Duke Wen (Years 1 to 18)

鄋瞞侵齊。遂伐我。公卜使叔孫得臣追之，吉。侯叔夏御莊叔，綿房甥為右，富父終甥駟乘。冬十月甲午，敗狄於鹹，獲長狄僑如。富父終甥摏其喉以戈，殺之，埋其首於子駒之門，以命宣伯。

The Sou Man raided Qi and then attacked our state. Duke Wen divined about sending Shu Sun Dechen in pursuit, and the omen was auspicious. Hou Shuxia drove the chariot for Zhuang Shu, Mian Fangsheng was the spearman on the right, and Fufu Zhongsheng was the fourth man in the chariot. In winter, on the jiawu day of the tenth month, they defeated the Di at Xian and captured the tall Di, Qiaoru. Fufu Zhongsheng struck his throat with a dagger-axe and killed him, and buried his head at the Zijü Gate; Xuan Bo was named after him.

初，宋武公之世，鄋瞞伐宋，司徒皇父帥師御之，耏班御皇父充石，公子谷甥為右，司寇牛父駟乘，以敗狄於長丘，獲長狄緣斯，皇父之二子死焉。宋公於是以門賞耏班，使食其徵，謂之耏門。晉之滅潞也，獲僑如之弟焚如。

Earlier, in the time of Duke Wu of Song, the Sou Man attacked Song, and the Minister of the Masses, Huangfu, led troops to resist them. Zhuo Ban drove the chariot for Huangfu Chongshi, Prince Gusheng was the spearman on the right, and Niufu, the Minister of Crime, was the fourth man. They defeated the Di at Changqiu and captured the tall Di, Yuansi; two sons of Huangfu died there. The Duke of Song then rewarded Zhuo Ban with a city gate and let him enjoy the revenues there, and it was called the Zhuo Gate. When Jin destroyed Lu, it captured Qiaoru's younger brother Fenru.

齊襄公之二年，鄋瞞伐齊，齊王子成父獲其弟榮如，埋其首於周首之北門。衛人獲其季簡如，鄋瞞由是遂亡。

In the second year of Duke Xiang of Qi, the Sou Man attacked Qi, and Wangzi Chengfu of Qi captured his younger brother Rongru and buried his head at the north gate of Zhoushou. The people of Wei captured their youngest, Jianru, and the Sou Man perished from then on.

郕大子朱儒自安於夫鍾，國人弗徇。

The crown prince of Cheng, Zhu Ru, settled by himself at Fuzhong, and the people of the capital would not obey him.

【經】十有二年春王正月，郕伯來奔。杞伯來朝。二月庚子，子叔姬卒。

[Classic] In the twelfth year, spring, the first month by the Zhou royal calendar, the Earl of Cheng came as a refugee. The Earl of Qi came to court. On the gengzi day of the second month, Lady Shu Ji died.

夏，楚人圍巢。秋，滕子來朝。秦伯使術來聘。冬十有二戊午，晉人、秦人戰於河曲。季孫行父帥師城諸及鄆。

In summer, the people of Chu besieged Chao. In autumn, the Viscount of Teng came to court. The Earl of Qin sent Shu on a courtesy visit. In winter, in the twelfth month, on the wuwu day, the people of Jin and the people of Qin fought at Hequ. (The base text omits the word for month after the twelfth.) Jisun Xingfu led troops and fortified Zhu and Yun.

【傳】十二年春，郕伯卒，郕人立君。大子以夫鍾與郕邽來奔。公以諸侯逆之，非禮也。故書曰：“郕伯來奔。”不書地，尊諸侯也。

[Commentary] In the twelfth year, spring, the Earl of Cheng died, and the people of Cheng set up another ruler. The crown prince came as a refugee bringing Fuzhong and Chenggui. Duke Wen received him with the ritual for a lord, which was contrary to ritual. Hence the Annals records: "The Earl of Cheng came as a refugee." It does not record the land, out of respect for the lord.

杞桓公來朝，始朝公也。且請絕叔姬而無絕昏，公許之。

Duke Huan of Qi came to court, his first audience with Duke Wen. He also asked to sever ties with Shu Ji but not with the in-law state, and Duke Wen agreed.

二月，叔姬卒，不言杞，絕也。書叔姬，言非女也。

In the second month, Shu Ji died. She is not called of Qi, because the tie had been severed. The Annals records Shu Ji to show that she was not an unmarried woman.

楚令尹大孫伯卒，成嘉為令尹。群舒叛楚。夏，子孔執舒子平及宗子，遂圍巢。

The Chu chief minister Da Sunbo died, and Cheng Jia became chief minister. The Shu tribes rebelled against Chu. In summer, Zikong seized the Viscount of Shu, Ping, and Zongzi, and then besieged Chao.

秋，滕昭公來朝，亦始朝公也。

In autumn, Duke Zhao of Teng came to court, also his first audience with Duke Wen.

秦伯使西乞術來聘，且言將伐晉。襄仲辭玉曰：“君不忘先君之好，照臨魯國，鎮撫其社稷，重之以大器，寡君敢辭玉。”對曰：“不腆敝器，不足辭也。”

The Earl of Qin sent Xiqi Shu on a courtesy visit and said that he was about to attack Jin. Xiang Zhong declined the jade, saying: "Your lord has not forgotten the friendship of our former lords, has shed light on Lu, steadied and comforted its altars of state, and has added a great vessel; our lord dares to decline the jade." Xiqi Shu replied: "It is a modest humble object, not worth declining."

主人三辭。賓客曰：“寡君願徼福於周公、魯公以事君，不腆先君之敝器，使下臣致諸執事以為瑞節，要結好命，所以藉寡君之命，結二國之好，是以敢致之。”

The host declined three times. The guest said: "Our lord hopes to seek blessings from the Duke of Zhou and the Duke of Lu in order to serve Your Lordship; he has sent your servant to deliver these modest humble objects of our former lords to your side as a token of good omen, to conclude an order of friendship, relying on our lord's command to conclude friendship between our two states, and so he dares to present them."

襄仲曰：“不有君子，其能國乎？國無陋矣。”厚賄之。

Xiang Zhong said: "Without gentlemen, how could a state be governed? This state is no longer a backward one." He gave him generous gifts.

秦為令狐之役故，冬，秦伯伐晉，取羈馬。晉人御之。趙盾將中軍，荀林父佐之。郤缺將上軍，臾駢佐之。欒盾將下軍，胥甲佐之。範無恤御戎，以從秦師於河曲。臾駢曰：“秦不能久，請深壘固軍以待之。”從之。

Because of the battle of Linghu, in winter the Earl of Qin attacked Jin and took Jima. The people of Jin resisted. Zhao Dun commanded the central army, with Xun Linfu assisting. Xi Que commanded the upper army, with Yu Pian assisting. Luan Dun commanded the lower army, with Xu Jia assisting. Fan Wuxu drove the chariot, and they caught up with the Qin army at Hequ. Yu Pian said: "The Qin army cannot hold out long; let us dig our trenches deep, strengthen the army and wait." This was followed.

秦人慾戰，秦伯謂士會曰：“若何而戰？”對曰：“趙氏新出其屬曰臾駢，必實為此謀，將以老我師也。趙有側室曰穿，晉君之婿也，有寵而弱，不在軍事，好勇而狂，且惡臾駢之佐上軍也，若使輕者肆焉，其可。”秦伯以璧祈戰於河。

The people of Qin wanted to fight, and the Earl of Qin asked Shi Hui: "How can we bring about a battle?" Shi Hui replied: "The Zhao clan has recently promoted a subordinate called Yu Pian, and this plan must be his, meant to wear out our army. The Zhao clan has a son of a secondary wife named Chuan, a son-in-law of the Jin lord, favored and young, who does not understand military affairs, likes bravery and is reckless, and also hates Yu Pian assisting the upper army. If we send light troops to challenge him, it may work." The Earl of Qin cast a jade disk into the Yellow River to pray for battle.

十二月戊午，秦軍掩晉上軍，趙穿追之，不及。反，怒曰：“裹糧坐甲，固敵是求，敵至不擊，將何俟焉？”軍吏曰：“將有待也。”穿曰：“我不知謀，將獨出。”乃以其屬出。宣子曰：“秦獲穿也，獲一卿矣。秦以勝歸，我何以報？”乃皆出戰，交綏。秦行人夜戒晉師曰：“兩君之士皆未憖也，明日請相見也。”

In the twelfth month, on the wuwu day, the Qin army attacked the Jin upper army, and Zhao Chuan pursued but did not catch them. He came back angry and said: "Sitting here with our provisions and wearing armor is just seeking the enemy; the enemy has come and we do not attack; what are we waiting for?" A military officer said: "We are waiting for something." Zhao Chuan said: "I do not understand strategy; I will go out and attack alone." So he went out with his own men. Xuanzi said: "If Qin captures Zhao Chuan, it has captured a minister. If Qin returns in victory, what account shall we give?" So all went out to fight, and as soon as they clashed, both sides withdrew. A Qin envoy warned the Jin army by night: "The soldiers of both states have not yet had their fill; please meet tomorrow."

臾駢曰：“使者目動而言肆，懼我也，將遁矣。薄諸河，必敗之。”胥甲、趙穿當軍門呼曰：“死傷未收而棄之，不惠也；不待期而薄人於險，無勇也。”乃止。

Yu Pian said: "The envoy's eyes darted and his words were loose; he fears us and is about to flee. If we press them against the Yellow River, we shall certainly defeat them." Xu Jia and Zhao Chuan called out at the gate of the army: "To abandon the dead and wounded without gathering them is unkind; to press upon others at a dangerous place without waiting for the appointed day is lacking in courage." So it was halted.

秦師夜遁。復侵晉，入瑕。

The Qin army fled by night. They again raided Jin and entered Xia.

城諸及鄆，書，時也。

The fortification of Zhu and Yun is recorded in the Annals because it accorded with the season.

【經】十有三春王正月。夏五月壬午，陳侯朔卒。邾子蘧蒢卒。自正月不雨，至於秋七月。大室屋壞。冬，公如晉。衛侯會公於沓。狄侵衛。十有二月己丑，公及晉侯盟。公還自晉，鄭伯會公於棐。

[Classic] In the thirteenth year, spring, the first month by the Zhou royal calendar. In summer, on the renwu day of the fifth month, Shuo, Marquis of Chen, died. Quchu, Viscount of Zhu, died. From the first month there was no rain until the seventh month of autumn. The roof of the Great Hall collapsed. In winter, Duke Wen went to Jin. The Marquis of Wei met the duke at Ta. The Di raided Wei. On the jichou day of the twelfth month, the duke made a covenant with the Marquis of Jin. Returning from Jin, the duke was met by the Earl of Zheng at Fei.

【傳】十三年春，晉侯使詹嘉處瑕，以守桃林之塞。

[Commentary] In the thirteenth year, spring, the Marquis of Jin sent Zhan Jia to be stationed at Xia and guard the Taolin pass.

晉人患秦之用士會也，夏，六卿相見於諸浮，趙宣子曰；“隨會在秦，賈季在狄，難日至矣，若之何？”中行桓子曰：“請復賈季，能外事，且由舊勳。”

The people of Jin worried that Qin would employ Shi Hui, and in summer the six ministers met at Zhufu. Zhao Xuanzi said: "Sui Hui is in Qin and Jia Ji is among the Di; disaster may come any day; what is to be done?" Zhonghang Huanzi said: "Let us have Jia Ji come back; he can manage external affairs, and he has his old merits to rely on."

郤成子曰：“賈季亂，且罪大，不如隨會，能賤而有恥，柔而不犯，其知足使也，且無罪。”

Xi Chengzi said: "Jia Ji caused disorder and his crimes were great; it would be better to take Sui Hui, who can stay in a low position yet keep a sense of shame, is gentle yet cannot be offended, whose wisdom suffices for the task, and who has no guilt."

乃使魏壽餘偽以魏叛者以誘士會，執其帑於晉，使夜逸。請自歸於秦，秦伯許之。履士會之足於朝。秦伯師於河西，魏人在東。壽餘曰：“請東人之能與夫二三有司言者，吾與之先。”使士會。士會辭曰：“晉人，虎狼也，若背其言，臣死，妻子為戮，無益於君，不可悔也。”秦伯曰：“若背其言，所不歸爾帑者，有如河。”乃行。繞朝贈之以策，曰：“子無謂秦無人，吾謀適不用也。”既濟，魏人噪而還。秦人歸其帑。其處者為劉氏。

So they had Wei Shouyu pretend to take the territory of Wei in rebellion to lure Shi Hui, kept his household in Jin as hostages, and had him flee by night. He asked to submit himself to Qin, and the Earl of Qin agreed. At court he stepped on Shi Hui's foot. The Earl of Qin stationed his army west of the river, with the men of Wei on the east. Shouyu said: "Please send one of the eastern men who can speak with those officials over there, and I will go first with him." The Earl of Qin sent Shi Hui. Shi Hui declined, saying: "The people of Jin are tigers and wolves; if they break their word, your servant will die, my wife and children will be killed, and it will do Your Lordship no good, and regret will be too late." The Earl of Qin said: "If they break their word and I do not send back your household, let the Yellow River be my witness." So he set out. Rao Chao gave him his riding whip and said: "Do not say that Qin has no men; it is only that my plan happened not to be used." After they crossed the river, the men of Wei went back noisily. The people of Qin sent back his household. Those who remained in Qin became the Liu clan.

邾文公卜遷於繹。史曰：“利於民而不利於君。”邾子曰：“苟利於民，孤之利也。天生民而樹之君，以利之也。民既利矣，孤必與焉。”左右曰：“命可長也，君何弗為？”邾子曰：“命在養民。死之短長，時也。民苟利矣，遷也，吉莫如之！”遂遷於繹。

Duke Wen of Zhu divined about moving to Yi. The scribe said: "It benefits the people but not the ruler." The Viscount of Zhu said: "If it benefits the people, it is my benefit. Heaven gave birth to the people and set up a ruler in order to benefit them. Since the people will gain, I will surely be included in it." Those around him said: "Your life can be prolonged; why does Your Lordship not do so?" The Viscount of Zhu said: "My mandate lies in nourishing the people. Whether death comes early or late is a matter of fortune. If the people gain, then we move; nothing is more auspicious than that!" So he moved to Yi.

五月，邾文公卒。君子曰：“知命。”

In the fifth month, Duke Wen of Zhu died. The gentleman said: "He understood fate."

秋七月，大室之屋壞，書，不共也。

In autumn, in the seventh month, the roof of the Great Hall collapsed; the Annals records it because of irreverence.

冬，公如晉，朝，且尋盟。衛侯會公於沓，請平於晉。公還，鄭伯會公於棐，亦請平於晉。公皆成之。鄭伯與公宴於棐。子家賦《鴻雁》。季文子曰：“寡君未免於此。”文子賦《四月》。子家賦《載馳》之四章。文子賦《采薇》之四章。

In winter, Duke Wen went to Jin to pay court and to renew the covenant. The Marquis of Wei met the duke at Ta and asked him to make peace with Jin on his behalf. On the duke's return, the Earl of Zheng met him at Fei and likewise asked him to make peace with Jin. The duke accomplished both. The Earl of Zheng feasted Duke Wen at Fei. Zijia recited "The Wild Geese." Ji Wenzi said: "Our lord cannot escape the same either." Wenzi recited "The Fourth Month." Zijia recited the fourth stanza of "Carrying on." Wenzi recited the fourth stanza of "Gathering the Vetches."

鄭伯拜。公答拜。

The Earl of Zheng bowed in thanks. Duke Wen returned the bow.

【經】十有四年春王正月，公至自晉。邾人伐我南鄙，叔彭生帥師伐邾。夏五月乙亥，齊侯潘卒。六月，公會宋公、陳侯、衛侯、鄭伯、許男、曹伯、晉趙盾。癸酉，同盟於新城。秋七月，有星孛入於北斗。公至自會。晉人納捷菑於邾。

[Classic] In the fourteenth year, spring, the first month by the Zhou royal calendar, the duke returned from Jin. The people of Zhu attacked our southern border, and Shu Pengsheng led troops to attack Zhu. In summer, on the yihai day of the fifth month, Pan, Marquis of Qi, died. In the sixth month, the duke met the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Chen, the Marquis of Wei, the Earl of Zheng, the Baron of Xu, the Earl of Cao and Zhao Dun of Jin. On the guiyou day they made a covenant together at Xincheng. In autumn, in the seventh month, a comet entered the Northern Dipper. The duke returned from the meeting. The people of Jin escorted Jiezi into Zhu.

弗克納。九月甲申，公孫敖卒於齊。齊公子商人弒其君舍。宋子哀來奔。冬，單伯如齊。齊人執單伯。齊人執子叔姬。

They could not get him in. On the jiashen day of the ninth month, Gongsun Ao died in Qi. Prince Shangren of Qi killed his ruler, She. Zi'ai of Song came as a refugee. In winter, Shan Bo went to Qi. The people of Qi seized Shan Bo. The people of Qi seized Lady Zishu Ji.

【傳】十四年春，頃王崩。周公閱與王孫蘇爭政，故不赴。凡崩、薨，不赴，則不書。禍、福，不告亦不書，懲不敬也。

[Commentary] In the fourteenth year, spring, King Qing died. Duke Yue of Zhou and Wangsun Su contended over the government, and so no notice of death was sent. Whenever a death is not announced, the Annals does not record it, whether the death of a king or of a lord. Misfortunes and blessings that are not reported are likewise not recorded, as a warning against irreverence.

邾文公之卒也，公使吊焉，不敬。邾人來討，伐我南鄙，故惠伯伐邾。

When Duke Wen of Zhu died, Duke Wen sent someone to offer condolences but was not respectful. The people of Zhu came to demand an account and attacked our southern border, and so Huibo attacked Zhu.

子叔姬妃齊昭公，生舍。叔姬無寵，舍無威。公子商人驟施於國，而多聚士，盡其家，貸於公，有司以繼之。夏五月，昭公卒，舍即位。

Zishu Ji married Duke Zhao of Qi and bore She. Shu Ji was not favored, and She had no prestige. Prince Shangren repeatedly gave generously within the state, gathered many gentlemen, exhausted his family's property, and borrowed from the ducal house, with the officials then supplying him. In summer, in the fifth month, Duke Zhao died and She came to the throne.

邾文公元妃齊姜生定公，二妃晉姬生捷菑。文公卒，邾人立定公，捷菑奔晉。

Duke Wen of Zhu's first consort, Qi Jiang, bore Duke Ding, and his second consort, Jin Ji, bore Jiezi. When Duke Wen died, the people of Zhu set up Duke Ding, and Jiezi fled to Jin.

六月，同盟於新城，從於楚者服，且謀邾也。

In the sixth month, a covenant was made together at Xincheng; those who had followed Chu had already submitted, and they also planned regarding the affairs of Zhu.

秋七月乙卯夜，齊商人弒舍而讓元。元曰：“爾求之久矣。我能事爾，爾不可使多蓄憾。將免我乎？爾為之！”有星孛入於北斗，周內史叔服曰：“不出七年，宋、齊、晉之君皆將死亂。”

In autumn, on the night of the yimao day of the seventh month, Shangren of Qi killed She and offered the throne to Yuan. Yuan said: "You have sought this for a long time. I can serve you, but I cannot let you pile up more resentment. Can you spare me from death? You do it!" A comet entered the Northern Dipper, and Shu Fu, the inner scribe of the Zhou house, said: "Within seven years the rulers of Song, Qi and Jin will all die in disorder."

晉趙盾以諸侯之師八百乘納捷菑於邾。邾人辭曰：“齊出玃且長。”宣子曰：“辭順而弗從，不祥。”乃還。

Zhao Dun of Jin escorted Jiezi into Zhu with the armies of the lords, eight hundred chariots. The people of Zhu declined, saying: "Juqie, born of the Qi woman, is older." Xuanzi said: "When the words are reasonable yet one does not follow them, it is inauspicious." So he went back.

周公將與王孫蘇訟於晉，王叛王孫蘇，而使尹氏與聃啟訟周公於晉。趙宣子平王室而復之。

The Duke of Zhou was about to go to Jin with Wangsun Su to litigate. The Son of Heaven abandoned Wangsun Su and sent the Yin clan and Dan Qi to Jin to litigate for the Duke of Zhou. Zhao Xuanzi mediated for the royal house and restored them to their positions.

楚莊王立，子孔、潘崇將襲群舒，使公子燮與子儀守而伐舒蓼。二子作亂，城郢而使賊殺子孔，不克而還。八月，二子以楚子出，將如商密。廬戢梨及叔麋誘之，遂殺鬥克及公子燮。

King Zhuang of Chu came to the throne. Zikong and Pan Chong were about to raid the Shu tribes, and had Prince Xie and Ziyi stay behind to guard while attacking Shuliao. These two men rebelled, fortified Ying and sent assassins to kill Zikong, but failed and came back. In the eighth month, these two took the Viscount of Chu and left, about to go to Shangmi. Lu Jili and Shu Mi lured them, and so killed Dou Ke and Prince Xie.

初，鬥克囚於秦，秦有殽之敗，而使歸求成，成而不得志。公子燮求令尹而不得。故二子作亂。

Earlier, Dou Ke had been imprisoned in Qin; after the Qin defeat at Xiao, Qin sent him back to seek peace, and after peace was made he was dissatisfied. Prince Xie asked to be chief minister but did not obtain it. Hence these two rebelled.

穆伯之從己氏也，魯人立文伯。穆伯生二子於莒而求復，文伯以為請。襄仲使無朝。聽命，復而不出，二年而盡室以復適莒。文伯疾而請曰：“谷之子弱，請立難也。”許之。文伯卒，立惠叔。穆伯請重賂以求復，惠叔以為請，許之。

After Mu Bo followed Lady Ji, the people of Lu set up Wen Bo. Mu Bo had two sons in Ju and asked to come back, and Wen Bo pleaded for him. Xiang Zhong forbade him to attend court. He obeyed the order, did not leave his house after returning, and after two years went to Ju again with his whole household. Wen Bo fell ill and asked: "Gu's sons are young and weak; please set up Nan." It was granted. When Wen Bo died, Hui Shu was set up. Mu Bo asked to return by means of heavy bribes, Hui Shu pleaded for him, and it was granted.

將來，九月卒於齊，告喪，請葬，弗許。

As he was about to come back, he died in Qi in the ninth month. Notice of his death came with a request to bury him at home, but it was refused.

宋高哀為蕭封人，以為卿，不義宋公而出，遂來奔。書曰：“宋子哀來奔。”

Gao Ai of Song had been a border warden at Xiao and was made a minister; judging the Duke of Song to be unrighteous, he left and came as a refugee. The Annals records: "Zi'ai of Song came as a refugee."

貴之也。

This shows esteem for him.

齊人定懿公，使來告難，故書以九月。齊公子元不順懿公之為政也，終不曰“公”，曰“夫己氏”。

The people of Qi settled Duke Yi and sent word of the troubles, and so the Annals records it under the ninth month. Prince Yuan of Qi did not accept Duke Yi's rule and never called him "duke," but "that man."

襄仲使告於王，請以王寵求昭姬於齊。曰：“殺其子，焉用其母？請受而罪之。”

Xiang Zhong sent word to the Son of Heaven and asked to rely on the Son of Heaven's honor to demand Lady Zhao from Qi, saying: "They have killed her son; what use is her mother to them? Please bring her back and punish her."

冬，單伯如齊，請子叔姬，齊人執之。又執子叔姬。

In winter, Shan Bo went to Qi and pleaded for Zishu Ji, and the people of Qi seized him. They also seized Zishu Ji.

【經】十有五年春，季孫行父如晉。三月，宋司馬華孫來盟。夏，曹伯來朝。

[Classic] In the fifteenth year, spring, Jisun Xingfu went to Jin. In the third month, Hua Sun, Minister of War of Song, came to make a covenant. In summer, the Earl of Cao came to court.

齊人歸公孫敖之喪。六月辛丑朔，日有食之。鼓，用牲於社。單伯至自齊。晉郤缺帥師伐蔡。戊申，入蔡。齊人侵我西鄙。季孫行父如晉。冬十有一月，諸侯盟於扈。十有二月，齊人來歸子叔姬。齊侯侵我西鄙，遂伐曹，入其郛。

The people of Qi sent back the coffin of Gongsun Ao. On the xinchou day of the sixth month, the first day of the month, there was a solar eclipse. Drums were beaten and victims were offered at the altar of the soil. Shan Bo returned from Qi. Xi Que of Jin led troops to attack Cai. On the wushen day he entered Cai. The people of Qi raided our western border. Jisun Xingfu went to Jin. In winter, in the eleventh month, the lords made a covenant at Hu. In the twelfth month, the people of Qi came to send back Zishu Ji. The Marquis of Qi raided our western border, then attacked Cao and entered its outer wall.

【傳】十五年春，季文子如晉，為單伯與子叔姬故也。

[Commentary] In the fifteenth year, spring, Ji Wenzi went to Jin, on account of Shan Bo and Zishu Ji.

三月，宋華耦來盟，其官皆從之。書曰“宋司馬華孫”，貴之也。

In the third month, Hua Ou of Song came to make a covenant, and his subordinate officials all accompanied him. The Annals records "Hua Sun, Minister of War of Song," showing esteem for him.

公與之宴，辭曰：“君之先臣督，得罪於宋殤公，名在諸侯之策。臣承其祀，其敢辱君，請承命於亞旅。”魯人以為敏。

Duke Wen feasted him, but he declined, saying: "Your Lordship's former minister Du offended Duke Shang of Song, and his name was written on the bamboo records of the lords. Your servant has inherited his sacrifices; how dare I disgrace Your Lordship? Please let me receive the order from the junior attendants." The people of Lu thought him quick and perceptive.

夏，曹伯來朝，禮也。諸侯五年再相朝，以修王命，古之制也。

In summer, the Earl of Cao came to court, which accorded with ritual. That the lords pay court to each other twice in five years in order to carry out the royal command is the ancient institution.

齊人或為孟氏謀，曰：“魯，爾親也。飾棺置諸堂阜，魯必取之。”從之。

Some men of Qi devised a plan for the Meng clan, saying: "Lu is your relative. If you place the coffin ornaments at Tangfu, Lu will surely come to take them." This was followed.