Duke Xuan

（經七四）大旱。

(Classic 7-4) A great drought.

（經七五）冬，公會晉侯、宋公、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯於黑壤。

(Classic 7-5) In winter, Duke Xuan met with the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng and the Earl of Cao at Heirang.

春，公至自會。

In spring, Duke Xuan returned from the meeting.

（經八二）夏，六月，公子遂如齊，至黃乃復。

(Classic 8-2) In summer, in the sixth month, Prince Sui went to Qi, and on reaching Huang he turned back.

（傳）其言至黃乃復何？有疾也。何言乎有疾乃復？譏。何譏爾？大夫以君命出，聞喪徐行而不反。

(Commentary) What does writing "reached Huang and then turned back" mean? He was ill. Why does it say he turned back because of illness? As a criticism. What was criticized? A senior officer who goes out on the ruler's order, on hearing of a mourning, should proceed slowly, but he should not turn back.

（經八三）辛巳，有事於太廟。

(Classic 8-3) On the day xinsi, there was a sacrifice at the Great Temple.

（經八四）仲遂卒於垂。

(Classic 8-4) Zhong Sui died at Chui.

（傳）仲遂者何？公子遂也。何以不稱公子？貶。曷為貶？為弒子赤貶。然則曷為不於其弒焉貶？於文則無罪，於子則無年。

(Commentary) Who was Zhong Sui? He was Prince Sui. Why is he not called prince? It is a demotion. Why demote him? He was demoted for killing Zichi. Then why was he not demoted at the place where he killed? Under Duke Wen he was not yet guilty, and under Zichi no year was recorded.

（經八五）壬午，猶繹。

(Classic 8-5) On the day renwu, the Yi sacrifice was still held.

（經八六）萬入去龠。

(Classic 8-6) The Wan dance came in, and the reed pipes were removed.

（傳）繹者何？祭之明日也。萬者何？幹舞也。龠者何？龠舞也。其言萬入去龠何？去其有聲者，廢其無聲者，存其心焉爾。存其心焉爾者何？知其不可而為之也。猶者何？通可以已也。

(Commentary) What is Yi? It is the day after the main sacrifice. What is Wan? It is the shield dance. What is Yue? It is the reed-pipe dance. What does writing "the Wan came in and the Yue was removed" mean? The one with sound was removed and the one without sound was abolished, leaving only the intention in place. What does it mean to leave the intention in place? One knows it should not be done but still does it. What does "still" mean? Originally all of it could have been stopped.

（經八七）戊子，夫人熊氏薨。

(Classic 8-7) On the day wuzi, the lady Xiong, Duke Xuan's wife, died.

（經八八）晉師、白狄伐秦。

(Classic 8-8) The Jin army and the White Di attacked Qin.

（經八九）楚人滅舒蓼。

(Classic 8-9) The men of Chu destroyed Shuliao.

（經八十）秋，七月甲子，日有食之，既。

(Classic 8-10) In autumn, in the seventh month, on the day jiazi, there was a solar eclipse, total.

（經八十一）冬，十月己丑，葬我小君頃熊。雨不克葬。庚寅，日中而克葬。

(Classic 8-11) In winter, in the tenth month, on the day jichou, our Lu consort Qingxiong was buried. It rained and the burial could not be done. On the day gengyin, the burial was possible only at midday.

（傳）頃熊者何？宣公之母也。而者何？難也。乃者何？難也。曷為或言而？或言乃？乃難乎而也。

(Commentary) Who was Qingxiong? She was Duke Xuan's mother. What does "er" mean? It means difficulty. What does "nai" mean? It also means difficulty. Why is it sometimes "er" and sometimes "nai"? "Nai" is more difficult than "er."

（經八十二）城平陽。（經八十三）楚師伐陳。

(Classic 8-12) Pingyang was fortified. (Classic 8-13) The Chu army attacked Chen.

春，王正月，公如齊。公至自齊。

In spring, the first month of the Zhou calendar, Duke Xuan went to Qi. Duke Xuan returned from Qi.

（經九二）夏，仲孫蔑如京師。

(Classic 9-2) In summer, Zhongsun Mie went to the capital.

（經九三）齊侯伐萊。

(Classic 9-3) The Marquis of Qi attacked Lai.

（經九四）秋，取根牟。

(Classic 9-4) In autumn, Genmou was taken.

（傳）根牟者何？邾婁之邑也。曷為不繫乎邾婁？諱亟也。

(Commentary) What is Genmou? It was a city of Zhulou. Why is it not attached beneath Zhulou? To conceal the haste of the seizing.

（經九五）八月，滕子卒。

(Classic 9-5) In the eighth month, the Viscount of Teng died.

（經九六）九月，晉侯、宋公、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯會於扈。

(Classic 9-6) In the ninth month, the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng and the Earl of Cao met at Hu.

（經九七）晉荀林父帥師伐陳。

(Classic 9-7) Xun Linfu of Jin led an army and attacked Chen.

（經九八）辛酉，晉侯黑臀卒於扈。

(Classic 9-8) On the day xinyou, Heitun, Marquis of Jin, died at Hu.

（傳）扈者何？晉之邑也。諸侯卒其封內不地，此何以地？卒於會，故地也；未出其地，故不言會也。

(Commentary) What is Hu? It was a city of Jin. When a feudal lord dies within his own borders, the place is normally not recorded, so why is the place recorded here? He died during a covenant meeting, so the place is recorded; they had not yet left that place, so it does not write "met."

（經九九）冬，十月癸酉，衛侯鄭卒。

(Classic 9-9) In winter, in the tenth month, on the day guiyou, Zheng, Marquis of Wei, died.

（經九十）宋人圍滕。

(Classic 9-10) The men of Song besieged Teng.

（經九十一）楚子伐鄭，晉郄缺帥師救鄭。

(Classic 9-11) The Viscount of Chu attacked Zheng, and Xi Que of Jin led an army to rescue Zheng.

（經九十二）陳殺其大夫洩冶。

(Classic 9-12) Chen killed its senior officer Xie Ye.

春，公如齊。公至自齊。

In spring, Duke Xuan went to Qi. Duke Xuan returned from Qi.

（經十二）齊人歸我濟西田。

(Classic 10-2) The men of Qi returned to our state of Lu the fields west of the Ji River.

（傳）齊已取之矣，其言我何？言我者未絕於我也。曷為未絕於我？齊已言取之矣，其實未之齊也。

(Commentary) Qi had already taken them, so why does it still write "our"? It writes "our" because they had not yet been cut off from Lu. Why had they not yet been cut off? Qi had already said it had taken them, but in fact they had not yet reached Qi's hands.

（經十三）夏，四月丙辰，日有食之。

(Classic 10-3) In summer, in the fourth month, on the day bingchen, there was a solar eclipse.

（經十四）己巳，齊侯元卒。

(Classic 10-4) On the day jisi, Yuan, Marquis of Qi, died.

（經十五）齊崔氏出奔衛。

(Classic 10-5) The Cui clan of Qi fled to Wei.

（傳）崔氏者何？齊大夫也。其稱崔氏何？貶。曷為貶？譏世卿，世卿非禮也。

(Commentary) Who were the Cui clan? Senior officers of Qi. Why are they called "the Cui clan"? It is a demotion. Why demote them? To criticize hereditary ministers; hereditary ministers are not in accord with ritual.

（經十六）公如齊。五月，公至自齊。

(Classic 10-6) Duke Xuan went to Qi. In the fifth month, Duke Xuan returned from Qi.

（經十七）癸巳，陳夏徵舒弒其君平國。

(Classic 10-7) On the day guisi, Xia Zhengshu of Chen killed his ruler Pingguo.

（經十八）六月，宋師伐滕。

(Classic 10-8) In the sixth month, the Song army attacked Teng.

（經十九）公孫歸父如齊，葬齊惠公。

(Classic 10-9) Gongsun Guifu went to Qi and buried Duke Hui of Qi.

（經十十）晉人、宋人、衛人、曹人伐鄭。

(Classic 10-10) The men of Jin, the men of Song, the men of Wei and the men of Cao attacked Zheng.

（經十十一）秋，天王使王季子來聘。

(Classic 10-11) In autumn, the Son of Heaven sent Wang Jizi on a diplomatic visit.

（傳）王季子者何？天子之大夫也。其稱王季子何？貴也。其貴奈何？母弟也。

(Commentary) Who was Wang Jizi? A senior officer of the Son of Heaven. Why is he called "Wang Jizi"? Because his rank was honored. How was it honored? He was the Son of Heaven's full younger brother.

（經十十二）公孫歸父帥師伐邾婁，取蘱。

(Classic 10-12) Gongsun Guifu led an army and attacked Zhulou, and took Yi.

（經十十三）大水。

(Classic 10-13) There was a great flood.

（經十十四）季孫行父如齊。

(Classic 10-14) Jisun Xingfu went to Qi.

（經十十五）冬，公孫歸父如齊。

(Classic 10-15) In winter, Gongsun Guifu went to Qi.

（經十十六）齊侯使國佐來聘。

(Classic 10-16) The Marquis of Qi sent Guo Zuo on a diplomatic visit.

（經十十七）飢。

(Classic 10-17) Famine.

（傳）何以書？以重書也。

(Commentary) Why was it recorded? It was recorded because the disaster was severe.

（經十十八）楚子伐鄭。

(Classic 10-18) The Viscount of Chu attacked Zheng.

春，王正月。

In spring, the first month of the Zhou calendar.

（經十一二）夏，楚子、陳侯、鄭伯盟於辰陵。

(Classic 11-2) In summer, the Viscount of Chu, the Marquis of Chen and the Earl of Zheng made a covenant at Chenling.