On the Eight Limits · Limit of the Forehead

十五生日交額，十年之限也。額有長理，主早年不遂心。有亂紋如波者，小貴。前三日不似熨者，不貴也。如貴者何也？必是日月角分明，及伏犀高顯，天倉骨入兩府邊地，書庭輔角。此數骨為之剛骨，有一於此限至亦貴。重額正者入廟堂。陽人有三骨，額上面邊有者是也。川字骨正者，五品人。如有克陷及般疵黑痣者，八九品官，須自立，謂早年無可得之勢。婦人額有骨者賤。天中有圓骨，主棄前夫就後夫，此乃無德，主殘疾於老年，要日月角分明。陽人若兩眉角上有山林字者，主二千石祿；婦人有者，國夫人。有山水字者，主少年榮顯，年邁必有求道之志。

After the fifteenth birthday, if one enters the limit of the heavenly measure, it governs a period of ten years. If there is a long straight line on the forehead, it indicates early years of dissatisfaction. If there are wavy, chaotic lines on the forehead, it suggests a modest degree of success. If the front part of the forehead is not smooth like it has been ironed, it does not indicate high status; however, some people may still achieve high status, so why is that? Because their day angle and month angle are clearly defined, their伏犀 bone is prominently visible, their heavenly granary bone extends into the two departments and the surrounding areas, and their book court and auxiliary angles are also formed. These are all considered 'strong bones'. If any of these are present, when the limit of destiny reaches the forehead, one can achieve high status. Those with a broad and well-formed forehead may enter government service. For men, the three bones refer to the bone on the forehead and the bones on the sides of the forehead. If there is a '川' shaped bone on the forehead that is well formed, it indicates a rank of fifth grade. If there are damages, depressions, spots, or black moles on the forehead, one can only hold a low rank, such as eighth or ninth grade, and must start from scratch, because there is no early support. For women, having bones on the forehead indicates low status. If there is a round bone at the 天中 position, it indicates a woman who will leave her first husband and marry a second, which is a sign of lack of virtue, and in old age, she may suffer from disability. The severity depends on whether the day angle and month angle are clearly defined. If a man has the texture of '山林' on the upper part of his eyebrows, he will have a salary of two thousand stones; if a woman has this texture, she may be granted the title of Lady of a State. If one has the texture of '山水', it indicates early fame and prominence, and in old age, he or she will certainly have the aspiration to seek truth and practice cultivation.

大抵在廣平有骨，不欲胡侵於馬，主初年多滯。山林缺者，子孫稀，婦人亦如此。子孫多者，老年亦不得力也。陽人兩額角有立紋，主殺婦；婦人有者，主殺夫。天庭遠無紋，黃老之徒也。天庭短者主夭。《清鑑》云：「有天者貴，有人者壽，主富貴兩全。有地者富，豐滿重者，亦富貴兩全。」

In general, the forehead should be broad and level, with bones emerging naturally. It is most undesirable for the hair to cover the 'Post Horse' area, which indicates early obstacles. If the 'Mountain Forest' area is defective, there will be few descendants, and the same applies to women. Even if there are many descendants, one can expect little in old age. For men, vertical lines on both temples indicate marital discord; for women, such lines indicate marital discord as well. A broad and distant forehead without lines suggests someone who follows the Taoist path of Huang-Lao. A short and narrow forehead indicates a short life. The 'Clear Mirror' states: having the forehead's appearance indicates nobility, having the middle part's appearance indicates longevity, and having both indicates both wealth and honor. Having the lower part's appearance indicates wealth, and if the lower part is full and thick, it also indicates both wealth and honor.

二十六生日，後交眉限。眉者，左為紫氣，右為月孛，不欲相敗。如小角散者，男妨婦，女妨夫。如一字者，主有學。豎立者，不善終。兩眉如八字，男客亡，女不正。如斷者，及不光澤貧破者，不等者，有般痣者，謂之眉殺，斯人也無德。陽眉者疏而秀，有彩，若男子得之，平生多樂也。陰眉者黑濃細者，女人得之，為正妻。婦人得陽眉為正妻者，何也？必是牆壁平正，及額好者為貴。男子得陰眉平生多樂者，何也？必是有青彩之色。男有陽眉而覆眼者，主榮；婦人有陰眉極濃厚散者，主身不榮，此賤相也。有角者，是正妻。如無應驗者，何也？必是峻高山林缺也。以上三限者是初主。眉上輔附馬高食外財祿。重眉者，主身閒有財帛，婦人有者，必伶俐。

After the age of twenty-six, one enters the period of the eyebrows. The distribution of stars on the eyebrows is: the left eyebrow corresponds to 'Purple Qi' and the right to 'Moon孛'. These two should not be damaged or broken. If the small corners at the ends of the eyebrows are scattered and disordered, it will harm the husband for a man and the wife for a woman. If the eyebrows are straight and flat like the character '一', it indicates a person with knowledge. If the eyebrows are inverted, it suggests a bad end. If the eyebrows are spread apart like the character '八', a man will die away from home, while a woman will have improper behavior. If the eyebrows are broken, lack luster and appear poor, or are uneven on both sides, or have spots on top, these are called 'Ming Sha' (mutilated eyebrows), and such people lack virtue. A 'Yang eyebrow' refers to eyebrows that are sparse, clear, and bright. A man with such eyebrows will enjoy much comfort in life. A 'Yin eyebrow' refers to dark, thick, and fine eyebrows. A woman with such eyebrows can be the main wife. A woman with a Yang eyebrow can still be the main wife, why is that? Because her forehead is flat and her face shape is good, so she still has a noble destiny. A man with a Yin eyebrow can still enjoy much comfort in life, why is that? Because his eyebrows have a bright green glow. A man with a Yang eyebrow whose eyebrows cover the eyes will achieve honor and success. A woman with a Yin eyebrow that is very thick and disordered will not achieve honor herself, which is considered a lowly appearance. Having horns on the eyebrows is the appearance of a main wife. If this does not come true, why is that? Because her forehead is high but the 'Shan Lin' area is defective. The above parts concerning the ears, forehead, and eyebrows belong to the initial period. If the 'Fu Jiao' and 'Fu Ma' areas on the eyebrows are high, they indicate receiving external wealth and honors. If the eyebrows are double-layered, it indicates a person who is free and wealthy. A woman with such eyebrows is definitely intelligent.

眼限鼻限上為中主。眼者，人之瞻視，欲藏神而白晴少者，貴。三點神者，及餘限有力者，主建節。眼神忽然出散者，七日內身亡。上下臉相逆而塌者，四七日亡也。如定者，不妨止於大病。如有紅絲貫晴者，不善終。正虎形人不妨下視，斜視、偷視者，多陰賊，女不貞烈，孤淫之婦也。男子眉眼相近，顏色黑者，嫉妒奸猾之人，不可與交。婦人如眼有鳥及溼者，謂之寡婦，守空床之象。婦人若神光不散，僱盼有常，精神不亂視淫邪，主貴，有夫人之稱。眼偷視、斜視、下視、看人不休者，及言語多笑而媚者，主娼妓之材也。眼不欲露，印不欲深，臥蠶要明潤，此全相也。若臣蠶無光，塵土色者，更亂紋交侵者，不貴，孤獨之人也。男子龍視、虎望、鷹視，富貴兩全。

The limits of the eyes, nose, and upper lip belong to the middle movement. The eyes are the organs through which a person perceives external things; they should be hidden and not exposed, with little white and much black, which indicates nobility. If there are three points of divine light in the eyes, and other parts of the body are strong, it signifies the ability to establish a state and govern borders. If the eyes suddenly scatter outward, death will occur within seven days. If the upper and lower eyelids are inverted and sunken, death will occur within twenty-eight days; if the divine light remains steady, it may only be a serious illness. If there is a red thread running through the black part of the eye, it indicates an unfortunate end. A person with a pure tiger-like appearance who looks downward is not harmful. However, those who look sideways or sneak glances are mostly deceitful and wicked; women with such eyes are unchaste and promiscuous, and are considered lonely and immoral. Men with close eyebrows and dark faces are jealous and cunning, and should not be trusted. Women with dark, moist eyes that seem ready to weep are said to have the appearance of a widow, indicating a lonely and empty bed. Women whose divine light is concentrated, who look around calmly and steadily, who are composed and not distracted, and who do not look lustfully are considered noble and may receive the title of a诰命 (honorary) wife. Those who look slyly, sideways, downward, or stare continuously, and who smile excessively and act flirtatiously while speaking, are of the nature of a prostitute. The eyes should not protrude outward, the forehead should not be deeply indented, and the under-eye area should be bright and moist, which is considered a complete and auspicious appearance. If the under-eye area lacks luster and appears dusty, and if there are chaotic lines crossing over it, then the person is not noble and is likely to be lonely. A man with the gaze of a dragon, the look of a tiger, and the stare of an eagle will be both wealthy and noble.

交三十六生日後鼻限。山根為始，鼻樑平正準圓者，貴也。如不聳直貴者，何也？必有明潤之氣。梁曲者，男女俱淫。山根若有紋者，初年遭苦，主三十六有災也。年上紋者，主門戶成敗。壽上有紋者，身多臨災。準頭有，主作事無成。年上白者忽而見，主傷財。壽上忽而見者，主獄亡。準上有白色者，主人相鬥，有傷損。虎形人鼻露竅者，不妨鷹鶴形人。準尖年高壽低，其餘露竅者，四十五大破也。如兩郡有庫者，不妨，臨年亦傷財。有仙庫者，富貴雙全，半臺紅潤者是也。淨庫者減半，右廷尉是也。俗庫者，蘭臺遷尉如潤似見。不見紋者傷子，雖有亦不孝。

After turning thirty-six, one enters the nose limit. The nose limit is calculated from the "mountain root." A straight and level nose bridge, with a round and smooth nose tip, indicates wealth and status. Some people may not have a high and straight nose but still attain wealth and status. This is because there is a clear, moist and lustrous color on the nose. A crooked nose bridge indicates a tendency towards promiscuity, regardless of gender. If there is a horizontal line on the mountain root, one will suffer hardship in early years and face misfortune at thirty-six. A line on the "year position" indicates success or failure of the family; a line on the "longevity position" indicates many misfortunes in one's life. A line on the nose tip indicates difficulty in achieving things. If a white line suddenly appears on the year position, it indicates financial loss; if it appears on the longevity position, it indicates imprisonment or death; if it appears on the nose tip, it indicates disputes and injuries. For people with a tiger-like nose, having the nostrils exposed is not considered a problem. Similarly, people with an eagle-like or crane-like nose are also not affected. If the nose tip is sharp, the year position is high and the longevity position is low, or if there are other cases of exposed nostrils, there will be major losses at forty-five. If there are "reservoirs" on both sides of the nose, it is not a problem, but there will still be some financial loss in that year. Those with "immortal reservoirs" will be both wealthy and honored, which refers to the LanTai (a part of the nose) being half red and lustrous. "Pure reservoirs" have half the effect, referring to the right TingWei (another part of the nose). As for "common reservoirs," the LanTai and TingWei appear slightly moist but not clearly so. If there are no lines on the sides of the nose, it indicates harm to children, and even if there are children, they will be unfilial.

四十六生日後交上唇，欲得方樣。人中欲深長者，主衣祿不缺。人中上廣，主初年得子；下廣晚年得子。人中勻停深長者，主生貴子發祖。人中下闊者，少閒；上潤者，老鰥。許負云：「人中深長，一世吉昌。人中廣平，養子不成。人中漫漫，無子可憐。」如不正及般痣者，有妨，此乃上唇之輔助也。上唇紅潤者貴，及紋理缺者定有災。掀露齒者，不睦六親，好說是非，無德之人也。欲得下唇相應，有氣不掀露，為貴相。唇紅齒白，富貴之苗。若不言而自動者，是非這人也。婦人亦如此，為人不和。此二限為中主。

After the age of forty-six, the upper lip limit comes into effect. The upper lip should be square and firm. The philtrum should be deep and long, indicating no lack of food or salary. If the upper part of the philtrum is wide, one will have children early in life; if the lower part is wide, one will have children later. If the philtrum is evenly proportioned, deep, and long, it indicates the birth of a noble son and the prosperity of the family. If the lower part of the philtrum is too wide, one will have little leisure in life; if the upper part is too flat, one will be a widower in old age. Xu Fu, a renowned oracle of the Han dynasty, said that a deep and long philtrum signifies continuous good fortune and prosperity throughout life. A wide and flat philtrum without a groove indicates difficulty in raising a son. A flat, vague, and indistinct philtrum indicates a pitiful lack of sons. If the philtrum is crooked or has spots or moles, it indicates obstacles—these are all auxiliary criteria for judging the upper lip. A red and plump upper lip indicates nobility, while a damaged lip pattern indicates misfortune. If the lips lift to reveal teeth, it indicates discord with the six relations, a tendency to spread rumors, and a lack of virtue. The upper lip must also match the lower lip; lips with good color and not revealing teeth are signs of nobility. Red lips and white teeth indicate the potential for wealth and status. If the mouth moves without speaking, it indicates someone who causes trouble; women are no exception, as they will not get along well with others. The above two limits belong to the middle fortune.

下唇欲紅，西瓜子上下相應，無缺陷亂紋者。上唇為君，下唇為臣，相得為潔淨，言四海方圓者是也。開要圓，合要方。承漿潤者，衣食不缺。世人只知齒露不貴，露齒貴者，何也？必是人中深長，齒白唇紅故。舉一隅不以三隅反，斯之謂也。頦者，地也。豐滿及兩倉不陷，主莊田奴僕，金帛成家之象也。若尖薄者，主末年貧賤也。無倉庫奴僕者，不全相也。若有亂紋侵者，主失所移落也。此二限為末主，共十五年也。

The lower lip should be red and plump, shaped like a watermelon seed, corresponding properly with the upper lip without any defects or irregular lines. The upper lip is like a ruler, and the lower lip is like a minister; when they are well matched, it is called 'cleanliness,' which refers to the mouth's surroundings being round when open and square when closed. If the 'chengjiang' area is moist and lustrous, it indicates prosperity in clothing and food. People only know that showing teeth is not auspicious, but some who show their teeth are actually prosperous. This is because their nose is deep and their teeth are white and lips are red. Confucius said, 'If I show you one corner, you cannot infer the other three,' which describes those who are rigid and stick to one aspect. The chin in physiognomy belongs to 'earth.' A full chin with the 'cang' areas on both sides not sunken indicates possession of land, servants, and wealth, showing a prosperous family. A thin and sharp chin indicates poverty in old age. Those without the signs of a storehouse and servants are not considered complete in physiognomy. If there are chaotic lines invading the chin, it signifies losing one's home and being forced to migrate. The lower lip and chin together govern the later years, covering fifteen years.

起不倒高如眉，鼻不昂，準頭齊，三處皆應，少年名播天下。詩曰：金木雙全廓與輪，風門容指主聰明。端圓聳準朝羅計，富貴榮華判令名。金木生衣一世貧，輪飛廓期散主艱辛。於中亦有為官者，終是區區不出群。

The ears stand upright and do not droop, reaching up to the eyebrows. The nose does not tilt upward, and the nose tip aligns with the ears. These three features correspond with each other, and the person will become famous at a young age. The poem says: the left and right ears correspond to the names of the five stars, namely the Golden Star and the Wooden Star. If the ear's rim and the earlobe are well formed, and the ear hole called "Fengmen" is wide enough to accommodate a finger, the person is intelligent. If the ears are upright and round, and the nose tip is high and prominent, corresponding with the areas governed by the stars "Luohou" and "Jidu," it can be predicted that the person will enjoy wealth, honor, and a good reputation throughout their life. Conversely, if the ears hang low and lack strength, resembling someone wearing clothes, the person will remain poor all their life. If the ear rim is inverted and the earlobe is scattered and disordered, the person will face hardships throughout their life. Among such people, there may occasionally be officials, but they will be confined to trivial matters and never stand out.

耳珠朝口貴。詩曰：輪廓分明分外奇，耳珠朝口祿無虧。常常紅潤主清貴，年少登科眾共知。耳內生毫貴。詩曰：耳白觀來勝面容，多才飽學祿盈豐。當為扶助朝中相，孔內生毫貴不同。圖耳損壽。詩曰：耳聳圓環有數般，若然輪薄不須觀。極兼輪廓無分曉，六月炎天也道寒。

The position of the earlobe facing the mouth indicates wealth and status. The poem says: If the earlobe and the ear area are clearly defined and particularly unusual, and the earlobe faces the mouth, then the person's fortune will not be lost; if the ear is often red and healthy, it indicates a noble and refined status, and the person may achieve success in exams at a young age, known by all. If there are hairs growing inside the ear, it indicates wealth. The poem says: If the ear appears whiter than the face, such a person is talented and well-educated, with abundant fortune, capable of serving as a prime minister to assist the court; if there are hairs growing in the ear hole, the noble status is even more exceptional. If the ear is just a hollow circle, it indicates a loss of lifespan. The poem says: If the earlobe stands upright forming a round shape in various ways, but if the earlobe is thin, there is no need to look further; if the earlobe and the ear area blend together without clear boundaries, such a person will feel cold even in the hottest summer, with weak blood and qi, and both fortune and longevity are difficult to expect.

耳反無珠孤獨。詩曰：耳反無珠福祿慳，更加黎黑禍綿綿。木星若得無凶陷，卻許將來壽數堅。耳輪枯淡。詩曰：枯淡輪翻貼肉生，耳珠無墜少精神。一生作事無成就，雖有文章未顯榮。兔耳聳起聲無祿。詩曰：兔耳常高卓耳舒，上尖下大薄皮膚。妻兒兄弟多無力，財祿宮中不至餘。

A person with an outer ear that is inverted and lacks an earlobe is destined to be lonely. The poem says: those with inverted ears and no earlobes are stingy in fortune and blessings, and if their ears are also dark and dull, misfortunes will continue without end; however, if the right ear's 'Jupiter' is not in a bad position, he may still have a long life. If the earlobe is dry, pale, and inverted, and tightly attached to the face, with the earlobe not hanging down, the person lacks vitality; such a person will have no achievements in their lifetime, even if they have literary talent, they will not achieve recognition or honor. Those with high rabbit ears but no fortune in voice. The poem says: those with ears that are often high and spread out, sharp at the top and wide at the bottom, with thin ear skin, will not get support from their wife, children, or brothers, and will have little wealth in the fortune sector.

平坦耳，壽富。詩曰：耳如平坦喜非常，家道興隆有吉昌。可與石崇彭祖並，富而必壽壽而康。齊眉耳，壽福祿。詩曰：耳生輪廊聳齊眉，此相如逢總不虧。實利虛名皆有分，一生福祿享者臣。小墜耳，無祿孤。詩曰：耳珠小墜又何如，東奔西走百事無。命淺可憐福祿薄，刑妻害子一身孤。

Flat ears indicate longevity and wealth. The poem says: ears that are flat, upright, and broad are very auspicious, bringing family prosperity and good fortune; such people can be compared to Shi Chong, the wealthy magnate of the Jin Dynasty, and Peng Zu, the legendary longevity figure, possessing both wealth and a long life, and further enjoying good health. Ears that reach the level of the eyebrows indicate longevity, happiness, and official rank. The poem says: ears with distinct contours, high and reaching up to the eyebrows, will never be treated unfairly; they will receive both real benefits and fame, enjoying a life of happiness and official position, possibly rising to the rank of a high official. Small drooping ears indicate lack of official rank and loneliness. The poem says: if the earlobe only slightly droops, what can be done? Such people wander about, achieving nothing in life; their fate is poor, with little fortune, and they will even harm their wife and children, ending up alone all their lives.

反珠耳，末主好。詩曰：人如兩耳反生珠，歷盡風波沒坦途。富貴少年誰敢許，老來佳景屬桑榆。墜輪耳有福。詩曰：耳若珠垂號墜輪，更兼氣色與精神。一生衣食長溫飽，便是安閒享福人。佛耳性善。詩曰：耳名佛耳不堪言，性善心慈極好閒。一炷名香經一卷，自然清福樂平安。

The ears that turn outward, indicate good fortune in later years. The poem says: if a person's earlobes turn outward, they will experience many hardships in their early years, with no smooth path. They will not be granted wealth and honor in their youth, but in old age they will have a good situation, and happiness will come in their later years. The ears that hang down, indicate good fortune. The poem says: when the earlobe hangs down, it is called 'falling wheel', and if the complexion is good and the spirit is strong, such a person will have a long life of sufficient food and clothing, and will enjoy a peaceful and happy life. The Buddha ear, indicates a kind nature. The poem says: this kind of ear is called the Buddha ear, and it is very good. Those born with this ear are kind and compassionate, love peace very much, and if they light a good incense and recite a sutra, they will naturally enjoy a peaceful and happy life.

反輪少福。詩曰：凡人有此反輪耳，平生勞碌無休止。因何心地不安閒，招得相形能若是。小珠中平。詩曰：小珠耳相本風流，也有歡娛也有愁。終是喜多愁卻少，知機平穩老來休。方耳。詩曰：方耳元來相貌奇，聳白生毫壽不虧。細小色黎命短薄，若還堅厚足豐衣。

If the earlobe is inverted, the person will have little fortune. The poem says: whoever is born with such an inverted earlobe will be busy all his life with no rest; why is his mind always restless? Because his mind is restless, he ends up with such a physical appearance. Small pearl-like ears are a moderate appearance. The poem says: ears with small pearls are somewhat charming; during their lifetime they will have both joy and sorrow, but ultimately more joy than sorrow; such people know how to seize opportunities and can live a steady and peaceful life until old age. Square ears. The poem says: square ears are originally a peculiar appearance; if the ears are high, white, and have hairs, they will not lack longevity; if the ears are thin, small, and dark in color, their life will be short and their fortune poor; if they are firm and thick, they will have abundant food and clothing.

額其峻如立壁，其廣如覆孟，明而澤，方而長者，貴壽之兆。左側者，損父；右側者，損母。其上欲得，不蹋不尖，無亂紋，無凹凸。反此者，遲蹇日月。稜角而起者，二千石。印堂至天庭有骨隱然而見者，少年榮遠。又云二十八歲邊地山林皆欲豐廣，坑陷者，貧賤。

The forehead should be like a vertical wall, straight and steep, and also like an inverted basin, broad and spacious; if it is bright, moist, square, and long, it is a sign of high status and longevity. If the left side of the forehead is slanted, it indicates loss of the father; if the right side is slanted, it indicates loss of the mother. The upper part of the forehead should not be sunken, not sharp, without disorderly lines, and without unevenness. The opposite is true: a person will have a life full of obstacles and delays, wasting time and effort in vain. If the forehead has distinct ridges and is prominently raised, it indicates a high official salary of two thousand stones. If there is a bone subtly visible from the area of the forehead to the area of the nasofrontal junction, the person will achieve honor and a promising future at a young age. It is also said that at the age of twenty-eight, one's fortune should reach the 'border area' and 'mountain forest' areas, which should be full and broad; if these areas are sunken and form pits, it indicates poverty and low status.

郭林宗觀人有四學堂：一曰眼為官學堂，為長而清，有官而壽；二曰額為祿學堂，其圓而正，主忠信，疏缺而小，主狂妄；四曰耳門之前為外學堂。耳前豐滿，光潤，主文學聲譽。反此者。

Eastern Han dynasty scholar Guo Linzong had a theory called the "Four Schools" for observing people. The first is the "Official School" of the eyes; those with long and clear eyes are likely to hold official positions and live long. The second is the "Salary School" of the forehead; a round and upright forehead indicates a person is loyal and trustworthy, while a thin, broken, or narrow forehead suggests arrogance and self-importance. The fourth is the "Outer School" located before the ears; a full and smooth area before the ears indicates literary talent and scholarly reputation. The third school's original text is missing and cannot be recorded. Any characteristics opposite to these will naturally result in opposite outcomes.

額有黑氣顯者，橫災於旬日內。面若塗膏，主獄亡兩地。倉有黑氣者，噎食病死。承槳地閣有黑氣者，主酒食有毒，傷死七日內。顯青色在承槳者，主酒食而鬥爭。青合有紅色者，主七日內有遺災。奸門有白氣者，主妻有私通，及傷害自身也；有青紅色者，主有崇。日月角忽然紅色起者，主十日內得財也；似紅不紅者，主百日內得財。鼻直有白氣色者，主孝服。井部有黑氣者，主犯災。金匱有青黑色者，主傷財。門閣有青色者，主凶事入宅。有黑色起於兩頰者，四十日身亡。

If black clouds appear on the forehead, there will be sudden misfortune within ten days. If the whole face appears oily and shiny, it indicates imprisonment and death, both disasters. If black clouds appear in the Heavenly Granary area, it indicates death from choking or swallowing difficulties. If black clouds appear in the Chengjiang and Dige areas, it indicates poison in food, leading to severe injury and death within seven days. If the Chengjiang area appears blue, it indicates disputes over food and alcohol with others. If blue is mixed with red, it indicates disaster from the past within seven days. The Jianmen is the area at the end of the eyes, representing the wife's palace. If white clouds appear here, it indicates the wife has an affair and will harm oneself; if blue-red clouds appear, it indicates supernatural disturbances. If red clouds suddenly appear on the Day Angle or Moon Angle, it indicates gaining wealth within ten days; if the red is faint, it indicates gaining wealth within a hundred days. If white clouds appear on the middle of the nose bridge, it indicates a family death and mourning clothes are needed. If black clouds appear in the Well area, it indicates offending calamities. If dark blue-black clouds appear in the Golden Chest area, it indicates financial loss. If blue clouds appear in the Men Ge area, it indicates bad things entering the house. If black clouds appear on both cheeks, death will occur within forty days.

眉欲疏而秀，平而闊，主智信仁義。秀而長者，性聰敏。眉過眼者，豐富；眉不覆眼者，乏財。左有旋紋者，妨父；右有旋紋者，妨母。粗濃者，愚賤。下壓眼者，貧賤。斜卓者，性豪急。頭起尾下者，懦弱。眉頭交者，貧薄少兄弟不得力。生毫長一二寸者，主壽。眉促而愁者，孤獨。骨稜起多遲否。眉毛短骨起者，性剛。一眉為人無信義。眉心有旋毛，兄弟支居，自卓立，稍得縱有妻兒氣不合。又兩合恰如一字之狀，又得鼻孔不昂，耳孔容指，此乃三處皆應，此人有行義，但執性剛強，中年大發。

The eyebrows should be sparse, clear, smooth, and open, indicating a person with wisdom, integrity, kindness, and righteousness. Those with elegant and long eyebrows are intelligent. If the eyebrows extend beyond the eyes, the family is wealthy; if the eyebrows are short and do not cover the eyes, there will be lack of wealth. A spiral hair pattern on the left eyebrow may cause trouble with the father, and a similar pattern on the right may cause trouble with the mother. Thick and dense eyebrows indicate ignorance and low status. If the eyebrows press down over the eyes, it signifies poverty. If the eyebrows are slanted and high, the person is bold and impetuous. If the brow head is high and the brow tail is low, the person is weak in character. If the two eyebrows are connected, the family is poor and the brothers are few and unhelpful. If there are hairs growing one or two inches long in the middle of the eyebrows, it indicates a long life. If the eyebrows are cramped and show a worried expression, it indicates loneliness. If the brow bones are high and angular, it suggests delays and difficulties. If the eyebrows are short but the brow bones are prominent, the person is stubborn. If there is only one continuous eyebrow, the person lacks trustworthiness. If there is a spiral hair pattern in the middle of the eyebrows, the brothers will separate and the person will live independently, even if they achieve some success, they will have conflicts with their wife and children. If the two eyebrows form the shape of the character '一' (one), and the nostrils are not raised, and the ear holes are wide enough to accommodate a finger, this is called three corresponding parts. Such a person has virtue and righteousness, but is stubborn and rigid, and will achieve great success in middle age.

人之有行也，積於心而行於眉。眉小角有似曲鉤者，父母積德也，自身多有行也。故曰：行在眉取盡者為大煞。或二眉親而促，及短破斷者孛，與紫氣有缺者，為取盡，臨事當細辨之。

A person's virtue is stored within the heart and expressed on the eyebrows. If the small angle at the end of the eyebrows is curved like a hook, it indicates that the parents have accumulated Yin Virtue and the person themselves has many good deeds. Therefore, one's actions can be seen on the eyebrows. The previous mention of the 'taking up' appearance is a great凶 omen. If the two eyebrows are too close together, the eyebrow shape is cramped, or the eyebrows are short, broken, and interrupted, or if the right eyebrow's 'Moon孛' and the left eyebrow's 'Purple Qi' are missing, these are all considered 'taking up' appearances. One should carefully distinguish these in practical situations.

印堂闊而平，二眉不相連，更蘭蘭臺廷尉之處，皆朝大貴矣，主子孫顯達。若狹而連，主賤，不習好人，專習小輩，祖業破盡，妻子難為，又無實學，碌碌人也。

The forehead is broad and full, with the two eyebrows not connected. If the areas around the nostrils called 'Lantai' and 'Tingwei' both slope towards the forehead with affection, this is a sign of great fortune, indicating that descendants will achieve prominence. If the forehead is narrow and the eyebrows are connected, it indicates a low status. Such people do not associate with upright individuals, but instead mix with the lower class. Their ancestors' property is completely lost, and their wife and children are hard to manage. Moreover, they lack real talent and ability, making them mediocre and unambitious.

鼻為中嶽其形如木，黯黑仄薄者，不賤則夭。隆高有梁者，主壽，弱而小者，夭賤。山根不得蹙折勾紋者，苦窮忙碌。

The nose corresponds to Song Mountain, the central mountain among the Five Mountains. A nose that is dark in color and skewed or thin in shape indicates either low status or a short life. A nose with a high, prominent bridge and a bone forming the beam signifies longevity. A soft and small nose suggests a short life and low status. The area beneath the nose, called the mountain root, should not have wrinkles that are contracted, broken, or curved. Those with such markings will live a life of poverty and hardship.

山根不折，鼻樑不曲，常常明朗，晚年有祿，主妻賢淑。若是無肉，與人不足，可宜善守，不可與人交接。

The mountain root does not break, the nose bridge is not bent, and the complexion is often clear and bright. Such a person will have official rank in old age and a virtuous and virtuous wife. If the mountain root area lacks flesh, appears thin and bony, and there is always a deficiency in interacting with others, this person is better suited to be content with their own circumstances and should not engage in social interactions, partnerships, or collaborations with others.

人中立理，及有黑子，主養他子。光明潤澤，富貴來□。縱橫理者，不利子孫。其小如線，貧寒下賤。

There are vertical lines or black moles on the midline of the face, which indicate a person who will raise others' children. If the midline is bright and moist, wealth and honor will naturally come. The original text here is missing one character, so I cannot make up anything. If there are intersecting lines on the midline, it is unfavorable for descendants. If the midline is very thin, like a thread, it indicates poverty and low status.

五嶽及有小氣所管屬者：沖如滿月南嶽，泰如雞卵東嶽，華若方銀西嶽，嵩若高發中嶽，恆如倒提北嶽。五嶽全者，及餘皆好無克陷者，食祿主貴。乾雍州陷者，無地宅。艮兗州陷者，無食祿。震青州陷者，少仁德。異徐州陷者，闕信義。離揚州陷者，多官災。坤荊州陷者，妨妻。兗梁州陷者孤苦。戊豫州陷者，無田土。此九州如有缺陷者，限至必應。雍州白色常潤，冀州青黑色主酒色上亡，兗州青紅色主吉昌，青州青色吉，豫州黃色吉。其次常改：青憂，黑橫，白凶，赤官事，黃吉，隨四季觀之。

The five mountains each have subtle appearances that indicate their respective areas: the forehead represents the southern mountain, Hengshan, and should be full and harmonious like a full moon; the left cheek represents the eastern mountain, Taishan, and should be even and round like an egg; the right cheek represents the western mountain, Huashan, and should be square and upright like a silver ingot; the nose represents the central mountain, Songshan, and should be high and prominent; the lower jaw represents the northern mountain, Hengshan, and should be firm and well-defined like an inverted vessel. If all five mountains are present and the other areas are also good without any defects or depressions, then one will enjoy official rank and be of high status. The face is also divided according to the eight trigrams and the nine states: if the position of Qian (Heaven) corresponding to Yuzhou is depressed, there will be no land or property; if the position of Gen (Mountain) corresponding to Yanzhou is depressed, there will be no official salary; if the position of Zhen (Thunder) corresponding to Qingzhou is depressed, there will be a lack of benevolence; if the position of Xun (Wind) corresponding to Xuzhou is depressed, there will be a lack of trust and righteousness; if the position of Li (Fire) corresponding to Yangzhou is depressed, there will be many legal troubles and misfortunes; if the position of Kun (Earth) corresponding to Jingzhou is depressed, there will be harm to the wife and children; if the position of Liangzhou is depressed, there will be loneliness; if the position of Yuzhou is depressed, there will be no land. If any of these nine states have defects, then when one's fortune reaches that area, it will be manifested. As for the color of the face: if Yuzhou shows white and is moist, it is auspicious; if Jizhou shows dark blue and black, it indicates death from alcohol and lust; if Yanzhou shows green and red, it indicates good fortune and prosperity; if Qingzhou shows green, it is auspicious; if Yuzhou shows yellow, it is auspicious. Other colors often change, but the general principle is that green indicates worry, black indicates sudden misfortune, white indicates danger, red indicates legal troubles, and yellow indicates good fortune. These should also be considered in relation to the flourishing and strong phases of the four seasons.

頭龍腦，將軍輔相之形。額上有七星之紋理，合乾坤之道。龜鶴體，官職富貴之資；雀豺身，忘家破宅之兆。頭尖腦薄，浪走他鄉。露齒結喉，失於鄉井。女要唇紅齒白，舉動去就低迴；男要耳鼻肥圓，舉措祗敬嚴畏。

Those with a head shape resembling dragon's brain are destined to become generals or high officials. A forehead with markings resembling the seven stars of the Big Dipper indicates harmony with the principles of Heaven and Earth. A body shape resembling a tortoise or a crane, calm and graceful, signifies the potential to attain official rank and wealth. Conversely, a body shape resembling a sparrow or a jackal, characterized by restlessness and greed, is a sign of family ruin and home destruction. A head that is sharp at the top and thin at the back suggests a need to wander far from home. Exposed teeth and a prominent Adam's apple indicate loss of home and departure from one's homeland. For women, a red and white mouth with graceful and restrained movements is desirable. For men, thick and full ears and nose, along with dignified and respectful behavior that commands respect, is favorable.

見男貌似女，女作男形。眼光彩大而雄聲，皮膚粗而行步大，女人之窮相也。眉小眼細，面白聲雌，接對失詳，語話軟弱，此男子之窮相也，有威可畏，貴人相也。有形堪敬，福人也。有色可重，媚人也。骨格隆峻，道藝人也。擁肉肥光，徒使人也。面貌，凹凸，庸賤人也。眼多紫色，剛烈人也。眼多赤色，惡性人也。眼多白色，淫邪人也。眼多黃色，疾病人也。眼多青色，真貴人也。眼目低垂，離別人也。眼帶雌雄，百般人也。

Some men have the appearance of women, while some women have the features of men. If a woman has bright and flashy eyes, large eyes, a strong voice, rough skin, and long strides, this is considered a poor appearance. If a man has small eyebrows, fine eyes, a pale face, a shrill voice, is inconsiderate in his dealings, and speaks weakly, this is considered a poor appearance. Those who command respect and are feared are the signs of a nobleman. Those whose appearance is dignified and impressive are people with good fortune. Those whose features are beautiful and attractive are considered charming. Those with a tall and upright bone structure are likely to be people who practice spiritual cultivation or possess special skills. Those who are fat and oily are people who are used by others. Those with an uneven face are considered ordinary and lowly. If the eyes have a lot of purple color, the person is fierce and strong-willed. If they have a lot of red color, the person is fierce and cruel. If they have a lot of white color, the person is immoral. If they have a lot of yellow color, the person is sickly. If they have a lot of green color, the person is truly noble. Those who have their eyes low and drooping will experience many partings in life. Those whose eyes are one male and one female in shape are inconsistent and unpredictable, indicating a fickle and changeable nature.

印有紅字宜官，兩道紋者主刑，一道印者破印不善，有八字者貴，潤者得助，行滿無瘢痕痣者貴。項有雙條細者，貴；無肉，成敗多也。腰欲圓，不欲滿，足欲方厚，此貴相也。眉不欲早生毫，年壯不欲早肥，肥不欲氣喘，夭相也。印堂闊而不富，何也？多是竣高不平，手平背大，根氣堅牢。

There is a red-shaped mark on the forehead, which is favorable for holding an official position; two vertical lines indicate a tendency to suffer punishment; a single line cutting across the forehead is unfavorable; an 'eight' shaped mark indicates high status. A smooth and moist color on the forehead indicates receiving help from others. A full and properly shaped forehead without scars or black spots indicates high status. Two fine tendons visible on the neck indicate high status; a lack of flesh on the neck suggests a life full of ups and downs. The waist should be round and solid, but not overly swollen; the feet should be square and solid, all of which are signs of high status. Thick and long eyebrows appearing too early are not good; becoming overweight too early in middle age is also not good, and if overweight with shortness of breath, it indicates a short life. Why do some people have a broad forehead but are not wealthy? Mostly because although the forehead is high, it is not level. People with flat and thick palms and broad backs have strong foundational energy.

臍乃一身脈絡所聚之地，欲得深大。深大者，乃福壽之人。淺小者，極下愚亦夭。臍深容李，富貴自起，不可太突。無智無慧。臍生毛者，主大貴。生近陰者，主下賤愚僻。臍圓如錢，富貴百年。又云，臍為五臟之總，欲深闊，不欲淺凸。紫黑者，為上。有橫紋者，主有壽。

The navel is the place where all the meridians converge in the body. It should be deep and large. A deep and large navel indicates a person who is blessed with fortune and longevity; a shallow and small navel signifies extreme dullness and a short life. If the navel is deep enough to hold a plum, wealth and honor will naturally arise. However, the navel should not be too protruding outward, as those with a protruding navel lack wisdom. If there is hair around the navel, it signifies great wealth and status; if the hair grows lower, near the genital area, it indicates low status, dullness, and peculiar behavior. A navel that is round like a copper coin signifies a long and prosperous life lasting for a hundred years. Another saying states that the navel is the convergence of the five internal organs, so it should be deep and broad, not shallow and protruding. A purple-black navel is considered the best, and a horizontal mark on the navel signifies longevity.

神者藏於目，男子有者貴。骨在額，天倉有氣色者貴。馬在兩天倉兩頰骨耳邊，謂之貴。人有四馬，乘其四馬車，若求進之人，四馬不肥塵暗者，終身不貴，縱有成立，亦不多時。馬有白色者，主行人半途而回；有紅黃色，主吉昌；有青黑色者，主道路死亡之象。

The concepts of spirit, bone, and horse are considered together in physiognomy, known as "spirit, bone, and horse appearance." The "spirit" is said to reside in the eyes; a man with spirit in his eyes is destined for wealth and honor. The "bone" is observed on the forehead, particularly in the Heavenly Granary area; a good complexion there indicates wealth and honor. The "horse" refers to several areas: both Heavenly Granaries, the cheeks, and the sides of the ears. If these areas are well-developed, it signifies wealth. A person has four horse positions on the body, like riding a chariot drawn by four horses. If those four positions are not full and are covered with a layer of dull dust, the person will never achieve wealth, even if they achieve something temporarily, it will not last long. If the horse positions show white, it indicates that someone going out will return halfway. If they show red or yellow, it signifies good fortune and prosperity. If they show blue or black, it is an omen of death on the road.

正猴人建節，單猴人萬貫，像猴人足富貴自立，耍猴形貧賤。正牛形人二品。熊形人四品，偏熊人萬貫，行熊敗熊貧賤。正虎形人建節，象虎形人七、八品官，盡虎形人十萬貫，權虎形人萬貫，臥虎、病無形貧賤心乖。鳳形人作宰輔。猴形倉庫陷者，身背向前合，齒細青唇高，耳不分明，鼻高年壽低，眼上輪覆下，眉如角，天圓而短，頰高聳，肩行掉臂。單猴有克陷像猴。耍猴人笑語無度，行不依徑。

The method of examining physical form is based on taking the shape of animals as a model. A person with a pure monkey form can establish a military post and be granted a title. A person with a single monkey form has great wealth. A person who resembles a monkey is wealthy and self-sufficient, capable of standing on their own. A person with a playful monkey form is poor and lowly. A person with a pure ox form can attain an official rank of second class. A person with a bear form can attain an official rank of fourth class. A person with a biased bear form has great wealth, while those with forms of "walking bear" or "defeated bear" are poor and lowly. A person with a pure tiger form can establish a military post. A person resembling a tiger can attain an official rank of seventh or eighth class. A person with a complete tiger form has ten thousand taels of silver, and a person with a powerful tiger form has a thousand taels. Those with forms of "lying tiger" or "sick tiger" who lack proper shape are poor and lowly, and have a perverse heart. A person with a phoenix form can serve as a prime minister and assistant to the emperor. The specific features of a monkey form are: the Heavenly Granary and Earthly Repository are low and sunken, the body curves forward at the back, the teeth are fine and bluish, the lips are high and upturned, the outline of the ears is unclear, the nose bridge is high but the area above the eyebrows and the area above the eyes are sunken, the upper eyelid covers the lower eyelid, the eyebrows are upright like horns, the forehead is round and short, the cheeks are high, and when walking, the shoulders are swayed and the arms are flung out. A single monkey form is a monkey form with some damage or sunken features. A person with a playful monkey form laughs without restraint and walks without following the proper path.

虎形上尖下闊，頭短而圓，項粗，背骨高有肉髻，眼白晴帶紅，黑暗帶黃，鼻山根微低，年壽潤，鼻頭露竅，口闊紅潤，聳肩行，頦方，指短腳短，腰背微曲，食如連雷，睡乃哮吼，秉生殺之權。像虎人有克陷者，有一於此，不為像虎人也。盡虎人腰長睜目，手足發有威風中，行愛低頭，坐握手，視物不轉晴。權虎人減半。餓虎病虎，面肥身瘦，眼無神，容貌不光澤。

People who resemble a tiger have a narrow upper body and a broad lower body, a short and round head, a thick neck, high shoulders with a lump on top, red threads in their white eyes, dark black eyes that appear yellowish, a slightly low nose bridge with moist and lustrous areas around the nose, slightly exposed nostrils, a broad and red mouth, shoulders raised when walking, a square chin, short hands and feet, a slightly curved waist and back, and make loud eating sounds like continuous thunder and snoring sounds like a tiger's roar. Such people hold power of life and death. If someone resembling a tiger has any defects or depressions, they are no longer considered to resemble a tiger. Fully resembling a tiger, they have a long body, round eyes, and display authority in their movements. They tend to walk with their head lowered, hold their hands together when sitting, and keep their eyes fixed without moving when looking around. Those who resemble a tiger but with reduced power have half the strength. As for the hungry tiger and sick tiger types, they have a swollen face but a thin body, lack eye shine, and their appearance lacks luster.

牛形人面長項禿，賓稀，額有肉角，行步詳緩，有心謀，眼有紅縷，鼻聳直，頦微尖粗也。正熊人面方頭圓，項粗，行不掉手，腰軟，身上毛須多，愛拭唇鼻，準圓，頦方，耳聳，上下勻停故也。行熊敗熊，氣清身瘦，不識網常，少信實也，鳳形眉細長髮，胡清疏每有凌雲這志。鼻沖直，身細長。餘外形當細求之，不出乎此類矣。

A person with the face of an ox has a long face, a bald neck, sparse hair at the temples, a prominent flesh on the forehead like a horn, walks calmly and slowly, has plans in mind, has red threads in the eyes, a straight nose, and a slightly pointed and thick lower jaw. A pure bear face is square on top and round on the bottom, has a thick neck, walks without swinging the arms, has a flexible waist, has abundant body hair and beard, often wipes the lips and nose, has a round nose tip, a square lower jaw, and upright ears, with the whole body well proportioned. There are also types like the walking bear and the defeated bear, whose qi is clear but body is thin, who do not understand the principles of propriety and ethics, and lack trustworthiness. A person with the face of a phoenix has fine eyebrows and long hair, a clear and sparse beard, often harbors lofty ambitions, has a straight nose bridge, and a slender body. There are also other forms, which should be carefully examined, but they do not go beyond these main categories.

聲至喉而沉響者貴。在喉而出響者，須自立，發於中年。先響而後破者，無朋友獨強，主先富後貧。先低而後高遠者，主不得祖力，中年貴，發於千人之上，善相也。前後勻響者，無破也，主長富貴。婦人有此聲者，欲清而輕氣，欲調而不急，主榮貴旺夫，自身守郡國夫人。先高後低者，妨前夫，主淫。先低後高，主祖不高，須自立，亦妨前夫。重濁遠振者，主富，妨夫多矣。重濁而短者，主身貧賤。若破者，斗亂之人也，主夫不和。若八限中無氣，終身貧賤，不令相也。前言千尺之索者行也，穿滿者大貴，取盡者為大殺，行在眉，鍾呂二真人為證也。

The voice originates from the dantian, rises to the throat, and is deep, thick, and resonant, indicating a noble and prosperous destiny. If the voice only echoes within the throat, one must rely on oneself and achieve success in middle age. If the voice starts bright and clear but later breaks apart, it indicates lack of friends' support, acting alone and being strong-willed, leading to wealth first and then poverty. If the voice starts low and then becomes high and far-reaching, it means no help from ancestors, achieving nobility in middle age, and surpassing a thousand people, which is a good sign. If the voice is evenly resonant and clear throughout without breaking, it indicates long-term wealth and prosperity. For women, if their voice has these characteristics, it should also be clear and light, with a harmonious and not hurried tone, indicating honor, benefiting the husband, and being eligible for the title of a lady of a county or state. If a woman's voice starts high and then becomes low, it harms the previous husband and indicates promiscuity; if it starts low and then becomes high, the ancestral fortune is not high, requiring self-establishment of a household, and also harms the previous husband. A voice that is heavy and resonant over a long distance indicates wealth but harms the husband more. A voice that is heavy and short indicates personal poverty and low status. A voice that breaks indicates a quarrelsome and troublesome person, leading to discord with the husband. If there is no color visible in the eight limits, one will be poor and lowly all one's life, which is not a good sign. The previous mention of the thousand-foot rope refers to 'movement' (行): a rope fully threaded is a great blessing, while a rope completely drawn out is a great calamity. 'Movement' is observed on the eyebrows, according to the teachings of the two immortal sages, Zhongli Quan and Lü Dongbin.

夫形以養血，血以養氣，氣以養神。故形全則血全，血全則氣全，氣全則神全也。孟子曰：今夫蹶者趨者是氣也，而反動其心，是知神能養血與氣，神托氣而安也。氣不和則神暴而不安。能安其神者，其惟君子乎，宜細而辨之，乃為善也。寤則神遊於眼，寐則神遊於心，是其神出於形，為形之表也。亦猶日月災之光外萬物，而其神固在於日月之內也。夫眼明則神表，昏則神濁。清者貴，濁者賤。清者寤多而寐少，濁者寤少而寐多，能觀其寤寐，則知人貴賤也。

The body nourishes the blood, the blood nourishes the qi, and the qi nourishes the spirit. Therefore, if the body is strong, the blood is strong; if the blood is strong, the qi is strong; if the qi is strong, the spirit is strong. The Book of Mencius says: When a person falls or runs, it is the qi that is at work, but it can also affect the heart. Thus, the spirit can nourish the blood and qi, yet the spirit relies on the qi to be stable. If the qi is not harmonious, the spirit becomes restless and unsettled. Only the gentleman can properly manage his spirit. This point should be carefully discerned to be good at judging people. When a person is awake, the spirit is active in the eyes; when asleep, the spirit is stored in the heart. This shows that although the spirit originates from the body, it is an external manifestation of the body, like the light of the sun and moon that shines upon all things outside, while their essence remains within the sun and moon. Clear eyes indicate a bright spirit; dim eyes indicate a murky spirit. A clear spirit is associated with nobility, while a murky spirit is associated with lowliness. Those with a clear spirit are awake more and sleep less; those with a murky spirit are awake less and sleep more. Observing a person's state of being awake or asleep can reveal their status of nobility or lowliness.

若面壯上，耳有圓珠，額似熨平，眼中秀有神，初年及第。額要圓，眼要神或有秀，若鼻聳直，中年及第。眼要神秀，鼻要附耳，四海方圓，末年及第。三齊必正，四品官也。四齊人入廟堂，若四齊有一缺，必建節。三齊之下，二齊之上，定難立也。若虎形人必建節，偏虎形人四、五品，權虎人主十萬貫。睡如哮吼，食如連雷，盡虎萬貫，餓虎貧賤。正熊人七、八品官，偏熊人三萬貫。行熊敗熊主貧賤。猴人入廟堂，正猴人建節。象猴人足富貴，偏猴人三萬貫，單猴人萬貫，耍猴人貧賤。依此五行之理，推其富貴貧賤，以類推之，觸類而長之，其他一切飛行之狀，皆可知也。所以舉一隅而不以三隅反。

The face is full and robust, with round and smooth hanging ears, a forehead as smooth as if ironed, and eyes that are clear and bright. Such a person will pass the imperial examinations early in life. The forehead should be full and round, the eyes should be bright or clear, and the nose should be high and straight, and then the person will pass the examination in middle age. The eyes should be bright and clear, the nose should match the ears and bow towards them, the mouth should be round and square, and then the person will pass the examination in old age. If all three 'alignments' are correct, one can hold an official position of the fourth rank; if all four 'alignments' are correct, one can serve in the imperial court; if one of the four 'alignments' is missing, one will still be able to hold a military post and be granted a title; if one is between three and two 'alignments', it will be difficult to establish oneself. Those with the form of a tiger will surely hold a military post; those with a partial tiger form will hold an official position of the fourth or fifth rank; those with a power tiger form will have a fortune of ten thousand taels of silver; those who sleep with snoring like a tiger's roar and eat with sounds like thunder have the form of a tiger and will have a fortune of ten thousand taels of silver; those with the form of a hungry tiger will be poor and lowly. Those with a pure bear form will hold an official position of the seventh or eighth rank; those with a partial bear form will have a fortune of three ten thousand taels of silver; those with a walking bear or a defeated bear form will be poor and lowly. Those with the form of a monkey can serve in the imperial court; those with a pure monkey form will hold a military post; those with a similar monkey form will be rich and self-sufficient; those with a partial monkey form will have a fortune of three ten thousand taels of silver; those with a single monkey form will have a fortune of one ten thousand taels of silver; those with a playful monkey form will be poor and lowly. By using the principles of the Five Phases to judge a person's wealth and poverty based on their physical form, one can infer the fortune of all other birds and animals in the same way. Therefore, Confucius said that if one cannot use the other three parts to infer from one part, there is no need to teach further.

母豬肥人肥在二十年以下，十五以上者，不過三十七八亡也，如食不淋漓者，善終。宗豬肥人肥在二十以上，二十五以下，如不食肉，善終；若食肉者，不過四十五、六亡也。若四十以上肥者，謂之福肥長壽。如婦人骨頭尖者，必棄前夫，後寵富夫，此人無德，主殘疾夭亡，及絕嗣，積德減半。又注馬在左右倉肉高彩紅色如小錢大是也。剛骨如指甲，紅潤在天中是也。又人有五象，南人似北人，貴；北人似南人，賤。南人面如雞子，北人面如斗底樣是也。

The term "mother pig fat" refers to people who become fat when they are between fifteen and twenty years old. Such people are unlikely to live beyond thirty-seven or thirty-eight. However, if they eat with moderation and do not eat slowly or excessively, they may live a long life. The term "ancestral pig fat" refers to people who become fat between the ages of twenty and twenty-five. If they avoid eating meat, they may live a long life; but if they have a strong preference for meat, they are unlikely to live beyond forty-five or forty-six. Those who become fat after the age of forty are called "blessed fat," which indicates a long life. Women with sharp and narrow bones are destined to abandon their first husbands, remarry and be favored by wealthy men. Such women lack virtue and are likely to suffer from disabilities, early death, and childlessness. However, if they accumulate virtue and do good deeds, the misfortunes can be reduced by half. There is also a supplementary note: the term "horse" refers to the area around the Heavenly Granary, where the flesh is high and the complexion is bright red, with the red area about the size of a coin. "Hard bone" refers to a small, red, rounded bump on the Heavenly Center, about the size of a fingernail. Humans also have the five directions' appearances: those from the south who look like northerners are destined for high status, while those from the north who look like southerners are destined for low status. Southerners usually have round, egg-like faces, while northerners usually have square, broad faces like the bottom of a basin.

神骨馬象者俱全，大富貴。十指如瓶瓦，雙背全然厚，足下要平平。若神骨馬象俱不全者，亦常人之命民，相雲非高命也。夫人有四馬，乘其四馬車，生在孔雀之窩，初年建節。生在孔雀之門，中年建節。生在仙鶴之家，末年建節。在孔雀之家，馬速貴速賤也。富貴要聰明，指甲如瓶瓦，足下更平平，止於富也。

The four qualities of spirit, bone, horse, and image must all be present for great wealth and high status. The ten fingers should be round and thick like a clay pipe, the back should be solid and thick, and the soles of the feet should be full and flat. If none of these four qualities are present, then one's fate is that of an ordinary commoner, and the book of physiognomy says this is not a high destiny. A person has four horse positions on the body, as if riding a chariot drawn by four horses: if the horse position is on the "Peacock's Nest," one will achieve official rank early in life; if it is on the "Peacock's Gate," one will achieve official rank in middle age; if it is on the "Crane's Home," one will achieve official rank in old age; if it is only on the "Peacock's House," then one will rise to power quickly but also fall quickly. To attain wealth and honor, one must also be intelligent; if one only has thick fingers like a clay pipe and flat soles, then one can only be rich, not noble.

眉尖眼雙豎，赤縷貫瞳神。氣亂精神急，凶亡不保身。骨節粗無比，言高似虎威。鼻樑垂劍脊，兇暴必身危。羊眼口尖掀，身粗坐更偏。色焦神氣露，因此喪天年。賓反若無德，凶亡為氣豪。眼斜賢更避。須中小人刀。橫肉三拳面，微微貫赤筋，目圓睛白凸，性暴是凶人。

The eyebrows are sharp, the eyes are rolled back, and red veins run through the pupils; the breath is disordered and the expression is restless: such a person will meet a violent death and not be able to preserve their life. The bones are extremely thick and large, the voice is loud like a tiger's, and the nose bridge is like an inverted sword blade: the nature is fierce and violent, and they will surely encounter danger. Born with a sheep's eye, a pointed mouth with lips raised, a clumsy body, and sitting crookedly, with a dry and withered face and a spirit that is exposed: thus they will lose their natural lifespan. Those with hair growing backward who also lack virtue will meet a violent death due to their arrogance. Those with slanted eyes should be avoided by the virtuous, for they must beware of the knives of petty people. There is a mass of flesh across the face, resembling three fists side by side, with faint red veins running through, the eyes are round and the whites of the eyes are protruding: their nature is fierce and violent, and they are evil people.

刑殺帶豪強，知君主惡傷，眼頭尖尾大，心暴必強梁，眉亂凶神起，雙眸帶殺光。額尖通口聚，虎口遇豺狼，兩眼傾如劍，雙眉起似槍，莫教身帶殺，垂淚赴專幢。睡眼開還合，惟嫵露白晴。假饒形相善，生不保前程。口闊無收拾，形粗眼帶凶。莫教神氣暴，賊死向山中。

A person who appearsvicious and fierce with a violent and aggressive demeanor is likely to suffer from misfortune and injury. If someone has sharp eyes with a large eye tail, their nature is cruel and violent, and they are bound to be a strong and ruthless person. If the eyebrows are scattered andInauspicious Spirit is evident, and the eyes have a killing light, along with a sharp and narrow forehead that narrows down towards the mouth, this is a very dangerous appearance, like entering the mouth of a tiger and encountering wolves. If the eyes slant and look like two swords, and the eyebrows stand straight like two spears, one must never allow such a person to carry a killing aura, otherwise they will eventually be led to the execution ground with tears in their eyes. When sleeping, if the eyes are half-open and half-closed, with only the whites of the eyes visible, even if other features are favorable, their career will not be safe. If the mouth is wide and lacks restraint, and the appearance is coarse and stupid with a凶 look in the eyes, one must never let their spirit be fierce and violent, for they will end up dying as a thief in the mountains and forests.

粥衣生兩耳，面色帶烏塵。既竭天精位，腎也，看看喪汝身。黃點滿天倉，乾焦色不揚。也應脾有疾，積久見身亡。面白皮膚薄，胸高氣不舒。髮焦髭賓赤，肺病定難除。青氣浮光見，唇焦眼肉乾。木衰嫌面黑，尤忌鼻頭酸。神亂及神凝，心君定可疑，脈紅須見血，傷損更無時。

Both ears are covered with a thin layer resembling dry rice soup, and the face has a dark dusty appearance: this indicates that the innate vital energy has already dried up, indicating damage to the kidneys and a looming risk of death. If the Heavenly Granary area is full of yellow spots and the color is dry and dull, this suggests a disease in the spleen, which will eventually lead to death. If the face is pale and the skin is thin, the chest is high and the breathing is restricted, the hair is dry and the beard and sideburns are red, this indicates a lung disease that is definitely difficult to cure. If there is a faint greenish glow on the face, the lips are dry and the skin around the eyes is dry, this indicates a decline of the liver wood, and it is especially dangerous if the face turns black again, particularly if the tip of the nose feels uncomfortable. If the person's mind is sometimes confused and sometimes呆滞, the heart, which is the 'sovereign organ,' is certainly suspicious of illness; if the pulse is red, there will be bloodshed and injury at any moment.

縮辱並露齒，神迷色帶煙。三長連二短，那得保終年。肉重皮膚急，神強氣不舒。結喉並露齒，應死在中途。氣短精神慢，眉濃眼色乾。賓焦唇更白，指日伴青蠻。暗黑雲煙起，形虧骨不漏。眼斜神更亂，四九定歸空。口細胸前凸，頭低視不昂。肥人如氣促，妻子守空房。

The neck is short, the teeth are exposed, the expression is confused, and the face appears as if covered with a mist; there are three long parts and two short parts on the body, with the lengths not matching: such a person cannot live to an old age. The body is thick with flesh but the skin is tight, the expression is forced and the breath is not smooth; the Adam's apple is prominent and the teeth are exposed: this person is destined to die prematurely. The breath is short, the spirit is dull, the eyebrows are thick but the area around the eyes is dry, the hair at the temples is yellowed and the lips are pale: he will soon join the graves. A dark mist appears on the face like rising clouds, the body is weak but the bones are not visible; the eyes are slanting and even more scattered: he will certainly die at thirty-six. The mouth is small and the chest is prominent, the head is always low and refuses to look up; if a fat person also has rapid breathing: his wife will have to remain alone in the house.

許負謂七寸之面，不如一寸之心，七寸之面易見，一寸之心難測。積行者難相，損已益人為樂；帶殺人難相，害人安已為樂。斯二端故難相也。眉毛早白者不得壽。二十生毫，三十死。三十生毫。四十死。四十已上生毫者。主壽長，有重眉者呼為後印堂心定，四十六七已上發財也。

Xu Fu, a skilled face reader from the Han dynasty, said: A face seven inches in length is not as valuable as an inch of the mind. The face is easy to see, but the mind is hard to measure. Those who accumulate virtue and do good deeds are difficult to read, for they take pleasure in sacrificing themselves for others. Those who carry a killing aura are also difficult to read, for they take pleasure in harming others to secure their own safety. These two types of people have hearts that do not match their appearances, hence they are difficult to read. Those whose eyebrows turn white early are unlikely to live long. If someone grows white hairs at the age of twenty, they will die by forty. If they grow them at thirty, they will die by forty. If they grow them after forty, they are likely to live long. Those born with double eyebrows are called "post forehead" by face readers. Such people have calm minds and strong energy, and they are likely to become wealthy starting from around the age of forty-six or forty-seven.