The eyebrows are the officials who protect longevity.

濃厚淹留孤獨：眉黑稠濃密，主淹留蹇滯久困。《五總龜》云：眉濃髮厚人多滯。《萬金相》云：陽，男子也，陽得虎眉蹇滯，虎眉稠濃密也，主平生少快、二十六歲入運至三十五歲，此一運中主上五年多淹滯。短促兄弟非宜：《廣鑑集》云：眉為君，目為臣，宜清長過日，宜如雁行，若短不及目者，難為兄弟，縱有二三四，終須不靠也。

A person with thick eyebrows tends to experience stagnation and loneliness. If the eyebrows are dark and dense, it indicates prolonged difficulties and obstacles in one's fortune. The "Wu Zong Gu" states that people with thick eyebrows and thick hair often face hindrances. The "Wan Jin Xiang Fa" says that for men, having a "tiger brow" signifies obstacles; a tiger brow refers to thick and dense eyebrows, which suggest a life filled with few pleasant experiences. From the age of 26 to 35, especially the first five years, there is a period marked by stagnation. Short eyebrows are unfavorable for brothers. The "Guang Jian Ji" states that eyebrows are like a ruler, and eyes are like ministers. The eyebrows should be clear, long, and extend beyond the eyes (the original text says "over the day" but should be "over the eyes"). They should be neat and symmetrical like a formation of geese. If the eyebrows are too short to reach the length of the eyes, one will find it difficult to rely on brothers, even if there are a few, they will ultimately be unreliable.

《萬金相》云：眉長於目，兄弟五六，眉如掃帚，兄弟八九。與目同等，兄弟一兩。短不及目，兄弟不足。縱有一兩，非是同腹。二十六至三十五，上四五年不利。骨稜高起，性勇好為非：稜骨高起者，言眉骨尖峻顯露也，則主人粗鹵，知進而不知退，知存而不知亡，知成而不知敗，自強自勝，作事不應為而強為。性暴好鬥，不可為友之相也，平生宜遠之。

The "Wan Jin Xiang Fa" states: Those whose eyebrows are longer than their eyes have five or six brothers; those whose eyebrows are as thick as a broom have eight or nine brothers; those whose eyebrows are as long as their eyes have one or two brothers; those whose eyebrows are short and do not reach the eyes have few brothers, and even if they have one or two, they are not from the same mother. Such people face difficulties in their eyebrows' fortune between the ages of 26 and 35, with the first four to five years being unfavorable. Those whose eyebrow bones are prominently high and sharp in appearance are bold, fierce, and prone to quarrels. The term "prominently high eyebrow bones" refers to the sharp and prominent brow bones. Such people are rough and rude, only knowing to advance without retreating, only knowing to preserve without considering failure, only knowing success without understanding defeat. They are stubborn and competitive, insisting on doing things that should not be done, and are impetuous and aggressive. One should not be friends with them and should keep a distance from them all their lives.

清秀彎如月樣，文章顯折桂榮奇：《廣鑑集》云：眉是目之君，膽之苗，面之表也。若得清秀彎如月樣，主為人聰明智慧，文學博雅，必攀蟾桂，高明富貴之相。知為平生之福，二十六歲運至中主，便得顯煥功名。郭林宗曰：眉如新月祥。名譽四方聞。許負曰：眉如月弓，衣食不窮。《太清神鑑》云：眉曲彎彎多學識。

A person with eyebrows that are clear and delicate, curved like a new moon, is destined to achieve success in literature and gain fame by winning the moon palace's桂枝 (a metaphor for academic success). The "Broad Mirror Collection" states: eyebrows are the master of the eyes, the indication of courage, and the standard of one's appearance. If they are clear, delicate, and curved like a new moon, it signifies that the person is intelligent, wise, and has broad and refined literary talent, surely able to win the桂枝 and pass the imperial examinations, indicating a noble and prosperous destiny. This is a lifetime of good fortune: at the age of twenty-six, when the eyebrows' influence begins, one will achieve fame and success in officialdom. Guo Tai said: eyebrows like a new moon are a fortunate sign, bringing reputation throughout the land. Xu Fu said: eyebrows like a curved bow indicate that one will never lack clothing and food. The "Supreme Clarity Divine Mirror" states: those with eyebrows that are curved and graceful usually have extensive knowledge.

印堂廣雙分入鬢，卿相位何疑：眉中為印堂，名曰官祿宮、相貌宮、福德紫氣宮，一面之中，此位最幹禍福，所以眉毛欲得寬廣，雙分入鬢，主生平多福而貴，二十六歲人運行中，主大發功名。緯林真人曰：眉為羅計之星，宜闊而不欲侵犯紫氣宮。陳圖南曰：翠眉入鬢，位至公卿。《廣鑑集》云：朝中無交眉宰相。

The area between the eyebrows, called the印堂, is also known as the official rank palace, appearance palace, andFortune Virtue purple qi palace. Among all the facial features, this area is most related to fortune and misfortune. Therefore, the eyebrows should be wide, sparse, and open, with each eyebrow extending into the hairline. This indicates a life full of blessings and high status. At the age of twenty-six, one will experience a flourishing period in official rank. The纬林 true person said: eyebrows are the two stars of Luo Hou and Ji Du, which should be open and not invade the purple qi palace (印堂). Chen Tuan said: eyebrows with a green and lush color extending into the hairline indicate reaching the position of a marquis or chancellor. The Guangjianji said: there are no chancellors in the court with their eyebrows meeting.

豎毛多，主殺，神剛氣暴，豈有思維：豎眉者，謂眉毛直立而少也，多主殺性。《大統賦》曰：主性急神猛。好鬥貪殺，無思算之相也。又云：毛直性狠。交頭並印促，背祿奔馳：頭交者，言兩頭印提交鎖，侵犯印堂也。蓋緣印堂是官祿宮，若得眉宇寬，則為官平生安穩。若交促者無祿，而一生走驟愚夫。

There are many people with upright eyebrows, indicating a fierce and aggressive nature, with a strong and fierce spirit, where there is no careful consideration.the so-called upright eyebrows means the eyebrows are straight and sparse, mostly indicating a nature inclined towards violence and killing. The "Da Tong Fu" says: such people are impetuous in temperament, fierce in spirit, fond of fighting and killing, and lack deliberation and planning. It also says: upright eyebrows indicate a harsh and cruel nature. If the two eyebrows meet at the brow and press against the forehead, it indicates a person who leaves their official position and is always on the move throughout their life.the so-called "head intersection" means the two eyebrows lock together, encroaching upon the forehead. Since the forehead is the official position palace, those with broad and sparse eyebrows will have a stable official career throughout their lives; but if the eyebrows meet and press against the forehead, they will have no official position, and will be a foolish person who is always busy and奔波.

印堂又為命宮，眉宇為羅計星，羅計侵犯交促，不利財祿，胡人不在此限，神強者不在此限，在此限即為平生之滯，三六交運至四十一，此四五年最緊。橫直妨妻害子：夫直者，言眉毛。凡生直豎不順也，左妨子，右妨妻，左有如此妻子俱傷。然為平生不利，二十八限至三十，此三年最是不利。旋螺聚必執旗槍：旋螺，言其中毛盤旋似螺絲尾尖，盤盤旋旋而生者，主為人剛健勇猛，可車前槍旗之首當先，無懼而戰也。

The area between the eyebrows is also called the命宫, and the two eyebrows represent the stars 罗睺 and 计都. If 罗睺 and 计都 invade the命宫 and are closely connected, it is not favorable for wealth and official rank. However, this does not apply to people from the northwest ethnic groups, who naturally have thick, connected eyebrows. It also does not apply to those with strong vitality and spirit. Anyone whose condition falls into this category will face continuous obstacles throughout their life. From the age of thirty-six to forty-one, the next four or five years will be the most critical period. If the eyebrows grow horizontally and uprightly, it will harm the wife and children.the so-called "直" means the eyebrows grow straight and upright without bending. If the left eyebrow is like this, it will harm the son; if the right eyebrow is like this, it will harm the wife; if both eyebrows are like this, both wife and children will be harmed. This is a lifelong disadvantage, and the years from twenty-eight to thirty will be the most unfavorable. If there are spiral hairs in the eyebrows forming a spiral shape, the person will definitely serve as a flag bearer or gun carrier in the army.the so-called "旋螺" refers to hairs in the eyebrows that spiral like the tip of a screw, growing in circles. Such people are strong, brave, and fierce, and can serve as vanguard soldiers in battle, fearless in the face of danger.

低壓眼相連不斷，運至必災厄：《廣鑑集》云：眉為羅計之星，眼為日月之象，相眉緊緊貼而與眼相連不斷者，是羅計二星侵犯太陰太陽，太陰太陽為日月之臺，一身之主，二十六限至二十九不利，三十七八九亦不利。若孛星高廣，日月分明，災禍減半。

If the eyebrows are low and press against the eyes, forming a continuous line without interruption, then the destiny of Yixing (a term referring to a type of fate or destiny) arriving here will surely bring misfortune. The "Broad Mirror Collection" states: eyebrows represent the two stars Luo Hui and Ji Du, while the eyes represent the two celestial bodies Taiyang (Sun) and Taiyin (Moon). When examining eyebrows, if they are tightly attached to the eyelids and connected continuously with the eyes, it indicates that the two stars Luo Hui and Ji Du have invaded Taiyang and Taiyin. Taiyang and Taiyin are the locations of the sun and moon, which govern the entire body. Therefore, during the ages of 26 to 29, the destiny of the eyebrows is unfavorable, and during the ages of 37, 38, and 39, the destiny of the eyes is unfavorable. However, if the "Yue Bo Star" (located at the mountain root) is high and broad, and the eyes are clearly black and white, then this misfortune can be reduced by half.

論曰：運限者，兩眉管四年人中主，左二年二十六七，右二年，二十八九眉生四理。黑子眉中生者，初主水厄，眉頭生者，主性剛，眉上生者主貴官。紋理眉中十字元字紋者，大亨。有坤卦紋者，祿二千石。有成土字並魚鳥形紋，主大將公卿之位。

In general, it is said that the eyebrows govern a period of four years, representing the initial phase of the middle period. The left eyebrow governs two years, corresponding to the ages of 26 and 27, while the right eyebrow also governs two years, corresponding to the ages of 28 and 29. Additionally, one should examine four lines of texture above the eyebrows. Black moles on the eyebrows: if a black mole appears in the middle of the eyebrow, it indicates early troubles related to water; if it appears at the beginning of the eyebrow, it suggests a strong and stubborn nature; if it appears above the eyebrow, it indicates the possibility of attaining a high official position. The texture between the eyebrows: if a 'cross' shape or a 'yuan' shape appears in the middle of the eyebrows, it indicates great success and smoothness; if the shape resembles the 'Kun' trigram (three horizontal lines), it suggests the possibility of receiving a salary equivalent to two thousand stones; if the shape is like the character 'earth', or like the shapes of a fish or a bird, it indicates the possibility of holding a high military or government position.

眉上氣色忽然白者，主哭泣聲服忌。忽然紅色者，三日七日主口舌官訟。黃明入華蓋，日近遠喜信入宅。又主動出為吉。眉中忽然生毫長，謂之壽毛，然不宜早生。萬金相云：二十生毛三十死，四十生毛命壽長，若四十之上忽然生一毫長者，三年內遇貴。

Looking at the color on the eyebrows: if the color suddenly turns white, it indicates there will be matters involving crying and mourning; if it suddenly turns red, there will be disputes or lawsuits within three to seven days; if a bright yellow color penetrates into the area of the heavenly stem (the forehead above the eyebrows), there will be good news arriving home within a few days or soon, and it is auspicious for travel. If a long hair suddenly grows in the middle of the eyebrows, it is called 'long hair of longevity' (寿毛), but it is not suitable to appear too early. The "Ten Thousand Gold Methods of Facial Reading" says: if the long hair of longevity appears at twenty years old, death may occur by thirty; if it appears at forty, it indicates longevity; if a long hair suddenly grows after forty, there will be a meeting with a nobleman within three years.

兩眼浮光，雙輪噴火，殺人賊好奸謀：兩眼浮光者，謂噴突不收，光射人也。雙輪噴火，上下眼堂紅赤，如炎火噴外也，似此者則主人凶惡，奸狡貪鄙，衷懷奸盜之心。然平生之惡。三十歲入運，至三十五此五年大發。三十七至四十。此四年亦不利。《大統賦》云：睛如點漆。許負門：目中赤沙起，法死須妨己。又謂之蛇眼，赤沙便是噴火。

A person whose eyes glow with a floating light and whose upper and lower eye sockets are as red as flames is a murderer who uses treachery, a thief who relies on cunning. The term "two eyes with floating light" refers to the eyeballs protruding and the spiritual light not being contained, shining intensely and intimidating others. The term "two wheels spewing fire" refers to the upper and lower eye sockets being red and fiery, as if flames are spewing outward. Such eyes indicate a person who is cruel, cunning, greedy, and dishonest, harboring a mind for theft. This is a lifelong evil appearance. At the age of thirty, the eye's influence begins, and during the five years up to thirty-five, the evil nature becomes more pronounced; during the four years from thirty-seven to forty, it is also unfavorable. The "Great Unity Treatise" states that good eyes should be dark and bright like a point of lacquer (which is exactly the opposite of this). Xu Fu says that if there is a red network of blood vessels in the eyes, according to facial physiognomy, it indicates a sudden and violent death, and one should be cautious of self-injury. This kind of eye is also called "serpent eyes." The term "red sand" refers to the fiery spewing mentioned above (the original text should read "Xu Fu said" instead of "Xu Fu's door").

睛如點漆，應不是常流：《廣鑑集》云：兩睛黑光如點漆，昭輝明朗光彩射人者，投貴人臣，神仙高士，奇異之相，然為平生之福，三十歲至三十五歲，此六歲顯耀功名。眼大者多攻藝業：《月波洞中經》云：眼睛大而端定，不浮不露，黑白分明者。主可學藝業，異於眾人。成家立業。

A person whose eyes are black and bright like a point of lacquer is certainly not an ordinary person. The "Broad Mirror Collection" says: if both eyes are black and luminous like a point of lacquer, clear and radiant, dazzling others with their brilliance, this is an extraordinary appearance that can lead to becoming a high-ranking official or a sage, a blessing for a lifetime; during the six years from thirty to thirty-five, one's fame and achievements will be prominent. People with large eyes are more likely to study and master skills and academic pursuits. The "Moon Wave Cave Classic" says: if the pupils are large, upright, steady, neither floating nor protruding, and clearly defined in black and white, they indicate the ability to learn and master a skill or academic discipline, surpassing ordinary people, and establishing a family and career.

上視者勿與交遊：上視者，或看物觀望，或觀人昂面，睛昂向上視者，主為人賊性，自強自是，不容物，太察多疑，不可為友，同行須在富貴之中，不可深交，又曰，上視者，人多狠。斜觀狼目強獨，性鏗吝更貪求：斜觀者，主人秉性剛強，獨能堅吝者，自堅不施，貪鄙愛聚，損人安已，縱居富貴能文，亦不改堅吝之心，口腹不能相應之人也。

A person who constantly looks upward with their eyes is not to be associated with.the so-called「上视」 refers to looking at things or people with the face raised and the eyes rolled upward. Such people have a阴贼 (sneaky and malicious) nature, are stubborn and self-willed, cannot tolerate others, are overly critical and suspicious. They should not be considered as friends; even if they are in the same circle of wealth and status, one should not be too close to them. It is also said that those who look upward are often cruel and fierce. Those who look sideways, like a wolf's eyes, are solitary and self-reliant, stingy yet greedy.the so-called「斜观」 refers to a person who is strong-willed, solitary, and stingy. They hold on tightly to what they have, never giving anything away, are greedy for accumulation, and harm others to benefit themselves. Even if they are wealthy and have literary talent, they cannot change this stingy nature. They are people whose words do not match their thoughts.

《廣鑑集》云：目為心之外戶，觀其物外而知其內也。孟子曰：胸中正則眸子了焉，胸中不正，則眸子不能掩其惡也，善惡在目中偏正。善者。正視神清睛定。惡則斜視不定神濁。《太清神鑑》云：眼有些小病，心有些小毒，眼有十分病，心有十分毒。眼善心也善，眼噁心亦惡。《大統賦》云：斜盼者人遭其毒，然居富貴之書，只是心中不正，何況於小人乎。

The Guangjianji says: The eyes are the outer gate of the heart, and one can see the inner nature from their appearance. Mencius said: If the heart is upright, the eyes will be bright and clear; if the heart is not upright, the eyes cannot hide his wickedness. Therefore, good and evil can be judged by the straightness or slant of the gaze: a good person has a steady, upright gaze, clear spirit, and calm eyes; a wicked person has a slanted gaze, flickering and unstable, with a murky spirit. The Taqing Shenjian says: If the eyes have a few faults, the heart has a few poisons; if the eyes have many faults, the heart has many poisons. Good eyes mean a good heart; evil eyes mean an evil heart. The Datong Fu says: Those who look with slanted eyes will harm others. Such people, even if they are wealthy and educated, are merely unscrupulous;何况 those who are common people. (The original text says '之书' which should be '知书'.)

圓大神光露，心懷兇狠，訟獄堪憂：若圓大眼睛突露光者，主兇暴，多招禍患，常遭囹圄之囚繫，然為平生之凶，二十八限至三十五歲不利。三十七八九亦然，雖居富貴，亦為兇徒。若肯讀書，近君子遠小人，其凶減半。《月波洞中經》云：莫交眼突，往往見災□。又曰，眼露心亦露。

Eyes that are round and large with the spirit light shining outwards indicate a fierce and cruel heart, and one should be concerned about legal troubles and imprisonment. If the eyes are round and large, with the spirit light leaking out, this signifies a violent and fierce nature, often leading to misfortune and frequent imprisonment, which is a lifelong ominous sign. From the age of twenty-eight to thirty-five, this is unfavorable, and the same applies to the ages thirty-seven, thirty-eight, and thirty-nine. Even if one is wealthy and prosperous, they remain a dangerous person. If one is willing to study and understand principles, and to associate with gentlemen while avoiding petty people, half of the danger can be reduced. The "Moon Wave Cave Classic" says: do not associate with people who have protruding eyes, as they often bring disaster. It also says: those with prominent eyes cannot keep their thoughts hidden.

似雞蛇鼠目，不濫須偷：《月波洞中經》云：雞目無痕，好鬥貪淫。蛇目上胞厚而心毒。鼠目左小竊盜，似者男女盜竊貪婪無恥，然居富貴，亦不改奸妒之象。三角深藏毒害：眼生三角，兇狠之人，常能損物害人，若是女子，妨夫不良。《大統賦》云：三角多嗔，為妨夫命。刃者劍刃也，婦人眼生三角，如殺夫之劍也。

Those with eyes resembling a chicken's, a snake's, or a rat's are either prone to licentious behavior or have a tendency to steal. The "Moon Wave Classic" states: a chicken's eye lacks eye patterns, indicating a nature inclined to quarrel and indulge in lust; a snake's eye has thick upper eyelids, indicating a poisonous heart; a rat's eye is uneven and small on both sides, indicating a propensity for theft. Those with these types of eyes, regardless of gender, are greedy, steal constantly, and lack shame; even if they are wealthy, they cannot change their nature of deceit and jealousy. Those with triangular eyes and deep-set pupils are malicious in heart. Those with triangular eyes are fierce and often harm others; if they are women, they tend to harm their husbands and behave improperly. The "Great Unity Treatise" says: people with triangular eyes are often irritable and may endanger their husbands' lives; the term "blade" refers to a sword, so a woman with a triangular eye is like a sword that kills her husband.

頻偷視，定無良籌：頻偷視者，謂談話之間，廣會之座，低目沉吟，常常用眼偷觀人者，乃為人心性不定，多疑智淺之象。神清爽秀，長如鳳目，身顯作王侯：神清秀者，瞳子瑩潔，黑白分明，如曉星光肘四遠也。長如鳳者。鳳目細長入鬢，極一寸五分，陰陽，大富大貴□蜀關雲長，唐房玄齡俱應。

A person who frequently looks around furtively is likely to lack good ideas.the so-called「频偷视」 refers to someone who, during conversation or in public, keeps their eyes low and appears to be deep in thought, yet constantly glances sideways at others. This is a sign of an unstable mind, excessive suspicion, and shallow intelligence. Those with clear and bright eyes, long and slender eyes like the phoenix's eyes, are destined for high status and noble positions.the so-called「神清秀」 means the pupils are bright and clear, with distinct black and white, like the dawn light shining far and wide (the original text mistakenly says 「光肘」, which should be 「光射」).the so-called「长如凤」 refers to eyes that are long and slender, with the tail curling into the hair, reaching one and a half inches in length; the two eyes are balanced between yin and yang, indicating great wealth and honor. Figures like Guan Yu (Zhang Yunchang) of Shu Han and Fang Xuanling of the Tang Dynasty exemplify this characteristic.

論曰：運限者，兩目管六年，左目三十三十一二，右目三十四五。目有四神，黑子生在眼胞上者，貪婪作竊。眼下者妨害。氣色者，三陰三陽，忽然生黑氣，深者二五日，淺者二七日，家宅不寧，陰人是非。紅者火災。眼下鋪青者，連累口舌。赤者官災。黑者破耗。黃明者最吉。陰人目下青者喪夫。赤者產厄。眼尾其色瑩白光潤者，主夫位增遷，財祿之喜。

In general, the eyes are associated with a period of six years. The left eye governs the ages thirty, thirty-one, and thirty-two, while the right eye governs thirty-four and thirty-five. The eyes have four divine aspects, and one must distinguish between clear, turbid, hidden, and exposed. Black moles on the upper eyelid indicate greed and theft, while those on the lower eyelid suggest harm to the Six Relations. Now looking at the complexion: if dark black clouds suddenly appear beneath both eyes, the color being deep indicates unrest in the household and disputes among women within ten days, while a lighter color suggests the same within fourteen days. Red coloration indicates a fire disaster. If a layer of green appears beneath the eyes, it suggests being involved in disputes. Red coloration also indicates legal troubles, while black coloration suggests financial loss. A bright and clear yellow color is the most auspicious. For women, if a blue color appears beneath the eyes, it indicates the loss of a husband, while a red color indicates childbirth difficulties. If the color at the corners of the eyes is bright and smooth, it indicates that the husband will be promoted in official position and will have good fortune in wealth and status.

竅小鏗貪：竅者，鼻孔也。《萬金相》云：左右胞謂之仙庫，左胞名左庫，右胞名右庫，夫庫欲高豐厚。竅者庫之戶也，戶欲小而齊，庫厚而隆，庫小而齊者，庫內有積也。庫狹而薄，戶大而薄者，庫無積也。竅小庫齊之相，好聚而不舍。戶寬反仰之相，無積而好施也。

A person with small nostrils is stingy and tends to hoard wealth. "Qiao" refers to the nostrils. The "Wan Jin Xiang Fa" states that the left and right sides of the nose are called "Xian Ku," with the left side being the Left Repository and the right side the Right Repository. The repositories should be high, thick, and full. The nostrils are the entrance to the repositories; they should be small and even. The repositories should be thick and prominent. If the repositories are small and the entrance is even, there is wealth stored within. If the repositories are narrow and thin, and the entrance is large and thin, there is no stored wealth. Therefore, a person with small nostrils and even nasal wings tends to accumulate wealth and be reluctant to spend. A person with wide nostrils and a raised nose tends to spend money easily and be generous. This passage discusses the accumulation and dispersal of wealth, as revealed by the appearance of the nostrils and the nasal wings.

高隆顯宦：《廣鑑集》云：鼻為土宿，萬物生於土，歸於土，象乎山嶽，山不厭高，土不厭厚，義為一面之表也。夫天地人三才之中，鼻為人也，欲得高隆而貴。《大統賦》云：惟鼻者，號嵩嶽，居中為天柱而高聳，梁貴乎豐隆，漢高祖隆準，終為平生之福，三十五至五十中，大顯功名。

A person with a high and prominent nose is likely to hold a high official position. The "Broad Mirror Collection" states: the nose belongs to the element of earth among the five stars, called "earth host"; all things are born from earth and return to earth, so the nose is likened to mountains. Mountains do not mind being high, and earth does not mind being thick, hence the nose is a significant feature. In the three elements of heaven, earth, and humanity, the forehead represents heaven, the chin represents earth, and the nose, being in the middle, represents humanity. Therefore, it is important for the nose to be high and prominent to signify wealth and status. The "Great Unified Treatise" says: only the nose is called Mount Song, the central mountain, located in the middle of the face, rising like a heavenly pillar. The bridge of the nose is valued for being full and prominent. Emperor Gaozu of Han was known as "long zhen" (long nose), which ultimately brought him great fortune. The nose's influence is prominent from the age of thirty-five to fifty, which is the time when one can achieve great fame and success.

偏斜曲陷堪傷：偏斜者，不端正，主孤滯也。曲者主孤貧。《萬金相》云：鼻偏左先損父，偏右先損母。又曰，樑柱不直，中年遭厄。六七八限至九六不利。許負曰：鼻仰突，多孤獨。陷者，地低四陷，瘡窩疵瘕痕傷也，亦主妨厄，最不利。

A nose that is crooked, bent, or sunken indicates injury or misfortune. "Crooked" means the nose is not straight, indicating loneliness and obstacles. "Bent" means the bridge of the nose is curved, indicating loneliness and poverty. The "Ten Thousand Gold Methods of Physiognomy" states that if the nose leans to the left, it indicates the father's death first; if it leans to the right, it indicates the mother's death first. It also says that if the bridge of the nose is not straight, there will be difficulties in middle age; the period from thirty-six to forty-nine is not favorable for the nose's fortune. Xu Fu said that if the nostrils are upturned and the tip of the nose is prominent, it often indicates loneliness.所谓 "sunken" means the area around the nose is low and the surrounding areas are concave, or there are sores, scars, or blemishes, which also indicate obstacles and misfortune, being the most unfavorable.

《萬金相》云：印堂缺陷，財祿不旺，三十六歲，不利妻房。山根缺陷自身傷害，三十八歲，本身不利。金匱缺陷，鎖在他鄉，三十九遠出不利，亦重破祖。年上缺陷，哭聲不祥，四十歲孝服哭泣動。月孛缺陷，百事為傷，四十一歲凡幹□難成。壽上缺陷，作事乖舛，四十二歲，凡幹不利。準頭缺陷，人事不和，四十三歲，妨是非口舌。左庫缺陷，財物消散。四十四歲破財。右庫缺陷，橫事極多，四十五大破財。

The book "Wan Jin Xiang Fa" lists the predicted years for various defects in the nose: if the area above the nose (Yin Tang) is defective, wealth and official rank will not be prosperous, and there will be unfavorable circumstances for the wife at the age of thirty-six. If the root of the nose (Shan Gen) is defective, the person will suffer harm, and there will be unfavorable circumstances for the person themselves at the age of thirty-eight. If the Golden Chest (Jin Kui, the sides of the root of the nose) is defective, the person will be detained away from home, and there will be unfavorable circumstances for traveling far away at the age of thirty-nine, which also indicates repeated losses of ancestral property. If the year position (Nian Shang) is defective, there will be ominous signs of crying, and at the age of forty, there will be matters involving mourning and crying. If the Moon孛 (Yue Bo, another name for the root of the nose) is defective, all affairs will be harmed, and at the age of forty-one, whatever one seeks will be difficult to achieve. If the longevity position (Shou Shang) is defective, actions will be wrong and mistakes will occur, and at the age of forty-two, all affairs will be unfavorable. If the tip of the nose (Zhen Tou) is defective, there will be disharmony in interpersonal relationships, and at the age of forty-three, one should be cautious of disputes and verbal conflicts. If the left warehouse (Zuo Ku, the left wing of the nose) is defective, wealth will be scattered, and at the age of forty-four, there will be financial loss. If the right warehouse (You Ku, the right wing of the nose) is defective, there will be many unexpected troubles, and at the age of forty-five, there will be major financial loss.

此十缺陷，然為人限不利，必須更看別位滿缺乘除。若是神陷，色尾陷，文武陷，天地陷，色更青赤，乃為一生孤克，貧下之相也。蓋緣缺處多。若天地豐，目下平，日月明，魚尾滿，氣色正，似此者，運至有災。《大統賦》云：完美宜官，破露憂辱，最忌準頭。

The above ten defects all indicate unfavorable conditions when reaching the appropriate time; however, one must also consider other areas, whether they are full or lacking, and calculate the additions and subtractions accordingly, without relying solely on one aspect. If the divine light is sunken, the eye tail color is sunken, the Wen and Wu stars (left and right eyebrows and eyes) are sunken, and the Heaven and Earth sections are all sunken, along with a bluish or reddish complexion, this indicates a life of loneliness, suffering, and low status, due to too many deficiencies. Conversely, if the Heaven and Earth sections are full, the eye area is level, the day and moon angles are bright, the fish tail is full, and the complexion is proper, then even if there are disasters at the defective areas during a period of misfortune, the harm will not be severe. The "Da Tong Fu" states: a perfect nose shape is suitable for officialdom, while a damaged and exposed nose indicates worry and humiliation, with the most serious issue being damage to the tip of the nose.

若還短促，未敢許榮昌：短促，鼻小侷促也。《大統賦》云：巢窩，面之儀表，欲其廣大，主富貴。若短小侷促，主貧賤。許負曰：鼻小莫求官。《大統賦》云：小而滯者作童僕。若鼻短促，童僕之相，為平生貧賤，六六至五九，最不利於己。然鼻小之相，終身不富貴，縱有神骨，相貌亦不祥。

If the nose is short and narrow, one should not expect him to achieve honor and prosperity. "Short and narrow" refers to a small and cramped nose. The "Great Unity Treatise" states that the nose, as the "nest," is an indicator of one's fortune; it should be broad and large to signify wealth and nobility. If it is short and narrow, it indicates poverty and low status. Xu Fu said that people with small noses should not pursue official positions. The "Great Unity Treatise" also mentions that those with small noses and dull complexion can only be servants. A short and narrow nose indeed indicates the appearance of a servant, leading to a life of poverty and low status; during the period from thirty-six to fifty-nine years old, it is particularly unfavorable for oneself. In summary, the appearance of a small nose is unlikely to bring wealth and honor throughout one's life. Even if one's spirit, demeanor, and bone structure are still acceptable, the overall appearance is not auspicious.

生怕十分昂露：昂露，鼻孔仰。孔為二庫之門，十分昂露者，謂戶門開闊內無積也，難為平生不利，五九大破。廣鑑相中，大忌鷹嘴露竅。《大統賦》云：井灶露破廚無粟。井灶者，鼻孔也，又云斜如菱藕之狀，困乏預儲，斜如菱藕者，鼻斜露似刀切藕也，預儲為盛米之器也。困乏為無米也。《照膽經》云：鼻孔外仰成惡敗。

The most feared feature is when the nostrils are extremely upturned and exposed. "Angled and exposed" means the nostrils are lifted upward. The nostrils are the gateways of the two reservoirs on either side. If they are extremely upturned and exposed, it is like having the gates wide open but no water stored inside, leading to inevitable misfortune throughout one's life, and a major financial loss at the age of fifty-nine. According to the "Broad Mirror Collection" method of physiognomy, it is most undesirable to have a hooked nose resembling an eagle's beak with the nostrils exposed. The "Great Uniform Assignment" states: if the well and stove are broken and exposed, the kitchen has no stored grain—the "well and stove" refer to the nostrils. It also says: if the nose is slanted like a cut lotus stem, the granary is empty—the "slanted like lotus stem" means the nose is slanted and exposed, as if cut by a knife; "granary" is a storage container for grain, and "empty" means there is no grain. The "Zhao Chan Jing" says: if the nostrils are exposed and upward, it indicates a person with a fierce and declining fate.

如懸膽，必作朝郎：如懸膽者，其形從印堂隆隆懸垂，直下準頭，準頭完美如彈者是也。似懸掛豬羊之膽，有骨法，貴作朝郎，無骨法者，富有千金。《心鏡經》云：鼻如懸膽，終須貴，土曜當生得地來。若是山根連額起，定知榮貴作三臺。許負曰：鼻如懸膽，家財鉅萬。《大統賦》云：圓如懸膽之形，榮食鼎□，為平生之福，六六至五九，大發財祿。

A nose shaped like a hanging gallbladder indicates a person will certainly hold an official position in the imperial court. The term "like a hanging gallbladder" refers to a nose that starts from the forehead, gradually slopes downward, and ends at the tip, which is round and full, resembling a small ball. The entire nose looks like a hanging pig gallbladder. If such a nose is further accompanied by good bone structure, the person will attain high official rank; even without good bone structure, they will be wealthy with thousands of gold coins. The "Heart Mirror Classic" says: A nose like a hanging gallbladder will surely achieve high status, because the earth element (nose) is in its proper place. If the mountain root continuously connects with the elevated forehead, the person will certainly achieve honor and be ranked among the Three Palaces. Xu Fu said: A nose like a hanging gallbladder indicates a family with immense wealth. The "Great Unity Treatise" says: A nose that is round like a hanging gallbladder will enjoy the honor of dining with bronze vessels, which is a lifetime fortune; during the period from age thirty-six to fifty-nine, great wealth and official favor will be attained.

年壽上縱橫紋理，家破苦窮忙：鼻為年壽二位，屬中央戊已上，萬物生成之地，又為巢窩，欲其光隆無犯者吉，若有縱橫亂紋交雜者，破祖離家，一生弛驟奔波苦，終日揭貧困而厄。若得形正神剛，則主成敗走驟，若女子不可為配。《大統賦》云：紋若亂交，慎勿為乎眷屬，平生大破。

The two sections on the nose, namely the year section and the longevity section, if they have intersecting and chaotic lines, indicate the destruction of family fortune and a life of constant toil and poverty. The nose is divided into two parts, the year section and the longevity section, which belong to the central Wu Ji earth (the original text says "Wu Yi Shang" but should be "Wu Ji Tu"), the place where all things are generated, also called "nest." It should be smooth, bright, and elevated without being invaded by anything else for good fortune. If there are intersecting and chaotic lines on it, it indicates the destruction of ancestral property, leaving home and traveling far away, a life of constant toil and hardship, and being constantly oppressed by poverty. Even if the appearance is upright and the spirit is strong, it only means ups and downs in success and failure, and constant wandering. If such a pattern appears on a woman's face, she should not be married to someone with such a nose. The "Da Tong Fu" says: if there are chaotic lines on the nose, one should never form a close relationship with such a person, because it will lead to the destruction of family fortune throughout one's life.

山根低折，田園不守，妻子先亡：低者，塌也。折者，橫紋斷流也。似此者則主破祖離巢，妨害妻子也。終為平生之患，三十七至四十歲，運行到此，男女並同，蓋緣為生日不順也。若更眉壓眼，神氣薄，樑柱偏，輕則中年大病刑獄，重則喪軀矣。或得形正神強，色明聲亮，其害減半。

If the mountain root is low and sunken or broken, it indicates an inability to maintain the family estate, and the wife and children may die first. "Low" refers to a sunken appearance, and "broken" means the nose bridge is cut off by horizontal lines. This is a sign of the destruction of ancestral property, leaving the home, and causing harm to the wife. This is a lifelong隐患. From the age of thirty-seven to forty, both men and women will experience this, because this area is naturally a place of poor vitality. If this is combined with eyebrows pressing the eyes, a weak spirit, and a crooked nose bridge, it may lead to serious illness or imprisonment in middle age, and in severe cases, even death. However, if the appearance is upright, the spirit is strong, the complexion is bright, and the voice is loud, the harm can be reduced by half.

《五總龜》曰：月孛宮中折又尖，家財早破事相煎，妻兒晚見尤難保，況是□屬少年。《萬金相》云：山根斷折，三十九四十一，三年命祿中。

The Five General Divination Book says: If the moon孛 palace (mountain root) is both broken and sharp, the family wealth will be ruined early, and everything will be troubled; such a person may not even be able to preserve his family even if he gains wife and children in his later years, let alone the fact that this is still happening in his youth. The Ten Thousand Gold Physiognomy says: A person with a broken mountain root will have the years thirty-nine, forty, and forty-one falling exactly within the destiny palace and the official position in his life, and he must be especially cautious during these years.

又曰：月孛名山根，又名疾厄宮，又名妻子宮。又名月孛宮，又名嶺斷宮，司囚宮，在山根上一分，名玉嶺根斷自身傷。又曰：嶺斷官司不自由，嶺根折斷自身休。山根嶺斷三十九，嶺根道斷自身休。又曰：山懸橋道耗財，主嶺山根金道三位折也。嶺根平梁，財聚，三位高也，此三位嶺根道，於一面之中，諸部之內，最關禍福，學者可用意觀之。

It is also said that the mountain root has many other names, such as the Moon孛, the Palace of Illness, the Palace of Wife, the Palace of Moon孛, the Palace of Ridge Break, and the Palace of Prisoner. The area one part above the mountain root is called "Jade Ridge." If this area is broken, it indicates self-injury. It is also said that those with broken ridges often get involved in legal troubles and lack freedom; if the ridge root is broken, the person is doomed. The breaking of the mountain root and Jade Ridge occurs at the age of thirty-nine. If the ridge, root, and path are all broken, the person is in great danger. It is also said that the damage to the mountain, hanging, bridge, and path areas leads to financial loss, referring to the breaking of the Jade Ridge, mountain root, and gold path. Conversely, if the ridge, root, and path are full and level, it indicates wealth accumulation, due to these three areas being raised. Among all the areas of the face, the ridge, root, and path are most closely related to fortune and misfortune, so those studying physiognomy should pay close attention to them.

鼻如鷹嘴樣狡狠：鷹嘴樣者，嶺根道三位細細低下，年壽孤聳，準頭尖垂向下者是也。可旁觀得見，主最毒。《廣鑑集》云：鼻如鷹嘴，啄人心髓。貧女曰：旁觀曲凸如鷹嘴，心裡奸謀暗殺人。許負曰：生伯如鷹嘴，一生奸詐不堪言。《月波洞中經》云：相中大忌鷹嘴露竅，似此者，主為人最毒，常懷嫉賢妒能。外貌偽和假寬，內實毒害。然居富貴知書，不免貪婪奸狡，何況小人乎？又主好成要敗，四十五歲主人破財。

A person with a nose shaped like an eagle's beak is cunning and cruel. The so-called "eagle-beak nose" refers to the jade ridge, mountain root, and golden path being finely and deeply indented, with a single peak rising in the middle between the year and longevity lines, and the tip of the nose sharply pointing downward. This is most clearly seen from the side, indicating a person with a very poisonous heart. The "Broad Mirror Collection" says: a nose like an eagle's beak will peck out others' innermost thoughts. The "Poor Woman's Physiognomy" says: those whose noses appear curved and protruding like an eagle's beak when viewed from the side have hidden schemes and intend to harm others. Xu Fu said: a person born with an eagle-beak nose is so cunning that he cannot even speak it out. The "Moon Wave Classic" says: in physiognomy, the most detestable feature is an eagle-beak nose combined with exposed nostrils; such people are the most poisonous, often jealous of the talented, appearing gentle and kind on the outside but actually wicked inside. Even if such a person is wealthy and educated, he cannot avoid greed and deceit, let alone commoners. This kind of person is prone to having things start to succeed but then fail, and at the age of forty-five, he will suffer financial loss.

廣大巢窩須穩：《萬金相》云：鼻為巢窩，人之家宅也。欲其樑柱端直，年壽豐隆廣大肉厚，接迎東西二嶽，準圓庫起者。主家宅廣人口多，三十六歲入運，至五十九歲，此十年大進入口並宅舍。《大統賦》云：梁廣者窩巢穩。

The nose is called the "nest," and if it is wide, the family residence will be stable. The "Wan Jin Xiang Fa" states: the nose is called the nest, which represents a person's family home. The bridge of the nose should be straight and upright, with the year and longevity areas broad and thick, extending to the left and right to connect with the East Mountain (left cheekbone) and the West Mountain (right cheekbone). The tip of the nose should be round, with the two sides forming the "Heavenly Treasury" rising prominently. Such a person's family home is spacious and has many people. From the age of thirty-six to fifty-nine, during the nose's influence period, there will be ten years in which the family adds more members and builds a house. The "Datu Fen" says: a person with a broad bridge of the nose has a stable nest.

光明主財祿殊常：《太神神鑑》云：面部有五嶽之位，額為南嶽衡山，屬離火。頦為北嶽恆山，屬坎水，左顴為東嶽泰山，屬震木，右顴為西嶽華山，屬兌金，鼻為中嶽嵩山，屬中央土，金木水火土，各有時，火主夏，水主冬，木主春，金主秋，惟土每季旺十八日，乃為萬物生成之地，所以鼻貴乎高隆光明色黃者，得其十之本色也，若有骨法者，主有貴祿，在庶人得財入宅。

If the color of the nose is bright and clear, it indicates extraordinary wealth and official rank. The Supreme Clarity Divine Mirror says: the face has five mountains, namely, the forehead representing the southern mountain, Mount Heng, which belongs to the fire trigram Li; the chin representing the northern mountain, Mount Heng, which belongs to the water trigram Kan; the left cheek representing the eastern mountain, Mount Tai, which belongs to the wood trigram Zhen; the right cheek representing the western mountain, Mount Hua, which belongs to the metal trigram Dui; and the nose representing the central mountain, Mount Song, which belongs to the central earth. Metal, wood, water, fire, and earth each have their dominant seasons: fire is strong in summer, water in winter, wood in spring, and metal in autumn. Only earth is strong for eighteen days at the end of each season, being the origin of all things. Therefore, the nose is valuable when it is high, full, and bright with a yellow color, which is the true color of earth. If such a nose is further accompanied by a good bone structure, it indicates high official rank and substantial salary; even for common people, it signifies the ability to gain wealth and buy property.

《大統賦》云：梁貴乎於隆貫額，高也。色貴乎光瑩溢目，明也。許負曰：準明印正，諸事亨通。鬼谷先生曰：欲觀在任吉凶者，看年壽二位，一分黃明，一年無事，二分黃明，二載平安，三分黃明，三周吉利，若見非來之色，或青或赤或黑，並主當年不利。《五總龜》曰：年壽四時黃。財帛喜非常。

The Great Unity Treatise says: The nose bridge is valuable when it is prominent and straight, reaching the forehead, which is called "high"; the color is valuable when it is bright and full, entering the eyes, which is called "bright." Xu Fu said: The tip of the nose is bright and smooth, and the area between the eyebrows is upright and proper, so all things go smoothly. Ghost Valley Master said: To see the fortune of an official, look at the color of the year and the color of longevity. One part of yellow brightness means no problems in one year; two parts mean peace for two years; three parts mean good fortune for three years. If one sees colors that should not appear, such as blue, red, or black, it indicates misfortune in the current year. The Five Categories Manual says: If the year and longevity areas, as well as the four seasons, remain yellow and smooth, there will be extraordinary joy from wealth.

《廣鑑集》云：心善三陽光點點，左眼胞也。脾安鼻準見黃明，耳輪焦黑腎臟喪，年壽黃明福德生，右目上下，忽然準頭明更淨，等閒有土是通亨，土者黃明也。自印堂至準庫中間，四季常得黃明。寒暑不侵。壽怒不變，乃為平生之福也。

The Guangjianji says: A person with a good heart will have bright spots appearing along the left eye lid (the three yang area); a person with a peaceful temper will show a yellow bright color on the nose; if the ear wheel is black and scorched, it indicates kidney damage; if the year and longevity areas on the face are yellow and bright, fortune and virtue arise from there (the three yin refer to the area above and below the right eye). If the nose suddenly becomes bright and clean, and one suddenly sees a yellow color, it indicates smoothness and success—here, "earth" refers to the yellow bright color. From the inner palace to the nose tip and the immortal's treasury area, if this section remains yellow and bright throughout the four seasons, it will not be affected by cold or heat, nor will it change with joy or anger, which is the fortune for a lifetime (the original text says "longevity anger" but should be "joy and anger").

準頭黑，蘭臺暗摻，旬日必身亡：準頭者，是土之主。蘭臺，左鼻胞名蘭臺，又右為廷尉。《海底眼》曰：夫鼻者，運五臟之精華，肺之苗。肺虛則通，而色瑩光明。無病多吉。肺災則塞，而色摻黑暗，大患至而多凶。若見準頭蘭臺包修黑暗者，大病速至，不出十日之內喪矣。病人最怕此色。

If the nose appears blackish, and the Lan Tai area is dark and mixed with other colors, the person will certainly die within ten days. The 'Zhu Tou' refers to the central part of the nose, which is governed by the Earth element. The 'Lan Tai' is the name for the left side of the nose wing, while the right side is called 'Ting Wei'. The 'Undersea Eye' says that the nose carries the essence of the five internal organs and is the orifice of the lungs. When the lung energy is weak but smooth, the nose color is bright and lustrous, indicating no illness and good fortune. However, if the lungs are diseased and blocked, the nose color becomes dark and mixed, indicating a major illness approaching and bad fortune. If the Zhu Tou and Lan Tai areas are entirely dark, a serious illness will arrive immediately, and the person will die within ten days. Patients are most afraid of this kind of coloration.

論曰：運限者鼻管十年，自印堂二十八，至右庫五十。鼻有二節，黑於在山根者，主妨妻害子，鼻側，大凶不利，年上者兄弟難為，印堂當中圓黑者，貴吉。夫氣色印堂山根，光明者吉，暗慘者滯，年壽黃明者吉，黑病，赤官災，青破耗，白哭泣，準頭黃明者，喜慶立至。黑大病，赤紅者破耗，白者破毒。

In general, the nose corresponds to a period of ten years, starting from the age of twenty-eight at the印堂 (front hairline) up to fifty at the right库 (right warehouse). The nose is divided into two sections: the year section and the longevity section. The verification of moles is as follows: a black mole on the山根 (bridge of the nose) indicates harm to wife and children; a mole on the side of the nose is very凶 (dangerous) and unfavorable; a mole on the year section suggests difficulty with brothers; only a round black mole at the center of the印堂 (front hairline) is considered auspicious and beneficial. Now looking at the color: if the印堂 and山根 are bright, it is auspicious; if they are dark and gloomy, it indicates stagnation. If the year section and longevity section have a yellow and bright color, it is good; if they turn black, it indicates illness; if red, it indicates legal troubles; if blue, it indicates financial loss; if white, it indicates crying. If the准头 (nose tip) is yellow and bright, it means good news is coming soon; if black, it indicates a serious illness; if red, it indicates financial loss; if white, it indicates poisoning or injury.

短促、唇掀、色青、齒露、偏邪，骨肉相煎：促者，口聚也。短者，橫窄也。促短者，並主孤也。《大統賦》云：口如吹火似寒酸。吹者撮聚也。《通神鬼眼相》曰：口有三聚，一曰猴口，吹火聚注，令人無子，孑立自身亡。二曰羊口，飲水聚注，令人孤寒，好歌樂，無衣糧。三曰鶴口，縮囊聚注，令孤寒，性寡親子另房。

The mouth is short and quick, the lips raised, the face pale, the teeth exposed, and the mouth slanted, indicating that relatives and family members will be in conflict with each other. "促" refers to the mouth being tightly closed, and "短" refers to the mouth being narrow and short horizontally; both indicate loneliness. The "Da Tong Fu" states: if the mouth is tightly closed like blowing fire, it is a sign of poverty and hardship—"blowing" means closing the mouth tightly. The "Tong Shen Gui Yan Xiang" says: there are three types of mouth shapes that indicate a tightly closed mouth. The first is called "Hou Kou" (monkey mouth), which is tightly closed like blowing fire, indicating no children and a lonely old age. The second is called "Yang Kou" (sheep mouth), which is tightly closed like drinking water, indicating poverty and hardship, a tendency to enjoy singing and music, but lacking clothing and food. The third is called "He Kou" (crane mouth), which is tightly closed like a bag being drawn up, indicating poverty and hardship, a reclusive nature, and living separately from one's own children.

唇掀者，口唇翻蹇也，亦主弧克。《太清神鑑》曰：眼露睛，唇皮蹇，男憂賊盜，女憂產難。若去寺觀及出家，免得一身見八難。青色者，言唇氣青黑，亦主弧貧。《五總龜》云：貧窮似鼠常青黑，破盡田園不住家。《大統賦》云：青黑禍發，齒露者，凡語笑露齒牙，孤克。《廣鑑集》云：相中大忌露齒也。

"Lip curling outward" refers to the lips flipping outward, and it indicates loneliness and punishment. The "Supreme Clarity Divine Mirror" states: those with protruding eyes and curled lips will suffer from theft and robbery if they are men, and from difficult childbirth if they are women; if such people become monks or nuns, they can avoid eight kinds of suffering. The term "greenish color" refers to a bluish-black hue on the lips, which also indicates loneliness and poverty. The "Five General Tortoises" say: the poor often have lips that appear bluish-black like a mouse, and their family land is completely ruined, making them unable to stay. The "Great Uniform Treatise" states: a bluish-black color on the lips foretells misfortune. "Exposing teeth" refers to showing teeth when speaking or laughing, which indicates loneliness and punishment. The "Broad Mirror Collection" says: exposing teeth is the most disliked in face reading.

偏斜者，口不正也，亦主孤貧。《萬金相》云：海朝文、陽十七禍至，陰二八大病。海朝武，陽二八災病，陰十七禍生，文左武右也。又曰，水星不正，骨肉相煎。水星，口也。骨肉，六親也。然主平生之象，五十六歲入運，至六十四歲不利骨肉。

the so-called "bias" means that the mouth is not properly formed, and it indicates loneliness and poverty. The "Wan Jin Xiang Fa" says: if the corners of the mouth face the "Wen" side (left side), then men will have misfortunes at seventeen, and women will have serious illness at sixteen; if the corners of the mouth face the "Wu" side (right side), then men will have illness or misfortune at sixteen, and women will have troubles at seventeen — this is the meaning of "Wen on the left, Wu on the right." It also says: if the "Shui Xing" (mouth) is not properly formed, then the relations among family members will be mutually oppressive. "Shui Xing" refers to the mouth, and "gu ru" refers to the Six Relations. This is a lifetime's aspect, and from the age of fifty-six, the mouth's influence begins, lasting until sixty-four, during which period it is unfavorable for the Six Relations.

闊而不正，虛詐不堪言：橫曰不收，而偏斜不正者，主為人多奸猾，虛謬不實。《大統賦》曰：大言無信者略綽，賂綽者，即橫闊不收也。《五總龜》曰：若傷歸於左胖，是非奸詐愛便宜，口唇左邊也。偏薄是非謗訕：偏薄者，口唇薄橫偏也，主好說談，是非謗訕者，不知己口快舌長。專提人語失，取笑渾語，毀善譏調，不顧忌諱，似此之人，雖居富貴，亦不脫小人也。《五總龜》曰：水星偏陷兩頭垂，尖薄無稜作乞兒。無稜者，薄也。

A mouth that is wide but not properly shaped indicates a person who is deceitful and insincere, to an extent that is hard to describe. If the mouth is spread wide with the corners not tucked in, and it is crooked and not straight, the person tends to be cunning and speaks falsely. The "Da Tong Fu" says: those who make big claims but do not keep their word have a mouth shape called "lue chuo." "Lue chuo" refers to a mouth that is wide and not closed. The "Wu Zong Gu" says: if the mouth shape is damaged on the left side, the person is likely to be involved in many disputes, deceitful, and fond of taking advantage of others (referring to the left lip). A mouth that is slanted and thin tends to bring about many disputes and a tendency to slander and mock others. "Pian bo" means thin lips that are slanted; such people enjoy spreading gossip, picking faults in others' words, and using them for laughter and mockery, damaging good people and making fun of others without any restraint. They do not realize their own quick tongues. Even if such a person is wealthy and prosperous, they cannot escape the nature of a petty person. The "Wu Zong Gu" also says: if the water star (mouth) is slanted, low, and the corners of the mouth droop downward, with a thin and flat lip tip lacking a distinct edge, it is the appearance of a beggar. "Wu ling" means a thin lip.

如朱抹，名譽相傳：如朱抹者，口唇紅鮮，似塗抹硃砂之紅色也，主文章才俊，其姓名傳揚四方。陳圖南曰：唇如潑砂，富貴如華，紅色也。許負曰：口如含丹，不受飢寒。郭林宗曰：唇紅齒白食天祿，多藝多財又多富。《貧女》曰：貴人唇紅似潑砂，更加四字足榮華。然主平生之貴，五十六歲入運，大發財祿。

Her lips are red like they have been painted with cinnabar, and her reputation spreads far and wide. The phrase "like painted with cinnabar" refers to lips that are vividly red, as if coated with cinnabar; such a person is said to possess literary talent and fame that reaches all corners. Chen Tuan said: if one's lips are as red as spilled cinnabar, then wealth and honor will flourish like blooming flowers. Xu Fu said: if one's mouth is red and lustrous as if containing cinnabar, they will not suffer from hunger or cold. Guo Tai said: those with red lips and white teeth are blessed with heavenly fortune, possessing many skills, abundant wealth, and prosperity. The "Poor Woman Physiognomy" says: a nobleman's lips are red like spilled cinnabar; if the mouth shape is square and resembles the character "four," then honor and prosperity will be complete. This is a sign of great fortune for a lifetime, and at fifty-six years old, one will enter a period of great wealth and blessings.

唇裡紫，食肉千里，衣祿自天然：唇鮮紫紅色者，主富貴。可食千里之爵祿，乃為天生自然之福，平生之貴，五十六入限快。覆載多紋理，掩人過惡，得子孫須賢：覆載，唇之名也。《萬金相》云：上層名金覆，下層名金載，若唇上下有紋理多者，主為人寬和，見善多為，遇惡勸歸於善，而喜避其惡，又招貴子賢孫。《大統賦》云：上下紋交子孫眾，周匝稜利仁信全。

If one's lips appear purplish red inside, they will receive a fiefdom of a thousand li and enjoy a salary, with clothing and sustenance naturally bestowed. A fresh, purplish red and moist lip color indicates wealth and honor, capable of receiving the rank and salary of a territory a thousand li in size, which is a natural blessing from heaven. This person will have a lifetime of noble fortune, and at fifty-six years old, their fortune related to the mouth will become smooth and pleasant. Those with many lines on their upper and lower lips can conceal others' faults and are destined to have virtuous descendants. "Fuzai" refers to the lips. According to the "Wan Jin Xiang Fa," the upper lip is called "Jin Fu" and the lower lip is called "Jin Zai." If there are many lines on both upper and lower lips, the person is broad-minded and peaceful, tends to do good deeds when encountering them, advises wicked people to become virtuous, and delights in avoiding evil deeds, thus attracting noble and virtuous descendants. The "Datu Fen" states: those with intersecting lines on upper and lower lips will have many descendants, and those with distinct edges around the lips will possess both benevolence and trustworthiness.

食時多哽咽，必主□：哽咽者，吃飯食吞噎，向喉咽之中，作沃沃之聲是也。□者，平生蹇滯不通。張紫菱曰：食為性之本，所以欲詳而不暴，啜不欲聲，吞不欲鳴也。《五總龜》曰：鳥啄豬食最賤客，相他衣食必無終，咽粗急者人多燥，鼠食從來飲食空。又曰：相食看詳緩，窮忙豈合宜，更嫌將鳥啄，更總合淋漓，性暴吞須急，心寬食必遲，問君榮貴處，牛哺福相隨。

Those who often choke and make a loud sound while eating are destined to have a life full of obstacles. The term "geng ye" refers to the sound made when swallowing food, which is blocked in the throat, producing a "wo wo" noise. This indicates a life of continuous hindrances. Zhang Zilin said: food and drink are the foundation of life, so one should eat calmly and carefully, not roughly. When drinking soup, one should not make noise, and when swallowing, one should not make a sound. The "Wu Zong Gu" says: eating like a bird pecking or a pig scrambling for food is the most vulgar eating habit; those who exhibit such behavior will certainly not have a peaceful end. Those who swallow hastily and forcefully are usually impetuous in nature. Those who constantly nibble like mice will always have insufficient food and drink. It also says: to judge a person's character, observe their eating habits. Rushing and scrambling for food is inappropriate. Even pecking like a bird is undesirable, as is drinking soup with dripping. Those who are impetuous tend to swallow quickly, while those with a broad mind eat slowly. To ask which eating habit brings prosperity, those who chew slowly and thoroughly, like cows chewing cud, will naturally be accompanied by good fortune.

常向睡中不合，洩元氣，天促天年一：口者，宜言語以接萬物。博飲食以安五臟，造化之權，禍福之柄。唇為口之城廓，舌之門戶，一開一合，榮辱所繫也。所以夜睡開口者，洩其元氣，元氣既洩，壽不永也。

When one sleeps with the mouth open and unable to close it, it causes the leakage of vital energy, thus shortening one's lifespan. The mouth is used for speaking to respond to all things and for eating to nourish the five internal organs. It holds the power of creation and the key to fortune and misfortune. The lips are the walls of the mouth and the gate of the tongue; opening and closing them relates to one's lifetime of honor and disgrace. Therefore, those who sleep with their mouths open allow vital energy to escape through the mouth. Once vital energy is lost, lifespan becomes shortened.

親曾見低垂兩角，常被世人嫌：兩角下垂者，無衣食也，最招人憎嫌。《五總龜》曰：口者，心之外表，賞罰之所出，榮辱之所關。欲端而厚，言不亂發，謂之口德。若多言而亂發者，謂之口佞。若方廣有稜者，主壽。形如弓稍向上者，主貴。若尖而薄反者，主賤。若黑子生於上唇者，平生酒肉來自然。生於口角者，災滯。生於壽帶人口，主飢餓而死。女人唇生黑子者，主淫，無媒而自嫁也。

Those who have seen someone with their mouth corners drooping downward are often disliked by people. If both corners of the mouth droop, it indicates a lack of clothing and food, and is most detestable. The "Wuzong Gu" says: the mouth is the external manifestation of the heart, from which rewards and punishments originate, and from which honor and disgrace are connected. The mouth should be properly shaped and solid, and speech should not be disorderly, which is called "koude" (good mouth virtue); if one speaks a lot and recklessly, it is called "kouning" (evil mouth). A mouth that is square and broad with sharp corners indicates longevity; a mouth shaped like a bow with the two corners slightly upward indicates nobility; a thin and sharp mouth with the lips turned outward indicates low status. As for moles: a black mole on the upper lip indicates that one will naturally have plenty of food and drink throughout life; a mole on the corner of the mouth indicates misfortune and stagnation; a mole on the "shoudai" (life belt) area of the philtrum that enters the mouth indicates starvation and death. Women with a black mole on their lips indicate promiscuity and will marry without waiting for a matchmaker.

論曰：運限者，口管十五年，為末主，五十六至六十四。口有三聚，黑子生在唇上者，主一生得酒食，唇內亦然。口角生者，末主水災。紋理者壽帶人口直，飢餓不食而死。氣色紅潤者，則貴。黑者賤。青者毒，白者亦然。黃者病。惟□口黃明者，最吉。

In general, the mouth governs a period of fifteen years, belonging to the later stage, from the age of fifty-six to sixty-four (and including a few years after). The mouth has three types of formations: monkey mouth, sheep mouth, and crane mouth. Regarding the verification of moles: a black mole on the lip indicates that one will never lack wine and food; a mole inside the lip is the same; a mole on the corner of the mouth indicates water disaster in old age. In terms of patterns: if the 'longevity band' in the philtrum runs straight into the mouth, it indicates death from starvation. In terms of complexion: a red mouth color indicates wealth, a black mouth color indicates poverty, a blue mouth color indicates poisoning, a white mouth color indicates the same, and a yellow mouth color indicates illness; only a yellow and bright color around the mouth is the most auspicious.