Duke Zhao (First to Thirty-second Year)

宋皇瑗之子麇，有友曰田丙，而奪其兄阝般邑以與之。酁般慍而行，告桓司馬之臣子儀克。子儀克適宋，告夫人曰：“麇將納桓氏。”公問諸子仲。初，仲將以杞姒之子非我為子。曰：“必立伯也，是良材。”子仲怒，弗從，故對曰：“右師則老矣，不識麇也。”公執之。皇瑗奔晉，召之。

Mi, son of Huang Yuan of Song, had a friend named Tian Bing, and took away his elder brother Jiu Ban's city (the character for the name is damaged in the original) and gave it to Tian Bing. Jiu Ban left in anger and told Zi Yike, a retainer of Huan Sima. Zi Yike went to Song and told the consort: "Mi is about to take in the Huan clan." Duke Ai asked Zizhong. Earlier, Zhong wished to make Fei Wo, son of Si of Qi, his successor, saying: "We must install Bo; he is good material." Zizhong was angry and did not follow, so he answered: "The Right Master is old and does not know Mi." Duke Ai seized him. Huang Yuan fled to Jin, and then was summoned back.

【傳】十八年春，宋殺皇瑗。公聞其情，復皇氏之族，使皇緩為右師。

[Commentary] In the eighteenth year, in spring, Song killed Huang Yuan. Duke Ai heard the truth and restored the Huang clan's kin and made Huang Huan the Right Master.

巴人伐楚，圍鄾。初，右司馬子國之卜也，觀瞻曰：“如志。”故命之。及巴師至，將卜帥。王曰：“寧如志，何卜焉？”使帥師而行。請承，王曰：“寢尹、工尹，勤先君者也。”三月，楚公孫寧、吳由於、薳固敗巴師於鄾，故封子國於析。君子曰：“惠王知志。《夏書》曰‘官占，唯能蔽志，昆命於元龜。’其是之謂乎！《志》曰：‘聖人不煩卜筮。’惠王其有焉！”夏，衛石圃逐其君起，起奔齊。衛侯輒自齊復歸，逐石圃，而復石魋與大叔遺。

The people of Ba attacked Chu and besieged You. Earlier, You Sima Zi Guo divined, and Guan Zhan said: "As you wish." So he was appointed. When the Ba army arrived, they were about to divine for a commander. The King of Chu said: "It has already been as wished, so why divine again?" He had him lead the troops out. He asked for an assistant, and the King of Chu said: "The Qin Yin and the Gong Yin were both men who labored for the former ruler." In the third month, Gongsun Ning, Wu Youyu, and Wei Gu of Chu defeated the Ba army at You, and so Xi was granted to Zi Guo. The gentleman said: "King Hui knew his aims. The Book of Xia says: 'Official divination can decide aims, and only afterwards is the great tortoise consulted.' This is what is meant! The Records say: 'The sage does not trouble to divine.' King Hui probably had this virtue!" In summer, Shi Pu of Wei drove out his ruler Qi, and Qi fled to Qi. The Marquis Zhe of Wei returned from Qi, drove out Shi Pu, and restored Shi Tui and Taishu Yi.

【傳】十九年春，越人侵楚，以誤吳也。夏，楚公子慶、公孫寬追越師，至冥，不及，乃還。

[Commentary] In the nineteenth year, in spring, the people of Yue raided Chu, in order to deceive Wu. In summer, Prince Qing and Gongsun Kuan of Chu pursued the Yue army, reached Ming, did not catch up, and turned back.

秋，楚沈諸梁伐東夷，三夷男女及楚師盟於敖。

In autumn, Shen Zhuliang of Chu attacked the Eastern Yi, and the men and women of the three Yi made a covenant with the Chu army at Ao.

冬，叔青如京師，敬王崩故也。

In winter, Shu Qing went to the capital because King Jing had died.

【傳】二十年春，齊人來徵會。夏，會於廩丘。為鄭故，謀伐晉。鄭人辭諸侯，秋，師還。

[Commentary] In the twentieth year, in spring, the people of Qi came to summon us to a meeting. In summer, a meeting was held at Linqiu. Because of Zheng, they planned to attack Jin. The people of Zheng made excuses to the feudal lords, and in autumn the troops went back.

吳公子慶忌驟諫吳子，曰：“不改，必亡。”弗聽。出居於艾，遂適楚。聞越將伐吳，冬，請歸平越，遂歸。欲除不忠者以說于越，吳人殺之。

Prince Qingji of Wu repeatedly remonstrated with the Viscount of Wu, saying: "If you do not change, you will surely perish." He did not listen. He went to live at Ai, and then went to Chu. Hearing that Yue was about to attack Wu, in winter he asked to return and make peace with Yue, and so returned to the state. He wished to remove the disloyal in order to please Yue, but the people of Wu killed him.

十一月，越圍吳。趙孟降於喪食。楚隆曰：“三年之喪，親暱之極也。主又降之，無乃有故乎！”趙孟曰：“黃池之役，先主與吳王有質，曰：‘好惡同之。’今越圍吳，嗣子不廢舊業而敵之，非晉之所能及也，吾是以為降。”楚隆曰：“若使吳王知之，若何？”趙孟曰：“可乎？”隆曰：“請嘗之。”乃往。先造于越軍，曰：“吳犯間上國多矣，聞君親討焉，諸夏之人莫不欣喜，唯恐君志之不從。請入視之。”許之。告於吳王曰：“寡君之老無恤，使陪臣隆敢展謝其不共。黃池之役，君之先臣志父得承齊盟，曰：‘好惡同之。’今君在難，無恤不敢憚勞。非晉國之所能及也，使陪臣敢展布之。”王拜稽首曰：“寡人不佞，不能事越，以為大夫憂，拜命之辱。”與之一簞珠，使問趙孟，曰：“句踐將生憂寡人，寡人死之不得矣。”王曰：“溺人必笑，吾將有問也，史黯何以得為君子？”對曰：“黯也進不見惡，退無謗言。”王曰：“宜哉。”

In the eleventh month, Yue besieged Wu. Zhao Meng lowered his mourning diet even further. Chu Long said: "The three-year mourning is the height of intimacy. If the master lowers the grade, I fear there is a reason!" Zhao Meng said: "At the battle of Huangchi, my former lord had a sworn agreement with the King of Wu, saying: 'Likes and dislikes the same.' Now Yue besieges Wu, and the heir does not abandon the old enterprise and goes to resist the enemy, which Jin cannot do; therefore I lower the grade." Chu Long said: "If we let the King of Wu know, how would that be?" Zhao Meng said: "Can it be done?" Long said: "Let me try." So he went. First he came to the Yue army and said: "Wu has invaded and caused division in the central states many times, and when we heard that your ruler was attacking in person, none among the Chinese states was not pleased, though I fear your ruler's aim cannot be fulfilled. Please let me go in and take a look." It was permitted. He told the King of Wu: "My ruler's old minister Wuxu sent his subordinate Long to apologize for not giving aid. At the battle of Huangchi, your former minister Zhifu was allowed to take part in the covenant of Qi, saying: 'Likes and dislikes the same.' Now you are in danger, and Wuxu does not dare to fear toil. It is not something Jin can do, and he has sent his subordinate to state this respectfully." The King of Wu bowed and kowtowed and said: "I am untalented and could not serve Yue, and have become a worry to the grandee; I thank you for the humiliating command." He gave him a basket of pearls and had him send greetings to Zhao Meng, saying: "Goujian will keep me alive to torment me, and I cannot even seek death." The King of Wu said: "A man who is about to drown will still laugh; I have a question: by what did Shi An become a gentleman?" He answered: "When An was in office he was not disliked, and when he withdrew there was no slander." The King of Wu said: "So it should be."

【傳】二十一年夏五月，越人始來。

[Commentary] In the twenty-first year, in summer, in the fifth month, the people of Yue first came.

秋八月，公及齊侯、邾子盟於顧。齊有責稽首，因歌之曰：“魯人之皋，數年不覺，使我高蹈。唯其儒書。以為二國憂。”

In autumn, in the eighth month, Duke Ai made a covenant with the Marquis of Qi and the Viscount of Zhu at Gu. Someone in Qi blamed the matter of the kowtow, and so sang: "The fault of the people of Lu, for years they have not awakened, driving us to come from far. It is only because of their Confucian books that it has become a worry for two states."

是行也，公先至於陽穀。齊閭丘息曰：“君辱舉玉趾，以在寡君之軍。群臣將傳遽以告寡君，比其復也，君無乃勤。為僕人之未次，請除館於舟道。”辭曰：“敢勤僕人？”

On this trip, Duke Ai first came to Yanggu. Lüqiu Xi of Qi said: "Thank you for troubling your jade feet to console my ruler's army. My ministers will use the post relay to report to my ruler, and by the time the reply comes, I fear you will be weary. Because the servants have not yet arranged lodgings, please clear lodgings at the boat landing." He declined: "How dare I trouble the servants?"

【傳】二十二年夏四月，邾隱公自齊奔越，曰：“吳為無道，執父立子。”

[Commentary] In the twenty-second year, in summer, in the fourth month, Duke Yin of Zhu fled from Qi to Yue, saying: "Wu is without the Way, seizing the father and installing the son."

越人歸之，大子革奔越。

The people of Yue sent him back, and Ge, the heir, fled to Yue.

冬十一月丁卯，越滅吳。請使吳王居甬東，辭曰：“孤老矣，焉能事君？”乃縊。越人以歸。

In winter, on the day dingmao of the eleventh month, Yue destroyed Wu. They asked that the King of Wu live at Yongdong, and he declined, saying: "I am already old; how can I still serve you?" So he hanged himself. The people of Yue took his corpse back.

【傳】二十三年春，宋景曹卒。季康子使冉有吊，且送葬，曰：“敝邑有社稷之事，使肥與有職競焉，是以不得助執紼，使求從輿人。曰：‘以肥之得備彌甥也，有不腆先人之產馬，使求薦諸夫人之宰，其可以稱旌繁乎？’”夏六月，晉荀瑤伐齊。高無丕帥師御之。知伯視齊師，馬駭，遂驅之，曰：“齊人知餘旗，其謂餘畏而反也。”乃壘而還。將戰，長武子請卜。知伯曰：“君告於天子，而卜之以守龜於宗祧，吉矣，吾又何卜焉？且齊人取我英丘，君命瑤，非敢耀武也，治英丘也。以辭伐罪足矣，何必卜？”壬辰，戰於犁丘。齊師敗績，知伯親禽顏庚。

[Commentary] In the twenty-third year, in spring, Jing Cao of Song died. Ji Kangzi sent Ran You to offer condolences and also to see off the burial, saying: "My humble town has affairs of the altars, and Fei has official duties competing for his running about, and so could not help pull the funeral rope, so he sent Qiu to follow the carriage-men. He said: 'Because Fei is allowed to serve as a distant nephew, there are horses bred by his unworthy ancestors, and he sent Qiu to present them to the lady's steward; perhaps they may suit the flags and ornaments?'" In summer, in the sixth month, Xun Yao of Jin attacked Qi. Gao Wupi led troops to resist. Zhi Bo observed the Qi army, and his horse took fright, and he spurred forward, saying: "The people of Qi know my banner and may say that I feared and turned back." So he built a camp and returned. As they were about to fight, Zhangwuzi asked to divine. Zhi Bo said: "The ruler has already reported to the Son of Heaven and divined with the tortoise in the ancestral temple, and it was auspicious; why should I divine again? Moreover the people of Qi seized our Yingqiu, and the ruler ordered Yao, not daring to show off military force, in order to put Yingqiu in order. To attack the guilty by proclamation is enough; why divine?" On the day renchen, they fought at Liqiu. The Qi army was greatly defeated, and Zhi Bo himself captured Yan Geng.

秋八月，叔青如越，始使越也。越諸鞅來聘，報叔青也。

In autumn, in the eighth month, Shu Qing went to Yue, which was the first mission to Yue. Zhu Yang of Yue came on a visit of courtesy in return to Shu Qing.

【傳】二十四年夏四月，晉侯將伐齊，使來乞師，曰：“昔臧文仲以楚師伐齊，取谷。宣叔以晉師伐齊，取汶陽。寡君欲徼福於周公，願乞靈於臧氏。”臧石帥師會之，取廩丘。軍吏令繕，將進。萊章曰：“君卑政暴，往歲克敵，今又勝都。天奉多矣，又焉能進？是躗言也。役將班矣！”晉師乃還。餼臧石牛，大史謝之，曰：“以寡君之在行，牢禮不度，敢展謝之。”

[Commentary] In the twenty-fourth year, in summer, in the fourth month, the Marquis of Jin was about to attack Qi and sent men to ask for troops, saying: "In the past Zang Wenzhong used the army of Chu to attack Qi and took Gu. Xuan Shu used the army of Jin to attack Qi and took Wenyang. My ruler wishes to seek blessings from the Duke of Zhou and hopes to borrow the spirit of the Zang clan." Zang Shi led troops to join and took Linqiu. The army officers ordered the repair of weapons and were about to advance. Lai Zhang said: "The ruler's rank is low and his government cruel; last year he beat the enemy, and now he has overcome a city again. Heaven has already given much; how can we advance further? This is a false report. The war is about to end!" The Jin army then withdrew. They feasted Zang Shi with a live ox, and the Grand Scribe apologized, saying: "Because my ruler is on the march, the feast was not up to proper form; we respectfully apologize."

邾子又無道，越人執之以歸，而立公子何。何亦無道。

The Viscount of Zhu was again without the Way, and the people of Yue seized him and took him back, and installed Prince He. He too was without the Way.

公子荊之母嬖，將以為夫人，使宗人釁夏獻其禮。對曰：“無之。”公怒曰：“女為宗司，立夫人，國之大禮也，何故無之？”對曰：“周公及武公娶於薛，孝、惠娶於商，自桓以下娶於齊，此禮也則有。若以妾為夫人，則固無其禮也。”

The mother of Prince Jing was favored and was to be installed as consort, and Xin Xia, a clan official, was ordered to present the ritual procedures. He answered: "There is no such ritual." Duke Ai was angry and said: "You are the clan director, and installing a consort is a great ritual of the state; why do you say there is none?" He answered: "The Duke of Zhou and Duke Wu married from Xue, Duke Xiao and Duke Hui married from Shang, and from Duke Huan down they married from Qi; such rituals do exist. But if a concubine is made consort, there was never such a ritual."

公卒立之，而以荊為大子。國人始惡之。

In the end Duke Ai installed her and also installed Jing as heir. The people of the state began to dislike him.

閏月，公如越，得大子適郢，將妻公，而多與之地。公孫有山使告於季孫，季孫懼，使因大宰嚭而納賂焉，乃止。

In the intercalary month, Duke Ai went to Yue and won the favor of Shiying, heir of Yue, and the King of Yue wished to marry his daughter to Duke Ai and to give him much land. Gongsun Youshan sent men to tell Ji Sun, and Ji Sun was afraid and sent bribes through the Grand Steward Pi, and so it was dropped.

【傳】二十五年夏五月庚辰，衛侯出奔宋。衛侯為靈臺於藉圃，與諸大夫飲酒焉。褚師聲子襪而登席，公怒，辭曰：“臣有疾，異於人。若見之，君將之，是以不敢。”公愈怒，大夫辭之，不可。褚師出，公戟其手，曰：“必斷而足。”聞之，褚師與司寇亥乘，曰：“今日幸而後亡。”公之入也，奪南氏邑，而奪司寇亥政。公使侍人納公文懿子之車於池。

[Commentary] In the twenty-fifth year, in summer, in the fifth month, on the day gengchen, the Marquis of Wei fled to Song. The Marquis of Wei had built the Lingtai terrace at Jipu and was drinking there with the grandees. Chushi Shengzi climbed onto the mat in his socks, and the Marquis of Wei grew angry. He explained: “Your servant has an illness and is different from others. If you saw it, my lord, you would vomit, and so I dared not take them off.” The Marquis of Wei grew even angrier. The grandees explained for him, but he did not allow it. When Chushi went out, the Marquis of Wei held his hand like a halberd and said: “I will certainly cut off your feet.” Chushi heard of this and rode in a chariot together with Sikou Hai, saying: “Today we are lucky to be able to escape.” When the Marquis of Wei returned to the state, he seized the cities of the Nan clan and also took away Sikou Hai's government duties. The Marquis of Wei had his attendants push the carriage of Gongwen Yizi into the pond.

初，衛人翦夏丁氏，以其帑賜彭封彌子。彌子飲公酒，納夏戊之女，嬖，以為夫人。其弟期，大叔疾之從孫甥也，少畜於公，以為司徒。夫人寵衰，期得罪。

Earlier, the men of Wei had wiped out the Xia Ding clan and given his wife and property to Peng Feng Mizi. Mizi invited Duke Ai to drink and presented the daughter of Xia Wu, who became favored and was made his wife. Her younger brother Qi was a grand-nephew by sister's side of Taishu Ji and was raised in Duke Ai's household in his youth, and was made Minister of the Masses. When the lady's favor declined, Qi fell into disgrace.

公使三匠久。公使優狡盟拳彌，而甚近信之。故褚師比、公孫彌牟、公文要、司寇亥、司徒期因三匠與拳彌以作亂，皆執利兵，無者執斤。使拳彌入於公宮，而自大子疾之宮噪以攻公。鄄子士請御之。彌援其手，曰：“子則勇矣，將若君何？不見先君乎？君何所不逞欲？且君嘗在外矣，豈必不反？當今不可，眾怒難犯，休而易間也。”乃出。將適蒲，彌曰：“晉無信，不可。”將適鄄，彌曰：“齊、晉爭我，不可。”將適泠，彌曰：“魯不足與，請適城鉏以鉤越，越有君。”乃適城鋤。彌曰：“衛盜不可知也，請速，自我始。”乃載寶以歸。

Duke Ai had employed the craftsmen of three trades for a long time. Duke Ai had You Jiao make a covenant with Quan Mi and was also very close to and trusted him. So Chushi Bi, Gongsun Mimou, Gongwen Yao, Sikou Hai and Situ Qi, relying on the craftsmen of the three trades and Quan Mi, started a rebellion, all holding sharp weapons, and those without them took axes. They had Quan Mi enter the ducal palace and from the residence of Crown Prince Ji beat drums and attacked Duke Ai. Juan Zishi asked to resist. Mi held his hand and said: “You are certainly brave, but what will you do about the ruler? Have you not seen the former lord? Where can a ruler not satisfy his desires? Moreover the ruler has been abroad before; must he not be able to come back? Now it will not do; the anger of the multitude cannot be offended, and once matters have calmed it will be easy to sow division.” So he fled. When he was about to go to Pu, Mi said: “Jin has no good faith; it will not do.” When he was about to go to Juan, Mi said: “Qi and Jin are contending over us; it will not do.” When he was about to go to Ling, Mi said: “Lu is not worth allying with; please go to Chengchu to link up with Yue, which has a worthy ruler.” So he went to Chengchu. Mi said: “The bandits of Wei are unpredictable; please hurry, and start with me.” So he loaded the treasures and returned.

公為支離之卒，因祝史揮以侵衛。衛人病之。懿子知之，見子之，請逐揮。

Duke Ai formed a ragtag force, and with the help of Zhu Shi Hui he raided Wei. The men of Wei were troubled by this. Yizi found out and went to see Zizhi, asking to expel Hui.

文子曰：“無罪。”懿子曰：“彼好專利而妄。夫見君之入也，將先道焉。若逐之，必出於南門而適君所。夫越新得諸侯，將必請師焉。”揮在朝，使吏遣諸其室。揮出，信，弗內。五日，乃館諸外裡，遂有寵，使如越請師。

Wenzi said: “He has committed no crime.” Yizi said: “He likes to monopolize power and seize profit and is reckless. When he sees the ruler about to come in, he will surely go first to lead the way. If we expel him, he will surely leave by the south gate and go to the ruler. Yue has recently won the lords and will surely be asked for troops.” Hui was at court, and an official was sent to send him away from his home. After Hui went out, two nights passed and he was not allowed back in. Five days later he was allowed to stay in the outer ward, and so he became favored and was sent to Yue to ask for troops.

六月，公至自越。季康子、孟武伯逆於五梧。郭重僕，見二子，曰：“惡言多矣，君請盡之。”公宴於五梧，武伯為祝，惡郭重，曰：“何肥也！”季孫曰：“請飲彘也。以魯國之密邇仇讎，臣是以不獲從君，克免於大行，又謂重也肥。”

In the sixth month, Duke Ai returned from Yue. Ji Kangzi and Meng Wubo met him at Wuwu. Guo Zhong drove the chariot and, on seeing the two, said: “There has already been much slander; please let the ruler say it all.” Duke Ai gave a banquet at Wuwu, and Wubo gave a toast, disliking Guo Zhong, and said: “Why so fat!” Ji Sun said: “Please punish the pig by making him drink. Because Lu borders on enemies, your servant could not follow the ruler and so was spared the long journey, yet you speak of Zhong's fatness.”

公曰：“是食言多矣，能無肥乎？”飲酒不樂，公與大夫始有惡。

Duke Ai said: “This man has broken his word too many times; how could he not be fat?” The drinking was not joyful, and the duke and the grandees began to feel ill will.

【傳】二十六年夏五月，叔孫舒帥師會越皋如、後庸、宋樂茷，納衛侯。

[Commentary] In the twenty-sixth year, in summer, in the fifth month, Shusun Shu led an army joined by Gao Ru and Houyong of Yue and Yue Fa of Song to receive the Marquis of Wei.

文子欲納之，懿子曰：“君愎而虐，少待之，必毒於民，乃睦於子矣。”師侵外州，大獲。出御之，大敗。掘褚師定子之墓，焚之於平莊之上。文子使王孫齊私於皋如，曰：“子將大滅衛乎，抑納君而已乎？”皋如曰：“寡君之命無他，納衛君而已。”文子致眾而問焉，曰：“君以蠻夷伐國，國幾亡矣。請納之。”眾曰：“勿納。”曰：“彌牟亡而有益，請自北門出。”眾曰：“勿出。”重賂越人，申開守陴而納公，公不敢入。師還，立悼公，南氏相之，以城鉏與越人。公曰：“期則為此。”令苟有怨於夫人者，報之。司徒期聘于越。公攻而奪之幣。

Wenzi wanted to receive him, but Yizi said: “The ruler is stubborn and cruel; wait a little, and he will surely poison the people, and the people will then be close to you.” The Yue army invaded Waizhou and captured many people. The Wei army went out of the city to resist and was greatly defeated. They dug up the tomb of Chushi Dingzi and burned it at Pingzhuang. Wenzi sent Wangsun Qi to privately ask Gao Ru: “Do you wish to destroy Wei utterly, or only to receive the ruler?” Gao Ru said: “My lord's command is nothing else; it is only to receive the lord of Wei.” Wenzi summoned the people and asked, saying: “The ruler is leading barbarians to attack his own state, and the state is almost lost. Please let us receive him.” The people said: “Do not receive him.” He said: “If it is beneficial for Mimou to flee, please let me go out by the north gate.” The people said: “Do not go out.” He bribed the men of Yue heavily, opened the city gates wide, held the parapets, and received Duke Ai, but Duke Ai did not dare to enter. The army went back, and Duke Dao was installed, with the Nan clan assisting him, and Chengchu was given to the men of Yue. Duke Ai said: “It was Qi who did this.” He ordered that all who had grudges against the lady might take revenge. Situ Qi went to Yue on a visit. Duke Ai attacked him and seized his silks.

期告王，王命取之。期以眾取之。公怒，殺期之甥之為大子者。遂卒于越。

Qi reported to the King of Yue, who ordered it to be taken back. Qi took the multitude and took it back. Duke Ai grew angry and killed the nephew of Qi who was the crown prince. He then died in Yue.

宋景公無子，取公孫周之子得與啟，畜諸公宮，未有立焉。於是皇緩為右師，皇非我為大司馬，皇懷為司徒，靈不緩為左師，樂茷為司城，樂朱鉏為大司寇。六卿三族降聽政，因大尹以達。大尹常不告，而以其欲稱君命以令。國人惡之。司城欲去大尹，左師曰：“縱之，使盈其罪。重而無基，能無敝乎？”冬十月，公遊於空澤。辛巳，卒於連中。大尹興空澤之士千甲，奉公自空桐入，如沃宮。使召六子，曰：“聞下有師，君請六子畫。”六子至，以甲劫之，曰：“君有疾病，請二三子盟。”乃盟於少寢之庭，曰：“無為公室不利。”大尹立啟，奉喪殯於大宮。三日，而後國人知之。司城茷使宣言於國曰：“大尹惑蠱其君而專其利，今君無疾而死，死又匿之，是無他矣，大尹之罪也。”得夢啟北首而寢於盧門之外，己為鳥而集於其上，咮加於南門，尾加於桐門。曰：“餘夢美，必立。”大尹謀曰：“我不在盟，無乃逐我，復盟之乎？”使祝為載書，六子在唐盂。將盟之。祝襄以載書告皇非我，皇非我因子潞、門尹得、左師謀曰：“民與我，逐之乎？”皆歸授甲，使徇於國曰：“大尹惑蠱其君，以陵虐公室。與我者，救君者也。”眾曰：“與之。”大尹徇曰：“戴氏、皇氏將不利公室，與我者，無憂不富。”眾曰：“無別。”戴氏、皇氏欲伐公，樂得曰：“不可。彼以陵公有罪，我伐公，則甚焉。”使國人施於大尹，大尹奉啟以奔楚，乃立得。司城為上卿，盟曰：“三族共政，無相害也。”

Duke Jing of Song had no son, and raised Gongsun Zhou's sons De and Qi in the ducal palace, but had not yet chosen between them. At that time Huang Huan was Right Master, Huang Fei Wo was Grand Marshal, Huang Huai was Minister of the Masses, Ling Bu Huan was Left Master, Yue Fa was Minister of Works, and Yue Zhu Chu was Grand Minister of Crime. The six ministers and three clans jointly heard government and reported to the ruler through the Great Yin. The Great Yin often did not report but, following his own desires, falsely used the ruler's command to give orders. The people of the state hated him. The Minister of Works wanted to remove the Great Yin, but the Left Master said: “Let him be, and let his crimes fill up. With heavy power and no foundation, how could he not be ruined?” In winter, in the tenth month, Duke Jing was traveling at Kongze. On the day xinsi, he died at Lianzhong. The Great Yin mobilized a thousand armored men of Kongze and carried Duke Jing from Kongtong into the city, to the Wo Palace. He sent people to summon the six ministers, saying: “There are troops below the capital, and the ruler asks the six of you to plan.” When the six ministers arrived, the armored men threatened them, saying: “The ruler is ill; please make a covenant, gentlemen.” So they swore a covenant in the courtyard of the Lesser Chamber, saying: “Do nothing harmful to the ducal house.” The Great Yin installed Qi and laid the coffin in the Great Palace. Only after three days did the people of the state know. The Minister of Works Fa sent people to proclaim in the state: “The Great Yin has bewitched his ruler and monopolized the profit; now the ruler has died without illness, and has been concealed after death, for no other reason than the crime of the Great Yin.” De dreamed that Qi was sleeping with his head to the north outside the Lu Gate, and that he himself turned into a bird perched on him, with its beak reaching the South Gate and its tail reaching the Tong Gate. He said: “My dream is good; I will surely be installed.” The Great Yin planned: “I am not in the covenant; I fear I will be expelled. Shall we make a covenant with them again?” He had the invocator draft the covenant text, and the six ministers met at Tangyu. They were about to make the covenant. The invocator Xiang told Huang Fei Wo about the text. Huang Fei Wo planned with Zilu, Men Yin De and the Left Master: “The people are inclined toward us; shall we expel him?” They all went back and issued armor and had people go through the state announcing: “The Great Yin has bewitched his ruler and oppressed and harmed the ducal house. Those who follow us are those who save the ruler.” The multitude said: “We follow you.” The Great Yin went about announcing: “The Dai clan and the Huang clan will harm the ducal house; those who follow me need not fear not becoming rich.” The multitude said: “There is no difference.” The Dai and Huang clans wanted to attack Qi, but Yue De said: “It will not do. He is guilty because he oppressed the duke; if we attack the duke, it would be even worse.” They had the people of the state call the Great Yin to account, and the Great Yin carried Qi and fled to Chu, and so De was installed. The Minister of Works became senior minister, and the covenant said: “The three clans shall govern jointly and not harm one another.”

衛出公自城鉏使以弓問子贛，且曰：“吾其入乎？”子贛稽首受弓，對曰：“臣不識也。”私於使者曰：“昔成公孫於陳，甯武子、孫莊子為宛濮之盟而君入。獻公孫於衛齊，子鮮、子展為夷儀之盟而君入。今君再在孫矣，內不聞獻之親，外不聞成之卿，則賜不識所由入也。《詩》曰：‘無競惟人，四方其順之。’若得其人，四方以為主，而國於何有？”

Duke Chu of Wei sent someone from Chengchu with a bow to inquire after Zigong, and also said: “Will I probably be able to return to the state?” Zigong bowed his head to the ground and received the bow, and replied: “Your servant does not know.” Privately he said to the envoy: “In the past Duke Cheng fled to Chen, and Ning Wuzi and Sun Zhuangzi made the covenant of Wanpu, and the ruler was able to return. Duke Xian fled to Qi in Wei, and Zixian and Zizhan made the covenant of Yiyi, and the ruler was able to return. Now the ruler has fled again; within, I have not heard of kin like Duke Xian's, and abroad I have not heard of ministers like those in the time of Duke Cheng; so I, Ci, do not know by what he could return. The Odes say: ‘Strength lies only in gaining the right men, and the four quarters will all submit.’ If one gets such men, the four quarters will take him as their lord, and what difficulty is there in regaining the state?”

【傳】二十七年春，越子使後庸來聘，且言邾田，封於駘上。

[Commentary] In the twenty-seventh year, in spring, the Viscount of Yue sent Houyong on a visit and also spoke about the lands of Zhu, with Taishang as the boundary.

二月，盟於平陽，三子皆從。康子病之，言及子贛，曰：“若在此，吾不及此夫！”武伯曰：“然。何不召？”曰：“固將召之。”文子曰：“他日請念。”

In the second month, they made a covenant at Pingyang, and the three sons all followed. Kangzi felt ashamed of this and, speaking of Zigong, said: “If he were here, I would not have come to this!” Wubo said: “That is so. Why not summon him?” He said: “I was indeed going to summon him.” Wenzi said: “Please remember these words later.”

夏四月己亥，季康子卒。公吊焉，降禮。

In summer, in the fourth month, on the day jihai, Ji Kangzi died. Duke Ai went to offer condolences and lowered the ritual measures.

晉荀瑤帥師伐鄭，次於桐丘。鄭駟弘請救於齊。齊師將興，陳成子屬孤子，三日朝。設乘車兩馬，系五色焉。召顏涿聚之子晉，曰：“隰之役，而父死焉。

Xun Yao of Jin led an army to attack Zheng and encamped at Tongqiu. Si Hong of Zheng asked Qi for help. The Qi army was about to set out, and Chen Chengzi gathered the orphans of those who had died in the service of the state and paid court for three days in succession. He set up one carriage with two horses, tied with five-colored silk ribbons. He summoned Yan Zhuoju's son Jin and said: “At the battle of Xi, your father died there.

以國之多難，未女恤也。今君命女以是邑也，服車而朝，毋廢前勞。”乃救鄭。

(Chen Chengzi continued:) Because the state had many troubles, we did not comfort you. Now the ruler appoints you to this city; ride the carriage to court and do not abandon the earlier merit.” So he sent troops to rescue Zheng.

及留舒，違谷七里，穀人不知。及濮，雨，不涉。子思曰：“大國在敝邑之宇下，是以告急。今師不行，恐無及也。”成子衣制，杖戈，立於阪上，馬不出者，助之鞭之。知伯聞之，乃還，曰：“我卜伐鄭，不卜敵齊。”使謂成子曰：“大夫陳子，陳之自出。陳之不祀，鄭之罪也。故寡君使瑤察陳衷焉。謂大夫其恤陳乎？若利本之顛，瑤何有焉？”成子怒曰：“多陵人者皆不在，知伯其能久乎？”中行文子告成子曰：“有自晉師告寅者，將為輕車千乘，以厭齊師之門，則可盡也。”

When they reached Liushu, seven li from Gu, the men of Gu did not yet know. When they reached Pu, it rained, and they did not cross the river. Zisi said: “The great state is right under the eaves of our humble state, and so we report an emergency. Now the army does not advance; I fear it will be too late.” Chengzi, wearing a raincoat and leaning on a spear, stood on a slope, and for horses that would not come out he helped by whipping them. When Zhibo heard of it, he withdrew and said: “I divined about attacking Zheng, not about opposing Qi.” He sent someone to say to Chengzi: “The grandee Chen Zi is a branch from Chen. That Chen's sacrifices were cut off was Zheng's fault. And so my lord sent Yao to inspect the inner circumstances of Chen. May I ask whether the grandee shows concern for Chen? If one profits from the overturning of one's own root, what does Yao have to gain?” Chengzi grew angry and said: “Those who often bully others do not die well; can Zhibo last long?” Zhonghang Wenzi told Chengzi: “Someone from the Jin army told me that the Jin army will use a thousand light chariots to press on the gate of the Qi camp, and can then wipe out the Qi army cleanly.”

成子曰：“寡君命恆曰：‘無及寡，無畏眾。’雖過千乘，敢闢之乎？將以子之命告寡君。”文子曰：“吾乃今知所以亡。君子之謀也，始衷終皆舉之，而後入焉。今我三不知而入之，不亦難乎？”公患三桓之侈也，欲以諸侯去之。三桓亦患公之妄也，故君臣多間。公遊於陵阪，遇孟武伯於孟氏之衢，曰：“請有問於子，餘及死乎？”對曰：“臣無由知之。”三問，卒辭不對。公欲以越伐魯，而去三桓。秋八月甲戌，公如公孫有陘氏，因孫於邾，乃遂如越。國人施公孫有山氏。

Chengzi said: “My lord commanded Heng: ‘Do not bully those who are few, and do not fear those who are many.’ Even if the other side exceeds a thousand chariots, would I dare to avoid them? I will report your order to my lord.” Wenzi said: “Only today do I know the reason for my own ruin. A gentleman plans by considering the beginning, middle and end, and only then acts. Now I acted without knowing any of the three; is that not difficult?” Duke Ai was worried about the extravagance of the Three Huan families and wanted to rely on the lords to remove them. The Three Huan were also worried about Duke Ai's recklessness, and so there were many rifts between ruler and ministers. Duke Ai was traveling at Lingban and met Meng Wubo at the crossroads of the Meng clan, and said: “May I ask you one thing: will I still be in time at my death?” He replied: “Your servant has no way of knowing.” He asked three times, and in the end he declined to answer. Duke Ai wanted to rely on Yue to attack Lu and remove the Three Huan. In autumn, in the eighth month, on the day jiaxu, Duke Ai went to the house of Gongsun You Jing and then fled to Zhu, and from there went to Yue. The people of the state called the Gongsun You Shan clan to account.

悼之四年，晉荀瑤帥師圍鄭。未至，鄭駟弘曰：“知伯愎而好勝，早下之，則可行也。”乃先保南里以待之。知伯入南里，門於桔柣之門。鄭人俘酅魁壘，賂之以知政，閉其口而死。將門，知伯謂趙孟：“入之。”對曰：“主在此。”

In the fourth year of Duke Dao, Xun Yao of Jin led an army to besiege Zheng. Before he arrived, Si Hong of Zheng said: “Zhibo is stubborn and loves to win; if we yield to him early, we can make him leave.” So they first held Nanli and waited. Zhibo entered Nanli and attacked the Juzhi Gate. The men of Zheng captured Xi Kuilei and tried to lure him into surrender by offering him a role in the government of the state, but he shut his mouth and died. When they were about to attack the gate, Zhibo said to Zhao Meng: “Go in.” He replied: “The master is here.”

知伯曰：“惡而無勇，何以為子？”對曰：“以能忍恥，庶無害趙宗乎！”知怕不悛，趙襄子由是惎知伯，遂喪之。知伯貪而愎，故韓、魏反而喪之。

Zhibo said: “Ugly in appearance and without courage, on what grounds were you established as heir?” He replied: “Because I can bear humiliation, and perhaps I will not harm the Zhao clan!” Zhi Bo did not change (the base text has a variant for “Bo”, which from context is Zhibo), and Zhao Xiangzi therefore resented Zhibo (the character is perhaps to be read “ji,” to hate), and in the end brought about his ruin. Zhibo was greedy and stubborn, and so Han and Wei turned on him and destroyed him.