Twenty-three, why is there a distinction of north and south in the division of the elements?

此論南北二京十三省說（古書無此，乃先生心法也）。分十二宮，言之南方屬火，故相天庭，宣火旺，亦為有北方屬水，相地閣，宜水旺為妙。浙人屬金，故金宜清，方許身榮。閩人相唇口齒，閩地近海，乃唇口之間。太原乃陝西，西方也，為中國，屬土。

This passage discusses the geographical divination methods for the northern and southern capitals and the thirteen provinces. The old commentary states that this concept is not found in ancient physiognomy texts, but it is the personal method of Liu Zhuang. Using the twelve palaces to assign regions: the south belongs to fire, so when observing people from the south, one should look at their forehead's 'tianting' area, which should have strong fire energy. The north belongs to water, so when observing people from the north, one should look at their lower jaw's 'dige' area, which should have strong water energy. People from Zhejiang belong to metal, and metal energy should be clear and bright, so they are allowed to hold high positions and honor. People from Fujian should be observed by their lips, mouth, and teeth, because the coastal area of Fujian corresponds to the lips and mouth. The area around Taiyuan connects with Shaanxi and belongs to the west, located in the center of the world, and belongs to earth in the five phases.

河南相穩重，淮南相厚實，淮北相軒昂，江南相輕清，江水不嫌重濁，嶽州乃山嶽峻地，故獨看江面越尾相氣色，不以骨格為念，但各處相菲得局方妙，不合難許榮身。

People from Henan value a steady appearance, those from Huainan prefer a solid physique, those from northern Huai value an imposing bearing, and those from Jiangnan look for clear eyes and delicate bones. People along the riverbanks do not mind a heavy facial appearance. In Yuezhou, where the terrain is rugged and mountainous, people only pay attention to the color of the face and the eyes, and do not focus much on the bone structure. In general, people from different regions should match the local conditions; only those who match can achieve success and prominence. Those who do not match the local conditions are unlikely to achieve fame and status.

頭尖、面尖、豚尖，不良之相。六府俱削好殺之徒。犯此怎得富貴？

A sharp head, sharp face, and sharp buttocks, these three sharpnesses are bad signs. The Heavenly Granary, the two cheekbones, and the Earth Store, these six organs, if they are thin and lack flesh, indicate a person who is cruel and murderous. If one commits these faults, how can they attain wealth and honor?

凡鶴形起步，離地三尺，肩偏項長，頭先過步。今人鶴形不過步離地高者，為是項要同前。官到尚書，可學神仙龜息，乃安睡之說。凡睡氣從口出，亦不具財，亦不長壽。氣從鼻出則財福祿俱好。凡口鼻俱無氣息，從耳出，方為龜息，易睡易醒，乃大貴之相，神仙之體，世人鮮矣。今人亂言，二形俱少，得此者難。

The so-called "crane form" involves starting with the feet three feet off the ground, the shoulders slightly tilted, and a long neck. The head moves before the feet. Nowadays, the so-called crane form is merely lifting the feet high, but the key remains that the neck should be long as previously described. Those who possess this form may attain the position of Minister of State. As for "tortoise breathing," it refers to the breathing pattern during sleep: if breath exits through the mouth, one cannot accumulate wealth and will not live long; if breath exits through the nose, wealth, happiness, and official rank are good; if no breath is visible from the mouth or nose, but breath exits from the ears, that is called tortoise breathing. Such people sleep easily and wake easily, and are considered a great blessing, with a divine body. This is extremely rare. Nowadays, people talk nonsense about it. In reality, both the crane form and tortoise breathing are very rare, and achieving them is extremely difficult.

人非俱內表壯，不如表裡。宋太祖左目小右目大，故懼內。張尚書須於左，一生多畏夫人。聖上眼皮多黑子，故得賢能。國母此論眼皮黑子，須於左目雌雄，此三者多懼內也。

A person being afraid of their wife is not because they are not physically strong, but because there is an internal response corresponding to external signs. Emperor Taizu had a small left eye and a large right eye, so he feared his wife; a certain Minister Zhang had his beard growing more on the left side, and he feared his wife all his life. The Emperor has many black moles on his eyelids, so he married a virtuous and capable empress. In general, if someone has black moles on their eyelids, their beard grows more on the left side, or their eyes are of unequal size (one big and one small), they are likely to fear their wives.

當時漢國母呂太后陰毛長一尺八寸，根據黃如金色，卷於陰上，用手扯開過滕，故名為金錢綴陰，故主極品，亦主多淫。若直、若長、若黑，乃姦殺之婦，雖貴不長。陰毛宜黃，宜軟，亦成貴人。如草者賤，硬者賤，生早者夭，生遲者淫。三七片內生方妙。

During the Han dynasty, the empress dowager Lu太后 had pubic hair that was one foot eight inches long, with golden yellow roots, coiled on her private part. When pulled out, it could reach below the knee, hence called "money string pubic hair," indicating a person of supreme ministerial rank and great power, but also suggesting a tendency towards excessive indulgence. If the pubic hair is straight, long, and black, it indicates a woman who is cunning and dangerous, and even if she attains high status, her prosperity will not last. Pubic hair should be yellow and soft, which can also lead to becoming a nobleman. If the hair is disordered like dry grass, it signifies low status; if coarse and hard, also low status. If it grows too early, it indicates a short life; if too late, it suggests promiscuity. It is best if the pubic hair grows between the ages of fourteen and twenty-one.

郭林宗相法有三百六十外形，相理多端，一時難記。獸者多富，禽者多貴。龍形隱隱，虎形步闊頭藏，猴相睛圓，黃耳，鼻俱小，頭小性快不定，一時福生，財祿壽好。難言老後之。龜形性痴多自怯。眼正鼻露，合此形，項長肩圓身直，女得此亦貴。

The physiognomy methods of Guo Linzong from the Eastern Han dynasty listed 360 types of external appearances, making the study of physiognomy very complex and difficult to remember all at once. Generally, those resembling wild animals tend to be wealthy, while those resembling birds tend to be noble. The "dragon form" has a subtle and hidden aura; the "tiger form" has broad steps but a contracted head and neck; the "monkey form" has round eyes, yellow ears, small noses, a small head, and a quick but unstable temper, capable of gaining temporary fortune, with good fortune, wealth, and longevity, though it is hard to say about old age. The "turtle form" is characterized by a dull and timid nature, with straight eyes and slightly exposed nostrils. If this form is combined with a long neck, round shoulders, and straight body, women with such features are considered to be noble.

舌長唇齊，鼻大面長身闊為牛形，主一身安逸，有錢萬金。賦云：鳳形要眼秀，中形要睛圓。此乃一陰一陽之大貴格也。雀步蛇形，男女大忌，雞眼鼠目，必犯刑傷。為立常將蹄換一生多主辛勤。豬形目赤憂還網羅之，非鴨步，身偏厚寬口行，生於昂頭。

A person with a long tongue, even lips, a large nose, a long face, and a broad body is of the 'ox' form, indicating a life of ease and wealth. The text says: the 'phoenix' form should have clear and elegant eyes, while the opposite form should have bright, round eyes. The combination of these yin and yang characteristics forms a highly auspicious pattern. Walking like a sparrow jumping and moving like a snake winding is greatly disliked for both men and women; those with warts and a rat-like gaze will inevitably suffer from injuries. Standing with legs alternating like a horse changing hooves constantly indicates a life of much toil. Those with the 'pig' form and red eyes should worry about falling into a trap; this is different from the 'duck walk'—the duck walk is characterized by a thick body, wide mouth, and walking with the head held high. Note: this passage has some errors and omissions in the original text, making its meaning incomplete.

面上三停，髮際到山根為上停，為初限。準頭為中限，人中到地閣為下限，主未年。如上停短削，少年不利，中停低陷，一世不榮，下停若長，一生憂滯。大概上停中停俱長，下停宜短。身上三停頸腰腳是也，此三停俱要得配。故云：三停平等，一生衣祿無虧，五嶽朝歸今世錢財自旺。又名三才乃天地人也。

The "three stops" on the face: from the hairline to the brow is the upper stop, which governs early years (the initial period); from the brow to the nose tip is the middle stop, which governs middle age (the middle period); from the philtrum to the lower jaw is the lower stop, which governs old age (the final period). A short and sharp upper stop indicates hardship in youth, a low and sunken middle stop suggests a lack of success in life, and an overly long lower stop implies a lifetime of worry and obstruction. Generally, the upper and middle stops should be long, while the lower stop should be slightly short. The body also has three stops, which are the neck, waist, and legs, and these should also be in harmony with each other. Therefore, if the three stops are equal, one's life will not lack clothing and food; if the five mountains converge and gather, one's wealth and fortune will naturally flourish. The three stops are also called the "three elements" (three principles), referring to heaven, earth, and humanity.

須乃臀經之苗，丹田元神。水形人多有腎虛，土形人丹田不足，此二形人無鬚極多。凡水形人、土形人有鬚必有好子。濁者富，清者貴。若無鬚，乃腎水不足，元氣虛弱，豈能有子乎？木形人火旺，故此無鬚，逐須有子，天可以鬚言人子息，恐誤其大事。書云：木形相髮為嗣，水土看髮為後。

Whiskers are the manifestation of the energy from the kidney meridian (the original text says "臀经" which is likely a variant or error for "kidney meridian"). They are the outward expression of the origin god from the dantian. People with a water form often have kidney deficiency, and people with a earth form have insufficient dantian energy, so very few of them have whiskers. If a person with a water form or earth form does have whiskers, they are likely to have good sons. Thick whiskers indicate wealth, while clear whiskers indicate nobility. If someone has no whiskers at all, it indicates insufficient kidney water and weak original energy, how could they have sons? As for people with a wood form, they naturally have strong fire energy, so they often do not have whiskers either. However, they can still have sons even without whiskers. Therefore, one should not judge a person's ability to have children solely based on the presence of whiskers, as this could lead to serious mistakes. The physiognomy texts say: for people with a wood form, look at their hair to determine their ability to have descendants; for people with a water form or earth form, look at their whiskers and hair to determine their future generations.

凡肉隨財長，髮遂神清。髮乃血之餘，髮濁血亦枯，發秀血亦榮。凡髮落財遂生肉長亦髮落。木形落髮即死無疑。書云：肉長財豐自疏稀，血枯神濁亂如絲，若是木形鬚髮落，再加髮落壽元歸。

Muscular growth follows the prosperity of wealth, and hair becomes clear and handsome with the presence of spirit. Hair is the residual energy of blood; dull hair indicates depleted blood, while clear and handsome hair shows flourishing blood. When hair falls out, wealth arises and muscles grow—hair falling and muscle growing are connected. However, for people of the wood form, hair loss signifies certain death. The book of physiognomy says: those whose muscles grow and wealth increases naturally have their hair gradually thinning; those with depleted blood and turbid spirit have disheveled hair like tangled threads; if a person of the wood form loses hair and also has hair fall out, their life is at an end.

三陽三陰乃雙目下，又名臥蠶，又名男女宮，又名福德宮，乃是眼下三陽。面上三陽印、準、顴，乃一面之要處，故宜暢旺，不宜滯暗。

"The Three Yang" and "The Three Yin" refer to the areas below the eyes: the left eye is called "Three Yang," and the right eye is called "Three Yin," also known as "Wocan," "Nan_nv Gong," and "FuDe Gong," which refers to the Three Yang below the left eye. In addition, there is another set of Three Yang on the face, referring to the forehead, the nose tip, and the two cheekbones, all of which are vital areas of the face. The complexion in these areas should be smooth and vigorous, and should not be stagnant or dark.

凡額上紋一條為華蓋，二條為偃月，三條為伏犀，多者為不妙。凡紋欲從輔骨邊地起，橫深為妙。華蓋主孤獨，偃月主中貴，伏犀者大貴。如短如亂大不好，一生主辛苦、下賤、刑傷。

A single horizontal line on the forehead is called "Huogai纹" (Huogai mark), two lines are called "Yanyue纹" (Yanyue mark), and three lines are called "Fuxi纹" (Fuxi mark); more than that is not good. The lines should start from the side of the forehead near the temple and the edge of the face, running horizontally and deeply engraved. The Huogai mark indicates loneliness, the Yanyue mark suggests moderate wealth and prominence, and the Fuxi mark indicates great fortune. If the lines are short and disorderly, it is very bad, leading to a life of hardship, low status, and many injuries.

書云：骨格正氣色定，凡氣色乃五臟六腑這餘光，故有金木水火土之詳說。在外為氣，在內為色，色為苗，氣為根，凡看根先看苗。在內者還未遇，在外者已遇。鮮明者正旺，淡色者已散。凡欲求謀，即在此宮看氣色，有鬼神不測之機，乃奪天地之秀氣，世間各樣異術惟氣色最驗。但恐耳聾目盲妄言則不驗。

The book on physiognomy says: When the bone structure is upright and proper, the aura can be settled. The aura is the residual light emanating from the five viscera and six bowels, so it should be explained in detail according to the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. What appears on the surface is called "qi", and what is hidden inside is called "color"; color is the sprout, and qi is the root. To observe the root, one should first look at the sprout. If the color is still hidden inside, the matter has not yet occurred; if it has emerged on the surface, the matter has already occurred. A bright and vivid aura indicates a flourishing state, while a fading color indicates its dispersion. Whenever there is a pursuit or desire, one should look at the aura in the corresponding palace. There are mysterious mechanisms involved, which are obtained by drawing the refined qi from heaven and earth. Among all the strange arts in the world, the aura is the most effective; however, it is only effective if the observer is not deaf or blind and does not make hasty or wrong judgments.

凡女人以血為主，皮乃血之處，血乃皮之本。看皮可知血之衰旺矣。皮血明則潤，皮血紅則枯，皮血黃濁，皮血赤則衰，皮血白則滯。凡濁則賤、則淫、則夭，故此血宜鮮明，表裡明潤則為貴矣。

A woman's appearance is primarily determined by her blood. The skin is the place where blood resides, and blood is the fundamental essence of the skin. Therefore, by observing the skin, one can discern the prosperity or decline of blood qi. If the blood color beneath the skin is bright and moist, it indicates good blood qi. If the blood color is overly red, it suggests deficiency and dryness. If the blood color is yellow, it indicates turbid and impure blood. If the blood color is reddish, it indicates decline. If the blood color is pale, it indicates stagnation. Any appearance with turbid and dull coloration suggests either low status, immoral behavior, or a short lifespan. Therefore, the blood color should be bright and clear, with both exterior and interior appearing moist and lustrous, which is considered a sign of nobility.

一身之本不過精神，神一散豈能有命？目為五行之領，故看眼上即知。凡養精神發在雙目，目秀神心秀，目清神心清，目枯濁神心枯濁，目散光神心散光，故目要神為主，眼乃一身精華，不宜不秀。

The fundamental essence of a person is merely spirit and vitality. If the spirit disperses, where is life? The eyes are the leader of the Five Phases, so looking at the eyes can reveal the prosperity or decline of spirit. All the cultivated vitality is reflected in the two eyes: if the eyes are bright, then the spirit and heart are also bright; if the eyes are clear, then the spirit and heart are also clear; if the eyes are dry and turbid, then the spirit and heart are also dry and turbid; if the light in the eyes disperses, then the spirit and heart also disperse. Therefore, the eyes should primarily have spirit. The two eyes are the gathering of the body's essence, so they cannot be unclear and refined.

曰月若流星，必是身榮之客，眼若盲眸，多因困苦之人。不露、不偏、不陷、不浮光方為美相，此數件若犯一件，決然不好。書云：一體精神二目中，睛明點漆必榮身，若是焦黃亂濁眼，為人下賤且貧窮。

A person whose eyes are bright like shooting stars must be someone in a position of honor and prominence; whereas someone whose eyes are dull and lifeless, like those of a blind person, is likely to be in hardship. The eyes should not be protruding, crooked, sunken, or with a floating gleam; only then can they be considered a good appearance. If any of these characteristics are present, it is not considered favorable. The physiognomy texts say: the spirit of a person is concentrated in the eyes. If the pupils are black and bright, like a point of lacquer, then the person will surely achieve honor and success. But if the eyes are dry, yellowish, turbid, and the gaze is scattered, the person is considered lowly and poor.

書云：奸門是鏡，因妻致富成家。鼻準豐隆，招妻多能賢德。得妻發富，準頭魚尾明潤。多得妻財，印堂紫氣如蠶。又云：龜頭小白，妻妾賢能。又云：女人印潤眉清，出嫁旺夫益子。面平唇紫，生成福祿滔滔。此說非惟男相而能因妻致富，亦因女相旺夫方為兩合。

The book on physiognomy says: If the "Jianmen" at the outer corner of the eyes is clear and bright like a mirror, one can become wealthy and establish a family through his wife. If the bridge of the nose and the tip are full and prominent, the wife is likely to be virtuous. After marrying and becoming wealthy, the tip of the nose ("Zhun tou") and the outer corners of the eyes ("Yu wei") will be bright and moist. Those who gain much from their wife's family will have a subtle purple aura over the "Yintang" area, resembling a sleeping silkworm. It also says: For men, a small and pale glans penis indicates capable and virtuous wives. For women, a moist and lustrous "Yintang" and clear eyebrows indicate that she can bring prosperity to her husband and children. A flat and full face with purple lips signifies that she is born with abundant blessings and good fortune. This shows that becoming wealthy through a wife is not only about the husband's appearance, but also the wife's appearance that can bring prosperity. Only when both are compatible can success be achieved.

招妻破財，只因廚灶兩空。取婦破家，多為奸門客一指（陷也）。形局若惡，招妻之後亡家。魚尾多紋，一世窮苦。到老骨多肉落，一生長得妻賢。女若鼻低，出嫁夫家大敗。男生斑點，招妻喪命亡家。男若不犯，女不犯刑，可得全其性命。

A man who marries and then loses his wealth is because the area beside his nostrils, called "chuzao," is empty and lacks meat. A man who marries and then loses his family is often because the "jianmen" at the corners of his eyes is sunken by a finger's depth—old comments say it is like a pit. If the physical structure is evil, marrying a wife will lead to family ruin. Those with many fish tail lines at the corners of their eyes will be poor all their lives. Those who, in old age, have prominent bones and withered muscles may have a virtuous wife all their lives. A woman with a low nose bridge will cause her husband's family to fail. A man with spots on his face will have his wife die and his family ruined after marriage. Only when neither the man nor the woman commits these taboos can they both preserve their lives.

又云：物之不齊，物之情也，信須有之短命。男兒自有防夫之妻，女相不良自有剋夫之相。書云：鼻若梁低神氣小，定有刑夫之婦。又云：神少梁低豈能長壽?顴高額廣必定刑夫。

It is also said that all things are varied and uneven, which is the natural state of things, so indeed some people are born with short lifespans. A man will naturally have a wife who may harm him, and a woman with an unattractive appearance will naturally carry the mark of being harmful to her husband. The book of physiognomy states: a woman with a low nose bridge and weak spirit is certainly one who will harm her husband. It is also said: how can someone with insufficient spirit and a low nose bridge live long? Those with high cheekbones and broad foreheads are certainly harmful to their husbands.

欲知暮年破敗，須觀地閣頭皮，要知子息榮華，還看乳頭臍腑。此數件可定運矣。地閣削陷，頭皮乾枯，老景難言子孝。乳朝下，肚皮薄，臍者淺，老年定有破敗之兒。一面好相，獨此數件不好，難得過曰自是消之身亡之後，了必敗矣。此言父相老來不好也。

To determine whether one's later years will be prosperous or not, one should look at the lower jaw 'di ge' and the scalp. To know if the children will be successful, one should also examine the nipple, the navel, and the abdomen. These areas can determine one's later fortune. If the 'di ge' is cut off or sunken and the scalp is dry and withered, then in old age one will not have a filial son. If the nipple points downward, the abdomen is thin, and the navel is shallow, then in old age one will certainly have a wasteful son. Even if the whole face is a good appearance, if these areas are not good, life will be difficult, and after death, the family fortune will surely decline. This refers to a father's appearance being bad in old age, so the family fortune he established will still be lost.

乳頭圓，乳硬，耳如霜，當受子爵。項皮寬厚，臥蠶高，子立朝綱。又云：要生貴子，還須枕骨雙峰，欲產俊秀，還看臍深腹垂。老來對贈，須顴背厚腰豐。食子天思，定是皮和血潤。觀封君不獨一處。此數者俱許諾榮。書云：項寬皮厚血光明，腹厚臍深腰背平，隱隱臥蠶唇若紫，地潤朝天父子封。

A person with round nipples, firm breasts, and white ears like frost will receive a noble title from his son. If someone has a broad neck with thick skin and prominent under-eye folds, his son will hold an official position in the court. It is also said that to have a noble son, one's occipital bone should form two peaks; to have a handsome son, one's navel should be deep and the abdomen should hang low. Those who receive posthumous honors from the court in old age must have full cheeks and a thick, full back and waist. Those who can enjoy the heavenly grace brought by their sons must have warm flesh and moist blood. To determine if someone can be granted a title, one should not rely on a single feature—those who possess all these traits will achieve honor and distinction. The physiognomy book says: a broad neck, thick skin, bright complexion, a thick abdomen, deep navel, full waist and back, subtle and prominent under-eye folds with purple lips, and a moist, rounded face that looks upward—all these signs indicate that both father and son will receive rewards.

書云：男相有兒，女相無，除非娶妾紹宗枝女相有生男不口雙偕老自嗟孤。

The book on physiognomy says: if the husband's appearance indicates he has sons but the wife's does not, then they can only take a concubine to continue the family line; if the wife's appearance indicates she can bear sons but the husband's does not, even if they grow old together, they can only lament their loneliness. This shows that the affliction of being childless in a couple does not necessarily mean both are afflicted, but if one is, it is enough to cut off the descendants. Note: the original text has errors and omissions, and the words 'not mouth' are no longer readable.

書云：夫從妻貴，妻從夫貴，此一理也。如夫不好，妻相富，可賴全身。常言道：一家之福在於一人。所以世人擇夫者多，擇妻者更多。夫壽乃先天生定，而富貴實有可以托賴之理矣。

The book on physiognomy says: A husband may become prosperous through his wife, and a wife may also become prosperous through her husband; it is the same principle. If a husband's appearance is not good but his wife's appearance indicates wealth, the husband can still rely on his wife to maintain his status. It is often said that the fortune of a family often depends on one person. Therefore, people often choose a husband, but even more so, they carefully select a wife. The length of one's life is determined by the Earlier Heaven and cannot be changed; however, wealth and honor indeed have a mutual support and mutual promotion.

若得未年成家之子，若一面格局不好，獨蠶老潤，乳頭高，未年可立成家之子。邊地隆，下頦嬌，未年必有成立之男。又云：如印堂廣，雙眉成彩，興家助國之人。四庫豐，耳輪正，榮公顯父之男。卓立興家，必是頭圓額廣。自來發積，皆因土厚顴高。

To ask whether one can have a son who establishes a family and career in old age: even if the father's face has an unremarkable appearance, as long as the 'wòcán' (the area beneath the eyes) remains moist and the nipple is prominent, he will have a son who can establish a family in his later years. Those with a broad and full 'biandi' (the area beside the eyebrows) and a small but well-shaped lower jaw will certainly have a capable son. It is also said that those with a broad and bright 'yántáng' (the area between the eyebrows) and bright eyebrows are people who can build a family and contribute to the country. Those with full 'sìkù' (the two heavenly granaries and two earthly treasuries), and properly shaped earlobes, will have a son who can bring glory to their ancestors. Those who can stand on their own and build a family are certainly those with a round head and broad forehead. Those who have always been able to accumulate wealth are due to a thick nose (representing the earth element) and high cheekbones.

書云：眼乃心之苗，眼善心善，眼噁心惡，眼秀心秀，此不過見人賢愚善惡能辨，心田要看陰陽宮（臥蠶下三分為陰陽宮），為人心好，此處平，為人心善，此處滿，心壞，此處深，陰毒害人，此處青，若起青筋、紅脈，非良人也。

The book on physiognomy says: the eyes are the manifestation of the heart; a kind gaze indicates a kind heart, while a cruel gaze indicates a cruel heart. A clear and refined gaze suggests a refined mind. However, this can only roughly determine a person's virtue or vice. To truly assess the heart, one must look at the "Yin and Yang Palace"—old annotations say that the area three parts below the flesh under the eyelid is the Yin and Yang Palace. For a person with a righteous heart, this area is level; for a kind-hearted person, it is full and plump; for a wicked person, it is sunken; for someone with sinister intentions, it appears blue. If there are blue veins or red pulses appearing here, it indicates that the person is not good.

女人若深陷、青暗，不敬公婆，不和鄰里，多亂多貪，不出好子，不得成家。若此處豐滿，主有貴子，大益家道，壽命延長。男人若滿，永保子孫福壽綿長。書云：陰陽肉滿福重心靈，為人有智慧，曾行陰陽，救人上起蠶紋，為陰德。

If a woman's Yin-Yang Palace is deep and dark, she will be disrespectful to her in-laws, quarrelsome with neighbors, her behavior will be chaotic, and she will be greedy and lustful. She will not have a good son and will not get married. However, if this area is full and plump, it indicates the birth of a noble son, greatly benefiting the family and prolonging her life. For men, if this area is full, their descendants will enjoy long-lasting blessings and longevity. The book of physiognomy says that a full and plump Yin-Yang Palace indicates thick fortune, sharp mind, and wisdom. Those who have secretly done good deeds and saved others will have fine lines on their inner lower eyelids, which is a sign of Yin Virtue.

胸高臀嬌，休言父子親情。髮赤鬚黃，莫言孝名。唇厚孝義之人。唇動齒疏，豈能孝道？雞睛蛇眼，陰毒難言。蜂項兔頭，狐狸獨公，咬牙切齒。弩目搖頭，壞倫之子。

A person with a high and prominent chest and a thin and small buttocks should not expect close affection between father and son. Those with red hair and yellow beards cannot be considered filial. Thick lips indicate a person of filial piety and righteousness; however, those whose lips move restlessly while speaking and whose teeth are sparse and have gaps cannot uphold filial duties. Those who have warts resembling chickenpox or snake eyes are extremely阴毒, beyond description. Those with a thin neck like a bee and a small head like a rabbit, whose appearance resembles a fox and whose nature is solitary and peculiar, who often clench their teeth and show anger; those who stare and shake their heads—these are all rebellious sons who disrupt human relationships.

顴高準大，忠直之臣。眼陷眉高，好貪之輩。眼圓光正，可代君王之難。鬚白唇紅，致死陰靈報國。耳小腮尖，一世為人奸吝。若要不忠不孝，只因水陷土偏。面方須正，真性多忠。面陷奸邪陰毒。

Those with high cheekbones and large noses are loyal and upright officials. Those with deep eye sockets and high eyebrows are greedy. Those with round eyes and steady gaze can shoulder dangers for the king. Those with white beards and red lips will even serve the country in death. Those with small ears and sharp cheekbones are deceitful and stingy throughout their lives. To see if someone is unfaithful or unfilial, look at the sunken mouth (water star) and crooked nose (earth star). Those with square faces and well-ordered beards are naturally loyal. Those with sunken faces are deceitful and sinister.

書云：欲食貴人祿，須生貴人齒。欲得貴人衣，須生貴人體。凡唇紅又潤，上下得配，一生酒食無虧。若是準露庫偏，豈得資財有分？

The book of physiognomy says: If you wish to enjoy the salary of a nobleman, you must first have the teeth of a nobleman; if you wish to wear the clothes of a nobleman, you must first have the body of a nobleman. Lips that are red and moist, with upper and lower lips that match well, will ensure a life without lack of food and drink. If the nostrils are exposed and the Heavenly Granary and Earthly Repository are crooked, how can one expect to receive wealth?

書云：欲食貴人祿，須生貴人齒，欲得貴人衣，須生貴人體。凡唇紅又潤，上下得配，一生酒食無虧。若是準露庫偏，豈得資財有分？

This passage is a repetition of the previous one, appearing twice in the original text. The wording is identical, with only minor differences in punctuation. It is reproduced here without deletion. The book on physiognomy says: If you wish to enjoy the salary of a nobleman, you must first have the teeth of a nobleman; if you wish to wear the clothes of a nobleman, you must first have the body shape of a nobleman. Lips that are red and moist, with upper and lower lips that match well, will ensure a lifetime of food and drink. If the nostrils are too exposed and the Heavenly Granary and Earthly Repository are crooked, then wealth will not be his share.

莫以貌美而言善，夭者多有神短，色浮，皮急，骨弱肉血不勻，五官不配，雙目無神，聲音不響，音韻不應喉。一面俱好，神不足，難言長壽。精神痿狀，氣不勻，不得長生。神短壽夭，氣短壽促。凡壽以神為主。

Do not judge someone as having a good destiny simply because they have an attractive appearance. Those who have short lifespans usually exhibit a lack of vitality, a pale and superficial complexion, tight skin, weak bones, and uneven flesh and blood color. Their facial features are mismatched, their eyes lack spirit, their voices are not clear and strong, and their tone does not harmonize with their throat. Even if their entire face appears favorable, if their spirit is insufficient, they cannot be considered long-lived. Those who appear listless and have uneven breathing do not attain longevity. Those with a short spirit have short lives, and those with weak energy have brief lifespans. In summary, when assessing longevity, the spirit is the primary factor.

此乃濁中有清之說，濁中清，清中濁，未曾辯明。凡人一身濁色，五嶽偏斜，取印堂平為福德學堂。耳有輪廓為外堂，睛清秀為聰明堂，齒白為內堂。此四堂不論貌醜，乃濁中清，甚是聰明，可為卿相。書云：耳正睛清似碧波，齒正潔白氣來和，雖是形容多醜陋，胸中高策萬人無。

This is the principle of "clearness within turbidity." When turbidity contains clarity and clarity contains turbidity, people often fail to distinguish clearly. Some individuals may have an overall dull appearance and crooked features, yet if their forehead is level and full, it is considered as "Fortune Virtue Academy." Having a distinct ear shape is called "Outer Academy," clear and bright eyes are called "Wisdom Academy," and white teeth are called "Inner Academy." If these four academies are present, regardless of how unattractive one's appearance may be, it is considered as having clarity within turbidity, indicating great intelligence, and such a person can become a high-ranking official or prime minister. The physiognomy book says: if the ears are upright, the eyes are bright and clear like green waves, and the teeth are neat with calm breathing, even if one's appearance is ugly, their profound strategies surpass those of a thousand people.

此乃清中濁之相。凡人貌俊耳雖正，睛欠神，齒欠齊，氣不和，神多亂，此乃萬事無成之相。

This is the appearance of "clear on the outside but turbid within." Some people may have a handsome appearance and well-proportioned ears, but their eyes lack spirit, their teeth are uneven, their breath is unbalanced, and their expression is often scattered and disordered—this is the appearance of achieving nothing in all endeavors. Although their appearance is clear, their inner nature is turbid, so they may look handsome but their mind is dull and confused.

包公之面，七陷三顴揚，即之身瑩如玉，五六郎銀面金睛，故有封侯之職。包公鐵面銀牙，都堂宰相之顴。伍子胥顏如美婦，只為眉分八字。党太尉青面赤須，只因目秀，反作文臣。此四古人都是文武全才，出將入相之貌，莫以清濁言之。

Bao Gong's face has seven depressions and high cheekbones, but when viewed closely, his skin is smooth and lustrous like jade. Yang Wulu and Yang Liulang have pale faces like silver and eyes shining like gold, hence they were granted positions of honor as generals. Bao Gong has a stern face and silver teeth, with cheekbones suitable for a chancellor who governs the capital. Wu Zisux has a refined face like a beautiful woman, yet he can command troops as a general because his eyebrows spread out in the shape of the character "eight." Deng Taiwei has a green face and red beard, naturally a military general, but because his eyes are clear and delicate, he ended up as a civil official. These four ancient people all have both literary and military talents, suitable for both military and civil positions, and cannot be judged solely by the terms of clear or turbid.

此兩者，獨言氣色，不在相上。凡病人氣色報忌五件俱主死：1、山根枯。2、耳輪黑。3、命門暗。4、眼角青。5、口角黃。書云：黑繞太陽，盧醫難救。青遮口角，扁鵲難醫。外有雜色，暗滯青黃，不過病色。若準頭一明，死者復生，命門一亮，不曰身安。年壽一開，災厄即遠。

These two situations are judged only by the complexion, not by the bone structure. A patient's complexion has five major taboos; if any of them are present, it indicates death: first, the bridge of the nose is dry and withered; second, the earlobe turns black; third, the area before the ear, known as the life gate, is dark and dull; fourth, the corners of the eyes turn blue; fifth, the corners of the mouth turn yellow. The book of physiognomy says: if black qi surrounds the solar plexus, even the famous physician Lu Yu cannot save the patient; if blue qi covers the corners of the mouth, even Bian Que cannot cure the illness. Other miscellaneous colors, such as dark and stagnant, blue, and yellow, are merely general signs of illness. If the tip of the nose, known as the tip, suddenly becomes bright, a person near death can recover; if the life gate becomes bright, the person will soon be safe; if the areas representing age and longevity become bright, misfortune will be far away.

又云：三陽如靛，死必無疑。年壽光明還須有救。此五處一處開不死。凡人氣色常暗，一曰光明，死期至矣。常明忽暗，死期至矣，病必死者。年壽三陽一赤，旬曰身亡。白發印堂黃發口，一七殞命。四壁如煙起赤光，須防二七。老人滿面黃光現，一七難逃。少者青來口角邊，一月之數。

It is also said that if the "Three Yang" appear green like indigo, death is certain; but if the "Year position" and "Longevity position" are bright, there is still hope. As long as any one of these five areas shows a change for the better, death can be avoided. If a person's complexion has always been dark and suddenly becomes bright, death is imminent; if it has always been bright and suddenly turns dark, death is also imminent—such a person is certain to die. If the "Year position," "Longevity position," and the "Three Yang" all show a reddish color at once, death will occur within ten days. If white vapor appears on the forehead or yellow vapor appears around the mouth, death will occur within seven days. If the face appears as if surrounded by mist and a red glow emerges from all four sides, one must beware of a danger within fourteen days. If an elderly person's entire face shows a yellow glow, death is certain within seven days. If a young person shows a bluish color around the corners of the mouth, death will occur within a month.

有病人雖看準頭不潤，人死只看年壽如泥，耳生鹿，還須有疾病。耳輪赤萬事列憂。印堂黑，非死即病重。顴骨青，大難來臨。一身血色有光華，一年之內順利。皮血滯如泥，半載不利。

The patient should look at the nose tip, "ZhuNTou," to see if it is moist and lustrous, but determining life or death depends on whether the "NianShang" and "ShouShang" are dirty and dark like mud. If the ears are covered with dust as if wrapped in deer skin, there will be illness. If the ear lobes are red, there will be many worries. If the imprint hall is black, it means either death or serious illness. If the cheekbones are blue, great difficulties are coming. Conversely, if the whole body has a bright red glow, it will be smooth for one year. If the skin's redness is dull and dark like mud, it will be unfavorable for half a year.

凡人老不拘富貴俱要皮土為主，老頭皮土潤，血色足，曰後還有晚景，必富大旺。老來皮土乾，血色衰，為官退位至窮。為民困苦，死後結果俱難。

When people reach old age, regardless of their wealth or poverty, their skin (skin and earth) becomes the main factor. Those whose scalp and facial skin remain moist and whose blood color is abundant in old age will have a prosperous later life, certainly becoming wealthy and flourishing. However, those whose skin becomes dry and whose blood color fades in old age will, if they hold official positions, lose their posts and eventually become poor. If they are common people, they will suffer great hardship, and even their funeral arrangements may not be complete.

皆因皮土弱，血不旺，蠶方低，乳方朝下，若血色潤好，豈有臥蠶反低乳方朝下之理？

This is all due to weak skin and insufficient blood qi, causing the lower eyelid to be sunken and the nipple to point downward. If the blood color is moist and lustrous, how could the lower eyelid be sunken and the nipple point downward? Clearly, the root of the problem lies in the skin and blood, not in the lower eyelid or the nipple themselves.