The number of the star of the Wu stem is 175.

經星之戊一百七十五。經星之己一百七十六。經星之庚一百七十七。經星之辛一百七十八。經星之壬一百七十九。

The Five Phases are the titles of the 175th to 179th cycles in the "Table of Converging Cycles and Years" from the "Yihui Jingyun." "Cycle" is a term used to refer to "Year." Shao Yong divided one "Origin" into twelve "Convergences," each Convergence into thirty "Cycles," and each Cycle into twelve "Generations," each Generation spanning thirty years. Therefore, one Cycle corresponds exactly to 360 years. The titles of the Cycles are determined by rotating the Heavenly Stems and adding a continuous sequence number. "Jingxing Wu 175" refers to the 175th Cycle, followed by Ji 176, Wu 177, Xin 178, and Ren 179. These five Cycles all belong to the sixth Convergence, known as the "Snake Convergence." Converted into the Gregorian calendar, this period corresponds to approximately 4377 BCE to 2578 BCE, a span of about 1,800 years. The table only lists the names of the Cycles, without listing Generations, years, or historical events, because according to Shao Yong's chronological system, this period falls within the era before human civilization began, when there were no historical records. The spaces are left blank for future filling in when historical materials become available.

觀物篇十四，以會經運二。經日之甲一，經月之巳六。經星之癸一百八十。經辰之子二千一百四十九：甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁卯、戊辰、己巳、庚午、辛未、壬申、癸酉、甲戌、乙亥、丙子、丁丑、戊寅、己卯、庚辰、辛巳、壬午、癸未、甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥、戊子、己丑、庚寅、辛卯、壬辰、癸巳。經辰之丑二千一百五十：甲午、乙未、丙申、丁酉、戊戌、己亥、庚子、辛丑、壬寅、癸卯、甲辰、乙巳、丙午、丁未、戊申、己酉、庚戌、辛亥、壬子、癸丑、甲寅、乙卯、丙辰、丁巳、戊午、己未、庚申、辛酉、壬戌、癸亥。

Chapter 14 of "Guānwù Piān" belongs to the second section of "Yi Huì Jīng Yùn." The first three lines serve as coordinates for this chronological table: "Jing Ri Zhi Jia Yi" refers to the first great cycle, with the cycle marked by the heavenly stem, Jia being first, hence called Jia Yi; "Jing Yue Zhi Si Liu" refers to the sixth division within this cycle, that is, the Si division; "Jing Xing Zhi Gui Bai Shiqi" refers to the 180th cycle, which is the last of the thirty cycles under the Si division. One cycle comprises twelve generations, and each generation spans thirty years, so the 180th cycle totals 360 years, corresponding to the years from 2577 BCE to 2218 BCE. Under each cycle, the twelve earthly branches divide it into twelve generations, each generation having a consecutive number in the entire text: the Zi generation is the 2149th, the Chou generation is the 2150th, continuing in order until the Hai generation, which is the 2160th. The 2149th generation begins with the Jiazi year, proceeding through thirty years with one year per stem, ending with the Guisi year, covering the years from 2577 BCE to 2548 BCE; the 2150th generation begins with the Jiawu year, proceeding through thirty years ending with the Guihai year, covering the years from 2547 BCE to 2518 BCE. These two generations only list the stem and branch years, with no additional characters beneath each year, indicating that Shao Yong believed there were no verifiable historical events at that time to include.

經辰之寅二千一百五十一：甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁卯、戊辰、己巳、庚午、辛未、壬申、癸酉、甲戌、乙亥、丙子、丁丑、戊寅、己卯、庚辰、辛巳、壬午、癸未、甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥、戊子、己丑、庚寅、辛卯、壬辰、癸巳。經辰之卯二千一百五十二：甲午、乙未、丙申、丁酉、戊戌、己亥、庚子、辛丑、壬寅、癸卯、甲辰、乙巳、丙午、丁未、戊申、己酉、庚戌、辛亥、壬子、癸丑、甲寅、乙卯、丙辰、丁巳、戊午、己未、庚申、辛酉、壬戌、癸亥。經辰之辰二千一百五十三：甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁卯、戊辰、己巳、庚午、辛未、壬申、癸酉、甲戌、乙亥、丙子、丁丑、戊寅、己卯、庚辰、辛巳、壬午、癸未、甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥、戊子、己丑、庚寅、辛卯、壬辰、癸巳。

The third, fourth, and fifth generations under the 180th cycle follow. The Yin generation is the 2151st, spanning from the Jiazi year to the Guisi year, corresponding to the period from 2517 to 2488 BC; the Mao generation is the 2152nd, spanning from the Jiawu year to the Guihai year, corresponding to the period from 2487 to 2458 BC; the Chen generation is the 2153rd, spanning from the Jiazi year to the Guisi year, corresponding to the period from 2457 to 2428 BC. Since one generation is exactly thirty years, which is half of the sixty-year Jiazi cycle, the starting heavenly stem and earthly branch of each generation alternate between Jiazi and Jiawu: odd-numbered generations begin with Jiazi and end with Guisi, while even-numbered generations begin with Jiawu and end with Guihai. The transition between two generations completes a full sixty-year Jiazi cycle. These three generations are also recorded only with heavenly stem and earthly branch for years, without any historical events. These three generations cover a total of ninety year positions, with more than seventy years remaining until the Jiachen year of Emperor Yao's reign. In Shao Yong's view, although Fuxi, Shen Nong, and the Yellow Emperor are mentioned in legends, their exact dates are uncertain. It is better to leave them blank rather than speculate, so the year records are arranged as usual, but the historical events are entirely missing.

經辰之巳二千一百五十四：甲午、乙未、丙申、丁酉、戊戌、己亥、庚子、辛丑、壬寅、癸卯、甲辰、乙巳、丙午、丁未、戊申、己酉、庚戌、辛亥、壬子、癸丑、甲寅、乙卯、丙辰、丁巳、戊午、己未、庚申、辛酉、壬戌、癸亥。經辰之午二千一百五十五：甲子、乙丑、丙寅、丁卯、戊辰、己巳、庚午、辛未、壬申、癸酉、甲戌、乙亥、丙子、丁丑、戊寅、己卯、庚辰、辛巳、壬午、癸未、甲申、乙酉、丙戌、丁亥、戊子、己丑、庚寅、辛卯、壬辰、癸巳。經辰之未二千一百五十六：甲午、乙未、丙申、丁酉、戊戌、己亥、庚子、辛丑、壬寅、癸卯、甲辰，唐堯。乙巳二、丙午三、丁未四、戊申五、己酉六、庚戌七、辛亥八、壬子九、癸丑十、甲寅十一、乙卯十二、丙辰十三、丁巳十四、戊午十五、己未十六、庚申十七、辛酉十八、壬戌十九、癸亥二十。

These three generations belong to the sixtieth, seventh, and eighth of the 180th cycle. The fourth generation is the 2154th, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years 2427 to 2398 BC; the fifth generation is the 2155th, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years 2397 to 2368 BC; the sixth generation is the 2156th, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years 2367 to 2338 BC. The first two generations still have empty entries for the heavenly stems and earthly branches. It was not until the eleventh year of the sixth generation, Jiachen, that the first occurrence of the title "Tang Yao" appeared in the table. This Jiachen year is the year established by Shao Yong as the first year of Yao's reign, i.e., 2357 BC, which also marks the true beginning of the entire chronological history in the book "Huang Ji Jing Shi." From this year onward, the years under the heavenly stems and earthly branches began to be annotated with the number of years the ruler reigned: Yisi is the second year of Yao, Bingwu is the third year, and so on, continuing up to the final year of this generation, Guihai, which is the twentieth year of Yao, corresponding to 2338 BC. After this, whenever a new emperor succeeded, the new ruler's name would be noted beside the heavenly stem and earthly branch, and the count would restart from "one." It can also be seen that the first ten entries in the sixth generation, from Jiawu to Guimao, remained empty, indicating the ten years Shao Yong left for the period before Yao's reign. From Jiachen onward, the entire book transitioned from empty chronological entries to a real historical chronology with names and events.

經辰之申二千一百五十七：甲子二十一、乙丑二十二、丙寅二十三、丁卯二十四、戊辰二十五、己巳二十六、庚午二十七、辛未二十八、壬申二十九、癸酉三十、甲戌三十一、乙亥三十二、丙子三十三、丁丑三十四、戊寅三十五、己卯三十六、庚辰三十七、辛巳三十八、壬午三十九、癸未四十、甲申四十一、乙酉四十二、丙戌四十三、丁亥四十四、戊子四十五、己丑四十六、庚寅四十七、辛卯四十八、壬辰四十九、癸巳五十。

The Shengshi period is the ninth generation of the 180th cycle, and the total number of generations in the entire book is 2157. It spans from the Jiazi year to the Guisi year, corresponding to the years from 2337 BC to 2308 BC. These thirty years fall entirely within the reign of Yao. The starting Jiazi year is the 21st year of Yao's reign, and each subsequent year follows in order, ending with the Guisi year, which is the 50th year of Yao's reign. This period does not record any historical events, but instead fills each grid with the number of years in office. This clearly shows the style of Shao Yong's table-making— even when there are no events to record, the years must not be left blank, because the number of grids for each generation and year is fixed by the numerical system of the yuan, hui, yun, and shi, and must be connected from beginning to end without any missing year. Converted into the Gregorian calendar, the starting Jiazi year corresponds to 2337 BC, and the ending Guisi year corresponds to 2308 BC. The accounts in the Book of Documents, the Yao Dian chapter, regarding Yao's command to Xi He to manage the four seasons, to determine the four seasons by the stars in the middle of the two halves of the year, and to set the length of a year at 366 days with an intercalary month to regulate the four seasons, mostly took place within the fifty years before Yao's reign. However, this table does not record these events, and only leaves the years in place.

經辰之酉二千一百五十八：甲午五十一、乙未五十二、丙申五十三、丁酉五十四、戊戌五十五、己亥五十六、庚子五十七、辛丑五十八、壬寅五十九、癸卯六十、甲辰六十一，洪水方割，命鯀治之。乙巳六十二、丙午六十三、丁未六十四、戊申六十五、己酉六十六、庚戌六十七、辛亥六十八、壬子六十九、癸丑七十，徵舜登庸。甲寅七十一、乙卯七十二，薦舜於天命之位。丙辰一，虞舜。正月上日，舜受命於文祖。丁巳二、戊午三、己未四、庚申五、辛酉六、壬戌七、癸亥八。

The era of You is the 2158th generation, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 2307 to 2278 BCE, which is the critical first generation of the transition from the Xia to the Shang dynasty. Jiawu was the 51st year of Yao. In the year Jiachen, which was the 61st year of Yao, 2297 BCE, the first historical event recorded is "the flood was still cutting through the land," taken from the "Book of Documents: Yao's Classic," stating that the great floods were causing widespread harm, and Yao thus ordered Gun to manage the waters. Guichou was the 70th year of Yao, 2288 BCE, when Yao issued an edict to seek out virtuous talents and summoned Yu Shun to take office. Yimao was the 72nd year of Yao, 2286 BCE, when Yao officially recommended Shun to Heaven, allowing him to act as regent in place of the Son of Heaven. The following year, Bingchen, the title of the ruler was changed to "Yu Shun," and the count of years began anew, with this year being 2285 BCE; the phrase "on the first day of the first lunar month, Shun received his mandate at the Temple of the Ancestral Rites" is also taken from the "Book of Documents: Shun's Classic," stating that on the first day of the first month, Shun received his mandate at the temple of Yao's ancestors. Afterwards, Dingsi was the second year of Shun, and in sequence, Guihai was the eighth year of Shun. The two reigns of Yao and Shun met at the entry of Bingchen, with Yao still alive and Shun having already begun a new era, indicating that Shao Yong established a new era based on the year Shun was entrusted with the mandate.

經辰之戌二千一百五十九：甲子九、乙丑十、丙寅十一、丁卯十二、戊辰十三、己巳十四、庚午十五、辛未十六、壬申十七、癸酉十八、甲戌十九、乙亥二十、丙子二十一、丁丑二十二、戊寅二十三、己卯二十四、庚辰二十五、辛巳二十六、壬午二十七、癸未二十八，帝堯殂落。甲申二十九、乙酉三十、丙戌三十一，月正元日，舜格於文祖。丁亥三十二、戊子三十三、己丑三十四、庚寅三十五、辛卯三十六、壬辰三十七、癸巳三十八。

The Xū shì is the two thousand one hundred and fifty-ninth generation, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 2277 to 2248 BC, all falling within the Yu Shun era. The starting Jiazi is the ninth year of Shun. Guiwei corresponds to the twenty-eighth year of Shun, which is 2258 BC, marked with the note "the death of the Emperor Yao," taken from the Shangshu·Shun Dian, which states, "Twenty-eight years later, the Emperor died," referring to the death of Emperor Yao in the twenty-eighth year of Shun's regency. After the three-year mourning period, we reach Bingxu, which is the thirty-first year of Shun, 2255 BC, noted as "the first day of the first month, Shun went to the temple of his ancestor," also from the Shun Dian, indicating that on the first day of the first month Shun went to the temple of his ancestor to offer sacrifices, marking his transition from regent to emperor. Following this, Dinghai is the thirty-second year of Shun, continuing up to Guisi, the thirty-eighth year of Shun. This generation places the two major events of Emperor Yao's death and Shun's ascension to the throne within the stem-branch calendar, exactly as Shao Yong intended people to observe: historical events are not merely scattered and listed, but are placed in the predetermined positions of the yuan, hui, yun, and shi calculations.

經辰之亥二千一百六十：甲午三十九、乙未四十、丙申四十一、丁酉四十二、戊戌四十三、己亥四十四、庚子四十五、辛丑四十六、壬寅四十七、癸卯四十八、甲辰四十九、乙巳五十、丙午五十一、丁未五十二、戊申五十三、己酉五十四、庚戌五十五、辛亥五十六、壬子五十七、癸丑五十八、甲寅五十九、乙卯六十、丙辰六十一，薦禹於天命之位。丁巳，夏禹。正月朔旦，受命於神宗。戊午二、己未三、庚申四、辛酉五、壬戌六、癸亥七。

The Hài world era is the two thousand one hundred and sixtieth era, also the last era of the one hundred and eightieth cycle. From Jiawu to Guihai, it spans from 2247 to 2218 BCE. The beginning Jiawu corresponds to the thirty-ninth year of Shun. Bingchen is the sixty-first year of Shun, which is 2225 BCE, noted as "recommending Yu to the heavenly mandate position," meaning Shun imitated the way Yao treated him and recommended Yu to Heaven so that Yu could take over. The following year, Dingsi, is marked as "the first year of Xia Yu," which is 2224 BCE; "on the first day of the first lunar month, receiving the mandate from the divine ancestor" is a direct quote from the Book of Documents, the Great Yu Oath, referring to Yu receiving the mandate in Shun's ancestral temple on the first day of the first lunar month. The following Wuwu is the second year of Yu, continuing in order until Guihai, which is the seventh year of Yu, completing the one hundred and eightieth cycle of three hundred and sixty years. Once this cycle is completed, the thirty cycles of the Si cycle will also end, and the next section will transition to the first cycle of the Wu cycle.

觀物篇十五，以會經運三。經日之甲一，經月之午七。經星之甲一百八十一。經辰之子二千一百六十一：甲子八、乙丑九、丙寅十、丁卯十一、戊辰十二、己巳十三、庚午十四、辛未十五、壬申十六、癸酉十七，舜陟方乃死。甲戌十八、乙亥十九、丙子二十、丁丑二十一、戊寅二十二、己卯二十三、庚辰二十四、辛巳二十五、壬午二十六、癸未二十七，東巡至於會稽崩。甲申，夏啟。乙酉二、丙戌三、丁亥四、戊子五、己丑六、庚寅七、辛卯八、壬辰九、癸巳，夏太康。

The fifteenth chapter of "Observing Things" is the third chapter on "coinciding with the great cycles." The coordinate system remains the first element, but the cycle has advanced from the巳 cycle to the seventh cycle of the "month" called 午, which is the 午 cycle; "the hundred eighty-first cycle of the stars" refers to the hundred eighty-first great cycle, which is the first cycle of the thirty cycles of the 午 cycle, covering twelve generations numbered from 2161 to 2172, totaling 360 years, corresponding to the period from 2217 BC to 1858 BC. The first generation, 子 generation, numbered 2161, spans from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 2217 BC to 2188 BC, beginning with the Jiazi year, which is the eighth year of the Xia Yu. Guiyou corresponds to the seventeenth year of Yu, 2208 BC, with a note stating "Shun went on a southern tour and died," using the original words from the "Book of Documents · Shun Classic," which says that the Yu Shun died during his southern tour. Guiwei corresponds to the tenth year after Guiyou, which is the twenty-seventh year of Yu, 2198 BC, when Yu toured the eastern regions and died at Mount Huiji. The following year, Jiashen is reclassified as the first year of Xia Qi, which is 2197 BC, when Yu's son Qi succeeded to the throne, thus beginning the hereditary system. Yiyou is the second year of Qi, continuing up to Renchen, which is the ninth year of Qi. At the end of the generation, Guisi is reclassified as the first year of Xia Taikang, which is 2188 BC.

經辰之丑二千一百六十二：甲午二、乙未三、丙申四、丁酉五、戊戌六、己亥七、庚子八、辛丑九、壬寅十、癸卯十一、甲辰十二、乙巳十三、丙午十四、丁未十五、戊申十六、己酉十七、庚戌十八、辛亥十九、壬子二十、癸丑二十一、甲寅二十二、乙卯二十三、丙辰二十四、丁巳二十五、戊午二十六、己未二十七、庚申二十八、辛酉二十九，太康失邦，有窮后羿拒於河而死。壬戌，夏仲康。癸亥二。

The second thousand and sixtieth generation began in the year Jiawu, which corresponds to the second year of Xiang of the Xia dynasty, dating from 2187 BCE to 2158 BCE. The first year Jiawu was the second year of Taikang of the Xia dynasty. The year Xinyou was the twenty-ninth year of Taikang, which was 2160 BCE, marking a significant event: Taikang lost the state, and the leader of the Youqiong clan, Houyi, blocked him at the Yellow River and prevented him from returning, leading to Taikang's death outside the country. This is recorded in the "Zuo Zhuan" and "Shiji" as "Taikang losing the state." Soon after the founding of the Xia dynasty, the power was taken over by the eastern Yi clan, the Youqiong. The following year, Renxu, was renamed "Zhongkang" and marked the first year of Zhongkang, which was 2159 BCE, when Houyi installed Taikang's brother Zhongkang as a puppet king. The year Guihai was the second year of Zhongkang, marking the end of this generation. Houyi took over the Xia dynasty, and the Mandate of Heaven for the Xia dynasty was thus suspended for forty years.

經辰之寅二千一百六十三：甲子三、乙丑四、丙寅五、丁卯六、戊辰七、己巳八、庚午九、辛未十、壬申十一、癸酉十二、甲戌十三、乙亥，夏相。丙子二、丁丑三、戊寅四、己卯五、庚辰六、辛巳七、壬午八、癸未九、甲申十、乙酉十一、丙戌十二、丁亥十三、戊子十四、己丑十五、庚寅十六、辛卯十七、壬辰十八、癸巳十九。

The Yin era corresponds to the 2163rd generation, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, which covers the period from 2157 to 2128 BC. The initial Jiazi year was the third year of Xia Zhongkang. The Jiaxu year was the thirteenth year of Zhongkang, which was 2147 BC, marking the end of Zhongkang's reign. The following year, Yihai, was renamed as the first year of Xiang, i.e., 2146 BC, when Zhongkang's son Xiang succeeded to the throne. In reality, Xiang remained a refugee among his fellow clansmen, the Zhengguan and Zhengxun. The subsequent years, Bingzi to Guisi, correspond to the second to nineteenth years of Xiang's reign. This era does not record other historical events, but merely continues the sequence of years after the Xia dynasty lost its power.

經辰之卯二千一百六十四：甲午二十、乙未二十一、丙申二十二、丁酉二十三、戊戌二十四、己亥二十五、庚子二十六、辛丑二十七、壬寅二十八，寒浞殺有窮后羿，代立。使子澆及豷伐斟灌、斟鄩氏，滅相，封澆於過，封豷於戈。相之臣靡逃於有鬲氏，相之後緡還於有仍氏。始生少康。癸卯，夏少康始生。甲辰二、乙巳三、丙午四、丁未五、戊申六、己酉七、庚戌八、辛亥九、壬子十、癸丑十一、甲寅十二、乙卯十三、丙辰十四、丁巳十五、戊午十六、己未十七、庚申十八、辛酉十九、壬戌二十、癸亥二十一。

The second thousand and sixty-fourth generation began with Jiawu, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 2127 to 2098 BCE. The initial Jiawu was the twentieth year of the reign of King Xiang of the Xia dynasty. The year Renyin was the twenty-eighth year of King Xiang's reign, which was 2119 BCE, marking the beginning of a significant historical event recorded in the Zuo Zhuan, chapters Xianggong 4 and Aigong 1. Hanyu, a minister of Houyi, killed the Xia king Yu of the Qiu clan and took the throne himself. He sent his sons Jiao and Yi to attack the two Xia states of Zhen Guan and Zhen Xun, killing King Xiang. Jiao was given the territory of Guo, and Yi was given the territory of Ge. Xiang's old minister Mi fled to Youge to avoid persecution, while Xiang's wife Hounian returned to her maternal home at Youling and gave birth to a son, who was later known as Xiaokang. The next year, Guimao is noted as "Xiaokang was born," which was 2118 BCE. The following years do not refer to the years of Xiaokang's reign, but rather his age. Jiachen corresponds to two years old, and the years are counted sequentially until Guihai, which corresponds to twenty-one years old. At this time, the Xia dynasty had no reigning king. Shao Yong used Xiaokang's age to represent the year, showing that he preferred to associate a single person with a year rather than allow the chronological sequence to be broken.

經辰之辰二千一百六十五：甲子二十二、乙丑二十三、丙寅二十四、丁卯二十五、戊辰二十六、己巳二十七、庚午二十八、辛未二十九、壬申三十、癸酉三十一、甲戌三十二、乙亥三十三、丙子三十四、丁丑三十五、戊寅三十六、己卯三十七、庚辰三十八、辛巳三十九、壬午，夏少康立。夏之臣靡自鬲收斟灌、斟鄩之燼以滅浞，而立少康。少康既立，遂滅澆於過，滅豷於戈，以絕有窮氏之族。癸未二、甲申三、乙酉四、丙戌五、丁亥六、戊子七、己丑八、庚寅九、辛卯十、壬辰十一、癸巳十二。

The Chén dynasty was the 2165th dynasty, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 2097 to 2068 BC. The initial Jiazi year was when Xia's Shao Kang was 22 years old. The Renwu year was 2079 BC, noted as "Shao Kang was established as king," marking the beginning of the restoration of the Xia dynasty. The old minister Mi, from Youge氏, gathered the remaining descendants of Zhen Guan and Zhen Xun, raised an army to eliminate Han Zhuo, and established Shao Kang as the king of Xia. After Shao Kang's ascension, he subsequently defeated Jiao in Guo and Hu Yi in Ge, completely eliminating the Youqiong clan. This is known in history as the "Shao Kang Revival," which restored the Xia dynasty four decades after its loss. Starting from the Renwu year, the count of years changed from Shao Kang's age to his years on the throne. Guwei was the second year of Shao Kang's reign, and in sequence, Guisi was the twelfth year. From 2160 BC when Tai Kang lost the kingdom to 2079 BC when Shao Kang regained the throne, there were 81 years during which the Xia ancestral temple and state were not in the hands of the Xia royal family. Throughout this period, the chronology always recorded Zhong Kang and Xiang's years on the throne along with Shao Kang's age, clearly showing that Shao Yong's chronology only recognized the legitimate Xia dynasty and refused to include the usurpers in the official calendar.

經辰之巳二千一百六十六：甲午十三、乙未十四、丙申十五、丁酉十六、戊戌十七、己亥十八、庚子十九、辛丑二十、壬寅二十一、癸卯二十二、甲辰，夏杼。乙巳二、丙午三、丁未四、戊申五、己酉六、庚戌七、辛亥八、壬子九、癸丑十、甲寅十一、乙卯十二、丙辰十三、丁巳十四、戊午十五、己未十六、庚申十七、辛酉，夏槐。壬戌二、癸亥三。

The fourth world began in the 2166th generation, from Jiawu to Guihai, spanning from 2067 BC to 2038 BC. The initial Jiawu was the 13th year of Xia Xiaokang. Gui Mao was the 22nd year of Xia Xiaokang, when he died. The next year, Jiachen was changed to "Xia Zhu," marking the first year of Zhu's reign, which was 2057 BC. Zhu reigned for seventeen years, ending with Gengshen. In the following year, Xinyou was changed to "Xia Huai," marking the first year of Huai's reign, which was 2040 BC. Renxu was the second year of Huai, and Guihai was the third year. During this world, two successive Xia kings were recorded only by their titles and years, without any details of their deeds. Zhu, also known as Yu, is said to have invented armor and spears, and he led military campaigns as far as the East Sea, making him the most active ruler of the Xia dynasty after Xiaokang.

經辰之午二千一百六十七：甲子四、乙丑五、丙寅六、丁卯七、戊辰八、己巳九、庚午十、辛未十一、壬申十二、癸酉十三、甲戌十四、乙亥十五、丙子十六、丁丑十七、戊寅十八、己卯十九、庚辰二十、辛巳二十一、壬午二十二、癸未二十三、甲申二十四、乙酉二十五、丙戌二十六、丁亥，夏芒。戊子二、己丑三、庚寅四、辛卯五、壬辰六、癸巳七。

The fifth generation is the 2167th generation, from Jiazi to Guisi, spanning from 2037 BC to 2008 BC. The initial Jiazi corresponds to the fourth year of the reign of Xia Hui. Hui reigned for 26 years, ending with Bingxu in 2015 BC. The following year, Dinghai, was renamed as the first year of the reign of Xia Mang, i.e., 2014 BC, when Mang succeeded Hui. Wuzi is the second year of Mang's reign, continuing in order until Guisi, which is the seventh year of Mang's reign. Mang is also known as Huang. The Bamboo Annals mention that he once hunted eastward to the sea and caught a large fish. During the middle period of the Xia dynasty, these generations were times of peace with no significant historical events. Shao Yong simply recorded the imperial lineage and the years, leaving the rest blank. In thirty generations, the imperial title was changed only once, and the rest were merely numbers, which read monotonously, but this was exactly the effect Shao Yong intended: the number of years did not increase or decrease according to the density of historical events.

經辰之未二千一百六十八：甲午八、乙未九、丙申十、丁酉十一、戊戌十二、己亥十三、庚子十四、辛丑十五、壬寅十六、癸卯十七、甲辰十八、乙巳，夏洩。丙午二、丁未三、戊申四、己酉五、庚戌六、辛亥七、壬子八、癸丑九、甲寅十、乙卯十一、丙辰十二、丁巳十三、戊午十四、己未十五、庚申十六、辛酉，夏不降。壬戌二、癸亥三。

The sixth dynasty is the two thousand one hundred and sixty-eighth dynasty, from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 2007 to 1978 BC. The beginning Jiawu is the eighth year of the reign of King Mang. Mang reigned for eighteen years, ending with Jiachen. Yisi is then recorded as the first year of the reign of King Xie, who succeeded Mang, corresponding to 1996 BC. Xie reigned for sixteen years, ending with Gengshen. Xinyou is then recorded as the first year of the reign of King Bujiang, corresponding to 1980 BC; Renxu is the second year of Bujiang's reign, and Guihai is the third year. This dynasty only changes the imperial title and continues the count of years, without recording any specific events. The "Bamboo Annals" mention that during Xie's reign, he ordered the nine夷 to pay homage, and Bujiang once led an army to attack the nine Yuans, which were events during these thirty years. However, since there are no exact years to associate with, they are not included in the table.

經辰之申二千一百六十九：甲子四、乙丑五、丙寅六、丁卯七、戊辰八、己巳九、庚午十、辛未十一、壬申十二、癸酉十三、甲戌十四、乙亥十五、丙子十六、丁丑十七、戊寅十八、己卯十九、庚辰二十、辛巳二十一、壬午二十二、癸未二十三、甲申二十四、乙酉二十五、丙戌二十六、丁亥二十七、戊子二十八、己丑二十九、庚寅三十、辛卯三十一、壬辰三十二、癸巳三十三。

The Shēn Shì is the two thousand one hundred and sixty-ninth generation, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the period from 1977 B.C. to 1948 B.C., a total of thirty years within the reign of the Xia ruler Bujiang. The starting Jiazi year corresponds to the fourth year of Bujiang's reign, and the ending Guisi year corresponds to the thirty-third year of his reign. Converted into the Gregorian calendar, the starting Jiazi year is 1977 B.C., and the ending Guisi year is 1948 B.C. Bujiang reigned for a total of fifty-nine years, the longest reign in the Xia dynasty. This generation accounts for only thirty of those years. The text contains no words, and readers can only imagine the peaceful times from the length of the years. This matches Shao Yong's method of "numbers preceding events"—first calculating the year structure through the concepts of the Great Cycle, Great Period, Great Movement, and Great Generation, then filling in historical events. If there were events, they would be recorded; if not, they would be left blank.

經辰之酉二千一百七十：甲午三十四、乙未三十五、丙申三十六、丁酉三十七、戊戌三十八、己亥三十九、庚子四十、辛丑四十一、壬寅四十二、癸卯四十三、甲辰四十四、乙巳四十五、丙午四十六、丁未四十七、戊申四十八、己酉四十九、庚戌五十、辛亥五十一、壬子五十二、癸丑五十三、甲寅五十四、乙卯五十五、丙辰五十六、丁巳五十七、戊午五十八、己未五十九、庚申，夏扃。辛酉二、壬戌三、癸亥四。

The reign of the Western Xia dynasty began in the 2170th generation, starting from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1947 BC to 1918 BC. The initial Jiawu year was the 34th year of Xunwang. Xunwang reigned for a total of 59 years, ending with Jiwei in 1922 BC. The following year, Gengshen, marked the beginning of the reign of Xiong, known as Xiong's first year, which was 1921 BC, when Xunwang passed the throne to his younger brother Xiong. Xinyou was Xiong's second year, Renxu was the third, and Guihai was the fourth. The Xia dynasty's imperial succession changed from father to son to brother to brother for the first time. Shao Yong recorded the sequence according to the order in the "Records of the Grand Historian: Xia Dynasty," only noting the names without making any commentary. Converted to the Gregorian calendar, the initial Jiawu year corresponds to 1947 BC, the year Gengshen when Xunwang passed the throne to his younger brother corresponds to 1921 BC, and the final Guihai year corresponds to 1918 BC. Xunwang, having reigned for a long time, later abdicated in favor of his younger brother and did not pass the throne to his son. Both the "Records of the Grand Historian" and the "Bamboo Annals" record this, making it a unique case in the succession of the Xia dynasty's throne.

經辰之戌二千一百七十一：甲子五、乙丑六、丙寅七、丁卯八、戊辰九、己巳十、庚午十一、辛未十二、壬申十三、癸酉十四、甲戌十五、乙亥十六、丙子十七、丁丑十八、戊寅十九、己卯二十、庚辰二十一、辛巳，夏廑。壬午二、癸未三、甲申四、乙酉五、丙戌六、丁亥七、戊子八、己丑九、庚寅十、辛卯十一、壬辰十二、癸巳十三。

The 2171st generation begins with Jiazi and ends with Guisi, spanning from 1917 BC to 1888 BC. The initial Jiazi year corresponds to the fifth year of Xia Xiang. Xiang reigned for twenty-one years, ending with Gengchen. The year Xinsi is recorded as the first year of Xia Jin, which began in 1900 BC, when Xiang's son Jin succeeded to the throne. Renwu is the second year of Jin, and continuing in order, Guisi is the thirteenth year. Jin is also written as Yunjia, and in the Records of the Grand Historian, he is listed before Kongjia. This generation still lacks historical records. The Bamboo Annals mention that during Jin's reign, ten suns appeared together, and it also states that his capital was located in Xihé. From Kongjia onwards, although the Xia dynasty did not undergo major changes, its strength was gradually declining. The empty year arrangement of this generation reflects that period of quiet decline.

經辰之亥二千一百七十二：甲午十四、乙未十五、丙申十六、丁酉十七、戊戌十八、己亥十九、庚子二十、辛丑二十一、壬寅，夏孔甲。癸卯二、甲辰三、乙巳四、丙午五、丁未六、戊申七、己酉八、庚戌九、辛亥十、壬子十一、癸丑十二、甲寅十三、乙卯十四、丙辰十五、丁巳十六、戊午十七、己未十八、庚申十九、辛酉二十、壬戌二十一、癸亥二十二。

The Hài world is the two thousand one hundred seventy-second world, also the last world of the one hundred eighty-first cycle, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the period from 1887 to 1858 BC. The initial Jiawu is the fourteenth year of Xia Jin. Jin reigned for twenty-one years, ending with Xinchou. In the following Rennyin, it is recorded as the first year of Xia Kongjia, meaning Kongjia succeeded his father, Bing, to the throne in 1879 BC. Guimao is the second year of Kongjia, continuing in order until Guihai, which is the twenty-second year of Kongjia. The Records of the Grand Historian, Summer Annals, states that Kongjia enjoyed worshiping ghosts and spirits and indulged in licentiousness, leading to the decline of the Xia dynasty's virtue. Many feudal lords rebelled, and the decline of the Xia dynasty actually began from this time. The one hundred eighty-first cycle ends here with a total of three hundred sixty years, and the next section moves on to the one hundred eighty-second cycle.

觀物篇十六，以會經運四。經日之甲一，經月之未八。經星之乙一百八十二。經辰之子二千一百七十三：甲子二十三、乙丑二十四、丙寅二十五、丁卯二十六、戊辰二十七、己巳二十八、庚午二十九、辛未三十、壬申三十一、癸酉，夏皋。甲戌二、乙亥三、丙子四、丁丑五、戊寅六、己卯七、庚辰八、辛巳九、壬午十、癸未十一、甲申，夏發。乙酉二、丙戌三、丁亥四、戊子五、己丑六、庚寅七、辛卯八、壬辰九、癸巳十。

The sixteenth chapter of "Observing Things" is the fourth chapter of "Meeting the Cycle of the Heaven and Earth," recording the 182nd cycle, which includes the 2173rd to 2184th generations, a total of 360 years, corresponding to the period from 1857 BCE to 1498 BCE. The beginning of the chapter is written as "the eighth month of the cycle," but according to the 182nd cycle, it actually belongs to the seventh cycle's wu phase. The original text here is written as "wu eight," which is inconsistent with the "wu seven" in the previous and subsequent chapters, indicating a possible error in the printed version. The first generation, or the 2173rd generation, starts from Jiazi to Guisi, covering the period from 1857 BCE to 1828 BCE. The initial Jiazi corresponds to the 23rd year of King Kongjia of Xia. Kongjia reigned for 31 years, ending at Renshen. Guiyou is then titled as "Xia Gao," marking the first year of Gao's reign, which is 1848 BCE, when Gao, Kongjia's son, ascended the throne and reigned for 11 years. Jiashen is then titled as "Xia Fa," marking the first year of Fa's reign, which is 1837 BCE; Yiyou is the second year of Fa's reign, and so on, continuing in order until Guisi, which is the tenth year of Fa's reign.

經辰之丑二千一百七十四：甲午十一、乙未十二、丙申十三、丁酉十四、戊戌十五、己亥十六、庚子十七、辛丑十八、壬寅十九、癸卯，夏癸。甲辰二、乙巳三、丙午四、丁未五、戊申六、己酉七、庚戌八、辛亥九、壬子十、癸丑十一、甲寅十二、乙卯十三、丙辰十四、丁巳十五、戊午十六、己未十七、庚申十八、辛酉十九、壬戌二十、癸亥二十一。

The second thousand and seventieth fourth generation is the Chou generation, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the period from 1827 BCE to 1798 BCE. The initial Jiawu is the eleventh year of Xia Fa. Fa reigned for nineteen years, ending with RENYIN. The year Guimao is recorded as the first year of Xia Gui, i.e., 1818 BCE. Xia Gui is historically known as Xia Jie, the last ruler of the Xia dynasty, named Lü Gui. Shao Yong, following the "Records of the Grand Historian: Xia Dynasty," directly uses his name instead of the title Jie, which is a neutral approach typical of annalistic writing. Subsequently, Jiachen is the second year of Jie, and the years are listed sequentially until Guihai, which is the twenty-first year of Jie. Lü Gui ascended the throne in 1818 BCE, and fifty-two years later, Shang Tang overthrew the Xia dynasty.

經辰之寅二千一百七十五：甲子二十二、乙丑二十三、丙寅二十四、丁卯二十五、戊辰二十六、己巳二十七、庚午二十八、辛未二十九、壬申三十、癸酉三十一、甲戌三十二、乙亥三十三、丙子三十四、丁丑三十五、戊寅三十六、己卯三十七、庚辰三十八、辛巳三十九、壬午四十、癸未四十一、甲申四十二、乙酉四十三、丙戌四十四、丁亥四十五、戊子四十六、己丑四十七、庚寅四十八、辛卯四十九、壬辰五十、癸巳五十一。

The Yin era corresponds to the 2,175th generation, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, which falls entirely within the reign of King Jie of the Xia dynasty, from approximately 1797 BC to 1768 BC. The starting Jiazi year corresponds to the 22nd year of Jie's reign, and the ending Guisi year corresponds to the 51st year. Converted to the Common Era, the starting Jiazi year is 1797 BC, and the ending Guisi year is 1768 BC. King Jie is the longest-reigning tyrant recorded in this chronology. However, this generation contains no historical events; it only lists the years in order. It is said that Jie built the Qingsheng Palace and Youtai Palace, favored his concubine Mishi, and imprisoned Tang at Xiatai. Meanwhile, the power of Tang was quietly growing during these thirty years. However, since these accounts lack precise dates, Shao Yong did not record them. His purpose in compiling the chronology was first to establish the framework of years, and then to attach historical events. Since there were no events to attach in this generation, he simply continued to list the years in order.

經辰之卯二千一百七十六：甲午五十二、乙未，商湯。丙申二、丁酉三、戊戌四、己亥五、庚子六、辛丑七、壬寅八、癸卯九、甲辰十、乙巳十一、丙午十二、丁未十三、戊申，商太甲。己酉二、庚戌三、辛亥四、壬子五、癸丑六、甲寅七、乙卯八、丙辰九、丁巳十、戊午十一、己未十二、庚申十三、辛酉十四、壬戌十五、癸亥十六。

The second thousand and seventeenth generation is the卯世, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the period from 1767 BC to 1738 BC, which marks the transition from the Xia to the Shang dynasty. Jiawu is the fifty-second year of King Jie of Xia, which was 1767 BC, also the last year of the Xia dynasty. The next year, Yiwei, is titled as the first year of King Tang of Shang, which was 1766 BC, when King Tang expelled King Jie and established his rule, thus beginning the Shang dynasty. King Tang reigned for thirteen years, ending with Dingwei. In the year Wushen, the title was changed to "Shang Taijia," marking the first year of Taijia, which was 1753 BC. Taijia was the eldest grandson of King Tang, and at the beginning of his reign, he did not follow King Tang's laws and was exiled by Yi Yin to the桐宫. After three years of reflection, he returned to govern. The Book of Documents contains three chapters about Taijia, but this table only records the era name without detailing the events. Jiyou is the second year of Taijia, and continuing in order, the year Guihai is the sixteenth year of Taijia.

經辰之辰二千一百七十七：甲子十七、乙丑十八、丙寅十九、丁卯二十、戊辰二十一、己巳二十二、庚午二十三、辛未二十四、壬申二十五、癸酉二十六、甲戌二十七、乙亥二十八、丙子二十九、丁丑三十、戊寅三十一、己卯三十二、庚辰三十三、辛巳，商沃丁。壬午二、癸未三、甲申四、乙酉五、丙戌六、丁亥七、戊子八、己丑九、庚寅十、辛卯十一、壬辰十二、癸巳十三。

The Chén world is the 2,177th world, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 1737 BC to 1708 BC. The starting Jiazi corresponds to the 17th year of King Taijia of the Shang dynasty. Taijia reigned for 33 years, ending with Gengchen. Xinsi is recorded as the first year of King Wudi of Shang, which is 1720 BC, when Wudi, the son of Taijia, succeeded the throne. It is said that I Yin died during the reign of Wudi, who buried him with the rites of a Son of Heaven. The following year Renwu is the second year of Wudi's reign, and so on, continuing in order until Guisi, which is the thirteenth year of Wudi's reign. Converted to the Common Era, the starting Jiazi corresponds to 1737 BC, the Xinsi year when Wudi began his reign corresponds to 1720 BC, and the ending Guisi corresponds to 1708 BC. I Yin served as regent for five successive kings: Chengtang, Waijing, Zhongren, Taijia, and Wudi. This period marks the final years of his governance.

經辰之巳二千一百七十八：甲午十四、乙未十五、丙申十六、丁酉十七、戊戌十八、己亥十九、庚子二十、辛丑二十一、壬寅二十二、癸卯二十三、甲辰二十四、乙巳二十五、丙午二十六、丁未二十七、戊申二十八、己酉二十九、庚戌，商太庚。辛亥二、壬子三、癸丑四、甲寅五、乙卯六、丙辰七、丁巳八、戊午九、己未十、庚申十一、辛酉十二、壬戌十三、癸亥十四。

The fourth generation is the 2178th generation, from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1707 BC to 1678 BC. The starting Jiawu is the 14th year of King Wuding of the Shang dynasty. Wuding reigned for 29 years, ending at Jiyou. Gengxu is reclassified as the first year of King Taigeng, who was Wuding's younger brother, thus beginning in 1691 BC. During the early Shang dynasty, the throne was often passed between brothers, with both elder brother succession and father-son succession practiced. This passage clearly illustrates this characteristic. Xinhai is the second year of Taigeng, and continuing in order, Guihai is the 14th year of Taigeng. Converted to the common era, the starting Jiawu corresponds to 1707 BC, the beginning of Taigeng's reign in Gengxu corresponds to 1691 BC, and the ending Guihai corresponds to 1678 BC.

經辰之午二千一百七十九：甲子十五、乙丑十六、丙寅十七、丁卯十八、戊辰十九、己巳二十、庚午二十一、辛未二十二、壬申二十三、癸酉二十四、甲戌二十五、乙亥，商小甲。丙子二、丁丑三、戊寅四、己卯五、庚辰六、辛巳七、壬午八、癸未九、甲申十、乙酉十一、丙戌十二、丁亥十三、戊子十四、己丑十五、庚寅十六、辛卯十七、壬辰，商雍巳。癸巳二。

The fifth dynasty is the 2179th dynasty, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 1677 BC to 1648 BC. The initial Jiazi is the fifteenth year of King Tai Geng of Shang. Tai Geng reigned for twenty-five years, ending with Jiaxu. Yihai is recorded as the first year of Xiao Jia, the son of Tai Geng, who succeeded to the throne, reigning for seventeen years. Renchen is recorded as the first year of Yong Si, i.e., 1649 BC; Yong Si is the same as Yong Ji in the "Records of the Grand Historian: Annals of Yin," where the characters "Si" and "Ji" are similar and interchangeable, with the original text reading Yong Si. Guisi is the second year of Yong Ji, who reigned for twelve years in total. According to the "Records of the Grand Historian: Annals of Yin," the Shang dynasty began to decline from Yong Ji, with some feudal lords no longer coming to pay homage.

經辰之未二千一百八十：甲午三、乙未四、丙申五、丁酉六、戊戌七、己亥八、庚子九、辛丑十、壬寅十一、癸卯十二、甲辰，商太戊。乙巳二、丙午三、丁未四、戊申五、己酉六、庚戌七、辛亥八、壬子九、癸丑十、甲寅十一、乙卯十二、丙辰十三、丁巳十四、戊午十五、己未十六、庚申十七、辛酉十八、壬戌十九、癸亥二十。

The twenty-first dynasty was the second thousand and eightieth dynasty, from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1647 to 1618 BC. The beginning Jiawu was the third year of the reign of Shang King Yongji. Yongji reigned for twelve years, ending at Guimao. Jiachen is then recorded as the first year of Taiwu, the reign of Taiwu, who was Yongji's younger brother. Taiwu appointed Yizhe and Wuxian as his ministers. The Book of Documents contains chapters named "Xianyi" and "Yizhe," and during Taiwu's reign, the Shang dynasty was revived, with the feudal lords returning to allegiance. Later generations honored him as the Middle Ancestral King. He reigned for seventy-five years. Following this, Yisi was the second year of Taiwu's reign, and so on, until Guihai, which was the twentieth year of Taiwu's reign. From Woding downwards, the Shang dynasty saw several generations of brothers succeeding each other on the throne, with frequent changes in royal authority. It was only during Taiwu's reign that the Shang dynasty regained stability.

經辰之申二千一百八十一：甲子二十一、乙丑二十二、丙寅二十三、丁卯二十四、戊辰二十五、己巳二十六、庚午二十七、辛未二十八、壬申二十九、癸酉三十、甲戌三十一、乙亥三十二、丙子三十三、丁丑三十四、戊寅三十五、己卯三十六、庚辰三十七、辛巳三十八、壬午三十九、癸未四十、甲申四十一、乙酉四十二、丙戌四十三、丁亥四十四、戊子四十五、己丑四十六、庚寅四十七、辛卯四十八、壬辰四十九、癸巳五十。

The Shēn Dynasty is the two thousand one hundred and eighty-first dynasty, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, which corresponds to the years from 1617 BCE to 1588 BCE, entirely within the reign of King Taiwu of the Shang Dynasty. The first Jiazi year is the twenty-first year of Taiwu's reign, and the last Guisi year is the fiftieth year of his reign. Taiwu reigned for seventy-five years, making him the longest-reigning monarch of the Shang Dynasty. This dynasty is listed only by year and not by events, following the same method as the previous dynasty of Xia Jie. Converted to the Gregorian calendar, the first Jiazi year corresponds to 1617 BCE, and the last Guisi year corresponds to 1588 BCE. The "Records of the Grand Historian: Annals of Yin" states that during Taiwu's reign, the capital Bo had two mulberry trees growing together in the court, which grew to a large size overnight. Yi Zhi considered this an omen of ill omen, advising Taiwu to reform his governance. Later, the mulberry trees withered and died, and the Yin dynasty was revived, with the feudal lords coming to pay homage. All these events occurred within this dynasty, but they are not recorded in the table, as the old records do not provide exact years. Shao Yong preferred to leave the entry blank rather than force events without specific years into a chronological table.

經辰之酉二千一百八十二：甲午五十一、乙未五十二、丙申五十三、丁酉五十四、戊戌五十五、己亥五十六、庚子五十七、辛丑五十八、壬寅五十九、癸卯六十、甲辰六十一、乙巳六十二、丙午六十三、丁未六十四、戊申六十五、己酉六十六、庚戌六十七、辛亥六十八、壬子六十九、癸丑七十、甲寅七十一、乙卯七十二、丙辰七十三、丁巳七十四、戊午七十五、己未，商仲丁。庚申二、辛酉三、壬戌四、癸亥五。

The eighth generation is the two thousand one hundred and eighty-second generation, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1587 BCE to 1558 BCE. The starting Jiawu is the fifty-first year of King Taiwu of Shang. Taiwu reigned for seventy-five years, ending at Wuwu in 1563 BCE. Jiwei is reclassified as the first year of King Zhongding, who succeeded Taiwu as his son, in 1562 BCE. Zhongding moved the capital to Ao and launched military campaigns against the Lan Yi, marking the beginning of a period of frequent capital relocations and disputes over the throne in the Shang dynasty. Gengshen is the second year of Zhongding, and continuing in order, Guihai is the fifth year of Zhongding. Converted to the common era, the starting Jiawu corresponds to 1587 BCE, the reclassification of Jiwei as the first year of Zhongding corresponds to 1562 BCE, and the ending Guihai corresponds to 1558 BCE. The seventy-five years of peace during the reign of the Middle King came to an end, and the Shang dynasty subsequently began its decline.

經辰之戌二千一百八十三：甲子六、乙丑七、丙寅八、丁卯九、戊辰十、己巳十一、庚午十二、辛未十三、壬申，商外壬。癸酉二、甲戌三、乙亥四、丙子五、丁丑六、戊寅七、己卯八、庚辰九、辛巳十、壬午十一、癸未十二、甲申十三、乙酉十四、丙戌十五、丁亥，商河亶甲。戊子二、己丑三、庚寅四、辛卯五、壬辰六、癸巳七。

The 2183rd generation is the Xuxi generation, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years 1557 BC to 1528 BC. The initial Jiazi year was the sixth year of King Zhongding of Shang. Zhongding reigned for thirteen years, ending with the Xinwei year. The Renshen year was renamed as the first year of King Wairen, the brother of Zhongding, who reigned for fifteen years. The Dinghai year was renamed as the first year of King Hedanjia, the brother of Wairen, who reigned and moved the capital to Xiang. After Zhongding, there was contention among his sons, leading to frequent disorder, and the feudal lords did not pay homage. This period is known as the "Nine Generations of Chaos," and this generation marks the beginning of the turmoil. The Wuzi year was the second year of Hedanjia, and continuing in order, the Guisi year was the seventh year.

經辰之亥二千一百八十四：甲午八、乙未九、丙申，商祖乙。丁酉二、戊戌三、己亥四、庚子五、辛丑六、壬寅七、癸卯八、甲辰九、乙巳十、丙午十一、丁未十二、戊申十三、己酉十四、庚戌十五、辛亥十六、壬子十七、癸丑十八、甲寅十九、乙卯，商祖辛。丙辰二、丁巳三、戊午四、己未五、庚申六、辛酉七、壬戌八、癸亥九。

The Hài Shì era is the two thousand one hundred eighty-fourth era, and the last era of the one hundred eighty-second cycle. From Jiawu to Guihai, this period spans from 1527 BC to 1498 BC. The first year Jiawu is the eighth year of King He Dianjia of the Shang dynasty. King He Dianjia reigned for nine years, ending with Yiwei. In Bingshen, the era is renamed as the first year of King Zu Yi, who succeeded his father He Dianjia. King Zu Yi moved the capital to Xing and appointed Wu Xian as his prime minister, reviving the Yin dynasty. He is later mentioned together with Taowu and Wudi. King Zu Yi reigned for nineteen years, ending with Jiayin. In Yimao, the era is renamed as the first year of King Zu Xin, which is 1506 BC. Bingchen is the second year of King Zu Xin, and the sequence continues up to Guihai as the ninth year of King Zu Xin. The one hundred eighty-second cycle is thus completed over a span of three hundred and sixty years.

皇極經世書卷三下。觀物篇十七，以會經運五。經日之甲一，經月之午七。經星之丙一百八十三。經辰之子二千一百八十五：甲子十、乙丑十一、丙寅十二、丁卯十三、戊辰十四、己巳十五、庚午十六、辛未，商沃甲。壬申二、癸酉三、甲戌四、乙亥五、丙子六、丁丑七、戊寅八、己卯九、庚辰十、辛巳十一、壬午十二、癸未十三、甲申十四、乙酉十五、丙戌十六、丁亥十七、戊子十八、己丑十九、庚寅二十、辛卯二十一、壬辰二十二、癸巳二十三。

This is the beginning of volume three of The Supreme Principles Governing the World. It is the seventeenth chapter, "Observing Things," the fifth chapter under the section "Converging the Heavenly Mandate and the Earthly Cycle," recording the 183rd cycle. It still belongs to the seventh division of the first great cycle, the午 division, covering the 2,185th to 2,196th generations, totaling 360 years, from 1497 to 1138 BCE. The first generation, the 2,185th, spans from Jiazi to Guisi, from 1497 to 1468 BCE. The initial Jiazi year is the tenth year of King Zuxin of Shang. Zuxin reigned for sixteen years, ending at Gengwu. Xinwei is marked as the first year of the reign of King Guo Jia, also known as King Kaima, the brother of Zuxin. Following this, Renshen is the second year of Kaima's reign, and so on, in order, until Guisi, which is the twenty-third year of Kaima's reign. Zuxin passed the throne to his brother rather than his son, which was still the common method of succession in the Shang dynasty.

經辰之丑二千一百八十六：甲午二十四、乙未二十五、丙申，商祖丁。丁酉二、戊戌三、己亥四、庚子五、辛丑六、壬寅七、癸卯八、甲辰九、乙巳十、丙午十一、丁未十二、戊申十三、己酉十四、庚戌十五、辛亥十六、壬子十七、癸丑十八、甲寅十九、乙卯二十、丙辰二十一、丁巳二十二、戊午二十三、己未二十四、庚申二十五、辛酉二十六、壬戌二十七、癸亥二十八。

The second thousand and one hundred and eight-sixth generation is the Chou generation, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1467 to 1438 BCE. The initial Jiawu year is the twenty-fourth year of the reign of Wang Jia of the Shang dynasty. Wang Jia reigned for twenty-five years, ending with the Yiwei year. The Bingshen year is recorded as the first year of the reign of Zu Ding, the son of Zu Xin, making it 1465 BCE. From the middle of Ding during the reign of Ding, the Shang dynasty experienced a period of succession struggles between the sons of brothers, and Zu Ding's ascension, following his uncle Wang Jia, exemplifies this "nine-generation chaos." The Dingyou year is the second year of Zu Ding's reign, and continuing in order, the Guihai year is the twenty-eighth year of his reign. Converted to the Gregorian calendar, the initial Jiawu year corresponds to 1467 BCE, the Bingshen year, when Zu Ding began his reign, corresponds to 1465 BCE, and the final Guihai year corresponds to 1438 BCE.

經辰之寅二千一百八十七：甲子二十九、乙丑三十、丙寅三十一、丁卯三十二、戊辰，商南庚。己巳二、庚午三、辛未四、壬申五、癸酉六、甲戌七、乙亥八、丙子九、丁丑十、戊寅十一、己卯十二、庚辰十三、辛巳十四、壬午十五、癸未十六、甲申十七、乙酉十八、丙戌十九、丁亥二十、戊子二十一、己丑二十二、庚寅二十三、辛卯二十四、壬辰二十五、癸巳，商陽甲。

The second thousand and eight十七th generation begins with Jiazi and ends with Guisi, spanning from 1437 to 1408 BCE. The initial Jiazi corresponds to the twenty-ninth year of King Zuding of the Shang dynasty. Zuding reigned for thirty-two years, ending with Dingmao. Wuchen is then recorded as the first year of King Nangeng of the Shang, which was 1433 BCE. Nangeng, son of Wuji, succeeded to the throne and moved the capital to Yan, ruling for twenty-five years. The final Guisi is recorded as the first year of King Yangjia of the Shang, which was 1408 BCE. Yangjia, son of Zuding, succeeded to the throne. The Records of the Grand Historian: The Annals of Yin states that during the reign of King Yangjia, the Yin dynasty declined. Since Zhongding, the succession was abandoned in favor of other sons, and these sons often competed for the throne, leading to chaos over nine generations. Thus, the feudal lords ceased to pay homage. Nangeng reigned for twenty-five years.

經辰之卯二千一百八十八：甲午二、乙未三、丙申四、丁酉五、戊戌六、己亥七、庚子，商盤庚。辛丑二、壬寅三、癸卯四、甲辰五、乙巳六、丙午七、丁未八、戊申九、己酉十、庚戌十一、辛亥十二、壬子十三、癸丑十四、甲寅十五、乙卯十六、丙辰十七、丁巳十八、戊午十九、己未二十、庚申二十一、辛酉二十二、壬戌二十三、癸亥二十四。

The second thousand one hundred and eighty-eighth generation is the卯世, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years 1407 to 1378 BCE. The initial Jiawu is the second year of King Yangjia of Shang. Yangjia reigned for seven years, ending with Jihai. The year Gengzi is reclassified as the first year of King Banggeng, marking the beginning of the reign of King Banggeng, who was the younger brother of Yangjia. King Banggeng moved the capital southward from Yan to Yin, curbed the grievances of the nobles, and implemented the policies of King Chengtang, thus reviving the Shang dynasty. The feudal lords came to pay homage, and the Book of Documents contains three chapters, Upper, Middle, and Lower, detailing the events of this relocation. The Shang dynasty was then referred to as Yin from this point onward. This table only lists the reign titles under the stem-branch combinations, without separately noting the year of the relocation to Yin. Xinchou is the second year of King Banggeng, and the sequence continues up to Guihai, which is the twenty-fourth year of King Banggeng's reign.

經辰之辰二千一百八十九：甲子二十五、乙丑二十六、丙寅二十七、丁卯二十八、戊辰，商小辛。己巳二、庚午三、辛未四、壬申五、癸酉六、甲戌七、乙亥八、丙子九、丁丑十、戊寅十一、己卯十二、庚辰十三、辛巳十四、壬午十五、癸未十六、甲申十七、乙酉十八、丙戌十九、丁亥二十、戊子二十一、己丑，商小乙。庚寅二、辛卯三、壬辰四、癸巳五。

The Chén dynasty was the 2189th dynasty, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 1377 BCE to 1348 BCE. The initial Jiazi year was during the 25th year of King Pan Geng of Shang. Pan Geng reigned for 28 years, ending with the Dingmao year. The Wuchen year was changed to "Shang Xiao Xin," marking the first year of Xiao Xin, which was 1373 BCE. Xiao Xin, the brother of Pan Geng, succeeded to the throne and reigned for 21 years; according to the Records of the Grand Historian, after Xiao Xin's ascension, the Yin dynasty once again declined, and the people missed Pan Geng. Thus, someone composed the essay "Pan Geng." The Jichou year was changed to "Shang Xiao Yi," marking the first year of Xiao Yi, which was 1352 BCE. Xiao Yi, the brother of Xiao Xin, succeeded to the throne and was the father of Wu Ding. The Gengyin year was the second year of Xiao Yi, continuing in sequence until the Guisi year, which was the fifth year.

經辰之巳二千一百九十：甲午六、乙未七、丙申八、丁酉九、戊戌十、己亥十一、庚子十二、辛丑十三、壬寅十四、癸卯十五、甲辰十六、乙巳十七、丙午十八、丁未十九、戊申二十、己酉二十一、庚戌二十二、辛亥二十三、壬子二十四、癸丑二十五、甲寅二十六、乙卯二十七、丙辰二十八、丁巳，商武丁。戊午二、己未三、庚申四、辛酉五、壬戌六、癸亥七。

The fourth era, known as the Jiawu era, corresponds to the 2190th generation, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, which dates from 1347 BCE to 1318 BCE. The beginning of the Jiawu era was the sixth year of Xiao Yi of the Shang dynasty. Xiao Yi reigned for 28 years, ending with the Bingchen era. The Dingsi era is marked as the first year of Wu Ding, the son of Xiao Yi, who succeeded to the throne. Wu Ding initially remained silent for three years, with state affairs decided by the Grand Minister. Later, he had a dream of Fu Yue, who was working with rammed earth, and appointed him as his prime minister. Under Fu Yue's guidance, the Shang dynasty experienced great prosperity. Wu Ding also launched a three-year campaign against the Gufang people and defeated them. He reigned for 59 years and was later known as the High Ancestor. The Shang dynasty's Book of Documents contains three chapters titled "Sayings of Fu Yue" and another chapter titled "The High Ancestor's Day of Sacrifice," which recount these events. The Wuwu era corresponds to the second year of Wu Ding's reign, and continuing in order, the Guihai era is the seventh year of Wu Ding's reign.

經辰之午二千一百九十一：甲子八、乙丑九、丙寅十、丁卯十一、戊辰十二、己巳十三、庚午十四、辛未十五、壬申十六、癸酉十七、甲戌十八、乙亥十九、丙子二十、丁丑二十一、戊寅二十二、己卯二十三、庚辰二十四、辛巳二十五、壬午二十六、癸未二十七、甲申二十八、乙酉二十九、丙戌三十、丁亥三十一、戊子三十二、己丑三十三、庚寅三十四、辛卯三十五、壬辰三十六、癸巳三十七。

The fifth world era is the 2191st era, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, corresponding to the years from 1317 BCE to 1288 BCE, all thirty years falling within the reign of King Wu Ding of the Shang dynasty. The beginning Jiazi corresponds to the eighth year of Wu Ding, and the ending Guisi corresponds to the thirty-seventh year of Wu Ding. Converted into the Common Era, the beginning Jiazi is 1317 BCE, and the ending Guisi is 1288 BCE. This was the period of greatest strength for the Shang dynasty, historically known as the "Wu Ding Revival." Events such as obtaining Fu Yue from the construction site and appointing him as prime minister, and the three-year campaign against the Gufang people which resulted in victory, as recorded in the Book of Documents, the Shuoying and the I Ching, all occurred within these thirty years. However, old historical records do not provide exact years for these events. This table does not associate any specific events, but merely fills out the number of years in the reign. This shows that Shao Yong's emphasis was not on the quantity of events, but on whether the number of years fits the structure of the yuan, hui, yun, and shi systems.

經辰之未二千一百九十二：甲午三十八、乙未三十九、丙申四十、丁酉四十一、戊戌四十二、己亥四十三、庚子四十四、辛丑四十五、壬寅四十六、癸卯四十七、甲辰四十八、乙巳四十九、丙午五十、丁未五十一、戊申五十二、己酉五十三、庚戌五十四、辛亥五十五、壬子五十六、癸丑五十七、甲寅五十八、乙卯五十九、丙辰，商祖庚。丁巳二、戊午三、己未四、庚申五、辛酉六、壬戌七、癸亥，商祖甲。

The sixth world era is the second thousand and nineteenth era, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1287 to 1258 BCE. The starting point, Jiawu, is the thirty-eighth year of King Wu Ding of the Shang dynasty. Wu Ding reigned for fifty-nine years, ending with Yimao, which corresponds to 1266 BCE. Bingchen is then recorded as the first year of King Zu Geng, Wu Ding's son, who reigned for seven years. At the end of the era, Guihai is recorded as the first year of King Zu Jia, Zu Geng's younger brother, who reigned from 1258 BCE. The Book of Documents, "Wuyi," mentions Zu Jia alongside Ta Wu and Wu Ding, stating that he was once a common person who understood the hardships of farming and could protect and benefit the people. However, the Records of the Grand Historian says that King Jia was licentious and caused the Shang dynasty to decline again. These two accounts differ, so this table only lists the titles of the kings without making judgments. Zu Geng reigned for seven years in total.

經辰之申二千一百九十三：甲子二、乙丑三、丙寅四、丁卯五、戊辰六、己巳七、庚午八、辛未九、壬申十、癸酉十一、甲戌十二、乙亥十三、丙子十四、丁丑十五、戊寅十六、己卯十七、庚辰十八、辛巳十九、壬午二十、癸未二十一、甲申二十二、乙酉二十三、丙戌二十四、丁亥二十五、戊子二十六、己丑二十七、庚寅二十八、辛卯二十九、壬辰三十、癸巳三十一。

The Shēn dynasty was the two thousand one hundred and ninety-third dynasty, spanning from Jiazi to Guisi, which corresponds to the years 1257 to 1228 BCE, entirely during the reign of King Zujia of Shang. The first Jiazi year was the second year of Zujia's reign, and the last Guisi year was the thirty-first year. Converted to the Common Era, the first Jiazi year corresponds to 1257 BCE, and the last Guisi year corresponds to 1228 BCE. Zujia reigned for thirty-three years, during which many of the Shang dynasty's institutions and regulations were reformed. The Zhou people, in their later accounts of Shang kings, still listed him among the virtuous rulers who ruled for a long time. Since Pan Geng moved the capital to Yin, the Shang dynasty did not move its capital again. The three generations of Wu Ding, Zu Geng, and Zu Jia succeeded each other for over a hundred years, which was the most prosperous period of the Shang capital. However, these details are known only through later unearthed oracle bones. The old historical records from the Song dynasty only provided a list of kings and their reign years. This table contains all the information known at that time. This dynasty had no notable events, so it was recorded only by the reign year.

經辰之酉二千一百九十四：甲午三十二、乙未三十三、丙申，商廩辛。丁酉二、戊戌三、己亥四、庚子五、辛丑六、壬寅，商庚丁。癸卯二、甲辰三、乙巳四、丙午五、丁未六、戊申七、己酉八、庚戌九、辛亥十、壬子十一、癸丑十二、甲寅十三、乙卯十四、丙辰十五、丁巳十六、戊午十七、己未十八、庚申十九、辛酉二十、壬戌二十一、癸亥，商武乙。

The Youshi dynasty is the 2194th dynasty, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1227 to 1198 BCE. The beginning Jiawu is the 32nd year of King Zujia of Shang. Zujia reigned for 33 years, ending with Yiwei. In Bingshen, it is changed to "Shang Linxin," marking the first year of Linxin, which is 1225 BCE, when Linxin, the son of Zujia, succeeded to the throne and reigned for six years. In Renyin, it is changed to "Shang Gengding," marking the first year of Gengding, which is 1219 BCE; Gengding, also known as Kangding in the Records of the Grand Historian, is the brother of Linxin and reigned for twenty-one years. At the end of the dynasty, Guihai is changed to "Shang Wuyi," marking the first year of Wuyi, which is 1198 BCE, when Wuyi, the son of Gengding, succeeded to the throne. Wuyi was a tyrant, and he was said to have shot at the sky, an act known as "shooting the heavens." Later, while hunting between the rivers He and Wei, he was struck by a thunderbolt and killed. The Records of the Grand Historian describe this event in detail, but it is not included in this table.

經辰之戌二千一百九十五：甲子二、乙丑三、丙寅四、丁卯，商太丁。戊辰二、己巳三、庚午，商帝乙。辛未二、壬申三、癸酉四、甲戌五、乙亥六、丙子七、丁丑八、戊寅九、己卯十、庚辰十一、辛巳十二、壬午十三、癸未十四、甲申十五、乙酉十六、丙戌十七、丁亥十八、戊子十九、己丑二十、庚寅二十一、辛卯二十二、壬辰二十三、癸巳二十四。

The 2195th generation begins with the Jiazi cycle, spanning from the year before 1197 BCE to the year before 1168 BCE. The initial Jiazi year corresponds to the second year of King Wu Yi of Shang. Wu Yi reigned for four years, ending with the Bingyin year. The Dingmao year is then recorded as the first year of King Tai Ding of Shang, who succeeded Wu Yi. Tai Ding, also known as Wen Ding in oracle bone inscriptions, reigned for three years and was killed by King Ji Li of the Zhou. The Gengwu year is then recorded as the first year of King Di Yi of Shang, who succeeded Tai Ding. He was the father of King Zhou. Xinwei is the second year of Di Yi's reign, and the years are counted sequentially until Guisi, which is the 24th year of Di Yi's reign.

經辰之亥二千一百九十六：甲午二十五、乙未二十六、丙申二十七、丁酉二十八、戊戌二十九、己亥三十、庚子三十一、辛丑三十二、壬寅三十三、癸卯三十四、甲辰三十五、乙巳三十六、丙午三十七、丁未，商受辛。戊申二、己酉三、庚戌四、辛亥五、壬子六、癸丑七、甲寅八、乙卯九、丙辰十、丁巳十一、戊午十二、己未十三、庚申十四、辛酉十五、壬戌十六、癸亥十七，錫周文王命為西伯。

The Hài world is the two thousand one hundred and ninety-sixth world, also the last world of the one hundred and eighty-third cycle, spanning from Jiawu to Guihai, corresponding to the years from 1167 to 1138 BC. The beginning Jiawu is the twenty-fifth year of King Di Yi of the Shang dynasty. King Di Yi reigned for thirty-seven years, ending with Bingwu. In Dingwei, the title changes to "Shang Shousheng," marking the first year of Shousheng, which is 1154 BC. Shousheng is King Zhou of Shang, named Shou, with the title Di Xin, the last ruler of the Shang dynasty. Shao Yong, following convention, records his name directly without using the title Zhou. The end of the world, Guihai, is the seventeenth year of Shousheng, 1138 BC, which corresponds to the historical event of the Shang king granting a mandate to King Wen of Zhou, Ji Chang, appointing him as the leader of the western feudal lords, known as Xiboshi. From this point, the Zhou dynasty gained the authority to wage war independently and to win the hearts of the people, setting the stage for the transition from the Shang to the Zhou dynasty. The one hundred and eighty-third cycle is thus completed, and the next cycle enters the era of the fall of Shang and the rise of Zhou.