荀作母）。而比（毗志反）。維有解（音蟹注有解及象並下注為解之極同）。解難（佳買反）。用射（食亦反，下注同）。隼（荀尹反，毛詩草木鳥獸䟽云鷂）。髙墉（音容馬云城也）。將解（隹買反）。荒悖（布內反，象同）。以解（佳買反）。

The character 乗 in 「且乗」 is read as shèng, as in the pronunciation of the character itself; Wang Su reads it as shèng, with the reverse-slicing pronunciation shèng. The character 邪 in 「柔邪」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation jiā mǎi, meaning it is read as xié. In the phrase 「自我致戎」, some versions read it as 「致寇」. The character 解 in 「解而」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation jiā mǎi, meaning it is read as jiě, and the annotation is the same. The character 拇 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation mào hòu, meaning it is read as mǔ; Lu Jie says it refers to the big toe of the foot, while Wang Su says it refers to the big toe of the hand; Xun Shuang writes it as 母. The character 比 in 「而比」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation pí zhì, meaning it is read as bì. The character 解 in 「维有解」 is pronounced as xiè, meaning it is read as xiè; the annotation 「有解」, as well as the 「象传」 and the following annotations mentioning 「为解之极」, all use this pronunciation. The character 解 in 「解难」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation jiā mǎi, meaning it is read as jiě. The character 射 in 「用射」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation shí yì, meaning it is read as shè. The character 隼 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation Xun Yin, meaning it is read as sǔn; the 「毛诗草木鸟兽虫鱼疏」 says it refers to a hawk. The character 墉 in 「髙墉」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation róng, meaning it is read as yōng; Ma Rong explains it as a city. The character 解 in 「将解」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation zhuī mǎi, meaning it is read as jiě. The character 悖 in 「荒悖」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation bù nèi, meaning it is read as bèi; the 「象传」 uses the same pronunciation. The character 解 in 「以解」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation jiā mǎi, meaning it is read as jiě.

損（孫本反，虧減之義也，又訓失序卦云緩必有所失是也，艮宮三世卦）。曷（何葛反）。二簋（蜀才作軌）。用享（香兩反，下同蜀才許庚反）。上行（時掌反，凡上行皆同）。陰（音恱）。非長（丁丈反，下德長遂長同）。為邪（似嗟反）。能拯（拯救之拯）。大難（乃旦反）。二簋應（師如字舊應對之應）。偕行（音皆）。其分（扶問反）。徵（直升反，止也，鄭云猶淸也，劉作懲云淸也，蜀才作澄）。

The character 「损」is annotated as 「孙本反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced sǔn, meaning reduction or loss; the phrase 「缓必有所失」in the 「Xugua Zhuan」refers to this meaning. This hexagram is the third generation hexagram of the Gen palace. The character 「曷」is annotated as 「何葛反」, pronounced hé. The character 「簋」in 「二簋」is written as 「轨」in the version edited by Shu Cai. The character 「享」in 「用享」is annotated as 「香两反」, pronounced xiǎng, the same as below; Shu Cai reads it as 「许庚反」, which is hēng. The character 「上」in 「上行」is annotated as 「时掌反」, pronounced shǎng, and all instances of 「上行」are pronounced the same. The character 「阴」is followed by a missing character, annotated as 「音恱」, pronounced yuè. The character 「长」in 「非长」is annotated as 「丁丈反」, pronounced zhǎng, and the same pronunciation applies to 「德长」and 「遂长」below. The character 「邪」in 「为邪」is annotated as 「似嗟反」, pronounced xié. The character 「拯」in 「能拯」is pronounced as in 「拯救」, meaning rescue. The character 「难」in 「大难」is annotated as 「乃旦反」, pronounced nàn. The character 「应」in 「二簋应」is read as the character itself according to the commentary by Shi, but the old reading was as in 「应对」, meaning respond. The character 「偕」in 「偕行」is pronounced as 「皆」, meaning all, pronounced jiē. The character 「分」in 「其分」is annotated as 「扶问反」, pronounced fèn. The character 「征」is annotated as 「直升反」, pronounced chéng, meaning stop; Zheng Xuan says it is equivalent to 「清」, Liu Huan reads it as 「惩」, meaning clear; Shu Cai reads it as 「澄」, meaning clear.

忿（芳粉反）。窒（珍栗反，徐得悉反鄭劉作懫懫止也，孟作恎陸作）。欲（如字孟作浴）。巳事（音以，本亦作以虞作祀）。遄（市專反，速也，荀作顓）。復自（扶又反，九二注同）。以上（時掌反）。化淳（尚春反）。以離（力智反）。知者（音智）。以盡（津忍反）。上佑（音又，本亦作佑）。不制（一本作下制）。遂長（丁丈反）。尚夫（音符）。

The character 「忿」is annotated as 「芳粉反」, which is a reverse-slicing phonetic annotation, read as fèn. 「窒」is annotated as 「珍栗反」, read as zhì; Xu Maoyao reads it as 「得悉反」; Zheng Xuan and Liu Huan read it as 「懫」, which means to stop. Meng Xi reads it as 「恎」, and Lu Ji reads a variant form. 「欲」is read as the original character; in Meng Xi's version, it is written as 「浴」. The character 「巳」in 「巳事」is pronounced 「以」; some versions read it as 「以」, and Yu Fan reads it as 「祀」. 「遄」is annotated as 「市专反」, read as chuán, meaning quick; Xun Shuang reads it as 「颛」. The character 「复」in 「复自」is annotated as 「扶又反」, read as fù, and the annotation in Nine in the Second is the same. The character 「上」in 「以上」is annotated as 「时掌反」, read as shǎng. The character 「淳」in 「化淳」is annotated as 「尚春反」, read as chún. The character 「离」in 「以离」is annotated as 「力智反」, read as lì. The character 「知」in 「知者」is read as 「智」, read as zhì. The character 「尽」in 「以尽」is annotated as 「津忍反」, read as jǐn. The character 「佑」in 「上佑」is annotated as 「又」, read as yòu; some versions read it as 「佑」. 「不制」is read as 「下制」in another version. The character 「长」in 「遂长」is annotated as 「丁丈反」, read as zhǎng. The character 「夫」in 「尚夫」is annotated as 「符」, read as fú.

益（増長之名又以弘裕為義繫辭云益長裕而不設是也，巽宮三世卦）。民（音恱）。無疆（居良反，下同）。下下（上遐嫁反下如字注同）。渉難（乃旦反，下同）。天施（始豉反）。之處（昌預反，下其處同）。用享（香兩反，注同王廙許庚反）。用圭（王肅作用桓圭）。不為（於偽反）。不處（本或作不屆）。用費（芳貴反）。盡物（津忍反）。無厭（於鹽反）。莫和（胡臥反）。惡盈（烏路反）。偏辭（音篇孟作徧云周匝也）。

"Yi" means increase and is also associated with the meaning of being broad and generous; the "Great Treatise" says "Yi" means growth and abundance without constraint, which is exactly this meaning. This hexagram is the third generation hexagram of the Xun family. The character following "min" is missing, with the note "yin yue," read as yue. The character "jiang" in "wu jiang" is annotated with "ju liang fan" as a reverse-sound annotation, read as jiang, same in the following text. The two characters "xia xia," the first is read as "xia jia fan" meaning xià, the second is read as the original character, same in the annotation. The character "nan" in "shè nan" is annotated with "nian dan fan" read as nàn, same in the following text. The character "shi" in "tian shi" is annotated with "shi chi fan" read as shì. The character "chu" in "zhi chu" is annotated with "chang yu fan" read as chù, same in the following "qi chu." The character "xiang" in "yong xiang" is annotated with "xiang liang fan" read as xiǎng, same in the annotation; Wang Yi reads it as "xu geng fan" meaning hēng. "Yong gui" in the text, Wang Su's version reads "yong huan gui." The character "wei" in "bu wei" is annotated with "yu wei fan" read as wèi. "Bu chu," some versions read "bu jie." The character "fei" in "yong fei" is annotated with "fang gui fan" read as fèi. The character "jin" in "jin wu" is annotated with "jin ren fan" read as jǐn. The character "yan" in "wu yan" is annotated with "yu yan fan" read as yān. The character "he" in "mo he" is annotated with "hu wo fan" read as hè. The character "e" in "wu ying" is annotated with "wu lu fan" read as wù. The character "pian" in "pian ci" is read as "pian," meaning "piān"; Meng Xi reads it as "bian," meaning "to be all around and encompassing."

周易下經夬傳第五夬（古快反，決也，坤宮五世卦）。剛幾（音祈）。坦然（他但反）。夬決（徐古穴反）。而（音恱注皆同）。齊長（丁丈反，除上六象並同）。則邪（似嗟反，下同）。斷制（丁亂反，注同）。澤上（時掌反，注同）。以施（始豉反，注同）。壯於（側亮反）。前趾（荀作止）。惕（勑歷反，荀翟作錫云賜也）。號（戶羔反，注及下同鄭王廙音號）。莫夜（音暮注同鄭如字云無也，無夜非一夜）。號呼（火故反）。頄（求反，顴也，又音求又丘倫反翟云面顴頰閒骨也，鄭作頯頯夾面也，王肅音江氏音琴威反蜀才作仇）。若濡（而朱反）。有慍（紆運反，恨也，舊於問反）。

This passage begins with the title of the section "The Fifth Transmission of the Lower Book of Zhou Yi: Gua." The character "夬" is annotated as "guài," which is a reverse-sound annotation indicating the pronunciation, and it is explained as meaning "to decide"; this hexagram is the fifth in the Kun palace. The character "几" in "刚几" is pronounced "qí." The character "坦" in "坦然" is annotated as "tǎn," with the reverse-sound annotation "他但反." The character "决" in "夬决" is read as "jué" according to Xu Miao. The next heading is missing, but it is annotated as "yuè," and all the annotations are the same. The character "长" in "齐长" is annotated as "zhǎng," with the reverse-sound annotation "丁丈反," and it is the same except in the "Six at the Top" Image Commentary. The character "邪" in "则邪" is annotated as "xié," with the reverse-sound annotation "似嗟反," and it is the same in the following text. The character "断" in "断制" is annotated as "duàn," with the reverse-sound annotation "丁乱反," and the annotations are the same. The character "上" in "泽上" is annotated as "shǎng," with the reverse-sound annotation "时掌反," and the annotations are the same. The character "施" in "以施" is annotated as "shì," with the reverse-sound annotation "始豉反," and the annotations are the same. The character "壮" in "壮于" is annotated as "zhuàng," with the reverse-sound annotation "侧亮反." The character "趾" in "前趾" is interpreted by Xun Shuang as "止." The character "惕" is annotated as "tì," with the reverse-sound annotation "勑历反"; Xun Shuang and Zhai氏 interpret it as "锡," meaning "to give as a gift." The character "号" is annotated as "háo," with the reverse-sound annotation "户羔反," and the annotations and following text are the same; Zheng Xuan and Wang Yi pronounce it as "hào." The character "莫" in "莫夜" is annotated as "mù," meaning "evening," with the reverse-sound annotation "暮," and the annotations are the same; Zheng Xuan reads it as the original character, interpreting it as "wu," meaning "not," suggesting that it is not a specific night but a general statement. The character "呼" in "号呼" is annotated as "hù," with the reverse-sound annotation "火故反." The character "頄" is annotated as "qiu," with the reverse-sound annotation "求," and the first character of the reverse-sound annotation is missing; it is interpreted as the cheekbone, and it is also pronounced "qiu" or "qiu lun fan"; Zhai氏 says it refers to the bone between the cheek and jaw; Zheng Xuan writes it as "頯," explaining it as the area between the face; Wang Su has another pronunciation, but the character is missing; Jiang氏 reads it as "qin wei fan"; Shu Cai writes it as "chou." The character "濡" in "若濡" is annotated as "rú," with the reverse-sound annotation "而朱反." The character "愠" in "有愠" is annotated as "yùn," with the reverse-sound annotation "纡运反," meaning "resentment"; the old pronunciation was "yu wen fan."

面權（如字字書作觀）。棄夫（本亦作去羌呂反）。情累（劣偽反）。臀（徐徒敦反）。次（本亦作趑或作文及鄭作趀同七私反注下同馬云郄行不前也，文倉卒也，下卦放此）。且（本亦作趄或作跙同七餘反注及下同馬云語助也，王肅云趑趄行止之礙也，下卦放此）。牽羊（苦年反，子夏作掔）。抵（丁禮反，本又作抵音同或作羝丁啼反）。很（胡懇反）。莧（閒辯反，三家音胡練反，一本作莞華板反）。陸（如字馬鄭云莧陸商陸也，宋衷云莧莧菜也，陸商陸也，虞云莧蕢也，陸商也，蜀才作睦睦親也，通也）。柔脆（七歳反）。至易（以豉反）。最比（毗志反）。號咷（徒刀反）。

"Face" is written as "面权" as the character is read; the character book writes it in another form. "Discard" in "弃夫" is sometimes written as "去" in some editions, read as "qù" (Qianglü pinyin). "Emotional burden" in "情累" is read as "lèi" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "lüè wèi fǎn". "Buttock" is read as "tún" (Tudun pinyin) by Xu Miao. "Next" is sometimes written as "趑" or another variant; the "Shuowen Jiezi" (Sayings of the Master) and Zheng Xuan write it as "趀", both read as "zī" (Qisī pinyin), same as the annotations and the following text; Ma Rong says it means to hesitate, and the "Shuowen Jiezi" explains it as a rush; the lower trigram follows this example. "And" is sometimes written as "趄" or "跙", both read as "jū" (Qiyu pinyin), same as the annotations and the following text; Ma Rong says it is a particle, and Wang Su says "zī jū" means being hindered in movement; the lower trigram follows this example. "Tie a sheep" in "牵羊" is read as "qiān" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "kǔ nián fǎn"; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" writes it as "掔". "Hit" is annotated as "dǐ" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "dīng lǐ fǎn"; some editions write it as "抵", with the same pronunciation; or as "羝", read as "dīng tí fǎn". "Very" is annotated as "hěn" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "hú kěn fǎn". "Bladderworts" is annotated as "xiàn" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "xián biàn fǎn"; three schools read it as "hú liàn fǎn"; another edition writes it as "莞", read as "huá bǎn fǎn". "Land" is written as the character itself; Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan say "xian lu" is "Shang Lu"; Song Zhong says "xian" is "xian" and "lu" is "Shang Lu"; Yu Fan says "xian" is "kui" and "lu" is "Shang cao"; Shu Cai writes it as "mu", explaining it as close and as connected. "Crisp" in "柔脆" is read as "cuì" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "qī suì fǎn". "Easy" in "至易" is read as "yì" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "yǐ chǐ fǎn". "Compare" in "最比" is read as "bì" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "pí zhì fǎn". "Crying" in "号咷" is read as "táo" with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "tú dāo fǎn".

姤（古豆反，薛云古文作遘鄭同序卦及皆云遇也，乾宮一世卦）。用娶（七喻反，本亦作取音同注及下同）。正乃（如字正亦作匹）。誥四方（李古報反鄭作詰起一反止也，王肅同）。柅（徐乃履反又女紀反廣雅云止也，文作檷云絡絲趺也，讀若暱字林音乃米反王肅作抳從手子夏作鑈蜀才作尼止也）。羸豕（劣隨反，王肅同鄭力追反陸讀為累）。蹢（直㦸反，徐治益反，一本作躑古文作）。

The character 「姤」is annotated as 「古豆反」, which is a reverse-sounding annotation, pronounced gòu; Xu Yu says the ancient text uses 「遘」, and Zheng Xuan agrees; both the 「Xugua Zhuan」and 「Zagua Zhuan」interpret it as 「meet」. This hexagram is the first hexagram of the Qian Palace. The character 「娶」in 「用娶」is annotated as 「七喻反」, pronounced qǔ; some versions use 「取」, which has the same pronunciation, and the annotations and following text are the same. The character 「正」in 「正乃」is read as the original character; 「正」is also written as 「匹」. The character 「诰」in 「诰四方」is read by Li Gui as 「古报反」, that is, gào; Zheng Xuan reads it as 「诘」, pronounced 「起一反」, meaning to stop, and Wang Su agrees. The character 「柅」is read by Xu Miao as 「乃履反」, that is, nǐ, and also as 「女纪反」; the 「Guangya」interprets it as to stop; the 「Shuowen Jiezi」writes it as 「檷」, saying it is a frame for winding silk, pronounced as 「昵」; the 「Zilin」pronounces it as 「乃米反」; Wang Su writes it as 「抳」with the hand radical, the 「Zixia Commentary on the Changes」writes it as 「鑈」, and Shu Cai writes it as 「尼」, all meaning to stop. The character 「羸」in 「羸豕」is annotated as 「劣随反」, pronounced léi, and Wang Su agrees; Zheng Xuan reads it as 「力追反」; Lu Ji reads it as 「累」. The character 「蹢」is annotated as 「直㦸反」, pronounced zhí; Xu Miao reads it as 「治益反」; another version uses 「踯」, and the ancient text uses another character form.

躅（直録反，本亦作䠱蹢躅不靜也，古文作）。牝（頻忍反）。豭（音家）。包有（本亦作庖同白交反下同鄭百交反虞云白茅苞之荀作胞）。利賓（如字）。擅人（市戰反）。逺民（萬反）。以（音起張云苟馬云大木也，鄭云柳也，薛云柳柔韌木也，並同）。包瓜（白交反，子夏作苞馬鄭百交反音工花反）。不舎（音舍下同）。所復（扶又反）。物爭（爭之爭下卦同）。

The character 「躅」is annotated as 「直録反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as zhú; some editions use 「䠱」instead. 「蹢躅」means wandering restlessly; in ancient texts it is another character form. 「牝」is annotated as 「频忍反」, read as pìn. 「豭」is pronounced like 「家」, read as jiā. The character 「包」in 「包有」, some editions use 「庖」, both read as 「白交反」, that is bāo, the same below; Zheng Xuan reads it as 「百交反」; Yu Fan says it refers to wrapping with white reeds; Xu Shuang reads it as 「胞」. 「利宾」is read as the original character. The character 「擅」in 「擅人」is annotated as 「市战反」, read as shàn. The character 「逿」in 「逿民」is the same as 「远」, annotated as 「万反」, the first part of the reverse-sound annotation is missing, the character is read as yuàn. The character following 「以」is missing, annotated as 「音起」, read as qǐ; Zhang氏 says it is 「苟」, Ma Rong says it refers to a big tree, Zheng Xuan says it refers to willow, Xue Yu says it refers to flexible trees like willow, all these interpretations are consistent. The character 「包」in 「包瓜」is annotated as 「白交反」, read as bāo; 「子夏易传」reads it as 「苞」; Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan read it as 「百交反」; 「瓜」is annotated as 「工花反」. The character 「舎」in 「不舎」is pronounced like 「舍」, same below. The character 「复」in 「所复」is annotated as 「扶又反」, read as fù. The character 「争」in 「物争」is read as the same as 「争斗」's 「争」, same as the lower trigram.

萃（在李反，及序卦皆云聚也，兊宮二世卦）。亨（王肅本同馬鄭陸虞等並無此字）。王假（更白反）。以（音恱下注皆同）。則邪（似嗟反）。孝享（香兩反）。聚以正（荀作取以正）。澤上（時掌反）。除戎器（如字，本亦作儲又作治王肅姚陸云除猶修治師同鄭云除去也，蜀才云除去戎器修行文德也，荀作慮）。若號（絶句戸報反馬鄭王肅王廙戶羔反）。一握（烏學反，氏作渥鄭云握當讀為夫三為屋之屋蜀才同）。

The annotation for 「萃」 says 「in Li's reverse」, which is a reverse-sounding annotation, pronounced cuì; both the Hexagram Statement and the Sequence of Hexagrams explain it as gathering. This hexagram is the second generation hexagram of the Dui hexagram. The character 「亨」 appears in Wang Su's version, but not in Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Lu Ji, Yu Fan, or other versions. The character 「假」 in 「王假」 is pronounced gé, as noted by 「geng bai fan」. The next annotation's initial character is missing, but it is annotated as 「yuè」, pronounced yuè, and the same pronunciation is used throughout the rest of the annotations. The character 「邪」 in 「则邪」 is pronounced xié, as noted by 「si jie fan」. The character 「享」 in 「孝享」 is pronounced xiǎng, as noted by 「xiang liang fan」. The phrase 「聚以正」 in Xun Shuang's version is 「取以正」. The character 「上」 in 「泽上」 is pronounced shǎng, as noted by 「shi zhang fan」. The character 「除」 in 「除戎器」 is read as the original character; some versions read it as 「储」 or 「治」; Wang Su, Yao Xin, Lu Ji say 「除」 means to repair or maintain, and this is also the view of Shi; Zheng Xuan explains it as removing; Shu Cai says it means removing weapons and cultivating literary virtue; Xun Shuang reads it as 「虑」. The phrase 「若号」 is divided with 「号」 read as hào, as noted by 「hu bao fan」; Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Wang Su, and Wang Yi read it as háo, as noted by 「hu gao fan」. The character 「握」 in 「一握」 is pronounced wò, as noted by 「wu xue fan」; some versions read it as 「渥」; Zheng Xuan says 「握」 should be read as the 「屋」 in 「夫三为屋」, and Shu Cai agrees.

至好（呼報反）。愞（乃亂反）。正（本亦作匹）。妃（音配）。禴（羊略反，殷春祭名馬王肅同鄭云夏祭名蜀才作躍劉作）。多僻（匹亦反）。以逺（萬反）。之省（生領反，下同）。以比（毗志反）。未光也（一本作志未光也）。齎（徐將池反王肅將啼反）。諮（音諮又將利反齎諮嗟嘆之辭也，鄭同馬云悲聲怨聲）。涕（徐音體）。洟（他麗反，又音夷鄭云自目曰涕自鼻曰洟）。

The character "好" in "至好" is pronounced hào, as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation "呼报反." The character "愞" is annotated "乃乱反," meaning it is pronounced nuò. The character following "正" is sometimes written as "匹" in other versions. The character "妃" is pronounced pèi, same as "配." The character "禴" is annotated "羊略反," meaning it is pronounced yuè, and refers to a spring sacrifice in the Yin dynasty; both Ma Rong and Wang Su agree with this. Zheng Xuan says it refers to a summer sacrifice; Shu Cai reads it as "跃," and Liu Huan reads it as a variant form. The character "僻" in "多僻" is pronounced pì, as indicated by "匹亦反." The character "逺" in "以逺" is the same as "远," annotated "万反," but the first character of the reverse-sounding annotation is missing, and the character is pronounced yuàn. The character "省" in "之省" is annotated "生领反," meaning it is pronounced shěng, and the same pronunciation is used later. The character "比" in "以比" is annotated "毗志反," meaning it is pronounced bì. Another version of "未光也" reads "志未光也." The character "赍" is pronounced jī by Xu Mai, as indicated by "将池反," and pronounced jiang ti by Wang Su. The character "咨" is pronounced "谘," which is also read as "将利反." "赍咨" is a term of exclamation; Zheng Xuan agrees with this. Ma Rong says it refers to a sound of sorrow or complaint. The character "涕" is pronounced tì by Xu Mai. The character "洟" is annotated "他丽反," meaning it is pronounced tì, and also pronounced "夷." Zheng Xuan says that tears from the eyes are called "涕" and tears from the nose are called "洟."

升（式陵反，序卦云上也，上音時掌反鄭本作升馬云髙也，震宮四世卦）。用見大人（本或作利見）。以順德（如字王肅同，本又作愼師同姚本德作得）。以髙大（本或作以成髙大）。允當（如字下同）。閒邪（似嗟反）。升虛（如字空也，徐去餘反馬云丘也）。用亨（許庚反，通也，馬鄭陸王肅許兩反馬云祭也，鄭云獻也）。岐山（其冝反，或祁支反）。攘來（如羊反）。冥（覓經反，闇昧之義也，注同又云日冥也）。則喪（息浪反）。

"Sheng" is annotated as "Shi Ling Fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as sheng; the "Xu Gua Zhuan" explains it as "Shang," which is annotated as "Shi Zhang Fan," meaning shang; Zheng Xuan's version is "Sheng," and Ma Rong explains it as "Gao." This hexagram is the fourth generational hexagram of the Zhen family. "Yong Jian Da Ren" is sometimes written as "Li Jian." "Yi Shun De" is read as is, and Wang Su agrees; some versions read it as "Shen," which is the same as the commentary by the master. Yao Xin's version reads "De" as "De." "Yi Gao Da" is sometimes written as "Yi Cheng Gao Da." "Yun Dang" is read as is, and the following text is the same. "Xian Xie" is read as "Xie," which is annotated as "Si Jie Fan," meaning xie. "Sheng Xu" is read as "Xu," meaning empty; Xu Miao reads it as "Qu Yu Fan," meaning qu, and Ma Rong explains it as "Qiu." "Yong Heng" is annotated as "Xu Geng Fan," meaning heng, meaning to be smooth; Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Lu Ji, and Wang Su read it as "Xu Liang Fan," meaning xiang, and Ma Rong explains it as "Ji," Zheng Xuan explains it as "Xian." "Qi Shan" is annotated as "Qi Yi Fan," meaning qi, or read as "Qi Zhi Fan." "Rang Lai" is annotated as "Ru Yang Fan," meaning rang. "Ming" is annotated as "Mi Jing Fan," meaning ming, meaning darkness, and the annotation is the same; there is another explanation meaning sunset. "Ze Sang" is annotated as "Xi Lang Fan," meaning sang.

困（窮也，窮悴掩蔽之義故云剛掩也，廣雅云困悴也，兊宮一世卦）。剛揜（本又作掩於撿反李於範反虞作弇）。以（音恱卦內同）。固窮（如字或作困窮非）。臀（徒敦反）。株木（張愚反）。幽谷（徐古木反）。不覿（大曆反，見也，注同）。獲拯（拯救之拯）。隱遯（徒困反）。數歳（色柱反，本亦作三歳）。困解（音蟹）。朱紱（音弗下同）。享祀（許兩反，注同）。難之（乃旦反）。不勝（音升）。豐衍（延善反）。蒺（音疾）。蔾（音棃蒺蔾茨草）。上比（毗志反）。焉得（於䖍反）。來徐徐（徐徐疑懼貌馬云安行貌子夏作荼荼翟同荼音圖云內不定之意王肅作余余）。

The character 「困」 is interpreted as ‘poverty’ or ‘distress,’ conveying the meaning of being in a state of hardship, exhausted, and obscured by others. Therefore, the Commentary on the Judgment says ‘the strong is concealed.’ The Guangya says 「困」 means ‘worn out.’ This hexagram is the first hexagram of the Dui (the Lake trigram) trigram. The character 「揜」 in 「刚揜」 is sometimes written as 「掩」 in other versions. 「于捡反」 is a reverse-sounding annotation, pronounced yǎn. Li Gui pronounces it 「于范反.」 Yu Fan uses 「弇.」 The first character of the next line is missing, and it is annotated as 「音恱,」 pronounced yuè, which is the same within the hexagram. 「固穷」 is read as written; some versions read it as 「困穷,」 which is incorrect. 「臀」 is annotated as 「徒敦反,」 pronounced tún. 「株 wood」 is 「株,」 annotated as 「张愚反,」 pronounced zhū. 「幽谷」 is 「谷,」 pronounced gǔ according to Xu Miao’s reading. 「不觌」 is 「觌,」 annotated as 「大历反,」 pronounced dí, meaning ‘to see,’ with the same annotation. 「获拯」 is read as 「拯,」 the same as in 「拯救.」 「隐遯」 is 「遯,」 annotated as 「徒困反,」 pronounced dùn. 「数歳」 is 「数,」 annotated as 「色柱反,」 pronounced shǔ; some versions read it as 「三歳.」 「困解」 is 「解,」 pronounced xiè. 「朱绂」 is 「绂,」 annotated as 「弗,」 pronounced fú, same in the following text. 「享祀」 is 「享,」 annotated as 「许两反,」 pronounced xiǎng, same in the annotation. 「难之」 is 「难,」 annotated as 「乃旦反,」 pronounced nàn. 「不胜」 is 「胜,」 annotated as 「升,」 pronounced shēng. 「丰衍」 is 「衍,」 annotated as 「延善反,」 pronounced yǎn. 「蒺」 is pronounced jí. 「蔾」 is pronounced lí; 「蒺蔾」 is a type of thorny plant. 「上比」 is 「比,」 annotated as 「毗志反,」 pronounced bì. 「焉得」 is 「焉,」 annotated as 「于䖍反,」 pronounced yān. 「来徐徐」 is a description of apprehension; Ma Rong interprets it as a description of walking calmly; the Zixia Commentary on the Changes reads it as 「荼荼,」 and Zhai Shi agrees, with 「荼」 pronounced 「图,」 meaning inner uncertainty; Wang Su reads it as 「余余.」

金車（本亦作金輿）。劓（徐魚器反）。刖（徐五刮反又音月荀王肅本劓刖作臲云不安貌陸同鄭云劓刖當為倪㐳京作劓劊案文劊斷也）。祭祀（本亦作享祀）。遐逺（本或作遐邇）。藟（力軌反，似葛之草，本又作虆毛詩草木䟽云一名巨荒似蘡薁連蔓而生幽州人謂之蓷虆）。臲（五結反，王肅妍喆反文作㓷牛列反薛同）。卼（五骨反，又音月文作云不安也，薛又作杌字同）。曰動悔（音越向云言其無不然）。令生（力呈反）。

"Gold carriage" is sometimes written as "gold carriage." The character "劓" is read by Xu Miao as "yu qi fan" which is yì. The character "刖" is read by Xu Miao as "wu gua fan," also pronounced "yue"; Xu Shuang and Wang Su's versions write "劓刖" as "niè wù," meaning an appearance of unease, which is also the reading of Lu Ji; Zheng Xuan says "劓刖" should be "ni qí"; Jing Fang writes it as "劓刽," according to the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi," "刽" means to cut off. "Worship" is sometimes written as "offer sacrifices." "Remote" is sometimes written as "near and far." "Lěi" is annotated as "li guǐ fan," which is a reverse-slicing pronunciation, read as lěi, referring to a type of climbing vine; some versions write it as "léi"; the "Mao Shi Cao Mu Shu" says it is also called "ju huang," similar to "yin yu," growing in clusters, and is called "tui lei" by people of Youzhou. "Niè" is annotated as "wu jie fan," read as niè; Wang Su reads it as "yan zhe fan"; the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" writes it as "zhi," read as "niu lie fan," which is also the reading of Xue Yu. "Wù" is annotated as "wu gu fan," read as wù, also pronounced "yue"; the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" writes it as a variant character, meaning unease; Xue Yu also writes it as "wu," which is the same character. The "says movement and regret" is read as "yue"; Xiang Xiu says this refers to the idea that there is no place where this is not the case. The "command to be born" is read as "ling," with the pronunciation "li cheng fan."

井（精領反，雜卦云通也，云養而不窮周書云黃帝穿井世本云化益作井宋衷云化益伯益也，堯臣廣雅云井深也，鄭云井法也，字林作井子挺反周云井以不變更為義師井以淸絜為義震宮五世卦）。無喪（息浪反）。汔（徐許訖反注同幾也，王肅音其乞反）。繘（音橘徐又居密反鄭云綆也，方言云關西謂綆為繘郭璞云汲水索也，又其律反又音述）。羸（律悲反，徐力追反下同蜀才作累鄭讀曰虆）。瓶（白經反）。幾至（音祈或音機）。而覆（芳福反）。而上水（時掌反，注及下注上水皆同）。

The character "井" is annotated as "精领反," which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced jǐng; in the "Zagua Transmission," it is explained as meaning "to connect," and the hexagram statement says it nourishes people without exhausting them; the "Zhou Shu" says the Yellow Emperor first dug a well, the "Shi Ben" says Hua Yi invented the well, and Song Zhong says Hua Yi is also Bo Yi, a minister of Emperor Yao; the "Guangya" says "井" means deep, Zheng Xuan says "井" means law; the "Zilin" provides another form, pronounced "子挺反"; Zhou Hongzheng says "井" signifies unchanging, and the commentary says "井" signifies cleanliness; this hexagram is the fifth generation hexagram in the Zhen palace. The character "丧" in "无丧" is annotated as "息浪反," pronounced sàng. The character "汔" is read by Xu Miao as "许讫反," that is qì, and the commentary agrees, explaining it as "nearly"; Wang Su pronounces it "其乞反." The character "繘" is pronounced "橘," that is jú; Xu Miao also pronounces it "居密反"; Zheng Xuan says "繘" is the rope for drawing water from a well, the "Fangyan" says in Guanxi they call the well rope "繘," Guo Pu says it is the rope used for drawing water; it is also pronounced "其律反" and also "述." The character "羸" is annotated as "律悲反," pronounced léi; Xu Miao pronounces it "力追反," and the same applies below; Shu Cai writes it as "累," and Zheng Xuan pronounces it as "虆." The character "瓶" is annotated as "白经反," pronounced píng. The character "几" in "几至" is pronounced "祈," or "机." The character "覆" in "而覆" is annotated as "芳福反," pronounced fù. The character "上" in "而上水" is annotated as "时掌反," pronounced shǎng, and the commentary as well as the annotations below all use the same pronunciation for "上水."

井養（如字徐以上反）。木上（如字師又時掌反）。以勞（力報反，注同）。勸相（息亮反，注同王肅如字）。井泥（乃計反，注及下同）。滓穢（側裡反）。不向（許亮反）。棄舎（音舍下文同）。井谷（古木反，又音浴）。射（食亦反，注同徐食夜反鄭玉肅皆音亦云厭也，荀作）。鮒（音附魚名也，子夏傳謂蝦蟇）。甕（屋送反，李於鍾反鄭作甕云停水器也，文作甕汲缾也）。敝（婢世反，王肅徐扶滅反）。溪谷（口啼反）。注下（章喻反，下同）。

"Jingyang" is read as written; Xu Miao reads it as "shang yi fan." "Mushang" is read as written; the master's explanation reads it as "shi zhang fan" which is shang. The "lao" in "yilao" is annotated with "li bao fan" which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as lao, and the annotation is the same. The "xiang" in "quanxiang" is read as "xi liang fan" which is xiang, and the annotation is the same; Wang Su reads it as written. The "ni" in "jinni" is read as "nì" with "naji fan," and the annotation and following text are the same. The "zi" in "zizhui" is read as "zi" with "ce li fan." The "xiang" in "buxiang" is read as "xiang" with "xu liang fan." The "she" in "qishesh" is pronounced as "she," and the following text is the same. The "gu" in "jinggu" is read as "gǔ" with "gu mu fan," and also pronounced as "yu." The "she" in the annotation is read as "she" with "shi ye fan," and the annotation is the same; Xu Miao reads it as "shi ye fan"; Zheng Xuan and Wang Su both pronounce it as "yi," meaning to be tired; Xun Shuang reads it as a variant. The "fu" in "fubu" is pronounced as "fu," and it is a type of fish; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" says it refers to a toad. The "weng" is read as "wèng" with "wu song fan"; Li Gui reads it as "yu zhong fan"; Zheng Xuan says it is a vessel for holding water; the "Shuowen Jiezi" says it is a bottle for drawing water. The "bi" is read as "bì" with "bi shi fan"; Wang Su and Xu Miao read it as "fu mie fan." The "xi" in "xixu" is read as "xī" with "kou ti fan." The "zhu" in "zhu xia" is read as "zhù" with "zhang yu fan," and the following text is the same.

而復（扶又反）。無與之也（一本作則莫之與也）。渫（息列反，徐又食列反黃雲治也）。心惻（初力反，文云痛也）。汲（音急）。停汙（音烏）。其行（下孟反，象並注皆同）。甃（側舊反，馬云為瓦裹下達上也，子夏傳云修治也，乾云以壘井曰甃字林云井壁也）。洌（音列絜也，文云水淸也，王肅音例）。不橈（乃孝反）。不食（如字又音嗣）。井收（徐詩救反又如字馬云汲也，陸云井乾也，荀作甃）。勿幕（音莫覆也，乾本勿作網）。

The character "复" in "而复" is pronounced "fù," as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "扶又反." Another version of "无与之也" is "则莫之与也." The character "渫" is annotated as "息列反," pronounced "xiè," while Xu Maio reads it as "食列反." Huang Ying explains it as "to treat." The character "恻" in "心恻" is pronounced "cè" as indicated by "初力反," and the "Shuo Wen" explains it as "pain." The character "汲" is pronounced "jí," as if "急." The character "污" in "停污" is pronounced "wū," as if "乌." The character "行" in "其行" is annotated as "下孟反," pronounced "xìng," and the "Image Commentary" includes the same annotation. The character "甃" is annotated as "侧旧反," pronounced "zhòu," while Ma Rong explains it as "to build with tiles from bottom to top." The "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" explains it as "to repair," Gan Bao says it refers to building a well with bricks and stones, and the "Zi Lin" says it refers to the well wall. The character "洌" is pronounced "liè," as if "列," and is explained as "clean." The "Shuo Wen" says it refers to clear water, and Wang Su pronounces it "li." The character "桡" in "不桡" is annotated as "乃孝反," pronounced "náo." The character "食" in "不食" is read as is, but can also be pronounced "sì." The character "收" in "井收" is annotated by Xu Maio as "诗救反," pronounced "shòu," and can also be read as is. Ma Rong explains it as "to draw water," Lu Ji says it refers to the fence on top of the well, and Xun Shuang explains it as "甃." The character "幕" in "勿幕" is pronounced "mò," as if "莫," and is explained as "to cover." In Gan Bao's version, the character "勿" is written as "网."

革（馬鄭云改也，坎宮四世卦）。樂成（音洛上六注同）。相息（如字馬云滅也，李斐注漢書同文作熄）。欲上（時掌反）。革而信之（一本無之字）。以（音恱注同）。鞏（九勇反，固也，馬同）。堅韌（仁震反）。行有（如字又下孟反）。相比（毗志反）。文炳（兵領反）。文蔚（音尉又紆弗反廣雅云茂也，敷也，文作斐）。

"Revolution" is interpreted by Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan as "change"; this hexagram is the fourth generation hexagram of the Kan hexagram. The "le" in "lecheng" is pronounced "luo" and read as le, with the annotation for the sixth line at the top being the same. "Xiangxi" is read as written; Ma Rong interprets it as "extinguish," and Li Fei's annotation in the "Book of Han" is the same. The "xi" in "xixi" is written as "xī" in the "Shuowen Jiezi." The "shang" in "yushang" is annotated with "shang" as the reverse pronunciation, read as shǎng. "Ge er xin zhi" in another version lacks the character "zhi." The first character of the next entry is missing, with the annotation "yin xue," read as yuè, with the annotation being the same. "Gong" is annotated as "jiu yong fan," read as gǒng, interpreted as "solid"; Ma Rong's interpretation is the same. The "ren" in "jinnian" is annotated as "ren zhen fan," read as rèn. "Xing you" is read as written, and also read as "xia meng fan," which is xìng. The "bi" in "bianbi" is annotated as "pi zhi fan," read as bì. The "bing" in "wenbing" is annotated as "bing ling fan," read as bǐng. The "wei" in "wenwei" is pronounced "wei," read as wèi, and also read as "yu fu fan"; the "Guangya" interprets it as "prosperous" or "spread," and the "Shuowen Jiezi" writes it as "fei."

鼎（丁冷反，法象也，即鼎器也，離宮二世卦）。革去（羌呂反，下皆同）。賢愚別（彼列反）。尊卑序（本亦作有別有序）。以木巽火亨（本又作亯同普庚反煑也，下及注聖人亨大亨亨飪亨者並同）。飪（入甚反，熟也，徐而鴆反）。以享（香兩反，注享上帝）。上行（時掌反）。凝（魚承反，嚴貌鄭云成也，翟作擬云度也）。顚（丁田反，倒也）。趾（音止）。利出（徐尺遂反或如字注及下同）。否（悲巳反，惡也，注及下同）。是覆（芳目反，下皆同）。趾倒（丁老反，下同）。

The character 「鼎」is annotated as 「丁冷反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced dǐng. It refers to the image of a vessel called a ding; this hexagram is the second generation hexagram of the Li trigram. The character 「去」in 「革去」is annotated as 「羌吕反」, pronounced qù, and is used similarly in the following text. The character 「别」in 「贤愚别」is annotated as 「彼列反」, pronounced bié. The phrase 「尊卑序」in some versions is written as 「有别有序」. The character 「亨」in 「以木巽火亨」is in some versions written as 「亯」, and is pronounced pēng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「普庚反」. This pronunciation is also used for 「亨」in the following text and annotations, such as 「圣人亨」「大亨」「亨饪」「亨者」. The character 「饪」is annotated as 「入甚反」, pronounced rèn, meaning cooked; Xu Xiu reads it as 「而鸩反」. The character 「享」in 「以享」is annotated as 「香两反」, pronounced xiǎng, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotation 「享上帝」. The character 「上」in 「上行」is annotated as 「时掌反」, pronounced shǎng. The character 「凝」is annotated as 「鱼承反」, pronounced níng, meaning solemn; Zheng Xuan interprets it as completed; Zhai氏 interprets it as 「拟」, meaning measure. The character 「顚」is annotated as 「丁田反」, pronounced diān, meaning overturned. The character 「趾」is pronounced 「止」, read as zhǐ. The character 「出」in 「利出」is read by Xu Xiu as 「尺遂反」, but it can also be read as the original character, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotations and following text. The character 「否」is annotated as 「悲巳反」, pronounced pǐ, meaning evil; the same pronunciation is used in the annotations and following text. The character 「覆」in 「是覆」is annotated as 「芳目反」, pronounced fù, and is used similarly in the following text. The character 「倒」in 「趾倒」is annotated as 「丁老反」, pronounced dǎo, and is used similarly in the following text.

以為（於偽反，下體為同）。未悖（必內反，逆也）。我仇（音求匹也，鄭云怨耦曰仇）。可復（扶又反，下同）。其行（下孟反，注同）。塞（悉則反）。雉膏（如字鄭云雉膏食之美者）。折足（之舌反，注同）。餗（送鹿反，虞云八珍之具也，馬云䭈也，䭈音之然反鄭云菜也）。形渥（於角反，沾也，鄭作剭音屋）。且施（始豉反）。所盛（音成）。知小（音智）。金鉉（典反，徐又古反又古冥反一音古螢反馬云鉉扛鼎而舉之也）。用勁（古政反）。

The character "为" in "以为" is pronounced "wèi", as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "于伪反". The same pronunciation applies to "体为" later. The character "悖" in "未悖" is pronounced "bèi", as indicated by "必内反", meaning "reverse". The character "仇" in "我仇" is pronounced "qiú", meaning "match" or "pair"; Zheng Xuan says that a spouse who causes resentment is called "仇". The character "复" in "可复" is pronounced "fù", as indicated by "扶又反", with the same pronunciation later. The character "行" in "其行" is pronounced "xìng", as indicated by "下孟反", with the same annotation later. The character "塞" is annotated as "悉则反", pronounced "sè". "雉膏" is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan says that "雉膏" refers to a delicious food. The character "折" in "折足" is pronounced "zhé", as indicated by "之舌反", with the same annotation later. The character "餗" is annotated as "送鹿反", pronounced "sù"; Yu Fan says it refers to one of the eight delicacies, Ma Rong says it is "䭈", pronounced "之然反"; Zheng Xuan says it refers to a dish. The character "渥" in "形渥" is pronounced "wò", as indicated by "于角反", meaning "wet" or "damp"; Zheng Xuan writes it as "剭", pronounced "屋". The character "施" in "且施" is pronounced "shì", as indicated by "始豉反". The character "盛" in "所盛" is pronounced "cheng", as indicated by "成". The character "知" in "知小" is pronounced "zhì", as indicated by "智". The character "鉉" in "金鉉" has the first character of the reverse-slicing annotation missing, only "典反" remains, so it is read as "xuàn"; Xu Miao provides two pronunciations, one with the second character of the reverse-slicing annotation missing, read as "古冥反", and another as "古螢反"; Ma Rong says "鉉" refers to the tool used to lift a cauldron. The character "劲" in "用劲" is pronounced "jìng", as indicated by "古政反".

震（止愼反，動也，入純卦象雷）。以成（成亦作盛）。虩（許逆反，馬云恐懼貌鄭同荀作愬愬）。言（言亦作語下同）。啞啞（烏客反，馬云聲鄭云樂也）。怠（本又作殆）。惰（徒臥反，下同）。解慢（佳賣反，下同）。恐致（曲勇反，下文注皆同）。不喪（息浪反，卦內並同）。匕（必以反）。鬯（勑亮反，香酒）。堪長（丁丈反）。已出（音紀）。洊（在薦反，徐又在悶反）。億（本又作噫同於其反辭也，六五同鄭於力反云十萬曰億）。

The character "震" is annotated as "止愼反," which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced zhèn, and is explained as meaning movement; this trigram is one of the eight pure trigrams, symbolizing thunder. The character "成" in "以成" is also written as "盛." The character "虩" is annotated as "许逆反," pronounced xì; Ma Rong explains it as the appearance of fear, which Zheng Xuan agrees with; Xun Shuang explains it as "愬愬." In the entry for "言," the character "言" is also written as "语," and the same applies in the following text. The character "哑哑" is annotated as "乌客反," pronounced è; Ma Rong explains it as laughter, while Zheng Xuan explains it as joy. The character "怠" is sometimes written as "殆." The character "惰" is annotated as "徒卧反," pronounced duò, and the same applies in the following text. The character "解" in "解慢" is annotated as "佳卖反," pronounced xiè, meaning slackness, and the same applies in the following text. The character "恐" in "恐致" is annotated as "曲勇反," pronounced kǒng, and the same applies in the text and annotations. The character "丧" in "不丧" is annotated as "息浪反," pronounced sàng, and the same applies within the hexagram. The character "匕" is annotated as "必以反," pronounced bǐ. The character "鬯" is annotated as "勑亮反," pronounced chàng, and refers to the sacrificial wine used in rituals. The character "长" in "堪长" is annotated as "丁丈反," pronounced zhǎng. The character "已" in "已出" is pronounced "纪." The character "洊" is annotated as "在荐反," pronounced jiàn; Xu Mi also pronounces it "在闷反." The character "亿" is sometimes written as "噫," and both are pronounced "于其反," which is a speech particle, and the same applies to "六五"; Zheng Xuan pronounces it "于力反" and explains that ten thousand is called "亿."

喪（息浪反，注同荀如字）。貝（如字荀音敗）。躋（本又作隮子西反升也）。雖復（扶又反，上六注同）。蘇蘇（疑懼貌王肅云躁動貌鄭云不安也，馬云尸祿素餐貌）。無眚（生領反）。遂泥（乃計反，下同荀本遂作隊泥音乃低反）。困難（乃旦反）。索索（桑洛反，注及下同懼也，馬云內不安貌鄭云猶縮縮足不正也）。視（如字徐市至反）。矍矍（俱縛反，徐許縛反馬云中未得之貌鄭云目不正）。㛰媾（古豆反）。彼動故懼（故或作而）。

「丧」 is annotated as “xi lăng fǎn”, which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as sàng; the annotation is the same. Xun Shuang reads it as the original character. 「贝」 is read as the original character; Xun Shuang reads it as “bài”. 「跻」 is sometimes written as 「隮」 in some versions, read as “zi xi fǎn” that is jī, meaning to ascend. The 「复」 in 「虽复」 is annotated as “fú yòu fǎn”, read as fù; the annotation in the Six at the Top is the same. 「苏苏」 refers to the appearance of doubt and fear; Wang Su says it refers to restlessness, Zheng Xuan explains it as unease, and Ma Rong says it refers to being in a position without merit, idly occupying a post. 「无眚」 is annotated as “shēng lǐng fǎn”, read as shěng. 「遂泥」 is annotated as “nǎi jì fǎn”, read as nì, the same in the following text; Xun Shuang’s version has 「遂」 written as 「队」, and 「泥」 is read as “nǎi dī fǎn”. 「困难」 is annotated as “nǎi dàn fǎn”, read as nàn. 「索索」 is annotated as “sāng luò fǎn”, read as suǒ; the annotation and the following text are the same, meaning fear; Ma Rong says it refers to the appearance of inner unease, and Zheng Xuan says it is like being hesitant and unable to walk straight. 「视」 is read as the original character; Xu Miao reads it as “shì zhì fǎn”. 「矍矍」 is annotated as “jù fù fǎn”, read as jué; Xu Miao reads it as “xǔ fù fǎn”; Ma Rong says it refers to the appearance of not having achieved anything, and Zheng Xuan says it refers to eyes not being straight. 「㛰媾」 is annotated as “gǔ dòu fǎn”, read as gòu. The 「故」 in 「彼动故惧」 is sometimes written as 「而」 in some versions.

艮（根恨反，止也，鄭云艮之言很也，八純卦象山）。其背（必內反，徐甫載反）。相背（音佩下相背同）。否之（備鄙反）。令物（力呈反）。而強（其兩反）。姧邪（似嗟反）。敵應（應對之應又音膺）。其趾（如字荀作止）。腓（符非反，本又作肥義與咸卦同）。不承（音拯救之拯馬云舉也）。不快（苦夬反）。其限（馬云限要也，鄭荀虞同）。夤（引眞反，馬云夾脊也，鄭本作徐又音胤荀作腎云互體有坎坎為腎）。薫（許云反，荀作動云互體有震震為動）。器喪（息浪反）。

"Gen" is annotated as "Gen Hen Fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced as "gen," meaning "to stop." Zheng Xuan says "Gen" means "very harsh." This hexagram is one of the eight pure hexagrams, symbolizing a mountain. The character "bei" in "qibei" is read as "bei," with "bi nei fan" pronounced as "bei." Xu Miao reads it as "fu zai fan." The "bei" in "xiang bei" is pronounced "pei," read as "bei," and the same applies to the following "xiang bei." The "pí" in "pí zhi" is annotated as "bei bi fan," pronounced as "pi." The "ling" in "lingwu" is annotated as "li cheng fan," pronounced as "ling." The "qiang" in "er qiang" is annotated as "qi liang fan," pronounced as "qiang." The "xie" in "jia xie" is annotated as "si jie fan," pronounced as "xie." The "ying" in "di ying" is read as the "ying" in "dui ying," and also pronounced as "ying." The "zhi" in "qi zhi" is read as the original character; Xun Shuang reads it as "zhi." The "fei" is annotated as "fu fei fan," pronounced as "fei"; some versions read it as "fei," with the meaning similar to that of the Qian hexagram. The "cheng" in "bu cheng" is read as the "zheng" in "zhengjiu," and Ma Rong explains it as "to lift up." The "kuai" in "bu kuai" is annotated as "ku guai fan," pronounced as "kuai." The "xian" in "qi xian" is explained by Ma Rong as "the waist," and Zheng Xuan, Xun Shuang, and Yu Fan all agree. The "yin" is annotated as "yin zhen fan," pronounced as "yin"; Ma Rong says it refers to the meat between the spine; Zheng Xuan's version uses a variant character; Xu Miao also pronounces it as "yin"; Xun Shuang reads it as "shen," explaining that the interacting lines contain Kan, and Kan represents the kidney. The "xun" is annotated as "xu yun fan," pronounced as "xun"; Xun Shuang reads it as "dong," explaining that the interacting lines contain Zhen, and Zhen represents movement. The "sang" in "qi sang" is annotated as "xi lang fan," pronounced as "sang."

漸（捷撿反，以之前為義即階漸之道艮宮歸魂卦）。女歸吉也（王肅本還作女歸吉利貞）。善俗（王肅本作善風俗）。於乾（如字鄭云乾水傍故停水處陸云水畔稱乾毛傳詩云涯也，又云澗也，荀王肅云山間澗水也，翟云涯也）。則困於小子（本又作則困讒於小子）。於謗（博浪反）。讒諛（音㬰）。盤（畔乾反，山石之安也，馬云山中盤紆）。衎衎（苦旦反，馬云饒衍）。祿養（羊尚反）。

The character 「渐」 is annotated as 「捷捡反」, which is a reverse-sounding annotation, pronounced jiàn. The meaning is to proceed in order, representing the path of gradual progress; this hexagram is a returning soul hexagram of the mountain (Gèn) group. 「女归吉也」, in Wang Su's version, remains 「女归吉，利贞」. 「善俗」, in Wang Su's version, is written as 「善风俗」. 「于干」 is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan says 「干」 refers to a place where water stops beside a mountain, while Lu Ji says that the term for the bank of a river is called 「干」. Ma Hong's 「Poetry Transmission」 explains it as 「涯」, and also as 「涧」. Xun Shuang and Wang Su say it refers to a stream in the mountains, while Zhai Shi explains it as 「涯」. 「则困于小子」, some versions read 「则困谗于小子」. The character 「谤」 in 「于谤」 is annotated as 「博浪反」, pronounced bàng. The character 「谀」 in 「谗谀」 is annotated as 「㬰」, pronounced yú. The character 「盘」 is annotated as 「畔干反」, pronounced pán, referring to a stable place on a mountain or stone; Ma Rong says it refers to a winding path in the mountains. The term 「衎衎」 is annotated as 「苦旦反」, pronounced kàn; Ma Rong says it means broad and abundant. The character 「养」 in 「禄养」 is annotated as 「羊尚反」, pronounced yàng.

歡樂（音洛）。於陸（陸髙之頂也，馬云山上髙平曰陸）。孕（以證反，文云懷子曰孕弋甑反鄭云猶娠也，荀作乗）。復反（扶又反）。邪配（似嗟反）。合好（呼報反）。能間（間廁之間）。離群（力智反，鄭云猶去也）。桷（音角翟云方曰桷桷椽也，馬陸云桷榱也，文云秦曰榱周謂之椽齊魯謂之桷）。安棲（音西字亦作棲）。不累（劣偽反）。峩峩（五何反）。

The character "乐" in "欢乐" is pronounced "lè". The "陆" in "于陆" refers to the top of a high place; Ma Rong said that a flat and elevated area on a mountain is called "陆". The character "孕" is annotated with "以证反", pronounced "yùn"; the "说文解字" says that "孕" means to carry a child, pronounced "弋甑反"; Zheng Xuan said it means to be pregnant; Xun Shuang wrote it as "乗". The "复" in "复反" is annotated with "扶又反", a reverse slicing pronunciation, pronounced "fù". The "邪" in "邪配" is annotated with "似嗟反", pronounced "xié". The "好" in "合好" is annotated with "呼报反", pronounced "hào". The "间" in "能间" is pronounced as "间厕"’s "间". The "离" in "离羣" is annotated with "力智反", pronounced "lì"; Zheng Xuan said it means to leave. The character "桷" is pronounced "jué"; Zhai氏 said that a square beam is called "桷", and "桷" is the same as "椽"; Ma Rong and Lu Ji said "桷" is the same as "榱"; the "说文解字" said that in the state of Qin it is called "榱", in the state of Zhou it is called "椽", and in the states of Qi and Lu it is called "桷". The "栖" in "安栖" is pronounced "xī", and the character is also written as "栖". The "累" in "不累" is annotated with "劣伪反", pronounced "lèi". The "峩峩" is annotated with "五何反", pronounced "é".

歸妹（婦人謂嫁曰歸妹者少女之稱兊宮歸魂卦）。少女（詩照反，下皆同）。之稱（尺證反，下同）。為長（丁丈反，下皆同）。以（音恱後並同）。所歸妹也（本或作所以歸妹）。不樂（音洛）。妖邪（似嗟反）。知弊（婢世反）。以娣（大計反）。跛（波我反）。娣從（才用反，又如字）。眇（彌小反）。以須（如字待也，鄭云有才智之稱荀陸作嬬陸云妾也）。愆期（起䖍反，馬云過也）。遲（雉夷反，晚也，緩也，陸云待也，一音直兾反）。不正不應（本亦作無應）。有待而行也（一本待作時）。之袂（彌世反）。月幾（音機又音祈荀作旣）。承匡（曲亡反，鄭作筐）。刲（苦圭反，馬云刺也，一音工惠反）。

"The hexagram 'Gui Mei' refers to a woman's marriage, where 'Gui' means going out to marry, and 'Mei' refers to a young woman. This hexagram is a return to the trigram of Dui (Lake) in the palace of Dui. The term 'young woman' in 'young' is annotated with 'shao' (shào), as indicated by the reverse-slicing pronunciation 'shì jiē fǎn'. The term 'chēng' in 'called' is pronounced 'chèng', as noted by 'chǐ zhèng fǎn'. The term 'zhǎng' in 'long' is pronounced 'zhǎng', as indicated by 'dīng zhàng fǎn'. The first character of the next line is missing, but the annotation 'yīn huè' is given, which is pronounced 'yuè', and this pronunciation is used throughout. The phrase 'suo guī mei ye' is sometimes written as 'suo yǐ guī mei'. The term 'bu le' in 'not happy' is pronounced 'lè'. The term 'yao xie' in 'devil' is pronounced 'xié', as noted by 'sì jiē fǎn'. The term 'zhi bi' in 'knowing the drawbacks' is pronounced 'bì', as noted by 'bì shì fǎn'. The term 'yi di' in 'as a younger sister' is pronounced 'dì', as noted by 'dà jì fǎn'. The term 'bo' is annotated as 'bō wǒ fǎn', pronounced 'bǒ'. The term 'di cong' in 'younger sister follows' is pronounced 'zòng', as noted by 'cái yòng fǎn', and can also be read as the original character. The term 'miao' is annotated as 'mí xiǎo fǎn', pronounced 'miǎo'. The term 'yi xu' is read as the original character, meaning to wait; Zheng Xuan says it refers to a person of talent; Xun Shuang and Lu Ji interpret it as 'ru' (a servant), and Lu Ji says it refers to a concubine. The term 'qian qi' in 'delayed time' is pronounced 'qiān', as noted by 'qǐ jīn fǎn'; Ma Rong interprets it as 'exceeding'. The term 'chi' is annotated as 'zhì yí fǎn', pronounced 'chí', meaning late or slow; Lu Ji interprets it as waiting; another pronunciation is 'zhí mì fǎn'. The phrase 'bu zheng bu ying' is sometimes written as 'wu ying'. The phrase 'you de er xing ye' is sometimes written as 'shi de er xing'. The term 'zhi mei' in 'the sleeve' is pronounced 'mèi', as noted by 'mí shì fǎn'. The term 'yue ji' in 'moon almost' has the pronunciation 'ji' as 'ji' (machine) and also as 'qi'; Xun Shuang writes it as 'ji'. The term 'cheng kuang' in 'supporting the basket' is pronounced 'kuāng', as noted by 'qu wáng fǎn'; Zheng Xuan writes it as 'kuang'. The term 'kui' is annotated as 'kuī guī fǎn', pronounced 'kuī'; Ma Rong interprets it as 'to pierce'; another pronunciation is 'gōng hui fǎn'."

周易下經豐傳第六豐（芳忠反，字林匹忠反依字作豐今並三直畫猶是變體若曲下作豆禮字耳非也，世人亂之久矣及序卦皆云大也，案豐是腆厚光大之義鄭云豐之言倎充滿意也，坎宮五世卦）。王假（庚白反，至也，下同馬古雅反大也）。闡（昌善反）。而令（力呈反）。以徧（音遍）。則昊（如字孟作稷）。則食（如字或作蝕非）。則溢（本或作則方溢者非）。以折（之舌反，斷也，下及注同）。其配（如字鄭作妃云嘉耦曰妃）。雖旬（如字均也，王肅尚純反或音唇荀作均劉昞作鈞）。則爭（爭鬥之爭下皆同）。

This passage begins with the title of the sixth chapter of the lower part of the Zhou Yi, titled "Feng Transmission." The character "Feng" is annotated as "Fang Zhong Fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced as fēng. The "Zi Lin" reads it as "Pi Zhong Fan," and according to the character's form, it should be "Feng," but now the middle is written as three vertical strokes, which is a variant form. If the lower part is written in a curved way as "Dou," then it becomes "Feng" (a character related to rites), which is incorrect. The term "Feng" in the hexagram statement and the "Xugua Transmission" is interpreted as "great." According to the meaning of "Feng," it refers to being thick, full, and grand. Zheng Xuan says "Feng" means "full." This hexagram is the fifth generation hexagram of the Kan Palace. The character "Jia" in "Wang Jia" is annotated as "Geng Bai Fan," which is pronounced as gé, meaning "to arrive at," and the same applies below. Ma Rong reads it as "Gu Ya Fan," which is jiǎ, meaning "great." The character "Chan" is annotated as "Chang Shan Fan," pronounced as chǎn. The character "ling" in "er ling" is annotated as "Li Cheng Fan," pronounced as líng. The character "bian" in "yi bian" is pronounced as "bian," read as biàn. The character "zhe" in "zhe hao" is read as "zhe," pronounced as zhé, meaning "to break," and the same applies below and in the annotations. The character "pei" in "qi pei" is read as is. Zheng Xuan writes it as "fei," explaining that a beautiful spouse is called "fei." The character "xun" in "sui xun" is read as is, meaning "even." Wang Su reads it as "Shang Chun Fan," or "chun," and Xu Shuang writes it as "jun," Liu Bing writes it as "jun." The character "zheng" in "ze zheng" is read as "zheng dou," meaning "struggle," and the same applies below.

蔀（音部王廙同蒲戸反王肅普苟反畧例云大暗之謂蔀馬云蔀小也，鄭薛作菩云小席）。見斗（孟作見主）。曖（音愛）。鄣（音章又止尚反字又作障同）。斗見者（賢遍反，下不見同）。不邪（似嗟反）。沛（本或作旆謂幡幔也，又普貝反姚云滂沛也，王廙豐蓋反又補賴反徐普蓋反子夏作芾傳云小也，鄭乾作韋云祭祀之蔽膝）。沬（徐武蓋反又亡對反微昧之光也，字林作昧亡太反云斗杓後星王肅云音妹鄭作昧服虔云日中而昬也，子夏傳云昧星之小者馬同薛云輔星也）。肱（古弘反，姚作股）。幡（芳反）。

The character 「蔀」 is pronounced 「bù」, as in 「蒲戸反」, according to Wang Yì; Wang Sù reads it as 「普苟反」; Wang Bi in his 「Outline of the Zhou Changes」 refers to 「蔀」 as the great darkness; Ma Rong explains 「蔀」 as small; Zheng Xuan and Xue Yu write it as 「菩」, meaning a small mat. 「见斗」, in Meng Xi's version, is written as 「见主」. 「暧」 is pronounced 「ài」. 「鄣」 is pronounced 「zhāng」, also read as 「止尚反」; the character is also written as 「障」, which is the same. The 「见」 in 「斗见者」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「贤遍反」, read as 「xiàn」, and the same pronunciation applies to 「不见」 later. The 「邪」 in 「不邪」 is read as 「xié」 according to 「似嗟反」. 「沛」 is sometimes written as 「旆」, meaning a banner or curtain; it is also read as 「普贝反」; Yao Xin says it means flowing and abundant; Wang Yì reads it as 「丰盖反」, also as 「补赖反」; Xu Miao reads it as 「普盖反」; in the 「Commentary on the Changes by Zixia」, it is written as 「芾」, and the commentary explains it as small; Zheng Xuan and Gan Bao write it as 「韦」, meaning the garment worn during worship to cover the knees. The character 「沬」 is read by Xu Miao as 「武盖反」, also as 「亡对反」, referring to a faint light; the character is also written as 「昧」 in the 「Zi Lin」, read as 「亡太反」, meaning the star behind the handle of the Big Dipper; Wang Sù says it is pronounced 「妹」; Zheng Xuan writes it as 「昧」, Fu Qian says it refers to the darkness at noon; the 「Commentary on the Changes by Zixia」 says it refers to a small star among the dim stars; Ma Rong agrees; Xue Yu says it refers to the auxiliary star. The character 「肱」 is annotated as 「古弘反」, read as 「gōng」; Yao Xin writes it as 「股」. The character 「幡」 has the reverse-slicing annotation with the upper character missing, only the lower character 「芳」 remains, and the character is read as 「fān」.

幔（末半反）。以御（魚呂反）。微昧（音妹）。豐其屋（文作豐云大屋也）。窺（苦規反，李登雲小視）。（苦鵙反，徐苦鶂反一音苦馘反馬鄭云無人貌字林云靜也，姚作䦧孟作窒並通）。覿（徒歷反）。藏（如字）。（於鴆反）。其行（下孟反）。治道（直吏反，下同）。天際（如字鄭云當為瘵瘵病也）。翔（鄭王肅作祥）。翳光（烏細反）。自藏（如字眾家作戕慈羊反馬王肅云殘也，鄭云傷也）。有為（於偽反）。不出戸庭（此引節卦九二爻辭應云門庭作戸誤也，或云門戸通語）。

The character 「幔」is annotated as 「末半反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced as man. The character 「御」in 「以御」is annotated as 「鱼吕反」, pronounced as yu. The character 「昧」in 「微昧」is pronounced as 「妹」, read as mei. The phrase 「丰其屋」is explained in the 「Shuo Wen Jie Zi」as 「丰」, meaning a large house. The character 「窥」is annotated as 「苦规反」, pronounced as kui; Li Deng says it refers to looking through a small hole. The next entry's initial character is missing, annotated as 「苦鵙反」; Xu Miao reads it as 「苦鶂反」, another pronunciation is 「苦馘反」; Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan say it refers to a state of being alone, the 「Zi Lin」explains it as quiet; Yao Xin writes it as 「䦧」, Meng Xi writes it as 「窒」, both interpretations are acceptable. The character 「觌」is annotated as 「徒历反」, pronounced as di. The character 「藏」is read as is. The next entry's initial character is missing, annotated as 「于鸩反」, pronounced as yin. The character 「行」in 「其行」is annotated as 「下孟反」, pronounced as xing. The character 「治」in 「治道」is annotated as 「直吏反」, pronounced as zhi, the same pronunciation is used later. The character 「天际」is read as is; Zheng Xuan says 「际」should be 「瘵」, which means illness. The character 「翔」is interpreted by Zheng Xuan and Wang Su as 「祥」. The character 「翳」in 「翳光」is annotated as 「乌细反」, pronounced as yi. The character 「藏」is read as is; various scholars interpret it as 「戕」, pronounced as ciyang, Ma Rong and Wang Su explain it as destruction, Zheng Xuan explains it as injury. The character 「为」in 「有为」is annotated as 「于伪反」, pronounced as wei. The phrase 「不出戸庭」refers to the second line of the Jiu Er (Nine in the Second) of the Jie Guan (Hexagram of the Gate), originally it should be 「门庭」, but it is mistakenly written as 「戸庭」; some people say that 「门」and 「戸」are interchangeable terms.

旅（力舉反，羇旅也，序卦云旅而無所容雜卦云親寡旅是也，離宮一世卦王肅等以為軍旅）。特重（直用反）。物長（丁丈反）。而復（扶又反，六五注同）。令附（力呈反）。非知（音智）。瑣瑣（悉果反，或作璅字者非也，鄭云瑣瑣小也，馬云疲弊貌王肅云細小貌）。懷其資（本或作懷其資斧非）。喪（息浪反，卦內並下卦同）。為施（始豉反）。與萌（如字又音預）。得其資斧（如字子夏傳及眾家並作齊斧張云齊斧蓋黃鉞斧也，張晏云整齊也，應劭云齊利也，虞喜志林云齊當作齋齋戒入廟而受斧下卦同）。

The term 「旅」is annotated as 「力举反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced lǚ, meaning to be away from home; the 「Sequence of Hexagrams」 says that traveling without a place to stay is travel, and the 「Miscellaneous Hexagrams」 says that when relatives are few, it is travel, which is the meaning here; this hexagram is the first in the Li hexagram group. Wang Su and others consider it to be about military travel. The 「重」in 「特重」is read as zhòng according to 「直用反」. The 「长」in 「物长」is read as zhǎng according to 「丁丈反」. The 「复」in 「而复」is read as fù according to 「扶又反」, and the annotation for line six in the fifth is the same. The 「令」in 「令附」is read as líng according to 「力呈反」. The 「知」in 「非知」is pronounced as 「智」, read as zhì. The term 「琐琐」is annotated as 「悉果反」, read as suǒ; some versions write it as 「璅」, which is incorrect; Zheng Xuan says 「琐琐」means small, Ma Rong says it refers to being weary, and Wang Su says it refers to being small. The term 「怀其资」is sometimes written as 「怀其资斧」, which is incorrect. The term 「丧」is annotated as 「息浪反」, read as sàng, and it is the same in the hexagram and the lower trigram. The term 「为施」is read as shì according to 「始豉反」. The term 「与」in 「与萌」is read as the original character, but also pronounced as 「预」. The term 「得其资斧」is read as the original character; the 「Zixia Commentary on the Changes」 and other commentaries say 「齐斧」, Zhang Shi says 「齐斧」probably refers to the yellow axe, Zhang Yan explains it as being neat, Ying Shao explains it as being well-ordered; Yu Xi's 「Zhi Lin」says 「齐」should be 「斋」, meaning to perform a ritual fast and receive the axe; the lower trigram is the same.

不快（苦夬反）。斫（諸若反）。平坦（吐但反）。射雉（食亦反，注同）。而上（時掌反）。上逮（音代一音大計反）。號（戸羔反）。咷（道羔反）。於易（以豉反，注同王肅音亦）。所嫉（音疾字林音自，本亦作疾下同）。其義焚也（馬云義冝也，一本作冝其焚也）。喪牛之凶（本亦作喪牛于易）。

The character 「快」 in 「不快」 is pronounced kuài, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation 「苦夬反.」 The character 「斫」 is annotated as 「诸若反,」 pronounced zhuó. The character 「坦」 in 「平坦」 is annotated as 「吐但反,」 pronounced tǎn. The character 「射」 in 「射雉」 is annotated as 「食亦反,」 pronounced shè, with the same annotation. The character 「上」 in 「而上」 is annotated as 「时掌反,」 pronounced shǎng. The character 「逮」 in 「上逮」 is pronounced 「代,」 as in dài, with another pronunciation 「大计反.」 The character 「号」 is annotated as 「戸羔反,」 pronounced háo. The character 「咷」 is annotated as 「道羔反,」 pronounced táo. The character 「易」 in 「于易」 is annotated as 「以豉反,」 pronounced yì, with the same annotation; Wang Su’s pronunciation is 「亦.」 The character 「嫉」 in 「所嫉」 is pronounced 「疾,」 as in jí; the “Zilin” dictionary pronounces it 「自」; some editions read it as 「疾,」 as in the following text. The phrase 「其义焚也」 is interpreted by Ma Rong as 「义」 meaning 「宜」; another edition reads 「冝其焚也.」 The phrase 「丧牛之凶」 is read in some editions as 「丧牛于易.」

巽（孫問反，入也，廣雅云順也，八純卦象風象木）。巽弟（大計反，本亦作悌）。重巽（直龍反）。齊邪（似嗟反，下並下卦同）。志治（直吏反）。紛（芳云反，廣雅云眾也，喜也，一云盛也）。而復（扶又反，下同）。神祇（祁支反）。頻顣（乾寂反，又子六反此同鄭意）。不樂（音洛）。逺不（萬反）。之庖（歩交反）。先庚（西薦反，注同）。後庚（胡豆反）。卒以（寸忽反，下同）。不（字又作恱同）。先申（音身或作甲字非）。以斷（丁亂反，下同）。

The character 「巽」 is annotated as 「孙问反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced xùn, and is explained as entering; 《广雅》 explains it as meaning 'to follow'. This trigram is one of the eight pure trigrams, symbolizing wind and wood. The character 「弟」 in 「巽弟」 is annotated as 「大计反」, pronounced tì; some versions of the text use 「悌」 instead. The character 「重」 in 「重巽」 is annotated as 「直龙反」, pronounced chóng. The character 「邪」 in 「齐邪」 is annotated as 「似嗟反」, pronounced xié, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text and the lower trigram. The character 「治」 in 「志治」 is annotated as 「直吏反」, pronounced zhì. The character 「纷」 is annotated as 「芳云反」, pronounced fēn; 《广雅》 explains it as meaning 'many', 'joy', or 'abundance'. The character 「复」 in 「而复」 is annotated as 「扶又反」, pronounced fù, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character 「祇」 in 「神祇」 is annotated as 「祁支反」, pronounced qí. The character 「顣」 in 「频顣」 is annotated as 「干寂反」, which is also read as 「子六反」, pronounced cù, and this pronunciation aligns with Zheng Xuan's interpretation. The character 「乐」 in 「不乐」 is pronounced 'luò', read as lè. The character 「逿」 in 「逿不」 is the same as 「远」, annotated as 「万反」, but the first character of the reverse-sound annotation is missing; the character is read as yuàn. The character 「庖」 in 「之庖」 is annotated as 「歩交反」, pronounced páo. The character 「先」 in 「先庚」 is annotated as 「西荐反」, pronounced xiàn, and the annotation is the same. The character 「后」 in 「后庚」 is annotated as 「胡豆反」, pronounced hòu. The character 「卒」 in 「卒以」 is annotated as 「寸忽反」, pronounced cù, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The next entry has a missing character after 「不」, which is also written as 「恱」, and is the same. The character 「申」 in 「先申」 is pronounced 'shēn'; some versions write it as the character 「甲」, which is incorrect. The character 「断」 in 「以断」 is annotated as 「丁乱反」, pronounced duàn, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text.

兊（徒外反，恱也，八純卦象澤）。兊（音恱卦內並同）。以先（西薦反，又如字）。犯難（乃旦反）。麗澤（如字麗連也，鄭作離云猶並也）。黨繫（本亦作繫）。商兊（如字商商量也，鄭云隱度也）。介疾（音界隔也，馬云大也）。將近（附近之近）。比於（毗志反）。道長（丁丈反）。

"De" is the same as "Dui," with the annotation "tu wai fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced duì, meaning joy; this hexagram is one of the eight pure hexagrams, symbolizing a marsh. Another pronunciation of "De" is "Hue," pronounced yuè, and the same applies within the hexagram. "Xian" in "Yixian" is pronounced "Xian," with the annotation "xi jian fan," read as xiàn, or it can be read as the character itself. "Nan" in "Fan nan" is pronounced "Nan," with the annotation "nian dan fan," read as nàn. "Li ze" is read as the character itself, with "Li" meaning to connect; Zheng Xuan interprets it as "Li," meaning to be side by side. "Dang xi" in "Dang xi" uses the character "xi," which in some versions is written as another "xi." "Shang de" is read as the character itself, with "Shang" meaning to discuss; Zheng Xuan interprets it as secretly considering. "Jie ji" in "Jie ji" has "Jie" pronounced "Jie," read as jiè, meaning to separate; Ma Rong interprets it as great. "Jin jin" in "Jin jin" is read as "near," similar to "nearby." "Bi yu" in "Bi yu" has "Bi" pronounced "Bi," read as bì. "Dao chang" in "Dao chang" has "Chang" pronounced "Chang," read as zhǎng.

渙（呼亂反，散也，序卦云離也，離宮五世卦）。王假（庚白反，下同梁武帝音賈）。而上（如字又時掌反）。之難（乃旦反，卦內同）。之累（劣偽反）。享於（香兩反）。用拯（拯救之拯馬云舉也，伏曼容云濟也，王肅云拔也，子夏作抍抍取也）。以逝（逝又作遊）。厄劇（本又作危處又作厄處）。逃竄（七亂反）。險爭（爭之爭）。機（音幾）。有丘（姚作有近）。匪夷（荀作匪弟）。丘墟（去魚反）。渙汗（下旦反）。以蕩（徒黨反）。險阨（於隔反）。以假（古雅反）。逖（湯歷反）。血去（羌呂反）。最逺（萬反，下於逺象逺害並同）。不近（附近之近）。

The annotation 「涣」 is 「呼乱反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as huàn, meaning to scatter; the 「序卦传」 explains it as separation; this hexagram is the fifth generation hexagram of the fire trigram. The 「假」 in 「王假」 is read as gé, with the same pronunciation in the following text; the pronunciation of Liang Wudi is 「贾」. 「而上」 is read as the original character, and also read as shǎng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「时掌反」. The 「难」 in 「之难」 is read as nàn, with the reverse-sound annotation 「乃旦反」, and the same pronunciation within the hexagram. The 「累」 in 「之累」 is read as lèi, with the reverse-sound annotation 「劣伪反」. The 「享」 in 「享于」 is read as xiǎng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「香两反」. The 「拯」 in 「用拯」 is read as the same as 「拯救」; Ma Rong explains it as to lift up, Fu Manrong explains it as to save, Wang Su explains it as to rescue; the 「子夏易传」 reads it as 「抍」, which means to take. The 「逝」 in 「以逝」 is also read as 「游」. 「厄剧」, some versions read it as 「危处」, and also as 「厄处」. The 「窜」 in 「逃窜」 is read as cuàn, with the reverse-sound annotation 「七乱反」. The 「争」 in 「险争」 is read as the same as 「争斗」. The 「机」 is read as 「几」, pronounced jī. 「有丘」, in Yao Xin's version, it is read as 「有近」. 「匪夷」, in Xun Shuang's version, it is read as 「匪弟」. The 「墟」 in 「丘墟」 is read as xū, with the reverse-sound annotation 「去鱼反」. The 「汗」 in 「涣汗」 is read as hàn, with the reverse-sound annotation 「下旦反」. The 「荡」 in 「以荡」 is read as dàng, with the reverse-sound annotation 「徒党反」. The 「阨」 in 「险阨」 is read as è, with the reverse-sound annotation 「于隔反」. The 「假」 in 「以假」 is read as jiǎ, with the reverse-sound annotation 「古雅反」. The 「逖」 is annotated as 「汤历反」, read as tì. The 「去」 in 「血去」 is read as qù, with the reverse-sound annotation 「羌吕反」. The 「逺」 in 「最逺」 is the same as 「远」, annotated as 「万反」, the first character of the reverse-sound has been lost, the character is read as yuàn, and the following text 「於逺」 as well as the 「象传」 「逺害」 are all read the same. The 「近」 in 「不近」 is read as the same as 「附近」.

節（薦絜反，止也，明禮有制度之名一云分段支節之義坎宮一世卦）。男女別（彼列反）。復正（扶又反）。以（音恱注同）。澤上有水（上或作中今不用）。德行（下孟反，下注同）。故匿（女力反）。所怨（紆萬反，又紆元反）。

The character 「节」is annotated as 「荐絜反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced jié. Its meaning is to stop or cease, signifying the clarity and establishment of ritual systems; another interpretation takes it to mean the segmentation of limbs and joints. This hexagram belongs to the first hexagram of the Kan palace. The character 「别」in 「男女别」is annotated as 「彼列反」, pronounced bié. The character 「复」in 「复正」is annotated as 「扶又反」, pronounced fù. The next annotation's initial character is missing, but it is annotated as 「音恱」, pronounced yuè, with the same annotation as above. The character 「上」in 「泽上有水」is sometimes written as 「中」in some editions, but this is not adopted here. The character 「行」in 「德行」is annotated as 「下孟反」, pronounced xìng, with the same annotation in the following notes. The character 「匿」in 「故匿」is annotated as 「女力反」, pronounced nì. The character 「怨」in 「所怨」is annotated as 「纡万反」, pronounced yuàn, and also pronounced 「纡元反」.

中孚（芳夫反，信也，艮宮游魂卦）。豚（徒尊反，黃作遯）。而（音恱下注皆同）。乖爭（爭之爭）。之行（下孟反）。畜之（許六反，本或作獸）。渉難（乃旦反）。有它（音他）。燕（音燕）。鶴（戸各反）。和之（胡臥反，注及下同）。好爵（如字王肅呼報反孟云好小也）。爾靡（本又作縻同亡池反散也，乾同徐又武反又亡彼反韓詩云共也，孟同埤蒼作縻云散也，陸作䌕京作劘）。

The character "孚" in "中孚" is pronounced "fú" as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation "芳夫反," meaning "trust." This hexagram is a wandering hexagram of the mountain hexagram group. The character "豚" is annotated as "徒尊反," pronounced "tún"; Huang Ying reads it as "遯." The first character of the next entry is missing, with the annotation "音恱," pronounced "yuè," and the same pronunciation is used in the following annotations. The character "争" in "乖争" is pronounced as "争斗" ("struggle"), like the character "争." The character "行" in "之行" is annotated as "下孟反," pronounced "xìng." The character "畜" in "畜之" is annotated as "许六反," pronounced "xù"; some versions read it as "兽." The character "难" in "渉难" is annotated as "乃旦反," pronounced "nàn." The character "它" in "有它" is pronounced "tā," like the character "他." The character "燕" is pronounced "yàn." The character "鹤" is annotated as "戸各反," pronounced "hè." The character "和" in "和之" is annotated as "胡卧反," pronounced "hè," and the same pronunciation is used in the annotations and following text. The character "好" in "好爵" is read as the original character; Wang Su reads it as "呼报反"; Meng Xi explains "好" as meaning "small." The character "靡" in "尔靡" is read as "亡池反," pronounced "mí," meaning "scatter," and Gan Bao agrees; Xu Miao has another reading, with the character missing, and reads it as "亡彼反"; the Han Poetry reads it as "共," and Meng Xi agrees; the "Pī Cāng" reads it as "縻," meaning "scatter"; Lu Ji reads it as "䌕," and Jing Fang reads it as "劘."

重陰（直龍反）。不徇（似俊反）。或罷（如字王肅音皮徐扙彼反）。少陰（詩照反）。長陰（丁丈反）。相比（毗志反）。而閡（五代反）。憊（備拜反）。幾望（音禨又音祈京作近荀作旣）。而上（時掌反，象同）。攣（力圎反，廣雅云拲也）。可舎（音舍）。翰（胡旦反，髙飛）。內喪（息浪反）。

The character "重" in "重阴" is pronounced "chóng" according to the reverse slicing pronunciation "直龙反". The character "徇" in "不徇" is pronounced "xùn" according to "似俊反". The character "罢" in "或罢" is read as is, but Wang Su pronounced it "pí", and Xu Miao pronounced it "shǒng bǐ". The character "少" in "少阴" is pronounced "shào" according to "诗照反". The character "长" in "长阴" is pronounced "zhǎng" according to "丁丈反". The character "比" in "相比" is pronounced "bì" according to "毗志反". The character "阂" in "而阂" is pronounced "ài" according to "五代反". The character "惫" is pronounced "bèi" according to "备拜反". The character "几" in "几望" is pronounced "jī" as "禨", or "qí" as "祈"; in Jing Fang's version it is "jìn", and in Xun Shuang's version it is "jì". The character "上" in "而上" is pronounced "shǎng" according to "时掌反", and the Image Commentary also uses this pronunciation. The character "挛" is pronounced "luán" according to "力圎反"; the Guangya says it means clasping hands. The character "舎" in "可舎" is pronounced "shě". The character "翰" is pronounced "hàn" according to "胡旦反", meaning to fly high. The character "丧" in "内丧" is pronounced "sàng" according to "息浪反".

小過（古臥反，義與大過同王肅云音戈兊宮游魂卦）。遺之（如字）。不冝上（時掌反，注同下及文不冝上上六註上亦同鄭如字謂君也）。而浸（子鴆反）。以行（下孟反）。所錯（本又作措又作厝同七路反）。其妣（必履反）。於（子念反）。盡於（津忍反）。或戕（徐在良反注同）。故令（力呈反，注同）。先過（西薦反）。而復（扶又反，卦末同）。

The term "过" in "小过" is pronounced "guò" according to the reverse-slicing phonetic annotation "古卧反," and its meaning is the same as in the "大过" hexagram. Wang Su said it is pronounced "go." This hexagram is a wandering ghost hexagram of the Dui family. "遗之" is read as written. The "上" in "不冝上" is read as "shǎng" according to "时掌反," and the same pronunciation applies to the "上" in "不冝上," the "上" in the annotations of the "上六," as well as in the text of the "彖" and "象." Zheng Xuan reads it as written, referring to the sovereign. The "浸" in "而浸" is read as "jìn" according to "子鸩反." The "行" in "以行" is read as "xìng" according to "下孟反." The term "所错" is sometimes written as "措" or "厝," both pronounced "cuò" according to "七路反." The "妣" in "其妣" is read as "bǐ" according to "必履反." The character following "于" in the next instance is missing; the annotation says "子念反," and the character is read as "jiàn." The "尽" in "尽于" is read as "jǐn" according to "津忍反." The "戕" in "或戕" is read as "qiāng" by Xu Miao, and the annotation agrees. The "令" in "故令" is read as "líng" according to "力呈反," and the annotation agrees. The "先" in "先过" is read as "xiàn" according to "西荐反." The "复" in "而复" is read as "fù" according to "扶又反," and the same pronunciation is used at the end of the hexagram.

晏安（於諫反，又音宴）。鴆（除䕃反，本亦作酖）。沒怯（去業反）。公弋（餘職反）。則蒸（章勝反，字又作烝或作媵字非）。小畜（本又作蓄同勑六反）。其施（始豉反）。而難（乃旦反）。巳上也（並如字上又時掌反注同鄭作尚云庶幾也）。陽巳上故止也（本又作陽巳上故少陰止少音多少之少）。上六弗遇（王付反，本多誤故詳之）。災眚（生領反）。

The character "晏" in "晏安" is pronounced "yàn" with the reverse-slicing annotation "于谏反," and it can also be read as "yàn." The character "鸩" is annotated as "除䕃反," pronounced "zhèn"; some versions read it as "酖." The character "怯" in "没怯" is annotated as "去业反," pronounced "qiè." The character "弋" in "公弋" is annotated as "余职反," pronounced "yì." The character "蒸" in "则蒸" is annotated as "章胜反," pronounced "zhēng"; the character can also be written as "烝"; some versions mistakenly use "媵," which is incorrect. The character "畜" in "小畜" is sometimes written as "蓄," and both are pronounced "chù" with the reverse-slicing annotation "勑六反." The character "施" in "其施" is annotated as "始豉反," pronounced "shì." The character "难" in "而难" is annotated as "乃旦反," pronounced "nàn." The two characters "巳上也" are read as they appear; the character "上" can also be read as "shǎng" with the reverse-slicing annotation "时掌反," and the annotation is the same; Zheng Xuan reads it as "尚," explaining it as "almost." In the phrase "阳巳上故止也," some versions read it as "阳巳上故少阴止," where "少" is read as "shǎo," meaning "few" or "little." The character "弗" in "上六弗遇" is annotated as "王付反," pronounced "fú"; many versions contain errors, so this is clarified here. The character "眚" in "灾眚" is annotated as "生领反," pronounced "shěng."

旣濟（節計反，下卦同鄭云旣巳也，盡也，濟度也，坎宮三世卦）。亨小（絶句以小連利貞者非）。則邪（似嗟反，下同）。曳（以制反）。濡其（音儒注同）。於燥（西早反）。未造（七報反）。易（以豉反）。棄難（乃旦反，卦末並下卦同）。婦喪（息浪反，注皆同）。其茀（方拂反，首飾也，馬同乾云馬髴也，鄭云車蔽也，子夏作髴荀作紱董作髢）。不比（毗志反）。

The character "济" in "旣济" is pronounced jì, with the reverse-slicing annotation "节计反," and the lower trigram is the same. Zheng Xuan explains that "旣" means "already" or "completely," and "济" means "to cross over." This hexagram is the third generation of the Kan hexagram. The phrase "亨小" should be read with a pause; interpreting "小" as connected to "利贞" is incorrect. The character "邪" in "则邪" is pronounced xié, with the reverse-slicing annotation "似嗟反," and the same pronunciation applies in the following text. The character "曳" is annotated as "以制反," pronounced yè. The character "濡" in "濡其" is pronounced rú, same as in the annotation. The character "燥" in "于燥" is annotated as "西早反," pronounced sào. The character "造" in "未造" is annotated as "七报反," pronounced zào. The character "易" is annotated as "以豉反," pronounced yì. The character "难" in "弃难" is annotated as "乃旦反," pronounced nàn, and the same pronunciation applies at the end of the hexagram and in the lower trigram. The character "丧" in "妇丧" is annotated as "息浪反," pronounced sàng, and the same pronunciation applies in the annotations. The character "茀" in "其茀" is annotated as "方拂反," pronounced fú, referring to a type of head ornament; Ma Rong agrees; Gan Bao says it refers to decoration made from horse hair; Zheng Xuan says it refers to a covering on a chariot; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" writes it as "髴," Xun Shuang writes it as "绂," and Dong Yu writes it as "髢." The character "比" in "不比" is annotated as "毗志反," pronounced bì.

方（蒼頡篇云逺也）。憊（備拜反，鄭云劣弱也，陸作備云當為憊憊困劣也）。繻有（而朱反，鄭王肅云音須子夏作王廙同薛云古文作繻）。衣袽（女居反，絲袽也，王肅音如文作絮云縕也，廣雅云絮塞也，子夏作茹京作絮）。有郄（去逆反）。禴（羊畧反，祭之薄者）。沼（之紹反）。沚（音止）。蘋（音頻）。蘩（音煩）。非馨（呼庭反）。

The character "fang" is explained in the "Cang Jie Wen" as meaning "far away." The character "bei" is annotated with a reverse-sound annotation "bei pai fan," indicating it is pronounced as bei; Zheng Xuan says it means "weak and feeble"; Lu Ji says "bei," suggesting it should be "bei," meaning "weary and weak." The character "ru" in "ru you" is annotated with "er Zhu fan," pronounced as ru; Zheng Xuan and Wang Su say it is pronounced as "xu"; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" uses a variant form, and Wang Yi agrees; Xue Yu says the ancient text uses "ru." The character "ru" in "yi ru" is annotated with "nu ju fan," pronounced as ru, referring to broken silk threads; Wang Su pronounces it as "ru"; the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" says it is "xu," meaning "junk hemp"; the "Guang Ya" says that "xu" can be used to plug leaks; the "Zixia Commentary on the Changes" uses "ru," and Jing Fang uses "xu." The character "xi" in "you xi" is annotated with "qu ni fan," pronounced as xi. The character "yue" is annotated with "yang lue fan," pronounced as yue, referring to a sacrifice with meager offerings. The character "zhao" is annotated with "zhi shao fan," pronounced as zhao. The character "zhi" is pronounced as "zhi," read as zhi. The character "ping" is pronounced as "pin," read as ping. The character "fan" is pronounced as "fan," read as fan. The character "xin" in "fei xin" is annotated with "hu ting fan," pronounced as xin.

未濟（離宮三世卦）。小狐（徐音胡）。汔（許訖反，文云水涸也，鄭云幾也）。令物（力呈反）。各得其所（一本得作當）。經綸（本又作論同音倫又魯門反）。屯（張倫反）。蹇（紀勉反）。循難（似遵反，猶履也）。喪其（息浪反）。已比（上音紀下毗志反）。以近（附近之近）。暉（許歸反，字又作輝）。而耽（丁南反）。於樂（音洛）。

"The hexagram 'Wei Ji' is the third generation hexagram of the Li family. The character 'hu' in 'xiao hu' is pronounced 'hu' by Xu Miao. 'Qi' is annotated as 'xu qi fan', which is a reverse-sounding annotation, pronounced 'qi'. The 'Shuo Wen Jie Zi' says it refers to water drying up, and Zheng Xuan explains it as 'almost'. The character 'ling' in 'lingwu' is pronounced 'ling' as 'li cheng fan'. 'Ge de qi suo' has another version where 'de' is written as 'dang'. The character 'gun' in 'jing lun' is sometimes written as 'lun', which is pronounced 'lun', and also 'lu men fan'. 'Zun' is annotated as 'zhang lun fan', pronounced 'zhun'. 'Jian' is annotated as 'ji mian fan', pronounced 'jian'. 'Xun nan' has 'xun' pronounced 'xun' as 'si zun fan', meaning to walk or tread. 'Sang qi' has 'sang' pronounced 'sang' as 'xi lang fan'. The two characters 'yi bi' have the first character pronounced 'ji' and the second 'pi zhi fan', which is 'bi'. 'Yi jin' has 'jin' pronounced as 'jin' in 'jin shu'. 'Hui' is annotated as 'xu gui fan', pronounced 'hui', and the character is also written as 'hui'. 'Er dan' has 'dan' pronounced 'dan' as 'ding nan fan'. 'Yu le' has 'le' pronounced 'luo', read as 'le'."

周易繫（徐胡詣反本係也，又音繫續也，字從直作下糹者音口奚反非）。辭（本亦作依字應作詞也，文云詞者意內而言外也，辭不受也，受辛者辭辝籕文辭字也）。上第七（本亦作繫辭上王肅本皆作繫辭上傳訖於雜卦皆有傳字本亦有無上字者）。韓伯注（本亦作韓康伯注案王輔嗣止注六經講者相承用韓注繫辭以下續之）。地卑（如字又音婢，本又作埤同）。其易之門（本亦作其易之門戶）。斷矣（丁亂反）。之分（符問反，章末注同）。著矣（張慮反）。見矣（賢徧反，注同）。縣象（音）。雨施（始䜴反）。

The "Xì" in "Zhou Yi Xi" is read as "xì" by Xu Miao, which is the original pronunciation of the character "繫"; it also has the reading "jì", meaning to connect or continue. If written with the top part "直" and the bottom part "糸", it should be read as "kǒu xī fǎn", which does not apply here. "Ci" in some editions is written as a variant form; according to the character shape, it should be "ci", and the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" explains that "ci" means meaning inside and speech outside; "ci" originally means not accepting, and the character composed of "shou" and "xin" is "ci", while "dian" is the ancient form of "ci". "Shang Di Qi" in some editions is written as "Xi Ci Shang"; Wang Su's edition reads "Xi Ci Shang Zhuan", and this pattern continues until the "Za Gua" section, which all include the character "zhuan"; some editions omit the character "shang". "Han Bo Zhu" in some editions is written as "Han Kang Bo Zhu"; according to Wang Fusi, he only commented on the sixty-four hexagrams, and later scholars who study the "Yi" have used Han Kang Bo's commentary on "Xi Ci" to complete the entire text. "Di Bi" is read as the original character, and also pronounced "bi"; some editions use "bei", which is the same. "Qi Yi Zhi Men" in some editions is written as "Qi Yi Zhi Men Huo". "Duan Yi" in "duan" is annotated with the reverse-sounding "ding luan fan", which is read as "duan". "Zhi Fen" in "fen" is annotated with "fu wen fan", which is read as "fen", and the annotation at the end of the chapter is the same. "Zhuo Yi" in "zhuo" is annotated with "zhang lv fan", which is read as "zhu". "Jian Yi" in "jian" is annotated with "xian bian fan", which is read as "xian", and the annotation is the same. "Xuan Xiang" in "xuan" has the annotation character missing, but it is read as "xuan". "Yu Shi" in "shi" is annotated with "shi chu fan", which is read as "shi".

相摩（本又作磨末何反京云相磑切也，磑音古代反馬云摩切也，鄭注禮記云迫也，迫音百）。相蕩（眾家作蕩王肅音唐黨反馬云除也，桓云動也，唯韓云相推蕩）。鼓之（虞陸董皆云鼓鼓動也）。霆（王肅呂忱音庭徐又徒鼎反又音定京云霆者雷之餘氣挺生萬物也，文同蜀才云凝為電）。運行（姚作違行）。大始（音泰王肅作泰）。坤作（虞姚作坤化姚云化當為作）。易知（以豉反，訖章末同鄭荀董並音亦）。能（如字姚云能當為從）。而成位乎其中（馬王肅作而易成位乎其中）。繫辭（音繫卷內皆同）。

The character 「摩」 in 「相摩」 is sometimes written as 「磨」 in other versions. 「末何反」 is a phonetic annotation indicating the pronunciation as mó. Jing Fang said it refers to mutual grinding, with 「硙」 pronounced as gǔdài. Ma Rong explained it as 「摩」. Zheng Xuan, in his commentary on the Book of Rites, interpreted it as approaching, with 「迫」 pronounced as bǎi. The character 「荡」 in 「相荡」 is consistently written as 「荡」 by all scholars. Wang Su pronounced it as tángdǎng. Ma Rong explained it as removal, and Huan氏 interpreted it as movement. Only Han Kangbo said it refers to mutual pushing and shaking. Regarding 「鼓之」, Yu Fan, Lu Ji, and Dong Yu all said 「鼓」 means to stir or move. As for 「霆」, Wang Su and Lu Chen pronounced it as tíng. Xu Miao gave another pronunciation as túdǐng, also pronounced as dìng. Jing Fang said 「霆」 is the residual energy of thunder, capable of giving birth to all things, a view shared by the Shuowen Jiezi. Shu Cai said it is formed by the condensation of electricity. In 「运行」, Yao Xin's version reads 「违行」. The character 「大」 in 「大始」 is pronounced as tài, read as tài. Wang Su directly used 「泰」. In 「坤作」, Yu Fan and Yao Xin wrote it as 「坤化」, with Yao Xin saying 「化」 should be read as 「作」. The character 「易」 in 「易知」 is pronounced as yì, as indicated by 「以豉反」, and this pronunciation is consistent throughout the text. Zheng Xuan, Xun Shuang, and Dong Yu all pronounced it as yì. The character 「能」 is read as its original form. Yao Xin said 「能」 should be read as 「从」. In 「而成位乎其中」, Ma Rong and Wang Su's versions read 「而易成位乎其中」. The character 「系」 in 「系辞」 is pronounced as xì, read as xì, and this pronunciation is consistent throughout the text.

焉而明吉凶（虞本更有悔吝二字）。迭（田節反）。剛柔者晝夜之象（虞作晝夜者剛柔之象）。三極（陸云極至也，馬云三統也，鄭韓云三才也，王肅云陰陽剛柔仁義為三極）。能見（賢遍反）。易之序也（陸云序象也，京云次也，虞本作象）。所樂（音嶽適會也，虞本作所變）。而玩（五亂反，研玩也，馬云貪也，鄭作翫）。佑之（音又後同）。爻者（戸交反，文云交也）。小疵（徐才斯反馬云瑕也）。辯吉凶（如字京云明也，虞董姚顧蜀才並云別也，音彼列反）。見乎（賢遍反）。乎介（音界注同王肅乾韓云纎介也）。

"Yan er ming jixiong," Yu Fan's version has the words "hui lin" below this. "Die" is annotated as "Tian jie fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as die. "Gang rou zhe zhang ye zhi xiang," Yu Fan's version reads "zhang ye zhe gang rou zhi xiang." "San ji," Lu Ji says "ji" is interpreted as "zhi," Ma Rong says it refers to the three unifications, Zheng Xuan and Han Kangbo say it refers to the three elements, Wang Su says it refers to yin and yang, hardness and softness, and benevolence and righteousness as the three extremes. "Neng jian" where "jian" is read as xian, with the reverse-sound annotation "Xian bian fan." "Yi zhi xu ye," Lu Ji says "xu" is the image, Jing Fang interprets it as order, Yu Fan's version reads "xiang." "Suo le" where "le" is pronounced "yue," read as yue, interpreted as suitable; Yu Fan's version reads "suo bian." "Er wan" where "wan" is read as wan, meaning to study and examine; Ma Rong interprets it as greed; Zheng Xuan writes "wan." "You zhi" where "you" is pronounced "you," read as you, same in the following text. "Yao zhe" where "yao" is read as yao, with the reverse-sound annotation "Hu jiao fan"; "Shuo Wen" explains it as "jiao." "Xiao ci" where "ci" is read as ci, with the reverse-sound annotation "Cai si fan" by Xu Miao; Ma Rong interprets it as "xia." "Bian jixiong" is read as written; Jing Fang interprets it as "ming"; Yu Fan, Dong Yu, Yao Xin, Gu's family, and Shu Cai all interpret it as "bie," pronounced "bi lie fan." "Jian hu" where "jian" is read as xian. "Hu jie" where "jie" is pronounced "jie," read as jie, same in the annotation; Wang Su, Gan Bao, and Han Kangbo say it refers to the smallest detail.

纎（息亷反）。震無咎（馬云震驚也，鄭云懼也，王肅韓云動也，周云救也）。險易（以豉反，注同京云險惡也，易善也）。之否（備鄙反）。天地準（如字京云準等也，鄭云中也，平也）。彌（如字，本又作彌）。綸（音倫京云彌遍綸知也，王肅云綸纒裹也，荀云彌終也，綸跡也）。天下之道（一本作天地）。俯以（音甫）。察於（一本作觀於）。反終（鄭虞作及終）。之（如字宋衷始銳反云舎也）。煙（音因）。熅（紆云反）。盡聚（津忍反，下同）。知周（音智注同）。道濟（如字鄭云道當作導）。

The character 「纎」is annotated as 「息亷反」, which is a reverse-slicing phonetic annotation, read as xiān. The character 「震」in 「震无咎」is interpreted by Ma Rong as 'startle', by Zheng Xuan as 'fear', by Wang Su and Han Kangbo as 'movement', and by Zhou Hongzheng as 'rescue'. The character 「易」in 「险易」is annotated as 「以豉反」, read as yì, with the annotation same as above. Jing Fang says 「险」means evil and 「易」means good. The character 「否」in 「之否」is annotated as 「备鄙反」, read as pǐ. The character 「准」in 「天地准」is read as the original character; Jing Fang says 「准」means equivalent, Zheng Xuan interprets it as 'center' and 'level'. The character 「弥」is read as the original character; some versions use another character form. The character 「纶」is pronounced as 「伦」, read as lún; Jing Fang says 「弥」means thorough and 「纶」means notification; Wang Su says 「纶」means wrapping; Xun Shuang says 「弥」means end and 「纶」means trace. The phrase 「天下之道」is in another version as 「天地」. The character 「俯」in 「俯以」is pronounced as 「甫」, read as fǔ. The phrase 「察于」is in another version as 「观于」. The phrase 「反终」is interpreted by Zheng Xuan and Yu Fan as 「及终」. In the next entry, the character 「之」is read as the original character; Song Zhong reads it as 「始锐反」, interpreting it as 'abandoning and stopping'. The character 「烟」is pronounced as 「因」, read as yīn. The character 「煴」is annotated as 「纡云反」, read as yūn. The character 「尽」in 「尽聚」is annotated as 「津忍反」, read as jǐn, same in the following text. The character 「知」in 「知周」is pronounced as 「智」, read as zhì, same in the annotation. The phrase 「道济」is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan says 「道」should be read as 「导」.

不流（如字京作留）。樂天（音洛注同虞作變天）。功贍（渉豔反）。範圍（鄭云範法也，馬王肅張作犯違張云犯違猶裁成也）。而知（如字荀爽荀柔之明僧紹音智）。以上（時掌反）。之稱（尺證反，下章及注同）。知者（音智下之知注知者其知仁知並同）。其分（符問反）。鮮矣（悉淺反，注同師云盡也，鄭作尟馬鄭王肅云少也）。藏諸（才剛反，鄭作臧云善也）。衣（於旣反）。被（皮反）。則有經營之功也（本亦無功字一本功作跡）。成象（蜀才作盛象）。爻法（胡孝反，馬韓如字云放也，蜀才作效）。

"Bu liu" is read as written; Jing Fang's version reads "liu." "Le Tian" has the character "le" pronounced "luo," read as le, with the annotation the same; Yu Fan's version reads "bian Tian." "Gong shan" has the character "shan," which is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "she yan fan," read as shan. "Fan wei," Zheng Xuan says "fan" means "method"; Ma Rong, Wang Su, and Zhang's version reads "fan wei," and Zhang says "fan wei" means "to cut and form." "Er zhi" is read as written; Xun Shuang, Xun Rouzhi, and Ming Shengshao pronounce it "zhi." "Shang" in "shang shi" is annotated with "shi zhang fan," read as shang. "Zhi cheng" has the character "cheng," annotated with "chi zheng fan," read as cheng, with the same reading in the following chapter and annotations. "Zhi zhe" has the character "zhi" pronounced "zhi," read as zhi; in the following text, "zhi zhi," the annotations' "zhi zhe," "qi zhi," and "ren zhi" all have the same reading. "Qi fen" has the character "fen," annotated with "fu wen fan," read as fen. "Xian yi" has the character "xian," annotated with "xi qian fan," read as xian, with the annotation the same; Shi's explanation interprets it as "complete"; Zheng Xuan reads it as "xuan," Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, and Wang Su all interpret it as "few." "Cang zhu" has the character "cang," annotated with "cai gang fan," read as cang; Zheng Xuan reads it as "zang," interpreting it as "good." "Yi" is annotated with "yu ji fan," read as yi. The second character in the reverse-slicing annotation for "pi" is missing, only "pi" remains as the first character, and the character is read as pi. "Ze you jingying zhi gong ye," some versions lack the character "gong," while another version reads "gong" as "ji." "Cheng xiang," Shu Cai's version reads "sheng xiang." "Yao fa" has the character "fa," annotated with "hu xiao fan," read as xiao; Ma Rong and Han Kangbo read it as written, interpreting it as "imitate"; Shu Cai reads it as "xiao."

形詰（去吉也）。大虛（音泰下大極同）。欻爾（況勿反）。自造（在早反，下同）。稱極（尺徵反）。為稱（尺證反）。不御（魚呂反，禁止也）。乎邇（本又作邇音尒）。也專（如字陸作磚音同）。也翕（虛級反，斂也）。也闢（婢亦反，開也）。易（以豉反）。知崇（音智注同）。禮（蜀才作體）。卑（必彌反，本亦作埤徐音婢下同）。賾（仕責反，下同九家作京作嘖云情也）。典禮（京作等禮姚作典體）。以斷（丁亂反，下注同）。惡也（於嫁反，荀作亞亞次也，又烏路反馬鄭烏洛反亞通）。

The character 「诘」 in 「形诘」 is annotated as 「去吉,」 and is read as jié. In 「大虚,」 the character 「大」 is pronounced 「泰,」 read as tài, and the same applies to 「大极」 in the following text. The character 「欻」 in 「欻尔」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「况勿反,」 and is read as xū. The character 「造」 in 「自造」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「在早反,」 and is read as zào, with the same pronunciation in the following text. The character 「称」 in 「称极」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「尺征反,」 and is read as chēng. The character 「称」 in 「为称」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「尺证反,」 and is read as chèng. The character 「御」 in 「不御」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「鱼吕反,」 and is read as yù, with the meaning of prohibition. In some versions, the character in 「乎迩」 is written as 「迩,」 pronounced 「尒,」 and read as ěr. In 「也专,」 the character is read as it is written; however, Lu Ji wrote it as 「砖,」 with the same pronunciation. The character 「翕」 in 「也翕」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「虚级反,」 and is read as xī, with the meaning of gathering in. The character 「辟」 in 「也辟」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「婢亦反,」 and is read as pì, with the meaning of opening. The character 「易」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「以豉反,」 and is read as yì. The character 「知」 in 「知崇」 is pronounced 「智,」 read as zhì, with the same annotation. The character 「礼」 is written as 「体」 in Suo Cai’s version. The character 「卑」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「必弥反,」 and is read as bēi; in some versions, it is written as 「埤,」 with Xu Miao pronouncing it as 「婢,」 with the same pronunciation in the following text. The character 「賾」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「仕責反,」 and is read as zé, with the same pronunciation in the following text; in the nine families’ version, it is written as a variant character, and Jing Fang wrote it as 「嘖,」 with the meaning of actuality. The term 「典礼」 is written as 「等礼」 by Jing Fang and as 「典体」 by Yao Xin. The character 「断」 in 「以断」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「丁乱反,」 and is read as duàn, with the same pronunciation in the annotations that follow. The character 「恶」 in 「恶也」 is annotated with the reverse-slicing method 「于嫁反,」 and is read as yà; Xun Shuang wrote it as 「亚,」 with 「亚」 meaning “secondary”; it is also read as 「乌路反,」 with Ma Rong and Zheng Xuan reading it as 「乌洛反,」 which is similar to 「亚.」

言天下之至動而不可亂也（眾家本並然鄭本作至賾云賾當為動九家亦作）。可逺（萬反）。之惡（烏路反）。錯之（七各反）。議之（陸姚荀柔之作儀之）。則盡（津忍反）。子和（胡臥反，注同）。縻之（本又作靡亡池反徐又亡彼反京作劘）。行發（下孟反，下同）。見乎（賢遍反）。樞（尺朱反，王廙云戶樞也，一云門臼）。機（王廙云弩牙也）。先號（戸羔反）。咷（道羔反）。或黙（亡北反，字或作嘿）。利斷（丁亂反，王肅丁管反）。其臭（昌又反）。初六藉（在夜反，下同）。用白茅（卯交反）。

The sentence "speaking of the utmost movement in the world that cannot be disorderly" is the same in all the various editions; the Zheng Xuan edition reads "至賾" and says "賾" should be "動"; the nine families edition also uses a variant form. The "逺" in "可逺" is "远", with the note "万反", where the first character of the reverse-sound annotation has been lost, and the reading is yuàn. The "恶" in "之恶" is annotated with "乌路反" as reverse-sound, read as wù. The "错" in "错之" is annotated with "七各反", read as cuò. "議之" is written as "儀之" by Lu Ji, Yao Xin, and Xun Rou. The "尽" in "则尽" is annotated with "津忍反", read as jǐn. The "和" in "子和" is annotated with "胡卧反", read as hè, with the same annotation in the notes. The "縻之" in some editions is written as "靡", read as "亡池反" (mí); Xu Miao reads it as "亡彼反"; Jing Fang writes it as "劘". The "行" in "行发" is annotated with "下孟反", read as xìng, the same reading appears later. The "见" in "见乎" is annotated with "贤遍反", read as xiàn. The "枢" is annotated with "尺朱反", read as shū; Wang Yi says it refers to a door hinge, another says it refers to a door臼. The "机" is said by Wang Yi to refer to the trigger of a crossbow. The "号" in "先号" is annotated with "戸羔反", read as háo. The "咷" is annotated with "道羔反", read as táo. The "黙" in "或黙" is annotated with "亡北反", read as mò, the character is sometimes written as "嘿". The "断" in "利断" is annotated with "丁乱反", read as duàn; Wang Su reads it as "丁管反". The "臭" in "其臭" is annotated with "昌又反", read as chòu. The "藉" in "初六藉" is annotated with "在夜反", read as jiè, the same reading appears later. The "茅" in "用白茅" is annotated with "卯交反", read as máo.

無咎（或以此為別章今不用）。苟錯（七故反，本亦作措）。可重（直勇反）。愼斯術也（時震反，鄭乾同，一本作順師用義鄭云術道）。不德（鄭陸蜀才作置鄭云置當為德）。下人（遐嫁反，後同）。為階（姚作機）。為易者（本又云作易者）。乗釁（許覲反）。致寇至（徐或作戎宋衷云戎誤）。乗也者（如字一讀繩證反）。慢藏（才浪反）。誨（如字敎也，虞作悔謂悔恨）。冶容（音也，鄭陸虞姚王肅作野言妖野容儀敎誨淫泆也，王肅云作野音也）。大衍（延善反，又注演同鄭云衍演也，乾云合也，王廙蜀才云廣也）。

"The term 'wu jiao' (no blame) is sometimes divided into a separate chapter by some scholars, but we do not adopt this approach. The character 'cuo' in 'gou cuo' (if mistaken) is annotated with a reverse-sound note 'qi gu fu' (seven reason reverse), which is read as 'cuo'. Some editions read it as 'cuo'. The 'chong' in 'ke chong' (may be repeated) is annotated with 'zhi yong fu' (straight brave reverse), read as 'chong'. The 'shen' in 'shen si shu ye' (be cautious about this method) is annotated with 'shi zhen fu' (time thunder reverse), read as 'shen'; Zheng Xuan and Gan Bao read it the same; another edition reads it as 'shun', and the school of Shi uses its meaning; Zheng Xuan says 'shu' means 'dao' (way). The 'de' in 'bu de' (not virtue) is read as 'zhi' by Zheng Xuan, Lu Ji, and Shu Cai; Zheng Xuan says 'zhi' should be 'de'. The 'xia' in 'xia ren' (those below) is annotated with 'xia jia fu' (distant bride reverse), read as 'xia', same as later text. The 'ji' in 'wei jie' (as a step) is read as 'ji' by Yao Xin. The 'zuoyi zhe' (those who make the Book of Changes) is read as 'zuoyi zhe' in some editions. The 'cheng xin' (take advantage of an opportunity) is annotated with 'xu jin fu' (guest present reverse), read as 'xin'. The 'zhi kou zhi' (inviting enemies) is commented on by Xu Miao, who says some editions read it as 'rong'; Song Zhong says reading it as 'rong' is wrong. The 'cheng ye zhe' (taking advantage is) is read as the original character; one reading is 'sheng zheng fu' (rope evidence reverse), read as 'sheng'. The 'mancang' (careless storage) is annotated with 'cai lang fu' (careless wave reverse), read as 'zang'. The 'hui' (teach) is read as the original character, meaning to teach; Yu Fan reads it as 'hui', meaning regret. The 'ye rong' (coquettish appearance) is read as 'ye', pronounced 'ye'; Zheng Xuan, Lu Ji, Yu Fan, Yao Xin, and Wang Su read it as 'ye', meaning a seductive and wild appearance that incites licentiousness; Wang Su says when read as 'ye', it is pronounced 'ye'. The 'da yan' (great derivation) is annotated with 'yan shan fu' (extend good reverse), read as 'yan'; the character 'yan' in the commentary is the same; Zheng Xuan says 'yan' is the same as 'yan', Gan Bao explains it as 'he', Wang Yi, Shu Cai explain it as 'broad'."

大極（音泰）。掛一（卦買反，別也，王肅音卦）。揲（時設反，案揲猶數也，文云閱持也，一音思頰反徐音息列反鄭云取也）。歸竒（紀冝反，注下同）。於扐（郎得反，下同馬云指間也，荀柔之云別也）。後掛（京作卦云再扐而後布卦）。之䇿（初革反，字亦作筴）。當（如字下同）。期（本又作朞音基同）。而伸（本又作信音身）。而長（丁丈反）。德行（下孟反）。酬（市由反，徐又音疇）。酢（在洛反，京作醋）。與佑（音又助也，馬云配也，荀作侑）。聖人之道（明僧紹作君子之道）。

The term "大极" has the character "大" pronounced as "tài". "挂一" has the character "挂", which is annotated with the reverse-sound "卦买反", pronounced as "guà", meaning to distinguish; Wang Su pronounces "卦" as "guà". "揲" is annotated with "时设反", pronounced as "shé"; according to "揲", it means to count, as explained in "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", which refers to counting and holding; another pronunciation is "思颊反", and Xu Miao pronounces it as "息列反"; Zheng Xuan explains it as taking. "归竒" has the character "竒", annotated with "纪冝反", pronounced as "jī", and the same pronunciation is used in the following text. "于扐" has the character "扐", annotated with "郎得反", pronounced as "lè", and the same pronunciation is used in the following text; Ma Rong says it refers to the space between seams; Xun Rouzhi explains it as distinguishing. "后挂" is interpreted by Jing Fang as "卦", meaning to take again and then spread out the hexagram. "之䇿" has the character "䇿", annotated with "初革反", pronounced as "cè", and the character is also written as "筴". "当" is read as the original character, and the same applies in the following text. "期" is sometimes written as "朞" in other versions, pronounced as "jī". "而伸" is sometimes written as "信" in other versions, pronounced as "shēn". "而长" has the character "长", annotated with "丁丈反", pronounced as "zhǎng". "德行" has the character "行", annotated with "下孟反", pronounced as "xìng". "酬" is annotated with "市由反", pronounced as "chóu"; Xu Miao also pronounces it as "chóu". "酢" is annotated with "在洛反", pronounced as "zuò"; Jing Fang writes it as "醋". "与佑" has the character "佑", pronounced as "yòu", meaning to assist; Ma Rong explains it as to match; Xun Shuang writes it as "侑". "圣人之道" is written by Ming Shengshao as "君子之道".

以言者（下三句無以字一本四句皆有）。如向（許兩反，又作響）。能與（音預下及注同）。參伍（七南反）。錯（七各反）。綜（宗統反）。天地之文（一本作天下虞陸本作之爻）。無籌（直周反）。研（蜀才作揅）。幾也（如字，本或作機鄭云機當作几几微也）。夫易開（王肅作闓音同）。物成務（一本無夫易二字）。冒天（莫報反，注同覆也）。以斷（丁亂反，下二章同）。蓍（音尸）。圎而（本又作貟音同）。方以知（音智注同下知以叡知注神知皆同）。有分（符問反）。易以（以豉反，韓音亦謂變易）。

The sentence "with words" is followed by three sentences without the character "以"; another version has "以" in all four sentences. The character "向" in "如向" is annotated with a reverse-sound pronunciation "许两反", which is read as xiàng; it is also written as "响". The character "与" in "能与" is pronounced "预", read as yù, and the same pronunciation is used in the following text and annotations. The character "参" in "参伍" is annotated with "七南反", read as cān. The character "错" is annotated with "七各反", read as cuò. The character "综" is annotated with "宗统反", read as zòng. The phrase "天地之文" is in another version "天下"; the versions of Yu Fan and Lu Ji read "之爻". The character "筹" in "无筹" is annotated with "直周反", read as chóu. The character "研" in the version of Shu Cai is written as "揅". The term "几也" is read as is; some versions read it as "机". Zheng Xuan says "机" should be "几", and "几" means subtle signs. The character "开" in "夫易开" is written by Wang Su as "闿", with the same pronunciation. The phrase "物成务" is missing the words "夫易" in another version. The character "冒" in "冒天" is annotated with "莫报反", read as mào, and the annotation uses the same pronunciation, meaning to cover. The character "断" in "以断" is annotated with "丁乱反", read as duàn, and the same pronunciation is used in the next two chapters. The character "蓍" is pronounced "尸", read as shī. The character "圎" in "圎而" is written as "贠" in some versions, with the same pronunciation, read as yuán. The character "知" in "方以知" is pronounced "智", read as zhì, and the same pronunciation is used in the annotation; the following text "知以叡知" and the annotation "神知" also use the same pronunciation. The character "分" in "有分" is annotated with "符问反", read as fèn. The character "易" in "易以" is annotated with "以豉反", read as yì; Han Kangbo pronounces it as "亦", saying it refers to change.

貢（如字告也，京陸虞作工荀作功）。洗心（劉瓛悉殄反盡也，王肅韓悉禮反京荀虞董張蜀才作先石經同）。洗濯（直角反）。藏往（如字劉作臧善也）。能與（音預）。不殺（馬鄭王肅乾所戒反師同徐所例反陸韓如字）。者夫（音符如字）。齊戒（側皆反，注同）。以神明其德夫（荀虞顧絶句眾皆以夫字為下句一本無夫字）。闔戸（胡臘反）。闢戶（婢亦反，王肅甫亦反）。施生（始豉反）。見乃（賢遍反）。是故易有大極（大音泰注同大極無也，馬云北辰也，王肅云此章首獨言是故者揔眾章之意）。

The character 「贡」 is read as it is, but it is also interpreted as 'to report'. Jing Fang, Lu Ji, and Yu Fan read it as 「工」, while Xun Shuang reads it as 「功」. The character 「洗」 in 「洗心」 is read by Liu Huan as 「悉殄反」, meaning 'to exhaust'; Wang Su, Han Kangbo read it as 「悉礼反」. Jing Fang, Xun Shuang, Yu Fan, Dong Yu, Zhang氏, and Shu Cai read it as 「先」, and the Xi Ping Stone Classics are the same. The character 「濯」 in 「洗濯」 is annotated with the reverse-sound 「直角反」, which is read as zhuó. The character 「藏往」 is read as it is; Liu Huan reads it as 「臧」, meaning 'good'. The character 「与」 in 「能与」 is read as 「预」, pronounced yù. The character 「杀」 in 「不杀」 is read by Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Wang Su, and Gan Bao as 「所戒反」, which is shài, and the annotations are the same. Xu Miao reads it as 「所例反」. Lu Ji and Han Kangbo read it as it is. The character 「夫」 in 「者夫」 is read as 「符」, and it can also be read as it is. The character 「齐」 in 「齐戒」 is read as 「侧皆反」, pronounced zhāi, and the annotations are the same. In the phrase 「以神明其德夫」, Xun Shuang, Yu Fan, and Gu氏 make a pause here; all the schools attach the character 「夫」 to the next sentence; another version does not include the character 「夫」. The character 「阖」 in 「阖戸」 is read as 「胡腊反」, pronounced hé. The character 「辟」 in 「辟户」 is read as 「婢亦反」, pronounced pì; Wang Su reads it as 「甫亦反」. The character 「施」 in 「施生」 is read as 「始豉反」, pronounced shì. The character 「见」 in 「见乃」 is read as 「贤遍反」, pronounced xiàn. In the phrase 「是故易有大极」, the character 「大」 is read as 「泰」, pronounced tài, and the annotations are the same; 「大极」 refers to nothingness. Ma Rong says it refers to the northern star; Wang Su says this chapter begins with the words 「是故」 alone, which is meant to summarize the meaning of all the chapters.

無稱之稱（並尺證反）。縣象（音）。探（吐南反）。賾（九家作）。索隱（色白反）。亹亹（亡偉反）。莫善乎蓍（本亦作莫大）。見吉（賢遍反）。河出（如字又尺遂反下同）。洛出（王肅作雒漢家以火德王故從各佳）。又以尚賢也（鄭本作有以）。子曰書不盡（如字又津忍反下同）。之縕（紆粉反，徐於憤反王肅又於問反）。之奧（烏報反）。而上（時掌反）。而錯（七故反，注同，本又作措）。之賾（本亦作之至賾）。而裁（音才，本又作財）。黙而成（本或作黙而成之）。德行（下孟反）。

The term 「无称之称」 has both 「称」 pronounced as chèng. The character 「縣」 in 「縣象」 is missing its annotation character, but it is pronounced xuán. 「探」 is annotated as 「吐南反」, which is a reverse-slicing pronunciation, read as tān. 「賾」 is written as a variant character in the nine families’ edition. 「索隐」 has 「索」 annotated as 「色白反」, pronounced suǒ. 「亹亹」 is annotated as 「亡伟反」, read as wěi. 「莫善乎蓍」 in some editions is written as 「莫大」. 「见 auspicious」 has 「见」 annotated as 「贤遍反」, read as xiàn. 「河出」 is read as the original character, but also as 「尺 Sui 反」, the same applies below. 「洛出」 in Wang Su’s edition is written as 「雒」; the Han dynasty avoided water due to their fire-based rule, so the character was changed from ‘water’ to 「隹」. 「又以尚贤也」 in Zheng Xuan’s edition is written as 「有以」. 「Zi 曰书不尽」 has 「尽」 read as the original character, but also as 「津忍反」 which is jǐn, the same applies below. 「之缊」 has 「缊」 annotated as 「纡粉反」, read as yùn; Xu Miao reads it as 「于愤反」; Wang Su reads it as 「于问反」. 「之奥」 has 「奥」 annotated as 「乌报反」, read as ào. 「而上」 has 「上」 annotated as 「时掌反」, read as shǎng. 「而 cuo (mismatch)」 has ‘cuo (mismatch)’ annotated as 「七故反」, read as cuò, the annotation is the same; some editions read it as 「措」. 「之赜」 in some editions is written as 「之至赜」. 「而裁」 has 「裁」 pronounced as 「才」, read as cái; some editions read it as ‘Wealth’. 「黙而成」 in some editions is written as 「黙而成之」. 「virtue 行」 has 「行」 annotated as 「下孟反」, read as xìng.

周易繫辭下第八而重（直龍反，注同）。明治（直吏反）。繫辭（音繫卷內皆同）。而命（孟作明）。或否（備鄙反）。而斷（丁亂反）。則見（賢遍反，下及注皆同）。趣時（七樹反）。貞勝（姚本作貞稱）。乎累（劣偽反）。殉吉（辭俊反，後同）。未離（力智反）。盡會（津忍反，下同）。貞觀（官換反，又音官）。貞夫（音符）。確然（苦角反，馬韓云剛貌文云髙至）。人易（以豉反，下注同）。隤然（大回反，馬韓云柔貌也，孟作退陸董姚作妥）。像此（音象）。施生（始豉反）。大寶（孟作保）。

This passage begins with the title of the eighth section of the Great Treatise in the Zhou Changes, titled "周易系辞下第八". The character "重" in "而重" is annotated with the reverse-sounding note "直龙反", which is pronounced chóng. The character "治" in "明治" is annotated with "直吏反", pronounced zhì. The character "系" in "系辞" is pronounced xì, and this pronunciation is consistent throughout the text. "而命" in the text is in the version of Mengxi read as "明". The character "否" in "或否" is annotated with "备鄙反", pronounced pǐ. The character "断" in "而断" is annotated with "丁乱反", pronounced duàn. The character "见" in "则见" is annotated with "贤遍反", pronounced xiàn, and this pronunciation is used in the following text and annotations. The character "趣" in "趣时" is annotated with "七树反", pronounced qù. "贞胜" in the text is in the version of Yaoxin read as "贞称". The character "累" in "乎累" is annotated with "劣伪反", pronounced lèi. The character "殉" in "殉吉" is annotated with "辞俊反", pronounced xùn, and this pronunciation is used in the following text. The character "离" in "未离" is annotated with "力智反", pronounced lì. The character "尽" in "尽会" is annotated with "津忍反", pronounced jǐn, and this pronunciation is used in the following text. The character "观" in "贞观" is annotated with "官换反", pronounced guàn, and it is also pronounced "官". The character "夫" in "贞夫" is pronounced fú, meaning "symbol". The character "确" in "确然" is annotated with "苦角反", pronounced què; Ma Rong and Han Kangbo say it refers to the appearance of firmness, and the Shuo Wen Jie Zi explains it as meaning high and reaching. The character "易" in "人易" is annotated with "以豉反", pronounced yì. The character "隤" in "隤然" is annotated with "大回反", pronounced tuí; Ma Rong and Han Kangbo say it refers to the appearance of softness and compliance; Mengxi reads it as "退", and Lu Ji, Dong Yu, and Yaoxin read it as "妥". The character "像" in "像此" is pronounced xiàng, meaning "image". The character "施" in "施生" is annotated with "始豉反", pronounced shì. The character "大宝" in the text is in the version of Mengxi read as "保".

曰人（王肅伯玊桓明僧紹作仁）。禁民（音金又金鴆反）。包（本又作庖白交反鄭云取也，孟京作伏）。犧（許冝反，字又作羲鄭云鳥獸全具曰犧孟京作戲云伏服也，戲化也）。氏（包犧氏大皥三皇之最先）。之王（於況反）。不究（九又反）。為（音古馬姚云猶網也，黃本作為網云取獸曰網取魚曰）。以佃（音田，本亦作田）。以漁（音魚，本亦作魚又言庶反馬云取獸曰佃取魚曰魚）。斲木（陟角反）。為耜（音似京云耒下耓也，陸云廣五寸耓音勑丁反）。為耒（力對反，京云耜上句木也，文云耜曲木垂所作字林同力佳反徐力猥反垂造作也，本或揉木為之耒耨非）。

The term 「曰人」 is in the versions of Wang Su, Bo Zhu, Huan Shi, and Ming Shengshao as 「仁」. The character 「禁」 in 「禁民」 is pronounced 「金」, read as jīn, and also read as 「金鸩反」. The character 「包」 in some versions is written as 「庖」, with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 「白交反」, read as bāo; Zheng Xuan explains it as taking; Meng Xi and Jing Fang read it as 「伏」. The character 「牺」 is annotated as 「许冝反」, read as xī, and the character is also written as 「羲」; Zheng Xuan says that animals with complete bodies are called 「牺」; Meng Xi and Jing Fang read it as 「戏」, explaining that 「伏」 means to serve and 「戏」 means transformation. The term 「氏」 refers to Fuxi, who is also called Taihao, the earliest of the Three Sovereigns. The character 「王」 in 「之王」 is pronounced 「于况反」, read as wàng. The character 「究」 in 「不究」 is pronounced 「九又反」, read as jiù. In the next entry, the character under 「爲」 is pronounced 「古」; Ma Rong and Yao Xin say it means net and trap; Huang Ying's version reads 「爲网」, explaining that catching animals is called 「网」 and catching fish is called 「罟」. The character 「佃」 in 「以佃」 is pronounced 「田」, read as tián; some versions read it as 「田」. The character 「渔」 in 「以渔」 is pronounced 「鱼」, read as yú; some versions read it as 「鱼」, and it is also read as 「言庶反」; Ma Rong says catching animals is called 「佃」 and catching fish is called 「渔」. The character 「斲」 in 「斲木」 is pronounced 「陟角反」, read as zhuó. The character 「耜」 in 「为耜」 is pronounced 「似」, read as sì; Jing Fang says it is the plow blade attached to the耒; Lu Ji says it is five inches wide, and 「耓」 is pronounced 「勑丁反」. The character 「耒」 in 「为耒」 is pronounced 「力对反」, read as lěi; Jing Fang says it is the curved wooden handle of the耜; the 「说文解字」 says the curved wooden part of the耜 was made by Chui, and the 「字林」 agrees, reading it as 「力佳反」, Xu Miao reads it as 「力猥反」, and Chui is the one who made this tool; some versions read 「揉木为之耒耨」, which is incorrect.

耒耨之利（奴豆反，馬云鉏也，孟云耘除草）。為市（世本云祝融為市宋乾云顓頊臣也，文云市時止反）。噬（市制反）。嗑（胡臘反）。不解（佳賣反）。易窮則變變則通通則久（一本作易窮則變通則久）。佑之（音又，本亦作佑）。下治（直吏反，章末同）。以別（彼列反，一本作辯）。挎（本又作刳口反徐又口溝反）。掞（以冉反，本亦作剡）。楫（本又作檝將輙反下同徐音集又子入反方言云楫謂之橈或謂之棹文云楫舟棹也）。

The character "nòu" in "耒耨之利" is pronounced nòu, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "奴豆反." Ma Rong explains it as "plow," while Meng Xi says it refers to weeding fields. "为市" is explained by the "Shi Ben" as being first established by Zhu Rong, and Song Zhong says Zhu Rong was a minister of Zhuan Xu. The "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" says "市" is pronounced "时止反." "噬" is annotated as "市制反," pronounced shì. "嗑" is annotated as "胡腊反," pronounced hé. The character "解" in "不解" is annotated as "佳卖反," pronounced xiè. The sentence "易穷则变，变则通，通则久" is sometimes written as "易穷则变，通则久." The character "佑" in "佑之" is pronounced "又," as in yòu; some versions use "佑" instead. The character "治" in "下治" is annotated as "直吏反," pronounced zhì, and the same pronunciation is used at the end of the chapter. The character "别" in "以别" is annotated as "彼列反," pronounced bié; another version uses "辩." The character "挎" is sometimes written as "刳," with the lower part of the reverse-slicing annotation missing, leaving only "口" as the upper part; Xu Miao pronounces it as "口沟反," which is kū. The character "掞" is annotated as "以冉反," pronounced yǎn; some versions use "剡." The character "楫" is sometimes written as "檝," pronounced "将輙反," which is jí, and the same pronunciation is used later; Xu Miao pronounces it as "集," and also as "子入反." The "Fang Yan" says "楫" is called "桡" or "棹," and the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" says "楫" is the oar used for rowing a boat.

致逺以利天下（一本無此句）。諸渙（音喚）。以利天下蓋取諸隨（一本無以利天下一句）。重門（直龍反）。柝（他洛反，馬云兩木相擊以行夜文作字林他各反同）。暴客（白報反，鄭作虣）。斷木（丁緩反，又徒緩反斷斷絶）。為杵（昌呂反）。掘地（其月反，又其勿反）。為臼（求酉反）。為弧（音胡文云木弓）。剡木（以冉反，字林云銳也，因冉反）。諸睽（苦圭反，又音圭）。則爭（爭之爭下同）。厚衣（於旣反）。喪期（並如字）。無數（色具反）。棺槨（上音官下音郭）。而治（直吏反，下同）。

"The phrase 'to achieve distant goals for the benefit of the world' is found in one version but not in another. The character 'Huan' in 'zhū huàn' is pronounced 'huàn'. The phrase 'to achieve distant goals for the world's benefit' is not present in another version. The character 'Chong' in 'chóng mén' is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation 'zhí lóng fǎn', which is read as 'chóng'. The character 'Tuo' is annotated 'tā luò fǎn', read as 'tuò'; Ma Rong says it refers to two pieces of wood struck together for night patrols; the 'Shuo Wen Jie Zi' (Explanations of Characters) lists it as a variant form, and the 'Zi Lin' (Forest of Characters) reads it as 'tā gè fǎn', which is the same. The character 'Bao' in 'bào kè' is annotated 'bái bào fǎn', read as 'bào'; Zheng Xuan writes it as 'Bao'. The character 'duan' in 'duàn mù' is annotated 'dīng huǎn fǎn', read as 'duàn', and also 'tú huǎn fǎn'; 'duan' means to cut off. The character 'chu' in 'wéi chǔ' is annotated 'chāng lǚ fǎn', read as 'chǔ'. The character 'jue' in 'jué dì' is annotated 'qí yuè fǎn', read as 'jué', and also 'qí wù fǎn'. The character 'jiu' in 'wéi jiù' is annotated 'qiú yǒu fǎn', read as 'jiù'. The character 'hu' in 'wéi hú' is pronounced 'hú'; the 'Shuo Wen Jie Zi' says it refers to a wooden bow. The character 'yan' in 'yǎn mù' is annotated 'yǐ rǎn fǎn', read as 'yǎn'; the 'Zi Lin' explains it as meaning sharp, and reads it as 'yīn rǎn fǎn'. The character 'Kui' in 'zhū kuí' is annotated 'kǔ guī fǎn', read as 'kuí', and also pronounced 'guī'. The character 'zheng' in 'zé zhēng' is read as 'zhēng', meaning 'struggle', and the same applies below. The character 'yi' in 'hòu yī' is annotated 'yú jì fǎn', read as 'yì'. The characters 'the mourning period' are both read as they are written. The character 'shu' in 'wú shù' is annotated 'sè jù fǎn', read as 'shù'. The characters 'the inner and outer coffins' are read as 'guān' and 'guō' respectively. The character 'zhi' in 'ér zhì' is annotated 'zhí lì fǎn', read as 'zhì', and the same applies below.

書契（苦計反）。決斷（都亂反）。象也者像也（眾本並云像擬也，孟京虞董姚還作象）。卦竒（紀冝反，注同）。德行（下孟反，下同）。畫竒（音獲下同）。憧憧（本又作昌容反）。以貫（古亂反）。屈也（丘勿反，下同）。信也（本又作伸同音申下同韋昭漢書音義云古伸字）。尺蠖（紆縛反，蟲名也，徐又烏郭反）。龍虵（本文作蛇同）。之蟄（直立反）。全身（本亦作存身）。思慮（息吏反）。而累（劣偽反）。蒺（音疾）。藜（音棃）。死其（其亦作期）。射（食亦反，下注同）。

The character "契" in "书契" is pronounced qì, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "苦计反." The "断" in "决断" is pronounced duàn, as indicated by "都乱反." In the phrase "象也者，像也," all versions state that "像" means imitation; however, Mengxi, Jing Fang, Yu Fan, Dong Yu, Yao Xin still use "象." The character "竒" in "卦竒" is pronounced jī, as indicated by "纪冝反," and the annotation is the same. The "行" in "德行" is pronounced xìng, as indicated by "下孟反," and the same applies in the following text. The "画" in "画竒" is pronounced huà, as it sounds like "获," and this pronunciation is consistent in the following text. The "憧憧" in some versions is written in a variant form and is pronounced chōng, as indicated by "昌容反." The "贯" in "以贯" is pronounced guàn, as indicated by "古乱反." The "屈" in "屈也" is pronounced qū, as indicated by "丘勿反," and this pronunciation is consistent in the following text. The "信" in "信也" is sometimes written as "伸" in some versions, which is pronounced shēn, as it is the same sound as "申," and this pronunciation is consistent in the following text. The "蠖" in "尺蠖" is pronounced huò, as indicated by "纡缚反," and it refers to a type of insect; Xu Miao also pronounces it "乌郭反." The "虵" in "龙虵" is the same as "蛇" in the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" dictionary. The "蛰" in "之蛰" is pronounced zhé, as indicated by "直立反." The term "全身" is sometimes written as "存身" in some versions. The "思" in "思虑" is pronounced sì, as indicated by "息吏反." The "累" in "而累" is pronounced lèi, as indicated by "劣伪反." The "蒺" is pronounced jí, as indicated by "疾." The "藜" is pronounced lí, as indicated by "棃." The "其" in "死其" is also written as "期." The character "射" is annotated as "食亦反," pronounced shè, and this pronunciation is consistent in the following annotations.

隼（恤允反）。髙墉（音容）。不括（古活反，結也）。結閡（五代反）。不懲（直升反）。屨（俱遇反）。校（胡孝反，下同）。滅止（本亦作趾）。弗去（羌呂反）。何校（河可反，又音河）。其治（直吏反，下同）。知小（音智）。尟不（本亦作鮮仙善反少也）。折足（之設反）。覆公（芳六反）。餗（音速馬作粥）。形渥（於角反）。不勝（音升）。而上（時掌反）。未離（力智反）。先見（賢遍反）。介於（徐音戒眾家作介徐云王廙古黠反）。斷可（丁亂反，注同）。復行（扶又反，注復行同）。造形（七報反）。

The character 「隼」is annotated as 「恤允反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced sǔn. The character 「墉」in 「高墉」is pronounced 「容」, read as yōng. The character 「括」in 「不括」is annotated as 「古活反」, pronounced kuò, meaning to tie up. The character 「阂」in 「结阂」is annotated as 「五代反」, pronounced ài. The character 「惩」in 「不惩」is annotated as 「直升反」, pronounced chéng. The character 「屦」is annotated as 「俱遇反」, pronounced jù. The character 「校」is annotated as 「胡孝反」, pronounced jiào, same in the following text. The character 「止」in 「灭止」is sometimes written as 「趾」in some editions. The character 「去」in 「弗去」is annotated as 「羌吕反」, pronounced qù. The character 「何」in 「何校」is annotated as 「河可反」, pronounced hè, and also pronounced 「河」. The character 「治」in 「其治」is annotated as 「直吏反」, pronounced zhì, same in the following text. The character 「知」in 「知小」is pronounced 「智」, read as zhì. The character 「尟」in 「尟不」is sometimes written as 「鲜」in some editions, pronounced 「仙善反」, that is xiǎn, meaning few. The character 「折」in 「折足」is annotated as 「之设反」, pronounced zhé. The character 「覆」in 「覆公」is annotated as 「芳六反」, pronounced fù. The character 「餗」is pronounced 「速」, read as sù; Ma Rong reads it as 「粥」. The character 「渥」in 「形渥」is annotated as 「于角反」, pronounced wò. The character 「胜」in 「不胜」is pronounced 「升」, read as shēng. The character 「上」in 「而上」is annotated as 「时掌反」, pronounced shǎng. The character 「离」in 「未离」is annotated as 「力智反」, pronounced lì. The character 「见」in 「先见」is annotated as 「贤遍反」, pronounced xiàn. The character 「介」in 「介于」is pronounced 「戒」by Xu Miao; all schools read it as 「介」; Xu Miao said Wang Yi read it as 「古黠反」. The character 「断」in 「断可」is annotated as 「丁乱反」, pronounced duàn, same in the annotation. The character 「复」in 「复行」is annotated as 「扶又反」, pronounced fù, same in the annotation as 「复行」. The character 「造」in 「造形」is annotated as 「七报反」, pronounced zào.

之分（符問反）。無祇（韓音祁支反注同王廙輔嗣音支）。舎凶（音舍）。絪（本又作氤同音因）。縕（本又作氳紆云反）。化醇（音淳）。易其（以豉反）。不迕（五路反，字亦作忤）。其易之門邪（本又作門戸邪）。之撰（仕勉反，下章同數也，廣雅云定也，王肅士眷反）。數也（色柱反）。爻繇（直救反，下同服䖍云抽也，抽出吉凶也，韋昭云由也，吉凶所由而出也）。於稽（古兮反，考也）。闡幽（昌善反，明也）。辯物（如字徐扶勉反別也）。斷辭（丁亂反，注同）。辭文（如字一音問）。

The character "分" in "之分" is read as fèn. "符问反" is a reverse-sound annotation. The character "祇" in "无祇" is read as qí zhī, as noted by Han Kangbo; the same annotation is used in the text. Wang Yi and Wang Fuxi read it as "zhī". The character "舎" in "舎凶" is read as "shě". The character "絪" is sometimes written as "氤" in other versions, and is read as yīn. The character "缊" is sometimes written as "氲", and is read as yūn. The character "醇" in "化醇" is read as chún. The character "易" in "易其" is read as yì, as noted by "以豉反". The character "迕" in "不迕" is read as wù, and the character is also written as "忤". In some versions, "其易之门邪" is written as "门戸邪". The character "撰" in "之撰" is read as zhuàn, and the same pronunciation is used in the next chapter, meaning "number"; in the "Guangya", it means "determined"; Wang Su reads it as "shì juàn". The character "数" in "数也" is read as shǔ. The character "繇" in "爻繇" is read as zhòu, and the same pronunciation is used later; Fu Qian explains it as "chōu", meaning to draw out good and bad fortune; Wei Zhao explains it as "yóu", meaning good and bad fortune arise from this. The character "稽" in "于稽" is read as jī, meaning "to examine". The character "阐" in "阐幽" is read as chǎn, meaning "to illuminate". The character "辩物" is read as written, but Xu Miao reads it as "fú miǎn", meaning "to distinguish". The character "断" in "断辞" is read as duàn, and the annotation uses the same pronunciation. The character "辞文" is read as written, but another pronunciation is "wèn".

而中（丁仲反，注同）。因貳（音二鄭云當為弍）。民行（下孟反，注同）。所蹈（徒報反）。之柄（兵病反）。之修（如字鄭云治也，馬作循）。之辯（如字王肅免反）。不厭（於豔反，注同）。後易（以豉反，注同）。長裕（丁丈反，注同）。其施（始豉反，下同）。巽稱（尺證反，又尺升反）。和行（下孟反）。以逺（於萬反，注同）。不濫（力暫反）。可逺（馬王肅韓萬反注皆同師讀如字）。上下（時掌反，章末同）。趣舎（音舍）。處昧（音妹）。而揆（葵癸反，度也）。其方（馬云方道）。

The character "中" in "而中" is pronounced "zhòng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "丁仲反"; the annotation is the same. The character "贰" in "因贰" is pronounced "èr"; Zheng Xuan says it should be read as "弍". The character "行" in "民行" is pronounced "xìng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "下孟反"; the annotation is the same. The character "蹈" in "所蹈" is pronounced "dào" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "徒报反". The character "柄" in "之柄" is pronounced "bǐng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "兵病反". The character "修" in "之修" is read as the original character; Zheng Xuan explains it as "treat" or "govern"; Ma Rong reads it as "循". The character "辩" in "之辩" is read as the original character; Wang Su has another reading, but the first character of the reverse-slicing is missing, and the second character is "免". The character "厌" in "不厌" is pronounced "yàn" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "于艳反"; the annotation is the same. The character "易" in "后易" is pronounced "yì" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "以豉反"; the annotation is the same. The character "长" in "长裕" is pronounced "zhǎng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "丁丈反"; the annotation is the same. The character "施" in "其施" is pronounced "shì" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "始豉反"; the same pronunciation is used in the following text. The character "称" in "巽称" is pronounced "chèng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "尺证反", and also "chísēng". The character "行" in "和行" is pronounced "xìng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "下孟反". The character "逺" in "以逺" is the same as "远", pronounced "yuàn" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "于万反"; the annotation is the same. The character "滥" in "不滥" is pronounced "làn" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "力暂反". The character "逺" in "可逺" is read as "yuàn" by Ma Rong, Wang Su, and Han Kangbo; the annotations are the same; Shi Shuo reads it as the original character. The character "上" in "上下" is pronounced "shǎng" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "时掌反"; the same pronunciation is used at the end of the chapter. The character "舎" in "趣舎" is pronounced "she" as in "舍". The character "昧" in "处昧" is pronounced "mèi" as in "妹". The character "揆" in "而揆" is pronounced "kuí" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "葵癸反"; it is explained as "measure" or "judgment". The character "方" according to Ma Rong is "the way".

能循（似倫反）。以度（待洛反）。以要（一遙反，下又要終同）。其要（於妙反）。易知（以豉反）。撰德（鄭作算云數也）。噫（於其反，王肅於力反辭也，馬同）。亦要（一妙反，絶句又一遙反則句至吉凶）。則居（馬如字處也，師音同鄭王肅音基辭）。知者（音智）。辭（吐貫反，馬云辭卦辭也，鄭云爻辭也，周同王肅云舉象之要也，師通謂爻卦之辭也，一云即夫子辭）。則思（息吏反）。貫之（古亂反）。轉近（附近之近下章以近同）。而上（時掌反）。須援（於眷反）。剛勝（升證反，一音升）。

The character "循" in "能循" is pronounced xún, as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation "似伦反." The "度" in "以度" is pronounced duó, as noted by "待洛反." The "要" in "以要" is pronounced yāo, as indicated by "一遥反," and the same pronunciation applies to "要终" later. The "要" in "其要" is pronounced yào, as noted by "于妙反." The "易" in "易知" is pronounced yì, as indicated by "以豉反." In the phrase "撰德," Zheng Xuan interprets it as "算," meaning number. The character "噫" is annotated as "于其反," pronounced yī; Wang Su reads it as "于力反," considering it a grammatical particle, and Ma Rong agrees. The "要" in "亦要" is pronounced "一妙反," with the sentence break here; if read as "一遥反," it would be read with "吉凶" as a separate clause. The "居" in "则居" is read as "基" by Zheng Xuan and Wang Su, serving as a grammatical particle, while Ma Rong reads it as the original character, meaning "to reside"; the explanation by Shi Shuo is the same. The "知" in "知者" is pronounced "智," meaning "zhì." The character following "辞" is annotated as "吐贯反," pronounced tuàn; Ma Rong says it refers to the Hexagram Statement, Zheng Xuan says it refers to the Line Statement, and Zhou Hongzheng agrees; Wang Su says it refers to the essential meaning of the hexagram; Shi Shuo refers generally to both hexagram and line statements; another interpretation is that it refers to the words composed by Confucius. The "思" in "则思" is pronounced sì, as indicated by "息吏反." The "贯" in "贯之" is pronounced guàn, as noted by "古乱反." The "近" in "转近" is read as "近" meaning "near," and the same applies to "以近" in the next chapter. The "上" in "而上" is pronounced shǎng, as indicated by "时掌反." The "援" in "须援" is pronounced yuàn, as noted by "于眷反." The "胜" in "刚胜" is pronounced shèng, as indicated by "升证反," and another pronunciation is "升."

勝其（音升）。閒邪（似嗟反）。其當（如字下當文王同）。紂（直又反）。蒙難（乃旦反）。能亨（許庚反）。易者（以豉反，注同）。其治（直吏反）。德行（下孟反，下德行同）。易以（以䜴反，下注險易同）。知阻（莊呂反）。能（音恱注同）。亹亹（亡偉反，鄭云汲汲也，王肅云勉也）。役思（息吏反）。探（吐南反）。射（食亦反）。不厭（於豔反）。以盡（津忍反，下同）。愛惡（烏路反，注同鄭烏洛反）。泯然（亡忍反）。比爻（毗志反）。辭枝（音支）。誣善（音無）。

The character "胜" in "胜其" is pronounced "shēng" as in "升". The character "邪" in "闲邪" is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "似嗟反", which is read as "xié". The character "当" in "其当" is read as it is written, and the same applies to "当文王" later. The character "纣" is annotated with "直又反", which is read as "zhòu". The character "难" in "蒙难" is annotated with "乃旦反", which is read as "nàn". The character "亨" in "能亨" is annotated with "许庚反", which is read as "hēng". The character "易" in "易者" is annotated with "以豉反", which is read as "yì", and the same applies to the annotation text. The character "治" in "其治" is annotated with "直吏反", which is read as "zhì". The character "行" in "德行" is annotated with "下孟反", which is read as "xìng", and the same applies to "德行" later. The character "易" in "易以" is annotated with "以䜴反", which is read as "yì", and the same applies to "险易" later. The character "阻" in "知阻" is annotated with "庄吕反", which is read as "zǔ". The character below "能" is annotated with "音恱", which is read as "yuè", and the same applies to the annotation text. The character "亹亹" is annotated with "亡伟反", which is read as "wěi"; Zheng Xuan explains it as "汲汲不倦", while Wang Su explains it as "勉". The character "思" in "役思" is annotated with "息吏反", which is read as "sì". The character "探" is annotated with "吐南反", which is read as "tān". The character "射" is annotated with "食亦反", which is read as "shè". The character "厌" in "不厌" is annotated with "于艳反", which is read as "yàn". The character "尽" in "以尽" is annotated with "津忍反", which is read as "jǐn", and the same applies later. The character "恶" in "爱恶" is annotated with "乌路反", which is read as "wù", and the same applies to the annotation text; Zheng Xuan reads it as "乌洛反". The character "泯" in "泯然" is annotated with "亡忍反", which is read as "mǐn". The character "比" in "比爻" is annotated with "毗志反", which is read as "bì". The character "枝" in "辞枝" is pronounced "zhī" as in "支". The character "诬" in "诬善" is pronounced "wú" as in "无".

周易卦第九幽贊（本或作讃子旦反幽深也，贊明也）。蓍（音尸文云蒿屬生千歳三百莖易以為數天子九尺諸侯七尺大夫五尺士三尺毛詩草木䟽云似藾蕭靑色科生鴻範五行傳云蓍百年一本生百莖論衡云七十歳生一莖七百歳生十莖神靈之物故生遲也，史記云生滿百莖者其下必有神守之其上常有雲氣覆之淮南子云上有叢蓍下有伏）。如向（香兩反，本又作響）。參（七南反，又如字音三）。天（或作夫者非）。而（於綺反，馬云依也，王肅其綺反云立也，虞同蜀才作竒通）。數（色具反）。

This passage begins with the heading "The Ninth Hexagram of the Zhou Yi" which is the title of the chapter "Shuo Gua" (Explanation of the Hexagrams). The character "shuo" is missing. The character "zan" in "yōu zan" is sometimes written as "zan" (read as zàn, with the pronunciation "zi dan fan"). "Yōu" is interpreted as deep, and "zan" as clear. The character "shi" is pronounced "shi" (read as shī). The Shuo Wen Jie Zi says it is a type of wormwood, growing for a thousand years and having three hundred stems. The Zhou Yi uses it to count numbers. The diviner's divining sticks, used for divination, are nine feet long for the Son of Heaven, seven feet for the feudal lords, five feet for the ministers, and three feet for the commoners. The Mao Shi Caomu Shu says that shi resembles lao xiao, being green and growing in clusters. The Hong Fan Wu Xing Zhuan says that a single shi plant can produce a hundred stems after a hundred years. The Lun Heng says that it produces one stem every seventy years and ten stems every seven hundred years, making it a divine object, hence its slow growth. The Shi Ji says that any shi plant that grows to have a hundred stems must have a divine being guarding it below and clouds covering it above. The Huainanzi says that there is a cluster of shi above and hidden treasures below; the last character is missing. The character "xiang" in "ru xiang" is read as xiàng ("xiang" with the pronunciation "xiang liang fan"). Some editions read it as "xiang." The character "can" is annotated as "qi nan fan," read as cān; it can also be read as "san" ("san"). The character "tian" in some editions is mistakenly written as "fu," which is incorrect. The character below "er" is annotated as "yu qi fan," read as yǐ; Ma Rong interprets it as "yi," Wang Su reads it as "qi qi fan," interpreting it as "li," and Yu Fan is the same; Shu Cai writes "qi," which is semantically similar. The character "shu" is annotated as "se ju fan," read as shù.

參竒（紀冝反）。觀變（一本作觀變化）。發揮（音輝鄭云揚也，王廙韓云散也）。盡性（津忍反）。要其（一遙反）。迭用（田節反）。六位而成章（本又作六畫）。相薄（旁各反，陸云相附薄也，馬鄭顧云薄入也）。相射（食亦反，虞陸董姚王肅音亦云厭也）。數往（色具反，又色主反）。而數（色主反，下文同）。晅（況晚反，京云乾也，本又作暅徐古鄧反又一音香元反）。以（音恱後皆同）。嚮明（許亮反）。而治（直吏反）。妙萬物（如字王肅作眇音妙董云眇成也）。

"San Qi" (参竒) "Qi" (竒) is pronounced jī, as indicated by the reverse-sounding annotation "Ji" (纪冝反). "Guan Bian" (观变) is sometimes written as "Guan Bianhua" (观变化). "Fahui" (发挥) "Hui" (挥) is pronounced huī; Zheng Xuan explains it as "Yang" (扬), while Wang Yi and Han Kangbo explain it as "San" (散). "Jin Xing" (尽性) "Jin" (尽) is pronounced jǐn, as indicated by "Jin Ren" (津忍反). "Yao Qi" (要其) "Yao" (要) is pronounced yāo, as indicated by "Yi Yao" (一遥反). "Die Yong" (迭用) "Die" (迭) is pronounced dié, as indicated by "Tian Jie" (田节反). "Liu Wei Cheng Zhang" (六位而成章) is sometimes written as "Liu Hua" (六画). "Xiang Bo" (相薄) "Bo" (薄) is pronounced bó, as indicated by "Pang Ge" (旁各反); Lu Ji says it means "mutual attachment and proximity," while Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, and Gu氏 explain "Bo" as "Ru" (入). "Xiang She" (相射) "She" (射) is pronounced shè, as indicated by "Shi Yi" (食亦反); Yu Fan, Lu Ji, Dong Yu, Yao Xin, and Wang Su pronounce it as "Yi" (亦), explaining it as "Yan" (厌). "Shu Wang" (数往) "Shu" (数) is pronounced shù, as indicated by "Se Ju" (色具反), and also pronounced "Se Zhu" (色主反). "Er Shu" (而数) "Shu" (数) is pronounced shǔ, as indicated by "Se Zhu" (色主反), and the same pronunciation follows below. "Xuan" (晅) is annotated as "Kuang Wan" (况晚反), pronounced xuǎn; Jing Fang explains it as "Gan" (干); some versions read it as "Geng" (暅), with Xu Miao pronouncing it as "Gu Deng" (古邓反), and another pronunciation as "Xiang Yuan" (香元反). The first character of the next entry is missing, and the annotation reads "Yin Yue" (音恱), pronounced yuè, and the same pronunciation follows below. "Xiang Ming" (向明) "Xiang" (向) is pronounced xiàng, as indicated by "Xu Liang" (许亮反). "Er Zhi" (而治) "Zhi" (治) is pronounced zhì, as indicated by "Zhi Li" (直吏反). "Miao Wan Wu" (妙万物) is read as written; Wang Su writes it as "Miao" (眇), pronounced "Miao" (妙); Dong Yu says "Miao" means "Achievement" (成就).

橈（徐乃飽反王肅乃敎反又呼勞反）。熯（王肅云呼但反火氣也，徐本作暵音漢云暵也，文同）。莫盛（是政反，鄭音成云裹也）。水火不相逮（音代一音大計反鄭宋陸王肅王廙無不字）。悖（必內反，逆也）。為豕（京作）。為狗（音苟）。一索（色白反，下同馬云數也，王肅云求也）。長男（丁丈反，下長女長子皆同）。中男（丁仲反，下同）。少男（詩照反，下少女皆同）。為圜（音圎）。瘠（在亦反，下同王廙云健之甚者為多骨也，京荀作柴云多筋乾）。駁（邦角反）。

The character 「桡」is read by Xu Miao as 「náo」, and by Wang Su as 「nàojiao」and also 「hulao」. The character 「熯」is read by Wang Su as 「hudan」, meaning fire heat; Xu Miao's version is 「暵」, pronounced 「han」, meaning dry heat, as in the Shuowen Jiezi. The character 「盛」in 「莫盛」is read as 「shèng」by the reverse-sound annotation 「是政反」; Zheng Xuan reads it as 「cheng」, meaning to wrap. The character 「逮」in 「水火不相逮」is read as 「dài」, with another pronunciation 「daji」; the versions of Zheng Xuan, Song Zhong, Lu Ji, Wang Su, and Wang Yi do not include the character 「不」. The character 「悖」is read as 「bèi」by the reverse-sound annotation 「必内反」, meaning to go against. The character 「豕」in 「爲豕」is written as a variant form by Jing Fang. The character 「狗」in 「为狗」is read as 「gǒu」. The character 「索」in 「一索」is read as 「suǒ」by the reverse-sound annotation 「色白反」, and is used similarly in the following text; Ma Rong explains it as number, while Wang Su explains it as seeking. The character 「长」in 「长男」is read as 「zhǎng」by the reverse-sound annotation 「丁丈反」, and is used similarly in the following 「长女」and 「长子」. The character 「中」in 「中男」is read as 「zhòng」by the reverse-sound annotation 「丁仲反」, and is used similarly in the following text. The character 「少」in 「少男」is read as 「shào」by the reverse-sound annotation 「诗照反」, and is used similarly in the following 「少女」. The character 「圜」in 「为圜」is read as 「yuán」. The character 「瘠」is read as 「jí」by the reverse-sound annotation 「在亦反」, and is used similarly in the following text; Wang Yi says that a very strong horse has many bones; Jing Fang and Xun Shuang write it as 「柴」, saying it refers to having many sinews and bones. The character 「驳」is read as 「bó」by the reverse-sound annotation 「邦角反」.

為釡（房甫反）。為吝（京作遴）。嗇（音色）。為柄（彼病反）。為龍（如字虞乾作駹虞云倉色乾云雜色）。為旉（王肅音孚乾云花之通名鋪為花貌謂之，本又作專如字虞同姚云專一也，鄭市戀反）。蒼筤（音郎或作琅通）。萑（音九廣雅云藡也，藡音狄）。葦（韋反，蘆）。馵（主樹反，京作朱荀同陽在下）。的（丁歷反，文作馰）。顙（桑黨反，的顙白顚）。反生（麻豆之屬反生戴莩甲而出也，虞作阪云陵坂也，陸云阪當為反）。蕃（音煩）。鮮（息連反）。為臭（昌又反，王肅作為香臭）。

The character "釡" in "为釡" is pronounced "fǔ" as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "房甫反". "为吝" is read as "lín" according to Jing Fang. "啬" is pronounced "sè". The character "柄" in "为柄" is read as "bǐng" according to "彼病反". "为龙" is read as written; Yu Fan and Gan Bao read it as "駹", with Yu Fan explaining it as the color of green and Gan Bao describing it as a mixed color. The character "旉" in "为旉" is read as "fū" by Wang Su; Gan Bao explains it as a general term for flowers, and the character is described as spreading out like a flower, though the last character is missing in some versions. Some versions read it as "专", read as written, with Yu Fan agreeing; Yao Xin explains it as meaning "special" or "exclusive"; Zheng Xuan reads it as "shì liàn". The character "筤" in "苍筤" is read as "láng"; some versions read it as "láng", which is acceptable. The character "萑" is annotated as "jiǔ"; the "Guangya" says it is the same as "藡", which is read as "dí". The character "苇" is annotated as "wéi", with the last character of the reverse-slicing missing, and it is explained as "reed". The character "馵" is annotated as "zhù"; Jing Fang reads it as "zhū", and Xun Shuang agrees; it refers to a yang line at the bottom. The character "的" is annotated as "dī lì", read as "dì"; the "Shuowen" reads it as "馰". The character "颡" is annotated as "sāng dǎng", read as "sǎng"; "的颡" refers to a white forehead. "反生" refers to plants like millet growing upwards with the pods facing up; Yu Fan reads it as "bǎn", explaining it as a hillside; Lu Ji says "bǎn" should be read as "fǎn". "蕃" is read as "fán". "鲜" is annotated as "xī lián", read as "xiān". The character "臭" in "为臭" is read as "chòu" according to "昌又反"; Wang Su reads it as "xiāng chòu".

寡髮（如字，本又作宣黒白雜為宣髮）。為廣（如字鄭作黃）。為近（附近之近）。三倍（歩罪反）。其究（九又反）。矯（紀表反，一本作撟同）。輮（如九反，王肅奴又反又女九反又如又反馬鄭陸王肅本作此宋衷王廙作揉宋云使曲者直直者曲為揉京作柔荀作橈）。弓輪（姚作倫）。美脊（精亦反）。為亟（紀力反，王肅去記反荀作極云中也）。為薄（旁博反）。蹄（徒低反）。為曳（以制反）。眚（生領反，王廙云病也）。甲冑（直又反）。乾卦（古丹反，鄭云乾當為乾陽在外能幹正也，董作乾）。

"Guǎ fà" is read as written; some editions read it as "xuān," referring to hair that is a mixture of black and white. "Wéi guǎng" is read as written; Zheng Xuan reads it as "huáng." The "jìn" in "wéi jìn" is read as "jìn," meaning nearby. The "bèi" in "sān bèi" is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "bù zuì fǎn," which is read as bèi. The "jiū" in "qí jiū" is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "jiǔ yòu fǎn," which is read as jiù. The "jiǎo" is annotated with "jì biǎo fǎn," read as jiǎo; another edition reads it as "jiǎo," which is the same. The "róu" is annotated with "rú jiǔ fǎn," read as róu; Wang Su reads it as "nú yòu fǎn," also as "nǚ jiǔ fǎn," and also as "rú yòu fǎn"; the editions of Ma Rong, Zheng Xuan, Lu Ji, and Wang Su read this character; Song Zhong and Wang Yi read it as "róu," and Song Zhong explains that making curved things straight and straight things curved is called "róu"; Jing Fang reads it as "róu," and Xun Shuang reads it as "náo." "Gōng lún" is read by Yao Xin as "lún." The "jí" in "měi jí" is annotated with "jīng yì fǎn," read as jí. The "jí" in "wéi jí" is annotated with "jì lì fǎn," read as jí; Wang Su reads it as "qù jì fǎn"; Xun Shuang reads it as "jí," meaning middle. The "bó" in "wéi bó" is annotated with "páng bó fǎn," read as bó. The "tí" is annotated with "tú dī fǎn," read as tí. The "yè" in "wéi yè" is annotated with "yǐ zhì fǎn," read as yè. The "shěng" is annotated with "shēng lǐng fǎn," read as shěng; Wang Yi explains it as illness. The "zhòu" in "jiǎ zhòu" is annotated with "zhí yòu fǎn," read as zhòu. The "gān" in "gān guà" is annotated with "gǔ dān fǎn," read as gān; Zheng Xuan says "gān" should be read as "gān," meaning yang is outside and can influence the correct; Dong Yu reads it as "gān."

鱉（卑列反，本又作鱉同）。蟹（戸賣反）。蠃（力禾反，京作螺姚作蠡）。蚌（歩項反，本又作蜯同）。科（苦禾反，空也，虞作折）。槁（苦老反，鄭作槀乾作熇）。為徑（古定反）。果蓏（力火反，馬云果桃李之屬蓏之屬應劭云木實曰果草實曰蓏文云在木曰果在地曰蓏張晏云有核曰果無核曰蓏京本作果墮之字）。（音昬）。寺（如字徐音侍亦作䦙字）。黔（其亷反，徐音禽王肅其嚴反鄭作黚謂虎豹之屬貪冒之類）。喙（況廢反，徐丁遘反）。

The character 「鳖」is annotated as 「卑列反」, which is a reverse-sound annotation, pronounced biē; some editions use 「鳖」, which is the same. The character 「蟹」is annotated as 「戸卖反」, pronounced xiè. The character 「蠃」is annotated as 「力禾反」, pronounced luó; Jing Fang uses 「螺」, and Yao Xin uses 「蠡」. The character 「蚌」is annotated as 「歩项反」, pronounced bàng; some editions use 「蜯」, which is the same. The character 「科」is annotated as 「苦禾反」, pronounced kē, meaning empty; Yu Fan uses 「折」. The character 「槁」is annotated as 「苦老反」, pronounced gǎo; Zheng Xuan uses 「槀」, and Gan Bao uses 「熇」. The character 「径」in 「为径」is annotated as 「古定反」, pronounced jìng. The character 「蓏」in 「果蓏」is annotated as 「力火反」, pronounced luǒ; Ma Rong says 「果」refers to peach and plum, and 「蓏」refers to gourd and melon, but the character has been lost; Ying Shao says fruits on trees are called 「果」, and fruits on grass are called 「蓏」; the Shuo Wen Jie Zi says fruits on trees are called 「果」, and fruits on the ground are called 「蓏」; Zhang Yan says fruits with seeds are called 「果」, and fruits without seeds are called 「蓏」; Jing Fang's edition uses 「果堕」, where the character 「堕」is used. The next entry's head character is missing, and it is annotated as 「音昬」, pronounced hūn. The character 「寺」is read as is; Xu Miao pronounces it 「侍」; it is also written as 「䦙」. The character 「黔」is annotated as 「其亷反」, pronounced qián; Xu Miao pronounces it 「禽」; Wang Su pronounces it 「其严反」; Zheng Xuan uses 「黚」, saying it refers to greedy beasts like tigers and leopards. The character 「喙」is annotated as 「况废反」, pronounced huì; Xu Miao pronounces it 「丁遘反」.

為堅多節（一本無堅字）。為巫（亡符反）。附決（如字徐音穴）。剛滷（力杜反，咸土也）。為羊（虞作羔此六子依求索而為次第也，本亦有以三男居前三女後從乾健也，章至此韓無注或有注者非也，荀爽九家集解本乾後更有四為龍為直為衣為言巛後有八為牝為迷為方為囊為裳為黃為帛為漿震後有三為王為鵠為鼓巽後有二為楊為鸛坎後有八為宮為律為可為棟為叢為狐為蒺蔾為桎梏離後有一為牝牛艮後有三為鼻為虎為狐兊後有二為常為輔頰注云常西方神也，不同故記之於此）。

"The meaning is 'to be firm with many joints,' but another version does not have the character 'firm.' The character 'wu' in 'as a witch' is pronounced wū, as indicated by the reverse phonetic annotation 'wang fu fan.' 'Fu jue' is read as written; Xu Miao pronounces it 'xue.' The character 'lu' in 'strong and saline' is pronounced lǔ, referring to soil containing salt and alkali. 'As a sheep,' Yu Fan interprets it as 'gao.' The six sons' hexagrams are arranged in the order of 'seeking and searching.' Some versions place the three male hexagrams first and the three female hexagrams later, following 'Qian, meaning strength.' This chapter ends without commentary from Han Kangbo; some versions have incorrect annotations. The Xu Shuang 'Jiu Jia Ji Jie' version adds four items after the Qian hexagram: as a dragon, as straightness, as clothing, as speech; eight items after the Kun hexagram: as female, as confusion, as square, as bag, as lower garment, as yellow, as silk, as soup; three items after the Zhen hexagram: as king, as goose, as drum; two items after the Xun hexagram: as Yang, as crane; eight items after the Kan hexagram: as palace, as musical pitch, as possible, as beam, as thicket, as fox, as thorn, as handcuffs; one item after the Li hexagram: as female cow; three items after the Gen hexagram: as nose, as tiger, as fox; two items after the Dui hexagram: as deity, as cheek. The commentary says 'deity' refers to the god of the west. Because these differ from the common version, they are recorded here."

周易序卦第十之稺（直吏反，本或作稚）。爭興（爭之爭下同）。所比（毗志反，下注同）。所畜（敕六反，本亦作蓄下及雜卦同）。以否（備鄙反，下同）。以觀（官喚反）。亨則（許庚反，鄭許兩反徐音向同）。實喪（息浪反）。所錯（七各反，注同徐七路反）。之縕（紆粉反，本又作蘊）。逺小人（萬反）。有難（乃旦反，下同）。以解（音蟹下同）。決邪（似嗟反）。而上（時掌反）。去故（起呂反，下同）。以和（胡臥反，又如字）。齊（才細反，又如字）。若長（丁丈反）。（音恱下及注同）。行過（下孟反）。

This passage begins with the heading “The Order of the Hexagrams, Tenth Chapter” from the Zhou Changes. 「之稺」 refers to 「稚」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「直吏反」 indicating the pronunciation zhì; some editions read 「稚」. 「争兴」 refers to 「争」 as in 「争斗」, and the same pronunciation is used below. 「所比」 refers to 「比」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「毗志反」 indicating the pronunciation bì, which is used again in the commentary. 「所畜」 refers to 「畜」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「敕六反」 indicating the pronunciation chù; some editions read 「蓄」, and the same is used in the “Zagua” section. 「以否」 refers to 「否」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「备鄙反」 indicating the pronunciation pǐ, which is used again below. 「以观」 refers to 「观」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「官唤反」 indicating the pronunciation guàn. 「亨则」 refers to 「亨」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「许庚反」 indicating the pronunciation hēng; Zheng Xuan reads it as 「许两反」 meaning xiǎng, Xu Ma reads it as 「向」, which is the same as Zheng’s reading. 「实丧」 refers to 「丧」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「息浪反」 indicating the pronunciation sàng. 「所错」 refers to 「错」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「七各反」 indicating the pronunciation cuò, which is used in the commentary; Xu Ma reads it as 「七路反」. 「之缊」 refers to 「缊」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「纡粉反」 indicating the pronunciation yùn; some editions read 「蕴」. 「逺小人」 refers to 「远」, with the annotation 「万反」, the first character of the reverse-sounding annotation is missing, and the pronunciation is yuàn. 「有难」 refers to 「难」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「乃旦反」 indicating the pronunciation nàn, which is used again below. 「以解」 refers to 「解」, pronounced as 「蟹」, meaning xiè, which is used again below. 「决邪」 refers to 「邪」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「似嗟反」 indicating the pronunciation xié. 「而上」 refers to 「上」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「时掌反」 indicating the pronunciation shǎng. 「去故」 refers to 「去」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「起吕反」 indicating the pronunciation qù, which is used again below. 「以和」 refers to 「和」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「胡卧反」 indicating the pronunciation hè, which can also be read as the original character. 「齐」 is annotated as 「才细反」, indicating the pronunciation jì, which can also be read as the original character. 「若长」 refers to 「长」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「丁丈反」 indicating the pronunciation zhǎng. The next heading’s first character is missing, and the annotation reads 「音恱」, indicating the pronunciation yuè, which is used again below and in the commentary. 「行过」 refers to 「行」, with the reverse-sounding annotation 「下孟反」 indicating the pronunciation xìng.

周易雜卦（韓云雜糅眾卦也，孟云雜亂也）。第十一雜糅（如又反）。比（毗志反，下同）。樂（音洛注同）。臨觀（古亂反）。屯見（賢遍反，注及下皆同鄭如字）。經綸（本又作論音倫又力門反）。上升（時掌反，下文離上並注同）。豫怠（如字姚同京作治虞作怡）。則飭（音敕注同整治也，鄭本王肅作飾）。剝爛（老旦反）。晝也（竹又反）。誅也（荀云誅滅也，陸韓云傷也）。解（音蟹）。難也（乃旦反）。眾（荀作終）。去故（起呂反）。豐多故（眾家以此絶句）。親寡旅也（荀本豐多故親絶句寡旅也，別為句）。道長（丁丈反）。

The "Zagua" section of the "Zhouyi" is explained by Han Kangbo as combining various hexagrams together, while Meng Xi says it is disorderly and without order. The character "ruo" in "zanyou" is a phonetic annotation marked as "ruo" (róu). The character "bi" in "bi zhi" is annotated as "pi zhi fan" and is read as "bi" (bì), the same as below. The character "le" is read as "luo" (lè), and the annotations are the same. The character "guan" in "ling guan" is annotated as "gu lu fan" and is read as "guan" (guàn). The character "jian" in "zhun jian" is annotated as "xian pian fan" and is read as "xian" (xiàn), the same in the annotations and below; Zheng Xuan reads it as the original character. The character "gun" in "jing lun" is sometimes written as "lun" in some versions, read as "lun" (lún), and also read as "li men fan". The character "shang" in "shang sheng" is annotated as "shi zhang fan" and is read as "shang" (shǎng), the same in the following "li shang" and annotations. "Yu dai" is read as the original character, with Yao Xin agreeing; Jing Fang reads it as "zhi", Yu Fan reads it as "yi". The character "chi" in "zhe chi" is read as "chi" (chì), the same in the annotations, meaning to整顿; Zheng Xuan's version and Wang Su's version read it as "shi". The character "lan" in "bo lan" is annotated as "lao dan fan" and is read as "lan" (lán). The character "zhou" in "zhou ye" is annotated as "zhu you fan" and is read as "zhou" (zhòu). "Zhu ye" is explained by Xun Shuang as "zhu" meaning to destroy, while Lu Ji and Han Kangbo explain it as "shang" (to injure). The character "jie" is read as "xia" (xiè). The character "nan" in "nan ye" is annotated as "nai dan fan" and is read as "nan" (nàn). The character "zhong" in "zhong" is interpreted by Xun Shuang as "zhong" (zhong). The character "qu" in "qu gu" is annotated as "qi lv fan" and is read as "qu" (qu). In "feng duo gu", all schools of thought make the same division. In "qin gua lu ye", Xun Shuang's version divides it at "feng duo gu qin", and "gua lu ye" is another sentence. The character "chang" in "dao chang" is annotated as "ding zhang fan" and is read as "chang" (zhang).

周易畧例（此是輔嗣所作旣釋經文故相承講之今亦隨世音焉或有題為第十者後人輒加之耳）。明動不能制動（一本作天地不能制動）。貞夫（音符後皆同）。琁（悉全反，又作旋）。璣（音機，本又作機或作幾）。輻（音福）。湊（乾豆反）。則思（息吏反）。可逺（於萬反）。能渝（羊朱反）。至賾（仕責反）。能與（音預）。觀喙以斯（一本作以觀之）。明爻通變好靜（呼報反）。度量（音亮）。朝（直遙反）。廷（音定）。必比（毗志反）。隆墀（本又作坻直其反坻蟻冢）。逺壑（火各反）。而濟（一本作而載）。能（音恱）。善邇（善又作繕）。愛惡（烏路反，次章同）。語成而後有格（舊本如此一本格作括）。

"The Zhou Changes Outline" was written by Wang Fusi, as it explains the classic text. Therefore, throughout history, those who have studied the Zhou Changes have passed down and studied it. Now, people also commonly annotate its pronunciation. Some editions title it "Tenth," which was added by later commentators. "Mingdong cannot zhidong" is another version of the text, which reads "Tian and Di cannot zhidong." The character "fu" in "Zhenfu" is pronounced "fu," read as fú, and the same pronunciation is used throughout the text. "Xuan" is annotated as "Xi Quan Fan," which is a reverse-sound annotation, read as xuán; it is also written as "xuan." "Ji" is pronounced "ji," read as jī; some editions write it as "ji" or "ji." "Fu" is pronounced "fu," read as fú. "Cou" is annotated as "Gan Dou Fan," and the character is read as còu. The "si" in "Ze Si" is annotated as "Xi Li Fan," read as sì. The "yuan" in "Ke Yuan" is the same as "yuan," annotated as "Yu Wan Fan," read as yuàn. The "yu" in "Neng Yu" is annotated as "Yang Zhu Fan," read as yú. The "ze" in "Zhi Ze" is annotated as "Shi Ze Fan," read as zé. The "yu" in "Neng Yu" is pronounced "yu," read as yù. "Guan Hui Yi Si" is another version, which reads "Yi Guan Zhi." The "hao" in "Ming Yao Tong Bian Hao Jing" is annotated as "Hu Bao Fan," read as hào. The "liang" in "Du Liang" is pronounced "liang," read as liàng. The "chao" is annotated as "Zhi Yao Fan," read as cháo. The "ting" is pronounced "ding," read as tíng. The "bi" in "Bi Bi" is annotated as "Pi Zhi Fan," read as bì. The "chi" in "Long Chi" is sometimes written as "chi," read as "Zhi Qi Fan," which is chí, and "chi" refers to an ant hill. The "he" in "Yuan He" is annotated as "Hu Ge Fan," read as hè. "Er Ji" is another version, which reads "Er Zai." In the next line, the character under "Neng" is annotated as "Yue," read as yuè. The "shan" in "Shan Er" is also written as "Shan." The "e" in "Ai Wu" is annotated as "Wu Lu Fan," read as wù, and the same pronunciation is used in the next chapter. "Yu Cheng Er Hou You Ge" is the old version; another version writes "Ge" as "Kuo."

能與（音豫）。明卦適變通爻（本又作明卦通變適爻又一本直云適變通爻）。否泰（備鄙反）。險易（以豉反，章內同）。於斷（丁亂反）。要其（一遙反）。闢險（音避，本亦作避後章同）。比復（毗志反）。好先（呼報反）。侮妻（亡甫反）。故當（如字）。其介（音界，本又作分符問反）。明象觀意（本亦作見意）。猶蹄（音啼）。在兔（他故反，字又作菟）。筌者（七全反，筌蹄事見莊子）。重畫（直龍反，下胡麥反下同）。應健（音鷹）。滋漫（末半反）。縱復（扶又反）。辯位繫辭（戸計反，下同）。位分（扶問反，下同）。去初（羌呂反）。無六爻（無亦作損）。

The character "与" in "能与" is pronounced "豫" and read as yù. "明卦适变通爻" is sometimes written as "明卦通变适爻," and another version reads simply "适变通爻." The character "否" in "否泰" is annotated with the reverse-sounding character "备鄙反," which is read as pǐ. The character "易" in "险易" is annotated with "以豉反," read as yì, and the same pronunciation applies throughout the chapter. The character "断" in "于断" is annotated with "丁乱反," read as duàn. The character "要" in "要其" is annotated with "一遥反," read as yāo. The character "辟" in "辟险" is pronounced "避," read as bì; some versions directly use "避," and the same applies in the following chapter. The character "比" in "比复" is annotated with "毗志反," read as bì. The character "好" in "好先" is annotated with "呼报反," read as hào. The character "侮" in "侮妻" is annotated with "亡甫反," read as wǔ. The character "故当" is read as the original character. The character "介" in "其介" is pronounced "界," read as jiè; some versions use "分," read as "符问反," which is fèn. "明象观意" is sometimes written as "见意." The character "蹄" in "犹蹄" is pronounced "啼," read as tí. The character "兔" in "在兔" is annotated with "他故反," read as tù, and the character is also written as "菟." The character "筌" in "筌者" is annotated with "七全反," read as quán; the concept of "筌蹄" is mentioned in the "Zhuangzi." The character "重" in "重画" is annotated with "直龙反," read as chóng; the following "画" is read as "胡麦反," which is huà, and the same applies below. The character "应" in "应健" is pronounced "鹰," read as yīng. The character "漫" in "滋漫" is annotated with "末半反," read as màn. The character "复" in "纵复" is annotated with "扶又反," read as fù. The character "系" in "辩位系辞" is annotated with "戸计反," read as xì, and the same applies below. The character "分" in "位分" is annotated with "扶问反," read as fèn, and the same applies below. The character "去" in "去初" is annotated with "羌吕反," read as qù. The character "无" in "无六爻" is also written as "损."

畧例下（舊本如此本或無下字）。率（音類又音律又所律反）。相比（毗志反）。險易（以豉反）。之行（下孟反）。去六（羌呂反）。見咥（直結反）。所怨（紆萬反，又紆元反）。

In the section "Lüe Li Xia," the old edition includes the character "Xia," but some editions omit it. The character "lv" is pronounced "lei," also "lv," and also "suo lv fan." The "bi" in "bianbi" is annotated with the reverse-slicing pronunciation "pi zhi fan," which is read as bi. The "yi" in "xianyi" is annotated as "yi chi fan," read as yi. The "xing" in "zhi xing" is annotated as "xia meng fan," read as xing. The "qu" in "qu liu" is annotated as "qiang lv fan," read as qu. The "xi" in "jian xi" is annotated as "zhi jie fan," read as die. The "yuan" in "su yuan" is annotated as "yu wan fan," read as yuan, and also as "yu yuan fan."

卦畧（凡十一卦）。屯難（乃旦反，遯明夷卦同）。所馮（皮冰反，本亦作憑）。蒙陰昧（音妹）。不諮（本亦作資）。四逺（萬反，觀明夷卦同）。初比（毗志反）。履不處（謂陽爻不處其位為美）。履者禮也（今雜卦無此句韓注有或傳寫者誤）。臨剛長（丁丈反，遯卦同）。觀（古亂反）。以所見（一本所作知）。以近（附近之近明夷卦同）。大過棟橈（乃孝反）。拯弱（拯救之拯）。同好（呼報反）。所贍（常豔反）。

The section "Gu Lue" discusses a total of eleven hexagrams. The character "nan" in "Zun Nan" is annotated with a reverse-sound pronunciation "nai dan fan," which is read as nàn, and the hexagrams Zun and Ming Yi are also pronounced the same. The character "peng" in "Suo Peng" is annotated with "pi bing fan," which is read as píng; some versions read it as "peng." The character "mei" in "Meng Yin Mei" is pronounced "mei," read as mèi. The character "zi" in "Bu Zi" is sometimes read as "zi" in some versions. The character "yuan" in "Si Yuan" is the same as "yuan," annotated with "wan fan," where the first character of the reverse-sound is missing, and it is read as yuàn, same as the hexagrams Zun and Ming Yi. The character "bi" in "Chu Bi" is annotated with "pi zhi fan," read as bì. "Lv Bu Chu" refers to the idea that a yang line does not occupy its proper position, which is considered good. The sentence "Lv Zhe Li Ye" is not present in the current "Za Gua Zhuan," but appears in Han Kangbo's annotations, possibly due to a transmission error. The character "chang" in "Lin Gang Zhang" is annotated with "ding zhang fan," read as zhǎng, same as the hexagram Zun. The character "guan" is annotated with "gu luan fan," read as guàn. "Yi Su Jian" is another version where "su" is read as "zhi." The character "jin" in "Yi Jin" is read as "jin" meaning "near," same as the hexagram Ming Yi. The character "niao" in "Da Guo Dong Rao" is annotated with "nai xiao fan," read as náo. The character "zheng" in "Zheng Ruo" is read as "zheng" meaning "rescue." The character "hao" in "Tong Hao" is annotated with "hu bao fan," read as hào. The character "shan" in "Su Shan" is annotated with "chang yan fan," read as shàn.

褊矣（必淺反）。遯浸（子鴆反）。長（張丈反）。難在（乃旦反）。亨在（許庚反）。大壯觸（昌録反）。蕃（扶反）。明夷最逺（於萬反）。最近（附近之近）。而難（乃旦反）。能溺（寧歷反）。睽最見（賢遍反，豐卦同）。洽乃（咸夾反，本又作合）。豐惡闇（烏路反）。之沛（歩貝反，又普貝反）。之蔀（歩口反）。明昧（音妹，本亦作妹又作沬皆末貝反下文同）。無與（如字又音預）。折其（之舌反）。

The character "褊" in "褊矣" is pronounced biǎn, as indicated by the reverse-slicing annotation "必浅反". The character "浸" in "遯浸" is pronounced jìn, as indicated by "子鸩反". The character "长" is annotated with "张丈反", pronounced zhǎng. The character "难" in "难在" is annotated with "乃旦反", pronounced nàn. The character "亨" in "亨在" is annotated with "许庚反", pronounced hēng. The character "触" in "大壮触" is annotated with "昌録反", pronounced chù. The character "蕃" is annotated with "扶反"; the second character of the reverse-slicing is missing, and the character is pronounced fán. The character "逺" in "明夷最逺" is the same as "远", annotated with "于万反", pronounced yuàn. The character "近" in "最近" is pronounced as "近" in "附近". The character "难" in "而难" is annotated with "乃旦反", pronounced nàn. The character "溺" in "能溺" is annotated with "宁历反", pronounced nì. The character "见" in "睽最见" is annotated with "贤遍反", pronounced xiàn, same as the character in the卦 "丰". The character "洽" in "洽乃" is annotated with "咸夹反", pronounced qià; some versions read it as "合". The character "恶" in "丰恶闇" is annotated with "乌路反", pronounced wù. The character "沛" in "之沛" is annotated with "歩贝反", pronounced pèi, and also pronounced "普贝反". The character "蔀" in "之蔀" is annotated with "歩口反", pronounced bù. The character "昧" in "明昧" is pronounced "妹", read as mèi; some versions read it as "妹" or "沬", both pronounced "末贝反", same as below. The character "与" in "无与" is read as the original character, and also pronounced "预". The character "折" in "折其" is annotated with "之舌反", pronounced zhé.

經典釋文卷第二（經四千二百一十九字注一萬七千七百四十字）。後學成德挍訂。

The second volume of the "Classic Interpretations" ends here; the concluding note states that the text of the "Zhou Changes" in this volume contains 4,219 characters and the annotations 17,740 characters. The final line "Later students Chengde edited and revised" is the signature of the person who later corrected this volume.