Duke Xuan

（經九四）夏，季孫行父如宋致女。

(Classic) In summer, Jisun Xingfu went to Song to deliver the woman.

（傳）未有言致女者，此其言致女何？錄伯姬也。

(Commentary) "Delivering the woman" has never been written before, so why is it written here? It is to record Bo Ji.

（經九使）晉人來媵。

(Classic) Men of Jin came to accompany the bride with gifts.

（傳）媵不書，此何以書？錄伯姬也。

(Commentary) Accompanying a bride with gifts is normally not recorded, so why is it recorded here? It is to record Bo Ji.

（經九六）秋，七月丙子，齊侯無野卒。

(Classic) In autumn, on the bingzi day of the seventh month, Wuye, Marquis of Qi, died.

（經九七）晉人執鄭伯。

(Classic) The men of Jin captured the Earl of Zheng.

（經九八）晉欒書帥師伐鄭。

(Classic) Luan Shu of Jin led an army to attack Zheng.

（經九九）冬，十有一月，葬齊頃公。

(Classic) In winter, in the eleventh month, Duke Qing of Qi was buried.

（經九十）楚公子嬰齊帥師伐莒；庚申，莒潰。

(Classic) Gongzi Yingqi of Chu led an army to attack Ju; on the gengshen day, Ju collapsed (its people scattered).

（經九十一）楚人入運。（經九十二）秦人、白狄伐晉。

(Classic) The men of Chu entered Yun. (Classic) The men of Qin and the White Di attacked Jin.

（經九十三）鄭人圍許。

(Classic) The men of Zheng besieged Xu.

（經九十四）城中城。

(Classic) The Central City was fortified.

春，衛侯之弟黑背率師侵鄭。

In spring, Heibei, younger brother of the Marquis of Wei, led an army to invade Zheng.

（經十二）夏，四月，五卜郊，不從，乃不郊。

(Classic) In summer, in the fourth month, divination was made five times about the suburban sacrifice and none was favorable, so the suburban sacrifice was not held.

（傳）其言乃不郊何？不免牲，故言乃不郊也。

(Commentary) What does "then did not hold the suburban sacrifice" mean? The sacrificial animal had not been released, so it says "then did not hold the suburban sacrifice."

（經十三）五月，公會晉侯、齊侯、宋公、衛侯、曹伯伐鄭。

(Classic) In the fifth month, Duke Cheng joined the Marquis of Jin, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei and the Earl of Cao in attacking Zheng.

（經十四）齊人來媵。

(Classic) Men of Qi came to accompany the bride with gifts.

（傳）媵不書，此何以書？錄伯姬也。三國來媵非禮也，曷為皆以錄伯姬之辭言之？婦人以眾多為侈也。

(Commentary) Accompanying a bride with gifts is normally not recorded, so why is it recorded here? It is to record Bo Ji. It was against ritual for three states to accompany her, so why is it all described in wording that records Bo Ji? Having many people accompany a woman is extravagant.

（經十五）丙午，晉侯獳卒。

(Classic) On the bingwu day, Nou, Marquis of Jin, died.

（經十六）秋，七月。

(Classic) In autumn, the seventh month.

（經十七）公如晉。

(Classic) Duke Cheng went to Jin.

春，王三月，公至自晉。

In spring, in the third month of the Zhou calendar, Duke Cheng returned from Jin.

（經十一二）晉侯使郄州來聘。己丑，及郄州盟。

(Classic) The Marquis of Jin sent Xi Zhou on a visit. On the jichou day, a covenant was made with Xi Zhou.

（經十一三）夏，季孫行父如晉。

(Classic) In summer, Jisun Xingfu went to Jin.

（經十一四）秋，叔孫僑如如齊。

(Classic) In autumn, Shusun Qiaoru went to Qi.

（經十一五）冬，十月。

(Classic) In winter, the tenth month.

春，周公出奔晉。

In spring, the Duke of Zhou fled to Jin.

（傳）周公者何？天子之三公也。王者無外，此其言出何？自其私土而出也。

(Commentary) Who was the Duke of Zhou? He was one of the Son of Heaven's three dukes. A true king has no "outside," so why is "fled" written here? He left from his own private city.

（經十二二）夏，公會晉侯、衛侯於沙澤。

(Classic) In summer, Duke Cheng met the Marquis of Jin and the Marquis of Wei at Shaze.

（經十二三）秋，晉人敗狄於交剛。

(Classic) In autumn, the men of Jin defeated the Di at Jiaogang.

（經十二四）冬，十月。

(Classic) In winter, the tenth month.

春，晉侯使郄錡來乞師。

In spring, the Marquis of Jin sent Xi Qi to request troops.

（經十三二）三月，公如京師。

(Classic) In the third month, Duke Cheng went to the capital.

（經十三三）夏，五月，公自京師，遂會晉侯、齊侯、宋公、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯、邾婁人、滕人伐秦。

(Classic) In summer, in the fifth month, Duke Cheng set out from the capital, and then joined the Marquis of Jin, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng, the Earl of Cao, the men of Zhulou and the men of Teng in attacking Qin.

（傳）其言自京師何？公鑿行也。公鑿行奈何？不敢過天子也。

(Commentary) What does "from the capital" mean? It means Duke Cheng opened a path for the march. How did he open a path for the march? He did not dare to go past the Son of Heaven.

（經十三四）曹伯廬卒於師。

(Classic) Lu, Earl of Cao, died in the army.

（經十三五）秋，七月，公至自伐秦。

(Classic) In autumn, in the seventh month, Duke Cheng returned from the army that attacked Qin.

（經十三六）冬，葬曹宣公。

(Classic) In winter, Duke Xuan of Cao was buried.

春，王正月，莒子朱卒。

In spring, in the first month of the Zhou calendar, Zhu, Viscount of Ju, died.

（經十四二）夏，衛孫林父自晉歸於衛。

(Classic) In summer, Sun Linfu of Wei returned from Jin to Wei.

（經十四三）秋，叔孫僑如如齊逆女。

(Classic) In autumn, Shusun Qiaoru went to Qi to fetch a bride.

（經十四四）鄭公子喜率師伐許。

(Classic) Gongzi Xi of Zheng led an army to attack Xu.

（經十四五）九月，僑如以夫人婦姜氏至自齊。

(Classic) In the ninth month, Qiaoru returned from Qi bringing his wife, Lady Jiang.

（經十四六）冬，十月庚寅，衛侯臧卒。

(Classic) In winter, on the gengyin day of the tenth month, Zang, Marquis of Wei, died.

（經十四七）秦伯卒。

(Classic) The Earl of Qin died.

春，王二月，葬衛定公。

In spring, in the second month of the Zhou calendar, Duke Ding of Wei was buried.

（經十五二）三月乙巳，仲嬰齊卒。

(Classic) In the third month, on the yisi day, Zhong Yingqi died.

（傳）仲嬰齊者何？公孫嬰齊也。公孫嬰齊，則曷為謂之仲嬰齊？為兄後也。為兄後則曷為謂之仲嬰齊？為人後者為之子也。為人後者為其子，則其稱仲何？孫以王父字為氏也。然則嬰齊孰後？後歸父也。歸父使於晉而未反，何以後之？叔仲惠伯，傅子赤者也，文公死，子幼，公子遂謂叔仲惠伯曰：「君幼，如之何？願與子慮之。」叔仲惠伯曰：「吾子相之，老夫抱之，何幼君之有？」公子遂知其不可與謀，退而殺叔仲惠伯，弒子赤而立宣公。宣公死，成公幼，臧宣叔者相也。君死不哭，聚諸大夫而問焉，曰：「昔者叔仲惠伯之事，孰為之？」諸大夫皆雜然曰：「仲氏也，其然乎？」於是遣歸父之家，然後哭君，歸父使乎晉，還自晉，至檉，聞君薨家遣，墠帷，哭君成踴，反命於介，自是走之齊。魯人徐傷歸父之無後也，於是使嬰齊後之也。

(Commentary) Who was Zhong Yingqi? He was Gongsun Yingqi. If he was Gongsun Yingqi, why is he called Zhong Yingqi? Because he became heir to his elder brother. Having become his elder brother's heir, why is he called Zhong Yingqi? To become someone's heir is to become his son. To become someone's heir is to become his son, so why is he called "Zhong"? A grandson takes his grandfather's style as his clan name. Then whose heir was Yingqi? He was Guifu's heir. Guifu had gone as envoy to Jin and had not yet returned, so why was an heir established for him? Shuzhong Hui Bo was the tutor of Zichi; when Duke Wen died, his son was young, and Gongzi Sui said to Shuzhong Hui Bo: "The ruler is young; what shall we do? I wish to plan with you." Shuzhong Hui Bo said: "You assist him, and this old man will hold him in his arms; where is there a young ruler?" Gongzi Sui knew he could not plan with him, withdrew, killed Shuzhong Hui Bo, killed Zichi, and installed Duke Xuan. When Duke Xuan died, Duke Cheng was young, and Zangxuan Shu was the chief minister. He did not weep for the dead ruler, but summoned the grand masters and asked: "In the past affair of Shuzhong Hui Bo, who did it?" The grand masters said one after another: "Wasn't it the Zhong clan?" So the family of Guifu was dispersed, and only then did they weep for the ruler. Guifu, on his mission in Jin, was returning from Jin, reached Cheng, and heard that the ruler had died and his family had been dispersed, so he cleared the ground and set up a curtain, wept for the ruler and completed the ritual of leaping in grief, reported to his deputy envoy, and then fled to Qi. The people of Lu slowly grew sorry that Guifu had no heir, so they made Yingqi his heir.

（經十五三）癸丑，公會晉侯、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯、宋世子成、齊國佐、邾婁人同盟於戚。

(Classic) On the guichou day, Duke Cheng joined the Marquis of Jin, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng, the Earl of Cao, Cheng the crown prince of Song, Guo Zuo of Qi and the men of Zhulou in a covenant at Qi.

（經十五四）晉侯執曹伯歸之於京師。

(Classic) The Marquis of Jin captured the Earl of Cao and sent him to the capital.

（經十五五）公至自會。

(Classic) Duke Cheng returned from the covenant.

（經十五六）夏，六月，宋公固卒。

(Classic) In summer, in the sixth month, Gu, Duke of Song, died.

（經十五七）楚子伐鄭。

(Classic) The Viscount of Chu attacked Zheng.

（經十五八）秋，八月庚辰，葬宋共公。

(Classic) In autumn, on the gengchen day of the eighth month, Duke Gong of Song was buried.