Duke Wen
（經十五三）夏，曹伯來朝。
(Classic 15-3) In summer, the Earl of Cao came to court.
（經十五四）齊人歸公孫敖之喪。
(Classic 15-4) The men of Qi returned the coffin of Gongsun Ao.
（傳）何以不言來？內辭也。脅我而歸之，筍將而來也。
(Commentary) Why does it not write "came"? It is a wording of Lu's own. We were compelled before it was returned, and it was carried in on a bamboo litter.
（經十五五）六月辛丑朔，日有食之，鼓用牲於社。
(Classic 15-5) In the sixth month, on the new moon of the day xinchou, there was a solar eclipse; drums were beaten and a sacrificial animal offered at the altar of the soil.
（經十五六）單伯至自齊。
(Classic 15-6) Shan Bo returned from Qi.
（經十五七）晉郄缺帥師伐蔡；戊申，入蔡。
(Classic 15-7) Xi Que of Jin led an army and attacked Cai; on the day wushen, he entered Cai.
（傳）入不言伐，此其言伐何？至之日也。其日何？至之日也。
(Commentary) Entering normally does not write "attacked," yet here it writes "attacked"; why? He entered on the very day he arrived. Why is the day recorded? It was the day of arrival.
（經十五八）秋，齊人侵我西鄙。
(Classic 15-8) In autumn, the men of Qi invaded the western border of our state of Lu.
（經十五九）季孫行父如晉。
(Classic 15-9) Jisun Xingfu went to Jin.
（經十五十）冬，十有一月，諸侯盟於扈。
(Classic 15-10) In winter, in the eleventh month, the feudal lords made a covenant at Hu.
（經十五十一）十有二月，齊人來歸子叔姬。
(Classic 15-11) In the twelfth month, the men of Qi came to return Zishu Ji.
（傳）其言來何？閔之也。此有罪，何閔爾？父母之於子，雖有罪，猶若其不欲服罪然。
(Commentary) Why does it write "came"? Out of pity for her. This person was guilty, so what is there to pity? Parents toward their children, even when they are guilty, still treat them as though they did not intend to submit to punishment.
（經十五十二）齊侯侵我西鄙，遂伐曹，入其郛。
(Classic 15-12) The Marquis of Qi invaded the western border of our state of Lu, and then attacked Cao and entered the outer wall of Cao.
（傳）郛者何？恢郭也。入郛書乎？曰：不書。入郛不書，此何以書？動我也。動我者何？內辭也。其實我動焉爾。
(Commentary) What is a fu? It is an enlarged outer wall. Is entering an outer wall recorded? The answer is no. Entering an outer wall is normally not recorded, so why is it recorded here? Because it alarmed us. What does "alarmed us" mean? It is a wording of Lu's own. In fact we were alarmed.
文公（經十六一）十有六年
春，季孫行父會齊侯於陽穀，齊侯弗及盟。
In spring, Jisun Xingfu met the Marquis of Qi at Yanggu, and the Marquis of Qi did not make a covenant with him.
（傳）其言弗及盟何？不見與盟也。
(Commentary) What does writing "did not reach a covenant" mean? The Marquis of Qi would not make a covenant with him.
（經十六二）夏，五月，公四不視朔。
(Classic 16-2) In summer, in the fifth month, Duke Wen did not perform the new moon audience four times.
（傳）公曷為四不視朔？公有疾也。何言乎公有疾不視朔？自是公無疾，不視朔也。然則曷為不言「公無疾不視朔」？有疾猶可言也，無疾不可言也。
(Commentary) Why did Duke Wen not perform the new moon audience four times? Because Duke Wen was ill. Why does it say that Duke Wen did not perform the audience because he was ill? From this point Duke Wen did not perform the audience even when he was not ill. Then why does it not write "the Duke, without illness, did not perform the audience"? Illness could still be mentioned, but not being ill was inconvenient to mention.
（經十六三）六月戊辰，公子遂及齊侯盟於犀丘。
(Classic 16-3) In the sixth month, on the day wuchen, Prince Sui made a covenant with the Marquis of Qi at Xiqiu.
（經十六四）秋，八月辛未，夫人姜氏薨。
(Classic 16-4) In autumn, in the eighth month, on the day xinwei, the lady Jiang, Duke Wen's wife, died.
（經十六五）毀泉臺。
(Classic 16-5) The Spring Terrace was demolished.
（傳）泉臺者何？郎臺也。郎臺則曷為謂之泉臺？未成為郎臺，既成為泉臺。毀泉臺，何以書？譏。何譏爾？築之譏，毀之譏。先祖為之，己毀之，不如勿居而已矣！
(Commentary) What is the Spring Terrace? It is the Lang Terrace. Since it is the Lang Terrace, why is it called the Spring Terrace? Before it was completed it was called the Lang Terrace, and after it was completed the Spring Terrace. Why was it recorded that the Spring Terrace was demolished? As a criticism. What was criticized? Building it was criticized, and demolishing it was also criticized. If a forebear built it and one demolishes it oneself, it would have been better simply not to live there!
（經十六六）楚人、秦人、巴人滅庸。
(Classic 16-6) The men of Chu, the men of Qin and the men of Ba destroyed Yong.
（經十六七）冬，十有一月，宋人弒其君處臼。
(Classic 16-7) In winter, in the eleventh month, the men of Song killed their ruler Chujiu.
（傳）弒君者曷為或稱名氏？或不稱名氏？大夫弒君稱名氏，賤者窮諸人；大夫相殺稱人，賤者窮諸盜。
(Commentary) In killing a ruler, why are some named by clan name and some not? When a senior officer kills a ruler, he is given his clan and name; the lowly person goes all the way down to being called "men." When senior officers kill one another, they are called "men"; the lowly go all the way down to being called "bandits."
文公（經十七一）十有七年
春，晉人、衛人、陳人、鄭人伐宋。
In spring, the men of Jin, the men of Wei, the men of Chen and the men of Zheng attacked Song.
（經十七二）夏，四月癸亥，葬我小君聖姜。
(Classic 17-2) In summer, in the fourth month, on the day guihai, our Lu consort Shengjiang was buried.
（傳）聖姜者何？文公之母也。
(Commentary) Who was Shengjiang? The mother of Duke Wen.
（經十七三）齊侯伐我西鄙。
(Classic 17-3) The Marquis of Qi attacked the western border of our state of Lu.
（經十七四）六月癸未，公及齊侯盟於谷。
(Classic 17-4) In the sixth month, on the day guiwei, Duke Wen made a covenant with the Marquis of Qi at Gu.
（經十七五）諸侯會於扈。
(Classic 17-5) The feudal lords met at Hu.
（經十七六）秋，公至自谷。
(Classic 17-6) In autumn, Duke Wen returned from Gu.
（經十七七）冬，公子遂如齊。
(Classic 17-7) In winter, Prince Sui went to Qi.
文公（經十八一）十有八年
春，王二月丁丑，公薨於臺下。
In spring, the second month of the Zhou calendar, on the day dingchou, Duke Wen died below the terrace.
（經十八二）秦伯罃卒。
(Classic 18-2) Ying, Earl of Qin, died.
（經十八三）夏，五月戊戌，齊人弒其君商人。
(Classic 18-3) In summer, in the fifth month, on the day wuxu, the men of Qi killed their ruler Shangren.
（經十八四）六月癸酉，葬我君文公。
(Classic 18-4) In the sixth month, on the day guiyou, our ruler Duke Wen of Lu was buried.
（經十八五）秋，公子遂、叔孫得臣如齊。
(Classic 18-5) In autumn, Prince Sui and Shusun Dechen went to Qi.
（經十八六）冬，十月，子卒。
(Classic 18-6) In winter, in the tenth month, the Zi died.
（傳）子卒者孰謂？謂子赤也。何以不日？隱之也。何隱爾？弒也。弒則何以不日？不忍言也。
(Commentary) Who is meant by "the Zi died"? It means Zichi. Why is the day not recorded? Out of hidden grief over the matter. What was the grief? He was killed. Since he was killed, why is the day not recorded? Because it was too painful to say.
（經十八七）夫人姜氏歸於齊。
(Classic 18-7) The lady Jiang, Duke Wen's wife, returned to Qi.
（經十八八）季孫行父如齊。
(Classic 18-8) Jisun Xingfu went to Qi.
（經十八九）莒弒其君庶其。
(Classic 18-9) Ju killed its ruler Shuqi.
（傳）稱國以弒何？稱國以弒者，眾弒君之辭。
(Commentary) Why is the killing written with the state's name? Writing the killing with the state's name is the wording for the multitude killing the ruler.