Duke Xuan

（經二三四）葬杞孝公。

(Classic 23.4) Duke Xiao of Qi was buried.

（經二三五）陳殺其大夫慶虎及慶寅。

(Classic 23.5) Chen killed its grandees Qing Hu and Qing Yin.

（經二三六）陳侯之弟光自楚歸於陳。

(Classic 23.6) Guang, younger brother of the Marquis of Chen, returned from Chu to Chen.

（經二三七）晉欒盈復入於晉、入於曲沃。

(Classic 23.7) Luan Ying of Jin entered Jin again, and entered Quwo.

（傳）曲沃者何？晉之邑也。其言入於晉、入於曲沃何？欒盈將入晉，晉人不納，由乎曲沃而入也。

(Commentary) What is Quwo? It is a city of Jin. What does it mean to write "entered Jin, entered Quwo"? Luan Ying was about to enter Jin, but the men of Jin would not receive him, and so he entered from Quwo.

（經二三八）秋，齊侯伐衛，遂伐晉。八月，叔孫豹帥師救晉，次於雍渝。

(Classic 23.8) In autumn, the Marquis of Qi attacked Wei, and then attacked Jin. In the eighth month, Shusun Bao led an army to relieve Jin, and camped at Yongyu.

（傳）曷為先言救而後言次？先通君命也。

(Commentary) Why is "relieve" written first and then "camped"? To convey the ruler's command first.

（經二三九）己卯，仲孫遬卒。

(Classic 23.9) On the day Jimao, Zhongsun Su died.

（經二三十）冬，十月乙亥，臧孫紇出奔邾婁。

(Classic 23.10) In winter, the tenth month, on the day Yihai, Zang Sunhe fled to Zhulou.

（經二三十一）晉人殺欒盈。

(Classic 23.11) The men of Jin killed Luan Ying.

（傳）曷為不言殺其大夫？非其大夫也。

(Commentary) Why is it not written that they killed their grandee? Because he was no longer a grandee.

（經二三十二）齊侯襲莒。

(Classic 23.12) The Marquis of Qi made a surprise attack on Ju.

春，叔孫豹如晉。仲孫羯帥師侵齊。夏，楚子伐吳。

In spring, Shusun Bao went to Jin. Zhongsun Jie led an army and invaded Qi. In summer, the Viscount of Chu attacked Wu.

（經二四二）秋，七月甲子朔，日有食之，既。

(Classic 24.2) In autumn, the seventh month, on the new moon of the day Jiazi, there was a solar eclipse, total.

（經二四三）齊崔杼帥師伐莒。

(Classic 24.3) Cui Zhu of Qi led an army and attacked Ju.

（經二四四）大水。

(Classic 24.4) There was a great flood.

（經二四五）八月癸巳朔，日有食之。

(Classic 24.5) In the eighth month, on the new moon of the day Guisi, there was a solar eclipse.

（經二四六）公會晉侯、宋公、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯、莒子、邾婁子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾婁子於陳儀。

(Classic 24.6) Duke Xiang joined the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng, the Earl of Cao, the Viscount of Ju, the Viscount of Zhulou, the Viscount of Teng, the Earl of Xue, the Earl of Qi, and the Viscount of Little Zhulou at Chenyi.

（經二四七）冬，楚子、蔡侯、陳侯、許男伐鄭。公至自會。

(Classic 24.7) In winter, the Viscount of Chu, the Marquis of Cai, the Marquis of Chen, and the Baron of Xu attacked Zheng. Duke Xiang returned from the covenant.

（經二四八）陳咸宜咎出奔楚。

(Classic 24.8) Xian Yijiu of Chen fled to Chu.

（經二四九）叔孫豹如京師。

(Classic 24.9) Shusun Bao went to the royal capital.

（經二四十）大飢。

(Classic 24.10) There was a great famine.

春，齊崔杼帥師伐我北鄙。

In spring, Cui Zhu of Qi led an army and attacked the northern border of our state of Lu.

（經二五二）夏，五月乙亥，齊崔杼弒其君光。

(Classic 25.2) In summer, the fifth month, on the day Yihai, Cui Zhu of Qi killed his ruler Guang.

（經二五三）公會晉侯、宋公、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯、莒子、邾婁子、滕子、薛伯、杞伯、小邾婁子於陳儀。

(Classic 25.3) Duke Xiang joined the Marquis of Jin, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng, the Earl of Cao, the Viscount of Ju, the Viscount of Zhulou, the Viscount of Teng, the Earl of Xue, the Earl of Qi, and the Viscount of Little Zhulou at Chenyi.

（經二五四）六月壬子，鄭公孫舍之帥師入陳。

(Classic 25.4) In the sixth month, on the day Renzi, Gongsun Sheshi of Zheng led an army and entered Chen.

（經二五五）秋，八月己巳，諸侯同盟於重丘，公至自會。

(Classic 25.5) In autumn, the eighth month, on the day Jisi, the lords made a covenant together at Zhongqiu, and Duke Xiang returned from the covenant.

（經二五六）衛侯入於陳儀。

(Classic 25.6) The Marquis of Wei entered Chenyi.

（傳）陳儀者何？衛之邑也。曷為不言入於衛？諼君以弒也。

(Commentary) What is Chenyi? It is a city of Wei. Why is it not written that he entered Wei? Because he used deceit to kill the ruler.

（經二五七）楚屈建帥師滅舒鳩。

(Classic 25.7) Qu Jian of Chu led an army and destroyed Shujiu.

（經二五八）冬，鄭公孫囆帥師伐陳。

(Classic 25.8) In winter, Gongsun Chai of Zheng led an army and attacked Chen.

（經二五九）十有二月，吳子謁伐楚，門於巢卒。

(Classic 25.9) In the twelfth month, Ye, Viscount of Wu, attacked Chu, and died at the gate of Chao.

（傳）門於巢卒者何？入門乎巢而卒也。入門乎巢而卒者何？入巢之門而卒也。吳子謁，何以名？傷而反，未至乎舍而卒也。

(Commentary) What does "died at the gate of Chao" mean? It means he entered the gate of Chao and died. What does entering the gate of Chao and dying mean? It means he entered the city gate of Chao and died. Why is Ye, Viscount of Wu, called by name? He was wounded and returned, and died before reaching his lodging.

春，王二月辛卯，衛寧喜弒其君剽。衛孫林父入於戚以叛。甲午，衛侯衎復歸於衛。

In spring, the second month of the Zhou calendar, on the day Xinmao, Ning Xi of Wei killed his ruler Piao. Sun Linfu of Wei entered Qi and rebelled. On the day Jiawu, Kan, Marquis of Wei, returned to Wei again.

（傳）此諼君以弒也，其言復歸何？惡剽也。曷為惡剽？剽之立於是未有說也。然則曷為不言剽之立？不言剽之立者，以惡衛侯也。

(Commentary) This was killing a ruler by deceit; why is it written "returned again"? It is because Piao was hated. Why was Piao hated? When Piao was installed, there had not been an explanation until then. Then why is Piao's installation not recorded? Not recording Piao's installation is in order to hate the Marquis of Wei.

（經二六二）夏，晉侯使荀吳來聘。

(Classic 26.2) In summer, the Marquis of Jin sent Xun Wu on a friendly visit.

（經二六三）公會晉人、鄭良霄、宋人、曹人於澶淵。

(Classic 26.3) Duke Xiang joined the men of Jin, Liang Xiao of Zheng, the men of Song, and the men of Cao at Chanyuan.

（經二六四）秋，宋公弒其世子痤。

(Classic 26.4) In autumn, the Duke of Song killed his heir Cuo.

（經二六五）晉人執衛寧喜。

(Classic 26.5) The men of Jin seized Ning Xi of Wei.

（傳）此執有罪，何以不得為伯討？不以其罪執之也。

(Commentary) This was seizing a guilty man; why can it not count as the hegemon's punitive action? Because he was not seized according to his crime.

（經二六六）八月壬午，許男寧卒於楚。

(Classic 26.6) In the eighth month, on the day Renwu, Ning, Baron of Xu, died in Chu.

（經二六七）冬，楚子、蔡侯、陳侯伐鄭。

(Classic 26.7) In winter, the Viscount of Chu, the Marquis of Cai, and the Marquis of Chen attacked Zheng.

（經二六八）葬許靈公。

(Classic 26.8) Duke Ling of Xu was buried.

春，齊侯使慶封來聘。

In spring, the Marquis of Qi sent Qing Feng on a friendly visit.

（經二七二）夏，叔孫豹會晉趙武、楚屈建、蔡公孫歸生、衛石惡、陳孔瑗、鄭良霄、許人、曹人於宋。

(Classic 27.2) In summer, Shusun Bao joined Zhao Wu of Jin, Qu Jian of Chu, Gongsun Guisheng of Cai, Shi E of Wei, Kong Yuan of Chen, Liang Xiao of Zheng, the men of Xu, and the men of Cao at Song.

（經二七三）衛殺其大夫寧喜，衛侯之弟鱄出奔晉。

(Classic 27.3) Wei killed its grandee Ning Xi, and Zhuan, younger brother of the Marquis of Wei, fled to Jin.

（傳）衛殺其大夫寧喜，則衛侯之弟鱄曷為出奔晉？為殺寧喜出奔也。曷為為殺寧喜出奔？衛寧殖與孫林父逐衛侯而立公孫剽，寧殖病將死，謂喜曰：「黜公者，非吾意也，孫氏為之。我即死，女能固納公乎？」喜曰：「諾。」寧殖死，喜立為大夫，使人謂獻公曰：「黜公者，非寧氏也，孫氏為之。吾欲納公，何如？」獻公曰：「子茍欲納我，吾請與子盟。」喜曰：「無所用盟，請使公子鱄約之。」獻公謂公子鱄曰：「寧氏將納我，吾欲與之盟。其言曰：『無所用盟，請使公子鱄約之。』子固為我與之約矣。」公子鱄辭曰：「夫負羈縶，執鈇鑕，從君東西南北，則是臣僕庶孽之事也。若夫約言為信，則非臣僕庶孽之所敢與也。」獻公怒曰：「黜我者，非寧氏與孫氏，凡在爾。」公子鱄不得已而與之約。已約，歸至，殺寧喜。公子鱄挈其妻子而去之，將濟於河，攜其妻子而與之盟，曰：「茍有履衛地、食衛粟者，昧雉彼視。」

(Commentary) Wei killed its grandee Ning Xi; why did Zhuan, younger brother of the Marquis of Wei, flee to Jin? He fled because of the killing of Ning Xi. Why did he flee because of the killing of Ning Xi? Ning Zhi and Sun Linfu of Wei had driven out the Marquis of Wei and set up Gongsun Piao. When Ning Zhi was gravely ill and about to die, he said to Xi: "Deposing the ruler was not my intention; it was Sun's doing. If I die, can you insist on bringing the ruler back?" Xi said: "Good." Ning Zhi died, and Xi was made a grandee. He sent someone to say to Duke Xian: "Deposing the ruler was not done by the Ning clan; it was Sun's doing. I wish to bring you back; how would that be?" Duke Xian said: "If you truly want to bring me back, I ask to make a covenant with you." Xi said: "There is no need for a covenant; please send Prince Zhuan to make the agreement." Duke Xian said to Prince Zhuan: "The Ning clan is about to bring me back, and I wish to make a covenant with him. He said: 'No need for a covenant; please send Prince Zhuan to make the agreement.' You must make the agreement with him on my behalf." Prince Zhuan declined, saying: "To carry the bridle and hold the axe and block, following the ruler east, west, south, and north, is the business of a servant of lowly birth. As for making oaths as pledges of good faith, that is not something a servant of lowly birth would dare to take part in." Duke Xian was angry and said: "It was not the Ning clan and the Sun clan who deposed me; it was entirely you." Prince Zhuan had no choice but to make the agreement with him. After the agreement was made, Duke Xian returned and killed Ning Xi. Prince Zhuan left with his wife and children, and as he was about to cross the river, he pulled his wife and children to him and swore an oath, saying: "If any of you sets foot on the land of Wei or eats the millet of Wei, let him be looked upon like this pheasant."

（經二七四）秋，七月辛巳，豹及諸侯之大夫盟於宋。

(Classic 27.4) In autumn, the seventh month, on the day Xinsi, Bao and the grandees of the lords made a covenant at Song.

（傳）曷為再言豹？殆諸侯也。曷為殆諸侯？為衛石惡在是也，曰惡人之徒在是矣。

(Commentary) Why is "Bao" written again? It is to show danger to the lords. Why danger to the lords? Because Shi E of Wei was present here, meaning the followers of an evil man were present.

（經二七五）冬，十有二月乙亥朔，日有食之。

(Classic 27.5) In winter, the twelfth month, on the new moon of the day Yihai, there was a solar eclipse.

春，無冰。

In spring, there was no ice.

（經二八二）夏，衛石惡出奔晉。

(Classic 28.2) In summer, Shi E of Wei fled to Jin.

（經二八三）邾婁子來朝。

(Classic 28.3) The Viscount of Zhulou came to pay court.

（經二八四）秋，八月，大雩。

(Classic 28.4) In autumn, the eighth month, the great rain sacrifice was held.

（經二八五）仲孫羯如晉。

(Classic 28.5) Zhongsun Jie went to Jin.