Duke Cheng (Years 1 to 18)

【經】四年春，宋公使華元來聘。三月壬申，鄭伯堅卒。杞伯來朝。夏四月甲寅，臧孫許卒。公如晉。葬鄭襄公。秋，公至自晉。冬，城鄆。鄭伯伐許。

[Classic] In the spring of the fourth year, the Duke of Song sent Hua Yuan to come on a friendly visit. On the renshen day of the third month, Jian, Earl of Zheng, died. The Earl of Qi came to court. On the jiayin day of the fourth month, Zang Sun Xu died. Duke Cheng went to Jin. Duke Xiang of Zheng was buried. In autumn, Duke Cheng returned from Jin. In winter, the wall of Yun was built. The Earl of Zheng attacked Xu.

【傳】四年春，宋華元來聘，通嗣君也。

[Commentary] In the spring of the fourth year, Hua Yuan of Song came on a friendly visit, to establish friendship on behalf of the newly enthroned ruler.

杞伯來朝，歸叔姬故也。

The Earl of Qi came to court because of the return of Shu Ji.

夏，公如晉，晉侯見公，不敬。季文子曰：“晉侯必不免。《詩》曰：‘敬之敬之！天惟顯思，命不易哉！’夫晉侯之命在諸侯矣，可不敬乎？”秋，公至自晉，欲求成於楚而叛晉，季文子曰：“不可。晉雖無道，未可叛也。國大臣睦，而邇於我，諸侯聽焉，未可以貳。史佚之《志》有之，曰：‘非我族類，其心必異。’楚雖大，非吾族也，其肯字我乎？”公乃止。

In summer, Duke Cheng went to Jin, and the Marquis of Jin received Duke Cheng without respect. Ji Wenzi said: "The Marquis of Jin will surely not escape misfortune. The Odes say: 'Be reverent, be reverent! Heaven is bright, and the Mandate is not easy!' The fate of the Marquis of Jin lies in the hands of the feudal lords; can he be disrespectful?" In autumn, Duke Cheng returned from Jin and wished to make peace with Chu and break with Jin. Ji Wenzi said: "No. Although Jin is without the Way, it cannot be betrayed. Its state is large, its high ministers are in harmony, it is close to us, and the feudal lords obey it; we must not have a divided heart. The Annals of Shi Yi has the words: 'Those who are not of our kind surely have a different heart.' Though Chu is large, it is not of our clan; would it be willing to care for us?" Duke Cheng then stopped.

冬十一月，鄭公孫申帥師疆許田，許人敗諸展陂。鄭伯伐許，取任、泠敦之田。

In winter, in the eleventh month, Gongsun Shen of Zheng led an army to mark the boundaries of the fields of Xu, and the men of Xu defeated them at Zhanbei. The Earl of Zheng attacked Xu and took the lands of Ren and Lingdun.

晉欒書將中軍，荀首佐之，士燮佐上軍，以救許伐鄭，取氾、祭。楚子反救鄭，鄭伯與許男訟焉。皇戌攝鄭伯之辭，子反不能決也，曰：“君若辱在寡君，寡君與其二三臣共聽兩君之所欲，成其可知也。不然，側不足以知二國之成。”

Luan Shu of Jin commanded the central army, with Xun Shou assisting, and Shi Xie assisted the upper army, coming to rescue Xu and attack Zheng, and took Fan and Ji. Zi Fan of Chu rescued Zheng, and the Earl of Zheng and the Baron of Xu disputed before him. Huang Xu spoke on behalf of the Earl of Zheng, and Zi Fan could not decide, and said: "If Your Majesty would condescend to come to our ruler, our ruler would hear with several ministers the wishes of the two rulers together, and mediation could then be known. Otherwise, I am not enough to know the right and wrong of the two states."

晉趙嬰通於趙莊姬。

Zhao Ying of Jin had an illicit relationship with Zhao Zhuangji.

【經】五年春王正月，杞叔姬來歸。仲孫蔑如宋。夏，叔孫僑如會晉荀首於谷。梁山崩。秋，大水。冬十有一月己酉，天王崩。十有二月己丑，公會晉侯、齊侯、宋公、衛侯、鄭伯、曹伯、邾子、杞伯同盟於蟲牢。

[Classic] In the spring of the fifth year, in the first month by the Zhou calendar, Shu Ji of Qi returned. Zhongsun Mie went to Song. In summer, Shusun Qiaoru met Xun Shou of Jin at Gu. Mount Liang collapsed. In autumn, there was a great flood. In winter, on the jiyou day of the eleventh month, the Son of Heaven died. In the twelfth month, on the jichou day, Duke Cheng, together with the Marquis of Jin, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng, the Earl of Cao, the Viscount of Zhu, and the Earl of Qi, made a covenant at Chonglao.

【傳】五年春，原、屏放諸齊。嬰曰：“我在，故欒氏不作。我亡，吾二昆其憂哉！且人各有能有不能，舍我何害？”弗聽。嬰夢天使謂己：“祭餘，餘福女。”使問諸士貞伯，貞伯曰：“不識也。”既而告其人曰：“神福仁而禍淫，淫而無罰，福也。祭，其得亡乎？”祭之，之明日而亡。孟獻子如宋，報華元也。

[Commentary] In the spring of the fifth year, Yuan and Ping banished Zhao Ying to Qi. Ying said: "While I am here, the Luan clan does not make trouble. If I flee, my two elder brothers may have cause to worry! Besides, each person has what he can and cannot do; what harm is there in keeping me?" They did not listen. Ying dreamed that a heavenly envoy said to him: "Sacrifice to me, and I will bestow blessings upon you." He sent a man to ask Shi Zhenbo, and Zhenbo said: "I do not know." Later he told the man: "Spirits bestow blessings on the humane and send calamity on the licentious; if licentiousness goes unpunished, that is itself blessing. Sacrificing will probably bring you exile." He sacrificed, and fled the next day. Meng Xianzi went to Song, to return the visit of Hua Yuan.

孟獻子如宋，報華元也。

Meng Xianzi went to Song to return the visit of Hua Yuan.

夏，晉荀首如齊逆女，故宣伯餫諸谷。

In summer, Xun Shou of Jin went to Qi to receive the Lady, and so Xuan Bo presented food at Gu.

梁山崩，晉侯以傳召伯宗。伯宗闢重，曰：“闢傳！”重人曰：“待我，不如捷之速也。”問其所，曰：“絳人也。”問絳事焉，曰：“梁山崩，將召伯宗謀之。”問：“將若之何？”曰：“山有朽壤而崩，可若何？國主山川。故山崩川竭，君為之不舉，降服，乘縵，徹樂，出次，祝幣，史辭以禮焉。其如此而已，雖伯宗若之何？”伯宗請見之，不可。遂以告而從之。

Mount Liang collapsed, and the Marquis of Jin summoned Bo Zong by post-carriage. Bo Zong had a heavy cart give way, saying: "Make way for the post-carriage!" The man driving the heavy cart said: "Waiting for me to get out of the way is not as quick as taking a shortcut." He asked where he was from, and he said: "A man of Jiang." He asked about matters in Jiang, and he said: "Mount Liang has collapsed, and they are about to summon Bo Zong to consult." He asked: "What will be done?" He said: "A mountain with rotted soil collapses; what can be done? A state takes mountains and rivers as its chief. Therefore when a mountain collapses or a river dries up, the ruler reduces his meals, lowers the color of his dress, rides in an undecorated carriage, removes music, leaves the main hall, sets out offerings, and the scribe offers prayers in homage. That is all; even with Bo Zong, what more could be done?" Bo Zong asked to have him presented, but he did not agree. So Bo Zong reported according to his words and carried them out.

許靈公愬鄭伯於楚。六月，鄭悼公如楚，訟，不勝。楚人執皇戌及子國。故鄭伯歸，使公子偃請成於晉。秋八月，鄭伯及晉趙同盟於垂棘。

Duke Ling of Xu accused the Earl of Zheng before Chu. In the sixth month, Duke Dao of Zheng went to Chu to dispute the case, and did not prevail. The men of Chu seized Huang Xu and Zi Guo. So the Earl of Zheng returned and sent Prince Yan to ask Jin for peace. In autumn, in the eighth month, the Earl of Zheng and the Zhao clan of Jin made a covenant at Chuiji.

宋公子圍龜為質於楚而還，華元享之。請鼓譟以出，鼓譟以復入，曰：“習功華氏。”宋公殺之。

Prince Weigui of Song returned after being a hostage in Chu, and Hua Yuan gave a banquet for him. He asked to go out beating drums noisily, and come back in beating drums noisily, saying: "I am rehearsing the attack on the Hua clan." The Duke of Song killed him.

冬，同盟於蟲牢，鄭服也。諸侯謀復會，宋公使向為人辭以子靈之難。

In winter, a covenant was made together at Chonglao, because Zheng had submitted. The feudal lords discussed meeting again, and the Duke of Song sent Xiang Weiren to decline on account of the calamity of Ziling.

十一月己酉，定王崩。

On the jiyou day of the eleventh month, King Ding died.

【經】六年春王正月，公至自會。二月辛巳，立武宮。取鄟。衛孫良夫帥師侵宋。夏六月，邾子來朝。公孫嬰齊如晉。壬申，鄭伯費卒。秋，仲孫蔑、叔孫僑如帥師侵宋。楚公子嬰齊帥師伐鄭。冬，季孫行父如晉。晉欒書帥師救鄭。

[Classic] In the spring of the sixth year, in the first month by the Zhou calendar, Duke Cheng returned from the meeting. On the xinsi day of the second month, the Martial Palace was set up. Zhuan was taken. Sun Liangfu of Wei led an army to invade Song. In summer, in the sixth month, the Viscount of Zhu came to court. Gongsun Yingqi went to Jin. On the renshen day, Fei, Earl of Zheng, died. In autumn, Zhongsun Mie and Shusun Qiaoru led an army to invade Song. Prince Yingqi of Chu led an army to attack Zheng. In winter, Ji Sun Xingfu went to Jin. Luan Shu of Jin led an army to rescue Zheng.

【傳】六年春，鄭伯如晉拜成，子游相，授玉於東楹之東。士貞伯曰：“鄭伯其死乎？自棄也已！視流而行速，不安其位，宜不能久。”

[Commentary] In the spring of the sixth year, the Earl of Zheng went to Jin to give thanks for the peace, and Ziyou assisted in the ceremony, presenting the jade east of the east pillar. Shi Zhenbo said: "The Earl of Zheng will probably die! He is abandoning himself! His gaze wanders and he walks quickly; he is ill at ease in his place, and cannot last long."

二月，季文子以鞍之功立武宮，非禮也。聽於人以救其難，不可以立武。立武由己，非由人也。

In the second month, Ji Wenzi set up the Martial Palace because of the merit at An; this did not accord with ritual. Taking orders from another to resolve one's own calamity, one may not set up a martial monument. Setting up a martial monument is because of oneself, not because of others.

取鄟，言易也。

Zhuan was taken; this is to say it was easy.

三月，晉伯宗、夏陽說，衛孫良夫、寧相，鄭人，伊、洛之戎，陸渾蠻氏侵宋，以其辭會也。師於針，衛人不保。說欲襲衛，曰：“雖不可入，多俘而歸，有罪不及死。”伯宗曰：“不可。衛唯信晉，故師在其郊而不設備。若襲之，是棄信也。雖多衛俘，而晉無信，何以求諸侯？”乃止，師還，衛人登陴。

In the third month, Bo Zong and Xiayang Shuo of Jin, Sun Liangfu and Ning Xiang of Wei, the men of Zheng, the Rong of Yi and Luo, and the Man tribe of Luhun raided Song, because it had declined a meeting. The army encamped at Zhen, and the men of Wei set up no defenses. Some said they wished to attack Wei by surprise, saying: "Even if we cannot get in, we can take many captives back, and having committed an offense we will not be put to death." Bo Zong said: "No. Wei, because it trusts Jin, has left its army in the countryside without defenses. To attack it would be to abandon good faith. Even if we got many captives of Wei, Jin without good faith, how could it make demands on the feudal lords?" So they stopped. The army went back, and the men of Wei climbed up on the battlements.

晉人謀去故絳。諸大夫皆曰：“必居郇瑕氏之地，沃饒而近盬，國利君樂，不可失也。”韓獻子將新中軍，且為僕大夫。公揖而入。獻子從。公立於寢庭，謂獻子曰：“何如？”對曰：“不可。郇瑕氏土薄水淺，其惡易覯。易覯則民愁，民愁則墊隘，於是乎有沉溺重膇之疾。不如新田，土厚水深，居之不疾，有汾、澮以流其惡，且民從教，十世之利也。夫山、澤、林、盬，國之寶也。國饒，則民驕佚。近寶，公室乃貧，不可謂樂。”公說，從之。夏四月丁丑，晉遷於新田。

The men of Jin discussed leaving old Jiang. The high officers all said: "We must live in the land of the Xunxia clan; it is fertile and rich and close to the salt lake, beneficial for the state and pleasing for the ruler, and cannot be lost." Han Xianzi commanded the new central army and also served as grand master of the equipage. The Marquis of Jin bowed and went in. Xianzi followed. The Marquis of Jin stood in the inner court and said to Xianzi: "What do you think?" He answered: "No. The land of the Xunxia clan has thin soil and shallow water, and filth gathers easily. When filth gathers easily, the people are distressed; when the people are distressed, they become weak and worn out, and then there are diseases of sinking and swollen feet. It is better to choose Xintian, where the soil is thick and the water is deep, where one can live without falling ill, where the Fen and Kuai rivers carry away filth, and where the people are amenable to instruction; it is a benefit for ten generations. Mountains, marshes, forests, and salt are the treasures of a state. When the state is rich, the people grow proud and idle. Near such treasures, the ducal house would instead become poor, and this cannot be called pleasing." The Marquis of Jin was pleased and agreed. In summer, on the dingchou day of the fourth month, Jin moved to Xintian.

六月，鄭悼公卒。

In the sixth month, Duke Dao of Zheng died.

子叔聲伯如晉。命伐宋。

Zishu Shengbo went to Jin. He received orders to attack Song.

秋，孟獻子、叔孫宣伯侵宋，晉命也。

In autumn, Meng Xianzi and Shusun Xuanbo raided Song, on the order of Jin.

楚子重伐鄭，鄭從晉故也。

Zi Zhong of Chu attacked Zheng, because Zheng had followed Jin.

冬，季文子如晉，賀遷也。

In winter, Ji Wenzi went to Jin, to congratulate it on the move of the capital.

晉欒書救鄭，與楚師遇於繞角。楚師還，晉師遂侵蔡。楚公子申、公子成以申、息之師救蔡，御諸桑隧。趙同、趙括欲戰，請於武子，武子將許之。知莊子、範文子、韓獻子諫曰：“不可。吾來救鄭，楚師去我，吾遂至於此，是遷戮也。

Luan Shu of Jin rescued Zheng, and met the army of Chu at Raojiao. The army of Chu went back, and the army of Jin then raided Cai. Prince Shen and Prince Cheng of Chu led the armies of Shen and Xi to rescue Cai, and resisted at Sangsui. Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo wished to give battle and asked Wuzi, who was about to agree. Zhi Zhuangzi, Fan Wenzi, and Han Xianzi remonstrated: "No. We came to rescue Zheng, and when the army of Chu left us, we then came here; this is moving the killing elsewhere.

戮而不已，又怒楚師，戰必不克。雖克，不令。成師以出，而敗楚之二縣，何榮之有焉？若不能敗，為辱已甚，不如還也。”乃遂還。

(The three continued:) Killing without end and further angering the army of Chu, we will surely not win in battle. Even if we win, it is not admirable. To lead out the army and only defeat two counties of Chu, what glory is there? If we cannot defeat them, the disgrace is already too great; better to go back." So they went back.

於是，軍帥之慾戰者眾，或謂欒武子曰：“聖人與眾同欲，是以濟事。子盍從眾？子為大政，將酌於民者也。子之佐十一人，其不欲戰者，三人而已。欲戰者可謂眾矣。《商書》曰：‘三人占，從二人。’眾故也。”武子曰：“善鈞，從眾。夫善，眾之主也。三卿為主，可謂眾矣。從之，不亦可乎？”

At that time, there were many among the army commanders who wished to give battle, and someone said to Luan Wuzi: "The sage and the multitude share the same wishes, and so can accomplish things. Why do you not follow the multitude? You are in charge of great government, and must weigh the people's wishes. Of your eleven assistants, only three do not want to fight. Those who want to fight can be said to be the multitude. The Book of Shang says: 'Three people divine, follow the two.' This is because of the greater number." Wuzi said: "Only when the good are equal does one follow the multitude. The good are the leaders of the multitude. When the three ministers are the leaders, they can be said to be the multitude. Is it not also acceptable to follow them?"

【經】七年春王正月，鼷鼠食郊牛角，改卜牛。鼷鼠又食其角，乃免牛。吳伐郯。夏五月，曹伯來朝。不郊，猶三望。秋，楚公子嬰齊帥師伐鄭。公會晉侯、齊侯、宋公、衛侯、曹伯、莒子、邾子、杞伯救鄭。八月戊辰，同盟於馬陵。公至自會。吳入州來。冬，大雩。衛孫林父出奔晉。

[Classic] In the spring of the seventh year, in the first month by the Zhou calendar, a field mouse gnawed the horn of the ox for the suburban sacrifice, and another ox was chosen by divination. The field mouse gnawed its horn again, and so that ox was spared. Wu attacked Tan. In summer, in the fifth month, the Earl of Cao came to court. The suburban sacrifice was not held, but the three Wang sacrifices were still held. In autumn, Prince Yingqi of Chu led an army to attack Zheng. Duke Cheng joined the Marquis of Jin, the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Cao, the Viscount of Ju, the Viscount of Zhu, and the Earl of Qi in rescuing Zheng. On the wuchen day of the eighth month, a covenant was made together at Maling. Duke Cheng returned from the meeting. The men of Wu entered Zhoulai. In winter, the great rain sacrifice was held. Sun Linfu of Wei fled to Jin.

【傳】七年春，吳伐郯，郯成。季文子曰：“中國不振旅，蠻夷入伐，而莫之或恤，無吊者也夫！《詩》曰：‘不弔昊天，亂靡有定。’其此之謂乎！有上不弔，其誰不受亂？吾亡無日矣！”君子曰：“如懼如是，斯不亡矣。”

[Commentary] In the spring of the seventh year, Wu attacked Tan, and Tan made peace. Ji Wenzi said: "The Chinese states of the central plain do not put their armies in order, and the barbarians come in to attack, and no one is concerned; there must be no one left to offer condolence! The Odes say: 'Heaven that does not console, disorder has no settlement.' It must speak of this! Those above do not console; who can avoid disorder? Our destruction is only a few days away!" The gentleman said: "With such fear, they will not perish."

鄭子良相成公以如晉，見，且拜師。

Zi Liang of Zheng assisted Duke Cheng in the ceremony in going to Jin; he had an audience and also gave thanks for the dispatch of troops.

夏，曹宣公來朝。

In summer, Duke Xuan of Cao came to court.

秋，楚子重伐鄭，師於汜。諸侯救鄭。鄭共仲、侯羽軍楚師，囚鄖公鍾儀，獻諸晉。

In autumn, Zi Zhong of Chu attacked Zheng and encamped at Fan. The feudal lords rescued Zheng. Gong Zhong and Hou Yu of Zheng surrounded the army of Chu and seized Zhong Yi, Duke of Yun, and presented him to Jin.

八月，同盟於馬陵，尋蟲牢之盟，且莒服故也。

In the eighth month, a covenant was made together at Maling, to renew the covenant of Chonglao and also because Ju had submitted.

晉人以鍾儀歸，囚諸軍府。

The men of Jin took Zhong Yi back and held him in the army treasury.

楚圍宋之役，師還，子重請取於申、呂以為賞田，王許之。申公巫臣曰：“不可。此申、呂所以邑也，是以為賦，以御北方。若取之，是無申、呂也。晉、鄭必至於漢。”王乃止。子重是以怨巫臣。子反欲取夏姬，巫臣止之，遂取以行，子反亦怨之。及共王即位，子重、子反殺巫臣之族子閻、子蕩及清尹弗忌及襄老之子黑要，而分其室。子重取子閻之室，使沈尹與王子罷分子蕩之室，子反取黑要與清尹之室。巫臣自晉遺二子書，曰：“爾以讒慝貪婪事君，而多殺不辜。餘必使爾罷於奔命以死。”

In the campaign of Chu's siege of Song, when the army returned, Zi Zhong asked to take part of Shen and Lu as reward land, and the King of Chu agreed. Wuchen, Duke of Shen, said: "No. This is what Shen and Lu rely on to be towns, using it to provide military levies to resist the north. If it is taken away, there will be no Shen and Lu. Jin and Zheng will surely reach the Han River." The King of Chu then stopped. Zi Zhong resented Wuchen for this. Zi Fan wished to marry Xia Ji, and Wuchen prevented it, and later left with her, so Zi Fan resented him too. When King Gong took the throne, Zi Zhong and Zi Fan killed Wuchen's clansmen Zi Yan, Zi Dang, and Qingyin Fuji, and Heiyao, son of Xianglao, and divided their households. Zi Zhong took Zi Yan's household, had Shenyin and Prince Ba divide Zi Dang's household, and Zi Fan took the households of Heiyao and Qingyin. Wuchen wrote from Jin to these two men: "You serve your ruler with slander and greed, and kill many innocent people. I will surely make you die of exhausting yourselves running from one crisis to another."

巫臣請使於吳，晉侯許之。吳子壽夢說之。乃通吳於晉。以兩之一卒適吳，舍偏兩之一焉。與其射御，教吳乘車，教之戰陳，教之叛楚。置其子狐庸焉，使為行人於吳。吳始伐楚，伐巢、伐徐。子重奔命。馬陵之會，吳入州來。子重自鄭奔命。子重、子反於是乎一歲七奔命。蠻夷屬於楚者，吳盡取之，是以始大，通吳於上國。

Wuchen asked to go on a mission to Wu, and the Marquis of Jin agreed. Shoumeng, Viscount of Wu, liked him. So he made Wu and Jin communicate. He took one company out of two flank units to Wu, leaving one flank unit of the two. He gave them archers and charioteers, taught the men of Wu to ride in war chariots, taught them battle formations, and taught them to turn against Chu. He placed his son Huyong there, making him an envoy in Wu. Wu began attacking Chu, attacking Chao and Xu. Zi Zhong ran to deal with the emergencies. At the meeting at Maling, the men of Wu entered Zhoulai. Zi Zhong ran from Zheng to deal with the emergency. Zi Zhong and Zi Fan, for this reason, ran to emergencies seven times in one year. All the barbarian tribes that belonged to Chu were taken by Wu, and so it began to grow strong and had exchanges with the central states.

衛定公惡孫林父。冬，孫林父出奔晉。衛侯如晉，晉反戚焉。

Duke Ding of Wei hated Sun Linfu. In winter, Sun Linfu fled to Jin. The Marquis of Wei went to Jin, and Jin returned Qi to him.

【經】八年春，晉侯使韓穿來言汶陽之田，歸之於齊。晉欒書帥師侵蔡。公孫嬰齊如莒。宋公使華元來聘。夏，宋公使公孫壽來納幣。晉殺其大夫趙同、趙括。秋七月，天子使召伯來賜公命。冬十月癸卯，杞叔姬卒。晉侯使士燮來聘。

[Classic] In the spring of the eighth year, the Marquis of Jin sent Han Chuan to discuss the fields north of the Wen River, which were returned to Qi. Luan Shu of Jin led an army to raid Cai. Gongsun Yingqi went to Ju. The Duke of Song sent Hua Yuan on a friendly visit. In summer, the Duke of Song sent Gongsun Shou to deliver betrothal gifts. Jin killed its high officers Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo. In autumn, in the seventh month, the Son of Heaven sent Shao Bo to bestow ceremonial robes on Duke Cheng. In winter, on the guimao day of the tenth month, Shu Ji of Qi died. The Marquis of Jin sent Shi Xie on a friendly visit.

叔孫僑如會晉士燮、齊人、邾人代郯。衛人來媵。

Shusun Qiaoru joined Shi Xie of Jin, the men of Qi, and the men of Zhu in attacking Tan. (The base text has "dai Tan" here, which means "attack Tan".) The men of Wei came to escort concubines who accompanied the bride.

【傳】八年春，晉侯使韓穿來言汶陽之田，歸之於齊。季文子餞之，私焉，曰：“大國制義以為盟主，是以諸侯懷德畏討，無有貳心。謂汶陽之田，敝邑之舊也，而用師於齊，使歸諸敝邑。今有二命曰：‘歸諸齊。’信以行義，義以成命，小國所望而懷也。信不可知，義無所立，四方諸侯，其誰不解體？《詩》曰：‘女也不爽，士貳其行。士也罔極，二三其德。’七年之中，一與一奪，二三孰甚焉！士之二三，猶喪妃耦，而況霸主？霸主將德是以，而二三之，其何以長有諸侯乎？《詩》曰：‘猶之未遠，是用大簡。’行父懼晉之不遠猶而失諸侯也，是以敢私言之。”

[Commentary] In the spring of the eighth year, the Marquis of Jin sent Han Chuan to discuss the fields north of the Wen River, which were returned to Qi. Ji Wenzi saw him off and said privately: "A great state decides by righteousness in order to be leader of the covenant, and so the feudal lords cherish its virtue and fear its punishment, and have no divided heart. It was said that the fields north of the Wen River were our humble town's of old, and force was used against Qi so that they would be returned to our town. Now there is a second order saying: 'Return them to Qi.' Good faith is used to carry out righteousness, and righteousness is used to complete commands; this is what small states hope for and cherish. If good faith cannot be known and righteousness has no footing, among the feudal lords of the four quarters, whose heart will not scatter? The Odes say: 'The woman has no fault, but the man's conduct is double. The man has no standard, and his virtue wavers back and forth.' Within seven years, first given and then taken away; is there anything more wavering than this? Even a scholar who wavers loses his spouse, how much more a hegemon? A hegemon is to rely on virtue, yet if he wavers, how will he long keep the feudal lords? The Odes say: 'The plan is not far-reaching, and so I remonstrate with all my strength.' Xingfu fears that Jin's plans are not far-reaching and that it will lose the feudal lords, and so dares to say this privately."

晉欒書侵蔡，遂侵楚，獲申驪。楚師之還也，晉侵沈，獲沈子揖初，從知、範、韓也。君子曰：“從善如流，宜哉！《詩》曰：‘愷悌君子，遐不作人。’求善也夫！作人，斯有功績矣。”是行也，鄭伯將會晉師，門於許東門，大獲焉。

Luan Shu of Jin invaded Cai, and then invaded Chu, and captured Shen Li. When the Chu army had gone back, Jin invaded Shen and captured Yi Chu, Viscount of Shen, following the advice of Zhi, Fan, and Han. The gentleman said, "To follow what is good as water flows is only right! The Odes say: 'The joyful and easy-going gentleman, how could he fail to cultivate talent?' This is seeking the good! To cultivate talent, this is merit." On this campaign, the Earl of Zheng was about to meet the Jin army, attacked the east gate of Xu, and took many captives.

聲伯如莒，逆也。

Sheng Bo went to Ju to welcome the lady.

宋華元來聘，聘共姬也。

Hua Yuan of Song came on a mission to deliver the betrothal gifts for Gong Ji.

夏，宋公使公孫壽來納幣，禮也。

In summer, the Duke of Song sent Gongsun Shou to bring betrothal gifts, which accorded with ritual.

晉趙莊姬為趙嬰之亡故，譖之於晉侯，曰：“原、屏將為亂。”欒、郤為徵。

Zhao Zhuangji of Jin, because of Zhao Ying's flight, slandered them to the Marquis of Jin, saying, "Yuan and Ping are about to make rebellion." The Luan and Xi clans bore witness.

六月，晉討趙同、趙括。武從姬氏畜於公宮。以其田與祁奚。韓厥言於晉侯曰：“成季之勳，宣孟之忠，而無後，為善者其懼矣。三代之令王，皆數百年保天之祿。夫豈無闢王，賴前哲以免也。《周書》曰：‘不敢侮鰥寡。’所以明德也。”

In the sixth month, Jin punished Zhao Tong and Zhao Kuo. Zhao Wu was raised in the ducal palace with Lady Ji. Their fields were given to Qi Xi. Han Jue said to the Marquis of Jin, "Chengji's merit and Xuanmeng's loyalty have left no heir; those who do good will probably be afraid. The good kings of the Three Dynasties each held Heaven's blessing for hundreds of years. Surely it was not that there were no depraved kings; they were saved from destruction by the sages of earlier generations. The Book of Zhou says: 'Do not dare to wrong widowers and widows.' This is how virtue is made manifest."

乃立武，而反其田焉。

So he installed Zhao Wu and returned his fields.

秋，召桓公來賜公命。

In autumn, Duke Huan of Shao came to confer the ceremonial garments on Duke Cheng.

晉侯使申公巫臣如吳，假道於莒。與渠丘公立於池上，曰：“城已惡！”莒子曰：“闢陋在夷，其孰以我為虞？”對曰：“夫狡焉思啟封疆以利社稷者，何國蔑有？唯然，故多大國矣，唯或思或縱也。勇夫重閉，況國乎？”冬，杞叔姬卒。來歸自杞，故書。

The Marquis of Jin sent Wuchen, Lord of Shen, to Wu, borrowing a passage through Ju. Standing with the Duke of Quqiu on the moat, he said, "The wall is already ruined!" The Viscount of Ju said, "We are remote and humble among the Yi; who would take us as an object of scheming?" He replied, "There are those who cunningly want to open up territory for the benefit of their state; which state does not have them? It is because of this that great states are many; the only difference is that some are on guard and some are careless. A brave man still bars his gates layer upon layer; how much more should a state?" In winter, Shu Ji of Ji died. She had returned from Ji, and so the Spring and Autumn records it.

晉士燮來聘，言伐郯也，以其事吳故。公賂之，請緩師，文子不可，曰：“君命無貳，失信不立。禮無加貨，事無二成。君後諸侯，是寡君不得事君也。

Shi Xie of Jin came on a mission and spoke of attacking Tan, because it served Wu. Duke Cheng gave him goods and asked to delay the army's departure, but Wenzi did not agree, saying, "The ruler's command has no doubleness, and if one loses good faith one cannot stand. Ritual has no extra goods, and affairs do not have two successes. If Your Lordship falls behind the other lords, it means our humble ruler cannot serve Your Lordship.

燮將復之。”季孫懼，使宣伯帥師會伐郯。

(Shi Xie continued:) I shall report back in this way." Ji Sun was afraid and sent Xuan Bo to lead troops to join the attack on Tan.

衛人來媵共姬，禮也。凡諸侯嫁女，同姓媵之，異姓則否。

The men of Wei came to accompany Gong Ji with secondary wives, which accorded with ritual. Whenever a feudal lord marries off a daughter, states of the same surname send secondary wives, and those of a different surname do not.