On the type of grave site shaped like a breast.

不紐會圖　左右兩臂弓抱，不紐會。　紐會圖　左右兩臂弓抱而紐會。乳穴即廖氏懸乳穴也。一名垂乳，一名乳頭，乃穴星開兩臂，中間生乳者是也。平地高山皆有之。除星體另論外見穴星卷，而乳之為形，凡六格：曰長乳，曰短乳，曰大乳，曰小乳。此四者為正格。曰雙垂乳，曰三垂乳。此兩者為變格。

At the beginning there are two illustrations, but the original images are lost, only the titles and annotations remain. One is titled "Diagram of Non-Interlocking Arms," with the annotation stating that the left and right arms are bent like bows, embracing each other but without their ends meeting. The other is titled "Diagram of Interlocking Arms," with the annotation stating that the left and right arms are bent like bows, embracing each other and with their ends meeting. The following is the main text: The "milk spring" is what Liao Jinjing refers to as the "suspended milk spring," also called "hanging milk" or "milk head." Its appearance is that the star body extends forward with two arms spread out, and in the middle, a shape resembling a milk drop hangs down. It can be found on flat land and high mountains. The classification of star bodies is discussed in a separate section (original note: see the section on star bodies); focusing solely on the shape of the milk spring, there are six categories: long milk, short milk, large milk, small milk, these four being the standard categories; double hanging milk and triple hanging milk, these two being the variant categories.

六格各有二體，一是左右兩臂弓抱紐會，一是左右兩臂弓抱不紐會。蓋乳穴最忌缺露凹折，故必有兩臂衛區，方為眞結作耳。六格之形，又各有俯仰不同。身俯則須脫煞就粘，面仰又宜湊球接脈，不可不審。若後龍眞的，入首明白，星辰合格，證作分曉，此穴極貴。廖氏云 “凡懸乳之穴，生氣凝聚而下垂，靈光發露而外見，兩宮具到，一乳正中，所以謂之吉穴”是也。

There are two types of forms for the six sections: one where the left and right arms curve like bows and meet at the ends, and another where they embrace but do not meet at the ends. Since the breast-shaped site is most忌讳 having openings exposed or concave breaks, it is necessary for both arms to guard this site, making it a true formation. The shapes of the six sections also differ in their orientation: if the mountain body is inclined forward, the method of "escaping evil and adhering closely" should be used, moving the site back below the foot of the breast to avoid sharp obstructions; if the mountain faces upward, then "approaching the ball and connecting the ridge" is suitable, bringing the site close to the ball part above the breast to receive the incoming ridge. These two methods must be carefully examined. If the dragon mountain is truly correct, the entrance is clear, the star form is appropriate, and the supporting evidence is clear, this site is extremely noble. Liao Jinjing said, "All hanging breast-shaped sites have life qi gathering and hanging down, with spiritual light revealing itself externally. Both sides are complete, and one breast is centered, so it is called a good site." Life qi gathers and flows down along the breast, with refined and elegant qi revealing itself externally, both sides are complete, and one breast shape is centered, hence it is called a good site.

大要圈中舒暢，乳上光圓。最忌兩臂無情，左空右缺，折陷凹虧，水穿風射。《經》云“乳頭之穴怕風缺，風缺入來人滅絕”是也。又有垂乳而斜曲者，謂之假乳。《經》云“凡是乳穴曲即非，曲是包裹非正穴”是也。蓋正中是垂乳，斜曲是山腳，故爾。

The general requirements are that the area enclosed by the two arms should be open and spacious, with the breast area smooth and round. It is most undesirable for the arms to be lifeless and emotionless, with the left side empty and the right side broken or indented, allowing water to flow through and wind to strike directly. The "Zang Jing" states, "A breast-shaped grave site fears wind and deficiency; if wind enters through the deficiency, the family line will perish." — A breast-shaped grave site is most afraid of having a gap that allows wind to enter, and once the wind enters, the family line will be extinguished. Additionally, there is another type where the breast shape hangs down but is crooked or twisted, known as "false breast." The "Zang Jing" says, "Any breast-shaped grave that is curved is not genuine; a curve indicates a protective ridge, not the main grave site." — Any breast-shaped grave that is curved is not genuine, for that curve represents a protective ridge rather than the main grave site. The true hanging breast must be centered, while a crooked or twisted one is actually the foot of the mountain, and this is the reason.

及有垂乳而粗頑、臃腫、峻急、崚嶒、突露、硬惡，皆謂凶乳。廖氏云：“飽肚粗如覆箕様，醜惡那堪相。”吳公云“粗雄臃腫及峻急，斗煞沖刑大不宜”是也。凡此之類，務須詳辨。如誤下之，主軍賊少亡，孤寒絕嗣，不可不慎。

In addition, those that hang down with a coarse and rugged shape, swollen and abrupt, uneven and jagged, protruding and exposed, stiff and fierce, are all called 'xiong ru' (凶乳). Liao Jinjing said, 'Ba du ku ru fu ji yang, chou e na kan xiang.' This means the abdomen is swollen and thick, resembling an inverted winnowing basket, so ugly that it is unbearable to look at. Wu Jingluan said, 'Cu xiong yong zhong ji jun ji, dou sha chong xing da bu yi.' This refers to breasts that are coarse, strong, swollen, and abrupt, carrying the qi of conflict and punishment, which is most unsuitable. All such forms must be carefully distinguished; if one is mistakenly buried in such a place, it will lead to descendants serving in the military or becoming thieves, early death in youth, or being lonely, poor, and eventually without descendants, which is not to be taken lightly.

乳形六格：長乳、短乳、大乳、小乳。此四者正格也。雙垂乳、三垂乳。此二者變格也。長乳圖　短乳圖　大乳圖　小乳圖　此長乳者，兩掬中間垂乳長也。不宜太長，太長則脈不活。前輩多以長乳分三停立穴，謂之天、地、人三才之穴，必須要有宛然平坦處，審前後左右四勢情意扦點。不可於峻急、直硬強勉鑿穴。大要兩弓將抱，一乳正中，不欹不側，不峻不粗，方為合格。若長而硬，粗而峻，如飽肚腫腳，如竹篙，如擲槍之類，則非眞結，不可下也。

The six forms of breast shapes are: long breast, short breast, large breast, and small breast, which are considered the standard forms; while double hanging breast and triple hanging breast are considered variant forms. The following four illustrations are titled "Long Breast Diagram," "Short Breast Diagram," "Large Breast Diagram," and "Small Breast Diagram." The original images have been lost, leaving only the titles and the descriptions for each form. First, the long breast: a long breast refers to the breast shape hanging between the two arms being long. However, it should not be too long, as excessive length makes the energy flow less flexible. Earlier masters often divided the long breast into upper, middle, and lower sections to determine the site, called the "Three Essentials" or "San Cai" points. However, one must find a naturally flat area and examine the surrounding mountains in front, behind, left, and right to determine the site, and not forcibly dig out a site in steep, abrupt, or rigid places. The general requirement is that the two arms bend like bows, embracing the central breast shape, which should not be crooked, tilted, steep, or thick. Only then is it considered proper. If it is both long and hard, thick and steep, resembling a swollen belly or a swollen foot, or like a bamboo pole or a thrown spear, then it is not a true formation and should not be used for burial.

此短乳者，兩掬中間垂乳短也。不可太短，太短則力微氣弱。須是短得其宜，界水明白為佳。大要左環右抱，一乳正中，不粗不峻，方為合格。若太短而急硬粗峻，界水不明，或如覆箕，或如頓鍾之類，則非眞結，不可下也。

The so-called short breast refers to a formation that appears as a short breast shape hanging between the two arms. However, it should not be too short, as excessive shortness indicates weak power and insufficient momentum. The shortness should be appropriate, with clear boundary waters on both sides being ideal. The overall requirement is that the left side encircles and the right side embraces, with a single central breast shape, neither thick nor steep, to be considered acceptable. If it is too short and abrupt, with rough and harsh features, and if the boundary waters are not distinct, forming shapes like an inverted bamboo basket or a large bell placed abruptly, then it is not a true formation and should not be chosen for burial.

此大乳者，兩掬中間垂乳大也。大近於粗。不可太大，太大則必粗頑臃腫。須是大得其中，不粗不飽為佳。大要左右彎環，抱衛有情，一乳正中，不欹不峻，方為合格。若大而粗，硬而急，肚飽臃腫，闊大懶坦，則無融結，不可下也。

The so-called large breast refers to the shape formed between the two arms, hanging down like a breast. Large breasts are prone to being coarse, so they should not be too large. If they are too large, they will necessarily be coarse, stubborn, and swollen. The size should be moderate, with neither coarseness nor swelling being desirable. The overall requirement is that the two arms should curve around and embrace, protecting the body with affection, with a single breast-like shape in the center, neither leaning to one side nor steep. Only then is it considered proper. If the breasts are both large and coarse, hard and abrupt, with a swollen and swollen abdomen, or if they are wide and lazy with a flat surface, then there is no formation, and it is not suitable for burial.

此小乳者，兩掬中間有微乳也。不可太小，太小則力微氣弱。又恐左右兩掬雄壓欺穴。須是小得其中，乳頭光圓，左右相稱為美。大要兩宮環抱，一乳正中，小而不弱，界水分明，不欹不峻，乃為合格。若太小而甚微，瘦弱尖細，左右欺穴，旁山高壓，則非眞穴，不可下也。

the so-called small breast, refers to a slight, tiny shape in the middle of the two arms. However, it should not be too small, for if it is too small, the strength is weak and the energy is insufficient, and it also fears that the two arms are too strong and overpower the site. Smallness should be moderate, with the nipple smooth, round and full, and harmonious with the left and right sides. The overall requirement is that both sides embrace, with a single breast shape in the center. Although small, it should not be weak, with clear boundaries, neither leaning nor steep. Only then is it considered qualified. If it is extremely tiny, thin, sharp and fine, and the two arms instead overpower the site, while the surrounding mountains press down heavily, then it is not a true site and cannot be used for burial.

雙垂乳圖　三垂乳圖　此乳形變格之雙垂乳者，兩掬中間垂下二乳也。要大小、長短均勻。可下雙穴，福力相等。須星辰尊重，雙乳齊垂，左右抱衛有情，方為合格。若一長一短，一大一小，一瘦一肥，一斜一正則非。宜審其特異者下之。若更不周正，勢非自然，必無融結，不可下也。

The following two figures are titled "Double Hanging乳房" and "Triple Hanging乳房". The original illustrations are lost, leaving only the titles and descriptions. First, the "Double Hanging乳房" is a variation of the乳房 shape: two乳房 shapes hanging between the two arms. The two乳房 should be of equal size and length, allowing for two burial sites, with equal fortune power. It is also necessary that the stars are noble and dignified, with the two乳房 hanging evenly and symmetrically, embracing and protecting the site affectionately, which would be considered proper. If one is longer or shorter, larger or smaller, thin or fat, slanted or straight, it would be improper. In such cases, one should examine the more outstanding one and bury only there. If neither is upright nor natural, and the form is not naturally formed, then it is certain that there is no formation, and burial should not be considered.

此乳形變格之三垂者，兩掬中間垂下三乳也。要大小、長短、肥瘦相等。可下三臺穴。須是後龍旺盛，氣勢弘大，方結此穴。必要三乳同垂，左右迴環，方為合格。若是三乳不均，偏正美惡有異，宜審中乳合格者下之。如中乳又不足觀，則非融結，不可下也。

Now talking about the Three Hanging乳房, which is a variant form of the乳房 shape: three乳房-like formations hang down between the two arms. The three乳房 should be equal in size, length, and thickness, allowing for three burial sites to be established, called the 'Three Platforms' sites. This kind of site can only form if the coming dragon is strong and the momentum is grand. The three乳房 must hang down evenly and be protected by the left and right in a circular manner to be considered proper. If the three乳房 are uneven, some leaning to one side, some straight, some good and some bad, one should examine whether the central one is proper. If it is proper, then the burial should be on the central乳房. If even the central one is not good, then it is not a true formation and should not be used for burial.

乳穴，其乳下又各有出金、出木、出水、出火、出土五格，具下：垂 金　生 水　夾 木　帶 火　穿 土　圓者為垂金，當乘金向墜處立穴，方為合法。　曲者為生水，當乘水動下平處立穴，方為合法。　直者為夾木，當分三停立穴，方為合法。　尖者為帶火，當壓殺剪火立穴，方為合法。　方者為穿土，當乘圓就方，量中心立穴。垂乳之下平齊即穿土。凡乳穴者，皆有此五等，及帶曜八格。圖繁，不及詳具。後穴星皆仿此。乳穴名地諸圖附下。

The breast mound is located at the lower part of the breast, and there are five categories: those that emit metal, water, wood, fire, and earth. These five categories are listed below. The titles of the five pictures are successively titled 「Dropping Gold」, 「Generating Water」, 「Enclosing Wood」, 「Accompanying Fire」, and 「Piercing Earth」. The original images have been lost, only the titles and annotations remain. The annotations explain: if the breast mound is round below the breast, it is called 「Dropping Gold」, and the site should be chosen at the place where the round shape hangs down, in accordance with the metal qi. If the breast mound is curved below the breast, it is called 「Generating Water」, and the site should be chosen at the flat place below the curve, in accordance with the water qi. If the breast mound is straight below the breast, it is called 「Enclosing Wood」, and the site should be chosen by dividing the breast mound into upper, middle, and lower parts, in accordance with the wood qi. If the breast mound is pointed below the breast, it is called 「Accompanying Fire」, and the site should be chosen by suppressing the evil qi, cutting off the sharp tip of fire, and then choosing the site, in accordance with the fire qi. If the breast mound is square below the breast, it is called 「Piercing Earth」, and the site should be chosen by following the round shape and making it square, measuring the center to choose the site. The flat and square part below the hanging breast is called 「Piercing Earth」. All breast mounds have these five types, as well as eight categories of 「Radiant Qi」. Because the pictures are too numerous, they cannot be fully detailed here. When discussing the site stars later, they will be followed in the same way. The various maps of the breast mound sites are attached below.

右地在銀邑治南五里，土名桐木塢。其龍來遠不述。比入局，開大帳，帳頂起三臺，落脈磊落，如群羊出棧奔躍，數峰可愛。入首復大斷過脈，轉身頓起星辰結穴。中垂長乳，旁開兩肩，穴安乳頭，不急不飽。前吐餘氈，右拖曜氣。近案一山，緊關內氣，逆收大河。前朝馬上貴人，端拱有情。內堂緊夾，外洋開暢。賴布衣記曰：“桐木塢中扦甲向，三代郡侯家富旺。”餘氏葬後，果出三郡守，曰述先者，其一也。皆守磁州，富盛未艾。左地在吾邑水車宅背。塢龍入局，連立數峰，奔騰磊落。將入首，大斷度脈，轉身垂短乳結穴。前吐餘氈，後拖鬼星。下臂逆掬有力，大溪環繞。前峰馬上貴人朝拱。葬後出念庭公鰲，登進士，官御史，今福祉未艾。

This piece of land on the right is located five miles south of the Yinyi County government office, in a place called Tongmu Wu. Its dragon ridge comes from a long distance, and we will not elaborate on that. Upon entering the site, there is a large pavilion with three peaks forming a shape like a platform. The ridge descends in an orderly manner, like a group of sheep rushing out of a pen. Several peaks are very attractive. At the "entry" point, there is another major break in the ridge, which turns abruptly and forms a star peak to form a burial site. The central body of the star peak hangs down a long hill, with shoulders on both sides. The burial site is located on the hilltop, neither too abrupt nor too swollen. In front of the burial site, there is a piece of land extending out, with a bright light on the right side. There is a case mountain nearby, which tightly blocks the internal energy, and receives the water from a large river in reverse direction. The facing mountain forms the shape of "a nobleman on a horse," standing upright and bowing respectfully, showing great affection. The internal bright hall is compact, while the external area is open. Lai Buyi wrote: "In Tongmu Wu, the burial site faces the direction of Jia, and the family will have three generations of wealthy and powerful officials." After the Yu family was buried here, indeed three officials of the prefecture level emerged, one of whom was named Yu Shuxian, and all three served as magistrates of Jizhou, and the family's fortune has remained prosperous to this day. The piece of land on the left is located behind the residence in Shuiche Village of our county. The dragon ridge from the valley enters this site, and several peaks rise up continuously, rushing and orderly. As it approaches the "entry" point, there is a major break in the ridge, which turns abruptly and forms a short hill to form a burial site. In front of the burial site, there is a piece of land extending out, and behind the burial site, there is a ghost star. Below, one arm is reversed to embrace tightly, showing great strength, with a large stream circling around. The mountain in front forms the shape of "a nobleman on a horse" coming forward to bow. After the burial, a man named Nianting Gong Yu Ao emerged, who passed the imperial examination and became a censor, and the family's blessings have not yet ceased.

下地在臺州府治東南七十里，地名水家洋。其龍來自蒼山，厯黃岩，迢遞數百里。中間剝換，不及詳述。至將結數里之外，如雲從霧擁，頓起星峰，橫開大帳，重重過峽，湧起御屏。屏中抽出一脈，石骨清奇，尖秀特異，如玉筍，呼為牛角尖。尖下串珠走馬，又過峽，頓起大陽。中垂大乳，兩肩開翅，亦如唐帽之勢。取仙人坦腹形，仙童案。

This piece of land is located seventy miles southeast of Taizhou Prefectural Office, known as Shuijia Yang. Its dragon ridge originates from Cang Mountain, passes through Huangyan, covering hundreds of miles; the intermediate transformations are too numerous to detail. Approaching the final convergence area within a few miles, the mountains appear like clouds and mist gathering, suddenly forming star-like peaks, spreading out in a grand formation, with multiple ridges passing through, rising up a mountain shaped like an imperial screen. Within the screen, a vein emerges, with clear and peculiar stone bones, sharp and elegant, resembling a jade shoot, known as "Niu Jiao Jian." Below Niu Jiao Jian are transitional mountain forms such as pearl beads and galloping horses. After another ridge, a mountain shaped like the Sun Star suddenly appears. The central body of the star hangs down a large ridge, with shoulders spread wide like wings, somewhat resembling a Tang Dynasty hat. This place is named "Xianren Tan Fu" shape, with the front case called "Xiantong An."

其前朝之山，乃自數十里共祖分枝，遶轉二十里，逆水上奔至穴當前，以為正應。又收明堂之水。其左山亦在十里前共祖分枝，星峰秀異，迭送至穴上手而止。頓起高巖白樓峰，是為北辰，鎮塞內水，挺然可怪，穴中不見。其水即左右兩源，皆自十里外夾送至穴前小明堂交紐。海潮一來，九曲而入。其大江水大交會，一邊天台、仙居、臨海三縣水會，一邊太平、黃岩二縣水會。大海門二山，皆在千里之外，至此交會，以作門戶。此門即臺郡大水口，此地卻近門戶，所謂“大地多居水口間”者是也。

The mountain in front is a branch of the same ancestral mountain, located dozens of miles away, which winds around for twenty miles, against the flow of water, to reach directly in front of the site, acting as the corresponding mountain facing it, while also controlling the water within the bright hall. The mountain on the left is also a branch from the same ancestral mountain, ten miles away, with star-like peaks that are elegant and distinct, layer by layer protecting and guiding the water to stop at the upper part of the site. There, a high rock rises abruptly with a white pavilion peak, which is called the "North Star," blocking the water within the inner hall. Although it appears somewhat strange in its upright form, it cannot be seen from the site. As for the water, it comes from two sources on both sides, each flowing in from ten miles away, converging at the small bright hall in front of the site. When the sea tide rises, it flows in with nine bends and curves. Outside of this, there is the great confluence of the big river: on one side, the waters from the three counties of Tiantai, Xianju, and Linhai meet, and on the other side, the waters from the two counties of Taiping and Huangyan meet. The two mountains at the sea gate are located thousands of miles away, meeting here to form the entrance of the water. This gate is the main water entrance of the prefecture of Taizhou, and this place is right near the gate, perfectly matching the saying "the great land mostly resides in the water entrance area."

葬後，出太守公龐，登癸丑進士。尚書公寬，登庚戍進士。儒官麟橋。坐庚向甲，貴應庚甲。尚書公甲戍生，太守公庚午生。但庚、酉、辛、甲、癸生人皆貴。且穴星端巖，昌、曲應位，宜有理學名臣、忠孝廉節之應。穴形乳頭大，而復開口平坦，做穴奇怪。初葬下級，復遷上級而得眞穴。

After burial, a certain official named Pang became an imperial examiner in the Guichou examination year; another official named Kuan became an imperial examiner in the Gengxu examination year; there was also a person named Linqiao who held an official post in the Confucian school. This site faces the direction of Jia and is oriented towards Geng, so the manifestation of prestige should be connected with the characters Geng and Jia. The official who became a minister was born in the Jiaxu year, and the official who became a prefect was born in the Gengwu year; all those born in the years of Geng, You, Xin, Jia, or Gui will achieve prestige. Moreover, the main star of the site is dignified, and the stars of literature and literary talent are in their proper positions, so it is suitable for the manifestation of scholars of rational learning and men of loyalty, filial piety, integrity, and righteousness. The shape of the site is a large breast-shaped hill, but the breast has an opening and is flat, making the burial site quite unique. At first, the burial was made on the lower level, but later it was moved to the upper level, and only then was the true site found.

右地在臺州府治南三里，土名紫紗岙。其龍發自望海峰，辭樓下殿，大頓小伏，委蛇奔行，有剝有換。比至結穴，作巨門土星。中落一脈，成帶福金星，微微開口，卻吐出唇氈，平坦百丈。後枕巨門如屏。屏後望海峰插入雲中。兩畔聳起尖峰，天乙、太乙、四神、八將、三吉皆相拱照。青龍本身一臂包外，雙塔挺然，應山遠在雲霄。下關逆水遶上，又有陰砂彎抱，小水纏於足下，交固周密，眞吉地也。其左畔一穴尤妙，蓋自帶福金星前分落，又復曲行數節，轉身做穴。界合明白，而內堂之水至此聚注。前有逆水下關之山以為正案，近身陰砂彎如金帶。乃其始祖葬後，科甲蟬聯，乃立愛、立微二公祖也。

This piece of land is located three miles south of Taizhou Prefectural Office, with the name Zisaha. Its dragon ridge originates from Wanghai Peak, then departs from the building platforms and descends in layers, rising and falling greatly, then slightly, winding and flowing along the way, undergoing transformations. As it approaches the point of convergence, it forms a massive gate star (Jumen Tu Xing). In the middle, a vein descends, forming the "Bring Blessing Gold Star," slightly opening to spit out a piece of flat land, stretching for hundreds of paces. Behind it, the gate star lies like a screen, with Wanghai Peak behind it piercing the clouds. On both sides, sharp peaks rise, with Tianyi, Taiyi, Sishen, Bajiang, Sanji and other stars surrounding and supporting it. On the side of the Azure Dragon, one arm of the mountain extends outward, with two towers standing upright, as if distant mountains in the clouds. The mountain blocking the lower part has a reverse stream flowing up, and there are also yin sands curving to embrace and protect it, with a small stream winding around its feet, forming a tight and secure convergence, indeed a favorable land. The left side of this land has a particularly excellent site: it branches off from the Bring Blessing Gold Star, then winds through several sections, turns back to form a site, with clear boundaries of the water dividing and merging. The internal bright hall's water converges here. In front, there is a mountain forming the main case with the reverse stream flowing down, and the close-by yin sands curve like a golden belt. This is the burial site of his family's first ancestor. After the burial, there have been continuous achievements in the imperial examinations, being the ancestral tomb of Li Ai and Li Wei, two officials.

右地在南康府治北，土名五里牌。其龍起廬山五老峰，廉貞火星作祖，開大帳，正脈中出，逶迤大斷過峽，起少祖山，又開帳連節，星峰頓跌棲閃，穿田度峽，起金水星，展翅飛蛾入首結穴。開鉗中垂小乳，伶俐圓淨。穴前平坦，氈唇左右彎環掬抱有情。其府治龍，自少祖山分左脈，逆水奔上，纏過穴前，包裹有力。當穴前塌落平田，以獻外秀。塌後復起高山，橫遶右畔，關鎖緊密，以收內氣。前小明堂低田僅十數丈。外陽洋瀾，左蠡大湖數十里暗朝。前面馬上貴人，隔湖端拱。其下白沙山，如褰旗，如橫枷，如叩首，如囚奴，伏列於下，眞美地也。葬後，出劍峰公陶尚德，登嘉靖丙戍進士，官至刑部尚書。母百歲重封，人丁大旺。

This piece of land is located to the south of the NanKang prefecture office, named Wuli Piao. Its dragon ridge originates from the Wulao Peak of Lu Mountain, with the Lianzhen fire star as its ancestral mountain. It spreads out in a large canopy, with the main ridge emerging from the center, winding and stretching, passing through a major break in the ridge, and rising to a minor ancestral mountain. It then continues to spread out several sections of canopy, with star peaks suddenly rising and falling, appearing and disappearing, crossing fields and passing through gorges, rising to a golden water star, like a moth spreading its wings, to form the site of the burial. The star body opens like a clamp, with a small nipple hanging in the middle, forming a neat and round shape. The site before the burial pit is flat, with the cushion lip on both sides curving and embracing, showing great affection. The dragon ridge of the prefecture city branches out from the minor ancestral mountain, taking the left branch, flowing against the water, winding around the site, and enclosing it strongly. Directly in front of the site, there is a flat field formed by the collapse, bringing in the beauty of the surrounding scenery; after the collapsed area, a high mountain rises, stretching across the right side, tightly enclosing and locking in the internal energy. The small bright hall in front of the site is a low field, only a few dozen zhang wide. Outside, there is a vast body of water, with the left Li Lake dozens of li away, quietly approaching. In front, a mountain shaped like a "horse-mounted nobleman" stands across the lake, bowing respectfully. The mountain of白沙 (BaiSha) below has various shapes, some like a rolled-up flag, some like a horizontal枷 (a type of restraint), some like a person bowing, some like a captive servant, all arranged in a line below, truly a fine piece of land. After burial, it produced Jianfeng Gong Tao Shangde, who passed the Jiajing Bingxu imperial examination and became the Minister of Justice; his mother was honored with a high title at the age of a hundred, and the family was very prosperous.

突 穴 圖　山谷之穴要藏風。故山谷之突穴，須左回右抱，切忌孤露受風。卜氏云“山谷且要藏風”是也。　平洋之穴要得水。故平洋之突，四畔坦夷，亦不為害。但要界水分明，水勢注聚，或遶抱為佳。卜氏云“平洋先須得水”。突穴即泡穴也。《葬書》云“形如覆金，其巔可富”是矣。凡曰雞心、魚泡、鵝卵、龍珠，及夫紫微旺龍等形，皆突穴之異名耳。乃穴星平中起突者也。

The opening is titled "Tuxue Tu" (Diagram of a Prominent Burial Site). The original diagram has been lost, but the title and two annotations remain. One says that in mountain valleys, the burial site should be able to retain wind, so a prominent burial site in a valley must have the left side curving back and the right side embracing it, and must avoid being isolated and exposed to wind; Bu Ying Tian's statement "valleys should also retain wind" expresses the same idea. Another says that in flat plains, the burial site should be able to gather water, so even though a prominent burial site in a plain may be surrounded by flat terrain, it is not necessarily harmful, as long as the water boundaries are clear, the water flows together to form a pond, or surrounds and embraces the site; Bu Ying Tian says "in plains, water should be first considered." The following is the main text: a prominent burial site is also called a "paoxue" (bubble-shaped site). The "Zangshu" says "its shape resembles an overturned golden bell, and its peak can bring wealth" — meaning that the site is shaped like an inverted golden bell, and burying there at its peak can bring wealth. All names such as "ji xin" (chicken heart), "yu pao" (fish bubble), "e luan" (egg-shaped), "long zhu" (dragon pearl), and "ziwei wanglong" (Ziwei旺盛dragon) are merely alternative names for a prominent burial site. Its appearance is when the burial star suddenly rises up in a flat area.

廖氏云如旋螺，如覆杓；卜氏云“平中一突為奇”；郭參軍曰“地有吉氣，土隨而起”者；皆突穴之謂也。平地高山皆有之，而平地為多。高山之突，必須左右環抱，兩臂周遮，方為眞。切忌孤露受風，生氣飄散。平洋之地，忽然起突，惟要界水明白，來脈分曉，左右雖皆平坦，亦不為害。高山求窟，平洋求突，故平洋多。俗謂蜘蛛結網、沒泥龜蛇等形。蓋平地風從地面而過，故不畏風。楊公云“平洋不怕八風吹”是也。

Liao Jinjing described it as resembling a spiraling snail shell or an inverted wooden ladle; Bu Ying Tian said, "A single protrusion in the flat land is extraordinary" — a sudden rise in the flat ground is most unusual; Guo Pu (who once served as a military assistant) said, "When the earth has auspicious qi, the soil rises accordingly" — when there is good qi underground, the soil on the surface will rise up. They are all talking about protrusions. Both flat land and high mountains have protrusions, but protrusions are more common in flat land. A protrusion on a high mountain must be surrounded by both arms on the left and right to be considered a true protrusion; it must not be isolated and exposed, nor should it face the wind, for that would scatter the life qi. A protrusion suddenly rising in a flat area only needs clear boundaries and a clear coming pulse, even if both sides are flat land, it will not be harmful. (Original note: On high mountains, one should look for caves; on flat land, one should look for protrusions, hence there are more protrusions in flat land.) The people call it spider making nets, or the shape of a mud turtle and snake. Because the wind on flat land moves along the ground, it does not pose a problem; Yang Yunsong said, "Flat land is not afraid of eight winds blowing," which means exactly this.

除星體另論外見穴星卷，而突穴之為形，凡四格：曰大突，曰小突，二者為正格；曰雙突，曰三突，二者為變格。四格之形，又各有俯仰不同。身俯則穴宜湊簷避球，面仰則穴宜湊球避簷，不可不審。若後龍眞的，入首明白，星辰合格，證佐分曉，此穴最貴。蓋起突之穴，靈光凝聚於中，餘氣瀰漫於外，所以謂之吉穴。

The classification of celestial bodies is discussed in a separate section (original note: see the section on穴星). Considering only the shape of the protrusion, there are four categories: large protrusion and small protrusion, which are the standard forms; double protrusion and triple protrusion, which are the variant forms. Each of these four categories has variations in their orientation: if the mountain body slopes forward, the site should be close to the lower part called "eave" and avoid the upper part called "ball"; if the mountain slopes upward, the site should be close to the "ball" and avoid the "eave." This point must be carefully examined. If the dragon mountain is truly correct, the entrance is clear, the celestial form is appropriate, and the supporting evidence is clear, this site is the most noble. Because a site with a single protrusion gathers the refined qi at the center of the protrusion and allows the excess qi to spread around the protrusion, it is called a favorable site.

大要突面光圓，形體穎異。高山切忌風吹，平洋必須得水，乃為至要。又有行龍引脈，水口羅星、關峽墩埠、山腳漏落、神龍倉庫及印墩之類，皆有突象，謂之假突虛突，務須詳辨。如誤下之，主貧窮孤苦，飄蕩伶仃，不可不慎。

The general requirement is that the protrusion should appear smooth, round, and solid on the surface, with a distinctive and outstanding form. On high mountains, protrusions must avoid being exposed to strong winds; on flat plains, they must be able to receive water. These are the two most important points. In addition, small swellings along the dragon-like ridges that carry the qi, the Luo stars at the water mouths, the earth mounds between mountain passes, the leftover fragments falling from the mountain foot, and the so-called 'warehouses' that guard the true dragon, as well as the print-like mounds, all have the appearance of protrusions. These are called 'false protrusions' or 'empty protrusions,' and they must be carefully distinguished. If one mistakenly buries in such places, it will lead to descendants suffering from poverty, loneliness, and being homeless, so one must be very cautious.

突形四格　大突、小突，此二者為正格。雙突、三突，此二者為變格。圖具下：大突圖　小突圖　雙突圖　三突圖　此大突者，其突高大也。平地高山皆不宜太高大。若太高大則近粗頑，不成突格。須是大而相停，不至粗腫頑懶為佳。切要突面光圓，形體穎異，乃為合格。大突多為水口羅星，及龍身漏落倉庫、金箱玉印之屬，務宜詳辨，不可誤也。

This section is titled "Four Types of Prominent Forms": "Great Prominence" and "Small Prominence" are the standard forms, while "Double Prominence" and "Triple Prominence" are variant forms. The four diagrams are titled in order "Diagram of Great Prominence," "Diagram of Small Prominence," "Diagram of Double Prominence," and "Diagram of Triple Prominence." The original illustrations are lost, and only the titles and explanations for each form remain. First, the Great Prominence:the so-called Great Prominence refers to a feature that is tall and prominent. Whether on flat land or high mountains, it should not be too tall and prominent; if it is too tall, it becomes coarse and clumsy, failing to meet the standard of a prominence. It should be large enough to match its surroundings, without being bulky or lazy in appearance. It must have a smooth and round surface, with a distinct and extraordinary shape, to be considered proper. Great Prominence is mostly found at the water mouth as a Luo Star, or as a so-called warehouse, golden box, or jade seal falling from the dragon body. It must be carefully distinguished, and mistakes must be avoided.

此小突者，微起小突也。平地高山皆不宜太小。若太小，則起突不眞。須是小而合格，不至微弱無依為佳。切要突面光肥，形體穎異，乃為合格。如或微小，高低不明，界水曠闊，或水割四畔，微弱無依，皆非眞穴。凡小突多為引脈氣泡，或關峽幾珠，或印墩之屬，務須詳辨，不可誤也。

the so-called small protrusion, refers to a slightly raised small bump. Whether on flat land or high mountains, it should not be too small; if too small, the image of "protrusion" is not genuine. The small protrusion should be small but meet the standard, without being too weak and unsupported. It must have a smooth, rich, and plump surface, with an outstanding and extraordinary shape, to be considered qualified. If it is overly minute, with unclear height, and the water on both sides is too wide, or if it is surrounded by water on all sides, appearing weak and unsupported, then it is not a true site. Small protrusions are mostly bubbles that guide the qi, or small soil heaps like beads strung together in a pass or a narrow gorge, or things like the "print mound." They must be carefully distinguished and not confused.

此雙突者，穴星並起雙突也。昔人謂之雙星，亦有兩畔生聊牙歧者，昔人謂之麒麟，皆可下兩穴。切要大小、高低、肥瘦均勻，突面周正，形體穎異，方為合格。若大小不等，肥瘦不勻，高下參差，務須詳辨，擇特異者下之。若彼此似可而不正，狐疑難辨，美惡不分，皆非眞結，不可下也。此三突者，穴星並起三突也。昔人謂之三臺，可下三穴。切要大小相等，突面光肥，形體穎異，方為合格。若大小不均，又當審其特異者下之。如彼此疑惑，美惡不辨，則非眞結，不可下也。

Double peaks refer to two protrusions rising side by side on the peak star. Former generations called them "double stars"; there are also cases where two additional branches grow out from the sides, forming a forked shape, which were called "qilin" by former generations. Both of these forms can produce two burial sites. The two protrusions must be of equal size, height, and thickness, with a smooth and upright surface, and a distinctive and outstanding form, to be considered qualified. If they are of unequal size, thickness, or height, one must carefully examine and choose the one that stands out exceptionally for burial. If both appear acceptable but are not properly shaped, causing doubt and making it hard to distinguish good from bad, then they are not genuine formations and should not be used for burial. As for triple peaks: triple peaks refer to three protrusions rising side by side on the peak star. Former generations called them "three platforms," and they can produce three burial sites. The three protrusions must be of equal size, with smooth and thick surfaces, and an outstanding form, to be considered qualified. If they are of unequal size, one must examine and choose the one that stands out exceptionally for burial. If all three are ambiguous and difficult to distinguish as good or bad, then they are not genuine formations and should not be used for burial.

凡突形有突而圓者⊙，突而方者 ，突而稜者 ，突而直者 ，突而橫者 ，突而曲者 ，固不能悉述。又有出金、出木、出水、出火、出土五格。圓者為出金，當乘金向墜處立穴。　直者為出木，當剪木安穴。　曲者為出水，當乘動處安穴。　尖者為出火，當剪火立穴。　方者為出土，當乘圓就方立穴。上突穴皆有此五者，及帶曜八格，圖繁，不及詳載。後穴星各突穴皆仿此。突穴諸仙蹟具下：右地在石埭城縣後，龍與縣共，不述。入首，平地連起三珠，盡突結穴，突面圓平，破突扦穴。後頂來脈，前據唇氈，左右交會，大溪橫遶，名堂、朝對、水口皆吉。葬後松坡公鏘登會魁，累官戶部尚書，今福祉未艾。

The shape of a mound can be round, square, angular, vertical, horizontal, or curved (the symbols for each type are illustrated in the original text, except for the round one which is marked as 「⊙」, the others are missing). It is impossible to describe all the variations. In addition, there are five categories: outflow of metal, outflow of wood, outflow of water, outflow of fire, and outflow of earth. The annotations explain: a round shape is "outflow of metal," which should be located where the metal energy is received, with the pit placed at the lowest point; a straight shape is "outflow of wood," which should have the straight and hard parts of wood trimmed before setting the pit; a curved shape is "outflow of water," which should have the pit set where the curve is; a sharp shape is "outflow of fire," which should have the sharp tip of fire trimmed before setting the pit; a square shape is "outflow of earth," which should be located where the round shape is supported, with the pit set in a square manner. All these mound pits possess these five types, and there are also eight categories with "radiant energy." Because the diagrams are too numerous, they cannot be fully detailed here. When discussing the various mound pits later, they will be treated in the same way. Below is a list of famous examples of mound pits. On the right side, there is a piece of land behind Shidai County, sharing the dragon ridge with the county itself, so it is not described here. At the "entry point," three pearl-shaped mounds rise successively on flat ground, forming a pit at the last mound. The mound is round and flat, with the pit set after breaking through the top. Behind there is a mountain ridge coming from the mountain top, in front there is a lip-like cushion supporting it, and on both sides the boundary waters meet. A large stream flows across, with a good bright hall, facing mountains, and water mouth. After burial, Songpo Gong Mouqiang passed the imperial examination as the top candidate, served as Minister of Revenue, and the family's blessings continue to this day.

左地在江山縣南六十里，土名石門龜山。其龍發自江郎山，落脈下平田，過闊阪一里許，復束聚結咽，成蘆鞭格，作銀錠束脈，頓起大突，成太陰金星，連氣結突穴。突上微開鉗口，俗呼龜形，繫巽、巳、丙龍入首，扦亥向兼壬。葬後出方泉公鏜，登嘉靖丁未進士，入翰林，官至都御史。至今人才迭出，福祉未艾。

This piece of land is located sixty miles south of Jiangshan County, with the name Shimen Guishan. Its dragon ridge originates from Jianglang Mountain, and the main ridge descends to Pingtian, passing through a slope more than a li wide, then converges and gathers, forming a throat-like constriction, creating a "Lu Bian" pattern. It forms a silver ingot-like ridge, then suddenly rises into a large protrusion, forming the Taiyin Jinxing (Great Yin Golden Star). The qi and ridge are connected, forming a protruding grave site. On top of this protrusion, there is a slight opening resembling a clamp, which the locals call "Guixing" (Turtle Shape). This site is oriented with the dragon entering from the direction of Xun, Si, and Bing, facing亥 (Hai) with a secondary direction of Ren. After burial, a person named Fang Quan Gong, Meng Tang, was born here, who passed the Jiajing Dingwei imperial examination, entered the Hanlin Academy, and held the position of Duyushih (Inspector General). To this day, there are still outstanding talents emerging, and the blessings have not ceased.

右地在豐城縣東南八十里，土名龍門。其龍來自羅山。將入首，橫列大帳，周圍圈幢。正脈從中頓起飛蛾，一氣九星。到頭起土星御屏，屏下太陽金星，垂脈清奇，而結突穴，小巧圓淨可愛。穴下雖峻，而貼身龍虎彎抱交固。左右御屏夾耳，外重龍虎疊交，水遶之玄，獅象龜蛇鎮塞水口，取作將軍大座形，陰囊穴。登山萬仞之高，亦天巧穴也。近有貴人秀案，遠有掛榜列朝。葬後出朏公，登進士，官大參。曰翰，登進士，官太守。又有一父九子，人文鼎盛，富貴雙全，福祉未艾。

This piece of land is located eighty miles to the southeast of Fengcheng County, named Longmen. Its dragon ridge originates from Luoshan Mountain. As it approaches the "入首" point, there is a large hill lying horizontally, surrounded on all sides like banners and flags. The main ridge suddenly turns into a mountain resembling a flying moth, continuing in a straight line to form nine star peaks. At the end, a hill shaped like a planet rises, forming a screen. Below this screen is a hill shaped like the sun and the golden star, with a clear and extraordinary pulse descending. Thus, a small, round, and clean hill is formed. Although the hill is steep, the dragon and tiger sands close by are tightly embracing and secure. On both sides, hills resembling screens protect it like two ears. Outside, another layer of dragon and tiger hills overlap, and the water flows around in the shape of "之" and "玄". Hills shaped like lions, elephants, turtles, and snakes guard the water mouth. This place is named "General's Great Seat" in shape, and the hill is called "Yinnang Hill". The hill is as high as ten thousand feet, and it is also a naturally formed hill. Nearby, there is a beautiful and elegant case hill shaped like a nobleman. Far away, there is a row of hills shaped like a hanging scroll facing the direction. After burial, a certain Fei Gong became an imperial examiner and held a high official position (Cancan). Another person, Han, also became an imperial examiner and held the position of a prefect. Additionally, there was a father who had nine sons, with a flourishing culture and prosperity, enjoying great wealth and honor, and the blessings have not yet ceased.

右地在黃安縣西南二十里。其龍來自七個山，分出右枝，磊落奔騰十餘里。比入局，翻身逆轉開帳，為折三臺中抽下平岡，又頓跌數節，抽脈落山麓，臨田蘸水，起一小突結穴。突面平圓，下開鉗口。破穴對口扦穴，內堂融聚，下關有力。左有順纏近繞，低伏過穴。復起墩埠，以關內氣，以塞水口。而外堂田源之水十餘里特朝，得水藏風，誠美地也。但其前朝席帽貴沙失於登對，乘氣稍乖，葬法未善，未出顯貴，惟鉅富旺人，以歲薦及應例登仕版者十餘人耳。然吾友少虞君心學，以理學鳴時，為邑儒宗，亦是地之鍾秀也。

This piece of land is located twenty miles southwest of Huang'an County. Its dragon pulse comes from seven mountains, branches off to the right, and stretches for more than ten miles, spreading out and running vigorously. As it approaches the main area, it turns around and reverses, spreading out like a tent, forming a folded shape of three platforms. From the middle, it draws out a flat ridge, then drops several sections, and the dragon pulse falls to the foot of the mountain, facing fields and bordering water, forming a small protrusion where the spirit lies. The protrusion is flat and round, with a mouth-like opening below it, and the burial is made by breaking through the protrusion and facing directly into the mouth. The inner bright hall gathers energy, and the barrier at the lower part is strong. On the left side, there are gentle hills that wrap around closely, low and lying over the tomb, then further ahead, another small hill rises, used to block the inner energy and close the water mouth. The outer bright hall's water source comes from ten miles away specifically to face the tomb. It has both water and wind shelter, making it a truly good site. However, the hill shaped like a hat in front, which is a sign of high status, does not face directly, and the receiving of energy is slightly off. The burial method is also not thorough enough, so it does not produce great officials, but only wealthy people, a thriving population, and about ten people who become officials through annual recommendations and following the established system. However, my friend Xiao Yu, who is deeply skilled in the study of heart, is well known for his Confucian learning at that time, and is the master of the county's scholars. This is the result of the site's gathering of talents and beauty.

左地在豐城縣東半里，土名白沙墩。其龍結縣後，餘氣崩洪過脈，復起平田，鋪氈展席，馬跡蛛絲。忽起平中一突，平面太陰開口，成天然之窩。但後龍穿鑿，失其本體，不易詧認。丁氏葬後，科甲迭登。曰維城，官御史。維南，官寺丞。維陽，官主政。曰俊、曰仕、曰璣、曰璨、曰侃，俱貴。曰璐，官大參。曰錬，官少卿，富貴未艾。

This piece of land is located half a li east of Fengcheng County, with the name Bai Sha Dun. Its dragon pulse originates from the back of the county, forming a landform, and the remaining energy flows down and spreads out over the ridge, rising again in a flat field like a spread-out carpet or a laid-out mat. The ridge line is fine, resembling horse hoof prints or spider silk. Suddenly, in the flat land, a mound rises, forming a flat plane of the Tai Yin metal star facing forward, naturally forming a hollow. However, the original dragon pulse behind has been disturbed by human excavation, losing its original appearance and becoming difficult to recognize. After the Ding family was buried here, they continuously achieved success in the imperial examinations: Ding Weicheng became an imperial censor, Ding Weinan became a temple official, Ding Weiyang became a chief minister, Ding Jun, Ding Shi, Ding Ji, Ding Can, Ding Kan all became prominent, and Ding Lu became a grand examiner, Ding Lian became a deputy minister, their wealth and status have continued to this day.

右地在袁坊，龍遠不述。入局開平地帳，坦夷無際。入首水中一埠，突出圓淨。突下吐唇，四面巨浸，左右湖岸遶抱有情。遠峰一點來朝。離脈，扦癸向。葬後科甲連登。曰潤，進士。芳，進士， 參議。光儒，知州。光翰、城、應、旗、寔、遊、國、寕，俱進士。光度、均、咸、伯嵩、伯睿、伯鑰、伯雅、奎，俱鄉薦，世宦未艾。

The land on the right is located in Yuanfang, where the dragon ridge comes from a long distance, so it is not discussed here. Upon entering this site, there is a flat land account, vast and open. At the 'entry point,' there is a hill of earth in the water, rising abruptly and round and smooth; from below, it protrudes like a lip and a mat, with water all around on all sides, and the lakeshores on both sides surrounding and protecting it, showing great affection; in the distance, a single mountain peak comes forward to pay homage. This site belongs to the fire direction, facing the癸 direction. After burial, there have been continuous generations of academic success, with someone named Run becoming an imperial examiner, someone named Fang becoming an imperial examiner and holding the position of参议, someone named Guangru becoming a知州, Guanghan, Guangcheng, Guangying, Guangqi, Guangshi, Guangyou, Guangguo, Guangning all becoming imperial examiners, Guangdu, Guangjun, Guangyan, Bo Song, Bo Rui, Bo Yue, Bo Ya, someone named Kui all passing the local examination, and the family has continued to hold official positions without ceasing.

已上窩、鉗、乳、突，穴形妙用，無踰於此。但造化之機，隱顯不一。顯則易明，隱則難辨。立諸形格，乃其顯體，按圖索理，人猶可知。至於正體之外，復有異形，曰邊窩、並窩，曰分鉗、合鉗，曰閃乳、側乳，曰鶻突、並突，及有窩鉗而不葬窩鉗，有突乳而不葬突乳數者，又其怪體，隱微難辨。苟非明師傳示，厯審古格，驟而見之，必駭而疑。正所謂“任君聰慧過顏閔，不遇眞師莫強猜”者也。

The four types ofsite forms, namely Wo, Qian, Ru, and Tu, have no functions that go beyond these categories. However, the mechanisms of nature are both hidden and revealed: the revealed ones are easy to understand, while the hidden ones are difficult to distinguish. The various forms and categories mentioned above belong to the revealed type, and by referring to the diagrams, ordinary people can still comprehend them. But beyond the standard forms, there are also unusual ones, such as Bian Wo and Ping Wo, Fen Qian and He Qian, Shan Ru and Ce Ru, Hu Tu and Ping Tu; in addition, there are cases where a clear Wo or Qian is not buried in the Wo or Qian, or a clear Tu or Ru is not buried in the Tu or Ru—these are considered strange forms, difficult to discern. Without the personal guidance of a true master and careful examination of ancient examples, one would be startled and doubtful upon first sight. As the saying goes, "Even if your wisdom surpasses Yan Hui's, without encountering a true master, do not attempt to guess."

此等異穴，形體雖有不同，力量本無二致。但至貴之龍，方有此穴。必得眞師傳授，始識此格。如或未契肯綮，自任聰明，妄指平坡死塊為邊並之窩，欹斜山腳為閃側之乳，界水漏槽為分合之鉗，闊蕩頑硬為鶻並之突，籍口怪異，胡作亂為，是猶學步邯鄲，而為害愈甚矣。慎之慎之！謹將異體怪形諸格口訣述後。窩之體二，曰邊窩、並窩。鉗之體二，曰分鉗、合鉗。乳之體二，曰閃乳、側乳。 突之體二，曰鶻突、並突。

This type of unusualsite shape, although varying in form, has no distinction in strength; only the most noble dragon can form such a site, and it must be taught by a true master to recognize this pattern. If one has not yet grasped the essentials, and instead relies on his own cleverness, mistakenly pointing flat slopes' dead soil blocks as side窝 and combined窝, and歪斜 mountain feet as闪乳 and side乳, and boundary water leakage channels as分钳 and合钳, and broad, hard areas as鹘突 and combined突, using the term 'strange' as an excuse for improper actions, it is like the story of learning to walk in Handan, causing even greater harm. Remember! Remember! Now I will explain the mnemonic for various strange forms ofsite:窝 has two types, called side窝 and combined窝;钳 has two types, called分钳 and合钳;乳 has two types, called闪乳 and side乳;突 has two types, called鹘突 and combined突.

邊窩者，窩之弦稜欠缺一邊，故曰邊窩，乃窩體之變格。蓋星辰已止，而面峻闊露，不能融穴，卻於其下吐出平坡，如鋪氈吐唇，而一邊微起彎抱，是為邊窩。窩中最宜淺狹平坦，弦稜明白，藏聚有情，四方拱夾，方為合格。切忌窩中太闊，口內坑陷。太闊則生氣不聚，坑陷則造化不融，皆不可下，尤宜慎之。此穴多在高山，作仰高之體，平地鮮有。惟吾邑宋國師伯通先生自葬父地合此格，卻在山麓，切近平地。圖具後。

A "side hollow" refers to a hollow where one side of the mouth is missing, hence the name "side hollow," which is a variation of the standard hollow form. Its formation is as follows: the celestial body has already stopped, but the front is steep and wide, making it exposed and unable to form a proper burial site. Instead, a flat slope appears below, like a spread-out carpet or a protruding lip. On one side of this flat slope, there is a slight bulge that curves around and protects the site, forming the "side hollow." The ideal hollow should be shallow, narrow, and flat, with a clear edge, capable of holding and nurturing life qi, and surrounded by mountains that embrace and support it. It is strictly forbidden for the hollow to be too wide or for the mouth of the hollow to be sunken. A wide hollow fails to gather and retain life qi, while a sunken mouth prevents the convergence of cosmic energy, both of which are unsuitable for burial and should be avoided with particular care. This type of burial site is commonly found on high mountains, appearing in the form of "looking up from a height." It is rare on flat land. Only in our county did the Song Dynasty master of the state, Lai Botong, select a burial site that conforms to this pattern, and it was located at the foot of a mountain, very close to flat land. The diagram is listed later.

左地在吾邑十四都，地名傅家村。其山自大龍分下，開帳出脈，磊磊落落。數節走馬文星，開 展翅。入首特起金星，正面峻急，鋪下平坡。左畔微高五七寸，彎掬抱穴，合邊窩格。外來石山高聳，其勢如凌壓。俗眼觀之，但見穴離星體，接脈不著。且下抱短縮，右畔高昂，莫不棄之。殊不知木星峻急，氣聚平坡。下沙雖縮，而貼穴一掬，彷佛高低，依稀遶抱。右山雖高，以本窩缺右，宜其補襯護穴。故取天馬嘶風之格。

This piece of land is located in the fourteenth village of our county, named Fu Family Village. The mountain comes down from the big dragon mountain, with a clear and distinct ridge, spreading out in a dignified and orderly manner. It proceeds through several sections, forming a horse-shaped star. Then it spreads out like a bird spreading its wings. At the "entry point," there is a special peak called the golden star, which rises abruptly and steeply, then slopes down to a flat slope. On the left side of this flat slope, there is a slight elevation of about five to seven inches, which bends and encircles the site, perfectly matching the form of a border pit. An external stone mountain rises high, with an imposing and pressing energy. To an unskilled person, it seems that the site is separated from the star, not connected to the ridge, and the sand that encircles it from below is short and contracted, while the mountain on the right is high and prominent, leading them to abandon it. They do not know that the wooden star is steep and abrupt, with its energy gathering on the flat slope; although the sand below is short, it closely surrounds the site, with its height and depth vaguely discernible, giving an impression of encirclement; the high mountain on the right, although prominent, precisely compensates for the lack on the right side, thus exactly protecting the site. Therefore, this site is considered to have the form of "Heavenly Horse Whinnying in the Wind."

兼以前朝秀麗，水口闗欄，下後伯通奉高宗詔，拜異人，持節卜相臨安有《臨安行在表》。其孫文懿公又號初庵，官至集賢大學士。學士子巖卿，官至集賢直學士，人丁大旺不替。又，廖金精為吾邑張氏下白牛坦地，乃合此格。其地大龍前去，中腰一枝開帳。帳中落脈數節，山半忽然平坦，左畔微茫掬轉，成邊窩之格。其左掬亦僅高數寸，墳頭尙露，惟可護棺而已。此外則山勢低下，一望青天，甚為空曠。面前一重案山，近而且高。穴在源頭高曠之所，俗眼見之，莫不驚駭而訾其非也。

The surrounding mountains are beautiful and elegant, with mountains blocking the water mouth. After the burial, Liao Jinjing was honored as a special person by the imperial decree of Emperor Gaozong of Song, and was entrusted with the task of examining the terrain of Lin'an. (Note: There is a surviving text called "Lin'an Xingzai Biao.") His grandson, Wenyi Gong, also known as Chuan'an, held the position of Grand Secretary of the Imperial Academy; his son, Lai Yanqing, held the position of Deputy Grand Secretary of the Imperial Academy, and the family prospered greatly, remaining strong and flourishing for a long time. Additionally, the land called Baimiaotan, which Liao Jinjing selected for the Zhang family in our county, also fits this pattern. That land is where a large dragon continues forward, and in the middle of its course, it branches out to form an opening, with the main ridge continuing for several sections. At the mountain waist, a flat area suddenly appears. On the left side, there is a very subtle turn that embraces the site, forming the pattern of a border pit. The left turn is only slightly higher, with the tomb mound still exposed outside, just enough to protect the coffin. Beyond that, the mountain terrain drops down, and the view is open and vast, with only the sky visible. In front, there is a mountain range that is both close and high. The tomb site is located at a high and open place at the source of the water. To ordinary people, seeing this would not fail to be startled and criticize it as wrong.

殊不知回龍之穴，翻身顧祖，自然水源不遠，案雖近高，乃係本祖，如子孫之見祖父，不為壓穴。後龍雖去，而本枝轉身結成大帳，帳中出脈結穴，其去山乃餘氣耳。雖高峻，本身一臂掬轉，前面陡峻，皆蔽而不見。登穴平坦，不覺其為萬仞山巔也。左邊雖曠，而青龍兜轉，依稀遶抱，穴不受風。此乃地理之至妙，而金精巧於作用者也。其山結穴之下，山腳四五飄然去，故俗喚錦帳掛銀鉤之格。葬後張氏出一文一武一神仙，富貴綿遠，至今不替。雖不盡繫之此，而廖金精為張氏作地，惟此最先，則此又張氏富貴之藪也，其圖於下。

They did not understand: a dragon-mound forming a "returning dragon" site must turn back to face the ancestral mountain, naturally being close to water sources; although the case mountain is both near and high, it is actually the ancestral mountain itself, like descendants facing their grandfather, which does not press upon the site. Although the dragon-vein continues forward, the main branch has already turned back to form a grand canopy, and from within the canopy, the vein emerges to form the site. The mountains ahead are merely residual energy. Although the site is high and steep, there is a ridge that turns back to encircle it, hiding the steepness ahead; when standing on the site, it feels flat, without realizing one is standing on the peak of ten thousand仞 mountains. Although the left side is open, the azure dragon earthwork turns back to form a faintly embracing shape, so the site is not exposed to wind. This is the most exquisite aspect of geomancy, and it is precisely where Liao Jinjing excels. Below this site, there are four or five ridges that flow away gracefully, so the people call it the "Silk Canopy with Silver Hooks" pattern. After burial, the Zhang family produced a scholar-official, a military general, and a deity, enjoying long-lasting wealth and honor, which has remained strong to this day. Although it cannot be said entirely due to this site, Liao Jinjing was the first to select this site for the Zhang family, making it the source of their prosperity. The map is listed below.

按：金精為張氏所下地，諸課總為一帖，題曰《鍾秀圖》。考其年月，此最先也。廖金精下吳園張氏白牛坦地圖。課曰：其山遠，自乾亥高聳結頂，轉艮如蛇行如旙。入丁、酉、兌，又轉艮，屈曲入亥，作丙向，發元辰丙水，五步歸丁，轉卯轉巽長流，蟠龍玩月形。面前旗鼓文筆排列，天馬門中貴人朝拱。擇已酉七月十四日戊寅申時，開土深五尺。

The commentary states that Liao Jinjing's selected sites for the Zhang family were compiled into a single volume titled "Zhongxiu Tu." Upon examining the dates recorded in the volume, this particular site was the earliest. The map is titled "Liao Jinjing's Map of the White Ox Slope of the Wu Garden Zhang Family," but the original map has been lost. The site description says that this mountain comes from a distant direction, rising high from the Qian and Hai directions to form its peak, then turning toward the Gen direction, appearing like a long snake or a banner. It then enters the Ding, You, and Dui directions, turning back toward the Gen direction, winding into the Hai direction, and facing the Bing direction. The water from the front of the site, the Yuan Chen water, originates from the Bing direction, flows five steps to the Ding direction, then turns toward Mao and Xun, flowing away. This form is named "Panlong Wan Yue" (Coiling Dragon Playing with the Moon). In front of the site, mountains forming the shapes of a banner, a drum, and a brush pen are arranged in order. Between the Heavenly Horse mountains, there is a Nobleman peak that comes forward to pay homage. The construction was scheduled for the 14th day of the seventh lunar month in the Jiyou year, on the Wuyin day at the Shen hour, with the earth dug five feet deep.

記曰：騰雲紫氣欲侵天，左左陰陽近穴前。山水並朝廉貞現，為官清正四方傳。木金高聳兩相看，一土陰陽並一段。殺氣入雲攢簇簇，鳳書來聘去為官。仙橋帳下勢盤桓，登穴分明在半天。南極聳奇辛巽應，有文有武有神仙。熙寕二年八月廖禹記。按：是地登穴高三里，又平坦畝餘如掌心。穴下餘氣山去甚長，鑿井截其氣，且以大龍帳中落脈結穴，穴在萬仞山巔。

The Qianji records: Purple mist rises into the clouds, almost reaching the heavens, with yin and yang energies approaching closely before the site; mountains and water both converge towards the site, with the Lianzhen star appearing, indicating a clear and upright official position with fame spreading far and wide. The Jupiter and Venus stars stand high and look at each other, while a single Saturn star connects with yin and yang to form a continuous line; killing energy rushes into the clouds, gathering and surrounding, indicating a summons by a phoenix-like decree to take up an official post. Under the tent-like canopy resembling a bridge, the energy remains strong and does not dissipate, clearly indicating that the site is located in the heavens. A remarkable peak rises in the Southern Dipper direction, corresponding to the Xin and Xun directions, where scholars, generals, and immortals are destined to emerge. Recorded by Liao Yu in the second year of Xining. Commentary: This site is three li high when reaching the main point, yet the main point itself is flat and covers more than one mu, like the palm of a hand. The residual energy mountains beneath the site extend very far, but later people dug a well, cutting off this energy. Moreover, it originates from the main dragon's pulse, forming the site on the peak of ten thousand仞 mountains.

其妙惟在峻處有平，登穴不知其高，是為天巧之穴，非常見所識。世俗尋龍，但知大盡處求地。此等穴則在所棄。噫！非廖師之神目，主人之明見，孰能作之？其後果出忠定公燾，為參知政事；甲公，封忠烈侯；仙君範——紫瓊眞人，卒如金精之言云紫瓊眞人詳見列仙傳。

Its excellence lies entirely in the fact that among its steep and rugged terrain there is a flat area, and when one reaches the site of the tomb, it does not feel high, which is called "heavenly skillful site." This is not something that ordinary people can recognize. Common people searching for dragon lines only know to look for land at the end of the main dragon line, and such sites are therefore discarded by them. Alas! Without Liao Master's divine eyes and the owner's clear insight, who could accomplish this? Later, the Zhang family indeed produced Zhongding Gong Zhang Tao, who held the position of Canshizhengshi; Zhang Jiagong, who was enfeoffed as Zhonglie Hou; and the immortal Zhang Fan, who is known as the Purple Jade Immortal. In the end, it fulfilled Liao Jinjing's prophecy (note: the deeds of the Purple Jade Immortal are detailed in the "Lie Xian Zhuan").

並 窩 圖　此二窩之並結者，要二穴俱下即發。　此三窩之並結者，宜並下三穴。此並窩者，一星而有數窩也。有兩窩可下兩穴，有三窩可下三穴，皆有富貴。三窩中穴力量差勝，來龍甚貴者方結此等形穴。要窩中圓浄，弦稜明白，大小相等，方為合法。浙江餘姚周氏祖地合此格。

The title of the diagram is "Bing Wo Tu." The original image is lost, but the title and two annotations remain. One annotation states that this is a diagram of two nests arranged side by side, and that two graves should be dug together for prosperity. Another says it is a diagram of three nests arranged side by side, and that three graves should be dug together. The main text explains that "Bing Wo" refers to a star formation with several nests. If there are two nests, two graves can be dug; if there are three nests, three graves can be dug, and all can bring wealth. Among the three nests, the central one has slightly more power. The coming dragon must be extremely noble to form such a site. The nests must be round, clean, with clear edges, and of equal size to be considered proper. The ancestral graves of the Zhou family in Yuyao, Zhejiang, conform to this pattern.

左地在浙江餘姚縣，地名聞家堰。其龍甚美，將入首，起華蓋三臺，撒落平地。穿湖，湖中頓起太陰金星，而結並窩之格。四面皆湖水，汪洋巨浸。穴左突出石印浮水，甚為奇特。諸峰羅列，拱揖齊整。宋時姓聞者葬右穴，出狀元、進士十數人，發越已過。今周氏葬左窩，葬後五十年，出科第十餘人，至今富貴未艾。其地繫泛水文星。若葬法深淺、分金合矩，則周氏宜出一甲之貴。眾星伴月形，亥龍入首。聞氏扦丙向，周氏扦巽向。中穴數家皆敗。

This piece of land is located in Wenyao County, Zhejiang Province, with the name Wenyamen. Its dragon ridge is very beautiful, and when it reaches the "entry point," it forms a mountain shape resembling a jade hat and three platforms, spreading out over the flat land and passing through the bottom of a lake. In the lake, it suddenly rises to form a mountain shape resembling the Taiyin Star, creating a pattern known as "parallel nests." All around are lakes, forming a vast expanse of water. On the left side of the tomb site, there is a stone seal protruding from the water, which is very unusual. Many peaks are arranged in order, bowing and supporting the tomb. In the Song Dynasty, a family named Wen buried their ancestors in the tomb on the right, and they produced a状元 and more than ten jinshi (imperial scholars). However, the prosperous period of that lineage has already passed. Now, the Zhou family has buried their ancestors in the left nest. After the burial, fifty years have passed, and they have produced more than ten people who have passed the imperial examinations, and their wealth and status have not yet declined. This land belongs to the pattern of "general water star." If the burial depth, the division of the golden thread, and the direction and degree of the tomb are all in accordance with the rules, the Zhou family should have produced a first-class official of great prestige. This land is named "many stars accompanying the moon," with the dragon coming from the亥 direction. The Wen family chose the direction of 丙, while the Zhou family chose the direction of 巽. As for the central tomb, several families have buried there in succession, but all have declined.