Deciding the Water Method

○決水要與陰陽純一。其來山去水不相駁雜，則無戰爭、擊剝、淫蠱之虞。○決水要入幹維，或四正之位亦可。不可決入支屬，為得其精氣，去其濁凝。○決水宜流於本山衰、病、死、絕、胎、養方，不可決於長生、沐浴、冠帶、臨官、帝旺、庫墓之方，順相替之宜。

There are five main principles for deciding the direction of water flow. First, the opening of the water channel should maintain harmony with the yin and yang of the main structure: if the mountain coming in and the water going out are not mixed, there will be no conflict of two energies, mutual destruction, or chaotic disturbances. Second, the water should be directed towards the positions of the heavenly stems and the four cardinal directions; directing it towards the four main directions (子, 午, 卯, 酉) is acceptable, but it should not be directed into the other earthly branches; this way, one can obtain pure essence and eliminate turbid and stagnant energy. Third, the water should flow towards the directions of decline, illness, death, extinction, fetal stage, and nourishment of the main mountain, and should not flow towards the directions of growth, bathing, capping, officialdom, prosperity, and the repository or tomb; this follows the appropriate and inapplicable aspects of the "six phases and six replacements."

○決水要合會星宿，勿論諸家星卦。○決水要主克賓，忌賓克主。欲本山克水，欲本水生山。不欲水來克山，及山生水。上決水明此五者，則法盡矣。切不可用俗術，論卦例、青囊、斗杓、魁星等無理之謬，亦不惑於譎術，分公位長中幼之妄誕。

Fourth, the determination of water flow should conform to the degrees of the twenty-eight constellations, without concerning oneself with the names of stars and hexagrams from different schools. Fifth, the water should be able to overcome the main mountain, and it is to be avoided for the guest to overcome the main: that is, the main mountain should overcome the water, or the water should nourish the main mountain; do not let the water overcome the mountain, nor let the mountain nourish the water—mountain nourishing water signifies the loss of the main energy. If these five principles of determining water are understood, the method of water is fully grasped. One must not follow the nonsense of common teachers, such as talking about hexagram examples, the Qingnang school, the Dipper handle, and the魁星 (Kui Star); nor should one be misled by cunning techniques, such as dividing the positions among the eldest, middle, and youngest sons.

○鉗口折水，若向面前直出，必是傾脫。故必要如之玄，如丁文鎖節，屈曲折去，則不見傾直。其長短步數，只隨地勢所宜，切不可信俗術三年一步、三步一年，與夫幾尺合某星，及某水利某子。此皆無根之論，不通理致。管氏、王氏之書亦嘗深惡而痛絕之。

If the water is directed straight towards the front of the site, it will certainly flow out abruptly and lose its energy, with the energy following the water. Therefore, it is necessary to form the water flow in the shape of a 'Z' or 'Xuan' character, like the 'Ding' character pattern, with sections locked together, so that the water meanders and turns, thus concealing the straight flow. As for the length and number of steps of the water channel, it should be determined according to the suitability of the terrain, and one must not lightly believe the common sayings of ordinary teachers, such as 'three years correspond to one step, three steps correspond to one year,' or 'a certain number of feet correspond to a certain star, and a certain water channel benefits a certain son.' These are all baseless remarks, and they do not conform to the principles of divination. Guan Lu and the writings of the Wang family have also strongly condemned such views.

○利於向首開鉗，而或不利於決水，則內以乘氣為主，而外以消納為主，作內外兩向為是。管氏曰：“內藏黃金斗，外掩眾人口。四勢任君談，五行當自守。”王氏曰：“或有利鉗不利向，或有利向不利鉗，則當外順形勢，內會星宿。若鉗與向俱利，則內外為一；若不利行水，又斡旋造化。故外之四勢任君談論，而內之乘氣分金、五行星宿，當自守其心法可也。”

Sometimes, when the opening of the mouth (claw) is favorable but the opposite direction is not, one should focus on receiving life qi internally and guiding incoming water externally, forming two directions inside and outside, which is considered proper. Guan Lu said: "Inside there is a measure of gold, outside it covers the mouths of many people; the surrounding forms can be discussed freely, but the proportions of the Five Phases must be kept in mind." Wang explained that sometimes the opening of the mouth is favorable but the direction is not, and sometimes the direction is favorable but the opening of the mouth is not. In such cases, one should follow the external form and secretly align with the principles of the star mansions. If both the opening of the mouth and the direction are favorable, then internal and external should be unified. If the flowing water is unfavorable, then human effort should be used to adjust the natural order. Therefore, the surrounding forms can be discussed freely, while the internal aspects of receiving qi, dividing the golden measure, the Five Phases, and the star mansions should be kept in mind.

如張宗道扦青陽施吏部駕臣堯臣公祖地，蛇形，糞門穴，巳丙龍，扦甲山庚向，外作寅山申向。月池內放丁水，轉放巽水。又如董德彰扦吾邑童尚書公軒祖地，鷂子番身形，內巳丙向，外丙午向。何野雲扦華橋項氏蜈蚣形地，內離向，外丁未向，鉗口丙向，鉅富旺人，亦有州縣官。

Give a few examples of internal and external directions. Zhang Zongdao selected the ancestral tomb for Qingyang Shi Lilu and Yao Chen two gentlemen, which is a snake-shaped land, forming a grave site on the fecal door, with the coming dragon line being from the direction of Si and Bing; inside he set the direction of Jia Mountain and Geng Direction, while outside he used Yin Mountain and Shen Direction. Within the moon pool, he first released water from the direction of Ding, then turned it to release water from the direction of Xun. Another example is Dong Dezhang who selected the ancestral tomb for Tong Shangshu Gong Xuan, which is a falcon turning shape, with internal direction taking Si and Bing, and external direction taking Bingwu. He also selected a centipede-shaped land for Huaqiao Xiang氏, with internal direction taking Li, and external direction taking Dingwei. The mouth of the钳 was taken as the direction of Bing; this land later became very wealthy and had a thriving population, and also produced officials at the level of county and prefecture. These three examples all show that internal and external directions can each serve their own purpose.

○鉗口折水用針之法，當就水口中用盤針下格，折節格之，切不可就穴上下格，便指其水路為某水，則宮分差訛，陰陽駁雜。當就溝中下格，庶得水路清切，宮分不差。若陽基放水，不可在明堂中下盤針，當就屋簷滴水處下盤針。若放溝水，又當就溝中隨折，節節下盤針，則得水路清切不差。鄒國師寬所謂“水中格水水難瞞”也。

When using a compass to measure water flow, one should walk to the center of the water mouth and place the compass there, measuring each bend and section one by one. It is not acceptable to sit at the site of the grave and measure only once, then claim that the water path is a certain type, as this will certainly lead to errors in the palace positions and a mixture of yin and yang. One must measure in the middle of the ditch to clearly identify the water path and ensure the palace positions are accurate. If it is for a yang dwelling, the compass should not be placed in the middle of the bright hall, but rather at the place where the eaves drip water. If measuring the water in a ditch, one should follow each bend and section within the ditch to place the compass, thus ensuring the water path is clear and accurate. This is exactly what Master Zou Kuan said: "When measuring water in the water, the water can no longer deceive people."

以上水法，頭緒尤多，恐未易洞知。今以二十四位觧定吉凶諸水，俾一覽無遺，便於趨避焉。

The above water methods are very complicated and may be difficult to fully understand at once. Therefore, the following arrangement is changed to another method: according to the twenty-four directions of the compass, each mountain's corresponding auspicious and inauspicious waters are explained and determined one by one, so that people can see everything clearly and avoid missing anything, thus facilitating the pursuit of good fortune and avoidance of misfortune. This is a checklist made by the two Xus for the convenience of later learners. When using it, first determine whether your sitting mountain belongs to a yin or yang formation, then check the incoming and outgoing waters for each direction under the corresponding mountain entry.

亥山入穴取屬水（亥山即亥龍，餘仿此）。亥山吉水（總開諸家水法名目於下，後皆仿此）。丙位：主大富貴和義。上格龍拜相。三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、花羅水、陰皷水、歸元水、進神水、橫財水、義門水。

First list the yin situation. For a hill facing the亥 direction, the Five Phases take it as belonging to water (note: here the亥 mountain refers to the亥 dragon, and all subsequent entries are understood in the same way). Below is a list of auspicious waters for the亥 mountain (note: the names of various water methods from different schools are summarized below, and the same approach is followed for other mountains). Water coming from the丙 direction: indicates great wealth and high status, family harmony and emphasis on righteousness; if the dragon line belongs to an upper-grade pattern, one may attain the position of prime minister. This type of water is considered to have multiple identities in various water methods, including three yang water,赦文 water, longevity water, flower lotus water, yin drum water, return origin water, advancing god water, cross fortune water, and righteousness gate water. Therefore, its auspicious effects are the most profound.

丁位：主大富貴、高科、壽考、孝義。上格龍出神童。三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、建財水、陰皷水、歸元水、進神水、橫財水、義門水。巽位：主文名、官爵、妻財。上格龍穴出狀元、神僊，男為駙馬，女作宮妃。三陽水、御街水、學堂水、奩財水、陽皷水。

Water coming from the Ding position: indicates great wealth and honor, high academic rank, long life, and a family known for filial piety and righteousness; if the dragon is of an excellent pattern, it can produce a prodigy. It also possesses the characteristics of Three Yang water,赦文 water (amnesty decree water), longevity water, construction wealth water, Yin drum water, return origin water, advancing god water, cross wealth water, and virtue gate water. Water coming from the Xun position: indicates widespread literary fame, high official rank, and wealth obtained through the wife's side; if both the dragon and the site are of excellent patterns, it can produce a top状元 (imperial examination top scorer), or even a person of divine ability, with men becoming驸马 (prince consort) and women becoming imperial concubines. It also possesses the characteristics of Three Yang water, imperial street water, academy water,奁财 water (bridal wealth), and Yang drum water.

震：主武貴、威名、驟發、鉅富。上格龍出兵部五府。催官水、鬼鄉水、陽皷水、納財水。庚：主功勳烜赫。上格龍主元戎上將。進神水、陽皷水、金帶水、橫財水、金魚水、鬼鄉水。辛：主魁解驟富。上格龍及第、翰苑、才名。進神水、陰皷水、橫財水、文秀水。兌：主富貴。上格龍出后妃。進神水、陽皷水、金帶水、天財水。

Water coming from the Zhen position: indicates a military official of high status, great fame, sudden success, and immense wealth; if the dragon line is of high quality, it can lead to holding important positions such as those in the Ministry of War or the Five Military Council. It is also known as promoting official water, ghost village water, yang drum water, and receiving wealth water. Water coming from the Geng position: indicates great military achievements; if the dragon line is of high quality, it can lead to becoming a general commander. It is also known as advancing god water, yang drum water, golden belt water, cross wealth water, golden fish water, and ghost village water. Water coming from the Xin position: indicates winning top honors such as the top scholar or the top candidate in the imperial examination and suddenly becoming wealthy; if the dragon line is of high quality, it can lead to passing the imperial examination, entering the Hanlin Academy, and gaining fame for literary talent. It is also known as advancing god water, yin drum water, cross wealth water, and literary excellence water. Water coming from the Dui position: indicates wealth and honor; if the dragon line is of high quality, it can lead to becoming a queen or concubine. It is also known as advancing god water, yang drum water, golden belt water, and heavenly wealth water.

亥山凶水：艮，退神（又艮土克亥水）。辰戌丑未黃泉，乾坤亢極，甲乙孤虛，寅午離鄉，丙午雙朝回祿，壬午桃花，申溷雜，卯未來去雷氣，午牢獄。

The凶 water to be avoided for a亥 mountain is as follows. The water from the艮 position is called「retreating god」, and since艮 belongs to earth, earth can overcome the water energy of亥, thus causing double disadvantages. The water from the positions of辰, 戌, 丑, and 未 is called yellow water. The water from the positions of干 and 坤 represents extreme yang and yin energies. The water from the positions of甲 and 乙 indicates isolation and deficiency. The water from the positions of寅 and 午 indicates people leaving their hometown. The water from the directions of丙 and 午 together flowing towards the mountain indicates fire disaster. The water from the directions of壬 and 午 appearing together indicates chaos and disorder in relationships. The water from the position of申 indicates mixed energy flows. The water from the directions of卯 and 未 flowing in opposite directions indicates lightning energy. The water from the position of午 indicates imprisonment and legal troubles. When checking, compare these positions one by one, and any that are present should be dealt with by dispersing or avoiding them.

艮山入穴取屬土。艮山吉水：丁水：主大富貴、長壽。三陽水、赦文水、歸元水、陰皷水、催官水、進神水、長壽水。辛：主發橫財，得女人財產。主文章科第。建財水、女財水、金帶水、魚印水、文秀水、陰皷水、橫財水。庚：主武功官職，及得軍中財產。花羅水、陰皷水、金印水、金皷水、鬼鄉水。

When a mountain of the Gen trigram (Mountain) enters the site, the Five Phases take its nature as earth. The auspicious waters for a Gen mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Ding direction indicates great wealth and honor, and longevity; it is also known as three yang water,赦文 water,归元 water,阴鼓 water,催官 water,Advancing God water, and 长寿 water. Water coming from the Xin direction indicates sudden wealth, obtaining property from a woman, and success in literature and examination; it is also known as 建财 water,女财 water,金带 water,鱼印 water,文秀 water,阴鼓 water, and 横财 water. Water coming from the Geng direction indicates military achievements and military positions, and obtaining property from the military; it is also known as 花罗 water,阴鼓 water,金印 water,金鼓 water, and 鬼乡 water.

丙：主發橫財、長壽，及官職崇高。三陽水、赦文水、配乾水、歸元水、陰皷水、催官水、長壽水、進神水、橫財水。亥：主發財旺人。進神水。兌：主科名及發財。金帶水。艮山凶水：震巽退神、剋制。若曲折則吉，來去無凶，福薄而已。子午桃花，辰戌丑未黃泉，甲乙孤虛、退神，壬坎溷雜，寅曜水，申支氣，乾坤亢極。

Water coming from the Bing direction brings prosperity, longevity, and high official rank; it is also known as three yang water, pardon water, matching dry branch water, returning origin water, yin drum water, promoting official water, longevity water, advancing god water, and cross fortune water. Water coming from the Hai direction brings wealth and prosperity of descendants; it belongs to advancing god water. Water coming from the Dui direction brings academic success and wealth; it belongs to gold belt water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for a Gen mountain: Zhen and Xun directions are retreating gods and can control Gen soil; however, if the water shape is curved and harmonious, it can be considered auspicious. The coming and going of water does not cause great misfortune, but only brings thin blessings. Water from Zi and Wu directions brings romantic affairs; water from Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei directions leads to the Yellow Spring; water from Jia and Yi directions brings loneliness and retreating gods; water from Ren and Kan directions brings mixed energy; water from Yin direction is the glare water for Gen mountain; water from Shen direction belongs to the impure energy of the earthly branch; water from Qian and Kun directions brings excessive energy.

巽山入穴取屬水。巽山吉水：辛、未：主得女財，主催貴，登高科。納卦水、催官水、歸元水、陰皷水、文秀水、女財水、金魚印水。丁：主長壽、發財。花羅水、三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、陰皷水。庚：主武貴及得軍中財。歸元水、金印水、陰皷水、鬼鄉水。

When the mountain of Xun is used as the source of the spirit, the Five Phases take it as belonging to water. The auspicious waters for Xun mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Xin position and the Wei position indicates wealth obtained from the wife's side, promoting official rank and social status, and achieving high academic success. This water is also known as the water that accepts the hexagram, the water that promotes official rank, the water that returns to the origin, the water that drums the shadow, the water that displays literary excellence, the water that brings wealth from women, and the water that resembles a golden fish and seal. Water coming from the Ding position indicates longevity and wealth, and is also known as the floral net water, the water of three yangs, the water of pardon, the water of longevity, and the water that drums the shadow. Water coming from the Geng position indicates military rank and prestige, and the ability to gain wealth from military service. This water is also known as the water that returns to the origin, the water that resembles a golden seal, the water that drums the shadow, and the water of the ghost's hometown.

艮：主富貴。天財水、進神水、銀帶水、陽皷水。亥：主旺人發財。進神水。巽山凶水：辰戌丑未黃泉，乾坤亢極，兌曜星、退神，甲乙孤虛，子午桃花，寅離鄉，壬子癸申溷雜。

Water coming from the Gen direction indicates wealth and prosperity; it is also known as Tian Cai water, Jìn Shén water, Yin Dai water, and Yang Gu water. Water coming from the Hai direction indicates a flourishing population and increased wealth, and it belongs to Jìn Shén water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for a Xun mountain: the directions Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei are considered Huang Quan; the directions Gan and Kun are considered Kàng Ji extreme energy; the Dui direction is both the Yao Sha star and belongs to Tui Shén water; the directions Jia and Yi indicate solitude and emptiness; water from Zi and Wu directions indicates桃花 affairs; water from Yin direction indicates leaving the hometown; and water from Ren, Zi, Gui, and Shen directions causes mixed energy flow. This aligns with the note under "Six Excellent Waters" that "Xun mountain should avoid Dui water as it is the Yao star."

兌山入穴取屬金。兌山吉水：丁水：主長壽、旺人。吳公云：“兌逢丁水壽同彭。”予所見池州府西門外杏花村郎氏祖地，繫兌龍丁水出，即鏡鑑兄弟及姊妹皆百餘歲。又都昌萬旭百歲，其陽基平中一突，後坐犬溪，空曠無樂山，卻是兌龍丁水。三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、陰皷水。

When a mountain of the Trigram Dui (Lake) enters the burial site, the Five Phases take it as belonging to the Metal element. The auspicious waters associated with the Dui mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Ding direction: it signifies longevity and a thriving family. Wu Jingluan said: When a Dui dragon mountain meets water from the Ding direction, the lifespan can be as long as Pengzu. We have personally seen the ancestral tomb of the Lang family in Xinghuacun, west of Chizhou Prefecture. It is a Dui dragon mountain with water flowing out from the Ding direction. The brothers Lang Jing and Lang Jian, as well as their sisters, all lived over a hundred years. Another example is Wang Xu from Douchang County, who also lived to be over a hundred. His family's residence was built on a raised area in the middle of flat land, with the back resting against the Qunxi stream, and the surroundings open and without a small hill (called leshan) behind the tomb. Yet it was exactly the pattern of a Dui dragon mountain meeting water from the Ding direction. Water from the Ding direction is known by various names in different families, including Sanyang water, Shewen water, Changshou water, and Yinyu water.

辛：主貴，得陰人財。金帶水、花羅水、文秀水、金魚印水、陰皷水、女財水。巽：主科名顯貴，得陰人財。文秀水、進神水、陽皷水、三陽水、婦財水。震：主發橫財，富貴。天財水、歸元水、陽皷水、金神水、鬼鄉水。

Water coming from the Xin position indicates wealth and prestige, and wealth is obtained from the wife's side; it is also known as Gold Ribbon Water, Flower Silk Water, Literati Beauty Water, Gold Fish Seal Water, Yin Drum Water, and Female Wealth Water. Water coming from the Xun position indicates academic success and prestige, and wealth is also obtained from the wife's side; it is also known as Literati Beauty Water, Advancing God Water, Yang Drum Water, Three Yang Water, and Wife Wealth Water. Water coming from the Zhen position indicates sudden wealth and prosperity; it is also known as Heaven's Wealth Water, Returning Origin Water, Yang Drum Water, Gold God Water, and Ghost Village Water. "Yin person" and "Wife Wealth" both refer to property brought by the wife or the maternal side.

艮：主大發田產，鉅富。橫財水、進神水、陽皷水、銀帶水。丙：主文章科第。三陽水、赦文水、陰皷水。兌山凶水：巳曜星，午桃花又退神。寅申支煞，辰戌丑未黃泉，乾坤亢極，甲乙孤虛。

Water coming from the Gen position indicates great fortune in land and property, and great wealth; it is also known as cross fortune water, advancing god water, yang drum water, and silver belt water. Water coming from the Bing position indicates success in scholarship and examination; it is also known as three yang water, pardon document water, and yin drum water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for the兑 mountain: the Si position is the glare and evil star of the兑 mountain; the Wu position is associated with romantic affairs and also belongs to retreating god water; the Yin and Shen positions are the evil branches; the Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei positions are the Yellow泉; the Geng and Xin positions are the extreme yang energy; and the Jia and Yi positions indicate isolation and deficiency.

震山入穴。震山吉水：庚：主催官、富貴。催官水、卦氣水、陰皷水、歸元水、金魚印水。辛：主文章富貴，得女財。文秀水、女財水、陰皷水、歸元水、金魚印水。丙：主長壽、旺人、富貴。三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、花羅水、陰皷水。丁：主文章、富貴、長壽。三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、建財水、陰皷水。

Zhen mountain entering the burial ground (the original text does not mention the Five Phases, but according to the correct Five Phases, Zhen belongs to Wood). The auspicious waters for Zhen mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Geng direction: indicates promotion in official position and advancement in rank, leading to wealth and honor; it is also known as promoting official water, hexagram energy water, yin drum water, returning origin water, and golden fish seal water. Water coming from the Xin direction: indicates literary success, wealth, and receiving wealth from women; it is also known as literary excellence water, female wealth water, yin drum water, returning origin water, and golden fish seal water. Water coming from the Bing direction: indicates longevity, prosperity in family, and wealth and honor; it is also known as three yang water, pardon document water, longevity water, flower silk water, and yin drum water. Water coming from the Ding direction: indicates literary success, wealth, and longevity; it is also known as three yang water, pardon document water, longevity water, building wealth water, and yin drum water.

艮：主發橫財。進神水、銀帶水、橫財水、陰皷水。亥：主富貴。配卦水、進神水。震山凶水：申曜星，兌退神、蛾眉，乾坤亢極，子午桃花，丙午回祿，壬癸溷雜，辰戌丑未黃泉。

Water coming from the Gen direction indicates sudden wealth; it is also known as advancing god water, silver belt water, sudden wealth water, and yin drum water. Water coming from the Hai direction indicates wealth and honor; it is also known as matching hexagram water and advancing god water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for the Zhen mountain: Water from the Shen direction is the glare star of the Zhen mountain; water from the Dui direction is both retreating god and the image of the蛾眉 (willow) which signifies romantic affairs; water from the Qian and Kun directions is excessive yang energy; water from the Zi and Wu directions signifies romantic affairs; water from both Bing and Wu directions together indicates fire disaster; water from the Ren and Gui directions causes mixed energy; and water from the Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei directions is the Yellow泉 (underworld).

辛山入穴取屬金。辛山吉水：巽：主催官、高第、女貴、得妻財、長壽、神仙。吳公云：“辛逢巽秀神仙出。”言辛龍有巽峰巽水者，出神仙。予見金溪徐氏菖蒲塘一地，辛龍，有巽峰巽水，出一文一武一神仙龜形地，出一副憲，名善慶，癸丑進士。一指揮，一僊。又豐城范氏祖地在應墟，亥龍入辛，巽峰特秀，出一神仙曰登雲，一土神曰小三官，亦甚靈感。三陽水、卦配水、進神水、催官水、女財水、文秀水、陰皷水。

When a site is located on a辛 mountain, the Five Phases take it as belonging to metal. The auspicious waters for a辛 mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Xun direction: it signifies promotion in official position, achieving high academic success, the wives and daughters becoming prominent, gaining wealth through marriage, longevity, and even producing extraordinary individuals like immortals. Wu Jingluan said: when a辛 dragon meets a beautiful Xun direction, it can produce immortals. This means that when a site is a辛 dragon and also has a Xun peak and Xun water, it can produce immortals. We have seen a site called Changpu塘 in the Xu family of Jinxī, which is a辛 dragon with Xun peak and Xun water, producing one scholar, one military officer, and one immortal. It was a turtle-shaped site, and it produced a Deputy Director of the Imperial Censorate named Xu Shanzheng, who was an imperial examiner in the year of Guichou, and also a commander. There was also an immortal. Another example is the ancestral tomb of the Fan family in Yingshu in Fengcheng, where the亥 dragon turns into a辛 direction, and the Xun peak is especially elegant, producing an immortal named Fan Dengyun, and a local deity called Xiaosan Guan, who is very effective. Water from the Xun direction is known by various names in different families, including Sanyang water,卦配 water,Advancing God water,催官 water, 女财 water, 文秀 water, and 阴鼓 water.

震：主武貴，發財，文官權武，威振邊方。進神水、陽皷水、魁鄉水。艮：主大發財產，典州郡。天財水、銀帶水、橫財水、陰皷水、進神水。丁、丙：主長壽、富財、旺人、貴顯。三陽水、赦文水、長壽水、陰皷水。辛山凶水：巳剛火、退神，子午桃花，辰戌丑未黃泉，壬癸混雜，寅申支煞，乾坤亢極。

Water coming from the Zhen position indicates a person who holds a military position of high status, gains wealth, or holds a civil post with military authority, causing great reputation and influence at the borders; this water is also known as advancing god water, yang drum water, and魁乡 water. Water coming from the Gen position indicates great wealth and the ability to hold the position of governor of a state or prefecture; this water is also known as heavenly wealth water, silver belt water, cross wealth water, yin drum water, and advancing god water. Water coming from the Ding and Bing positions indicates longevity, wealth, a thriving population, and high status; this water is also known as three yang water, pardon document water, longevity water, and yin drum water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for a辛 mountain: the巳 position belongs to fierce fire and is a retreating god; the子 and午 positions are associated with romantic affairs; the辰, 戌, 丑, and 未 positions are associated with the yellow泉; the壬 and 癸 positions cause mixed qi; the寅 and 申 positions are considered evil branches; the干 and 坤 positions are associated with extreme yang energy.

庚山入穴，取屬金。庚山吉水：震水：主武貴，發財旺人。卦氣水、進神水、催官水、陰皷水、鬼鄉水。巽：主文章、高科第。進神水、三陽水、學堂水、御街水。艮：主大發財，富貴旺人。花羅水、銀帶水、陰皷水、御街水、進神水、橫財水。

When the mountain of Geng is taken as the site, the Five Phases take it as metal. The auspicious waters for Geng mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Zhen position indicates military office, high status, wealth, and a thriving population. This water is also known as advancing god water, trigram qi water, promoting official water, yin drum water, and ghost village water. Water coming from the Xun position indicates fame in literature and high academic rank. This water is also known as advancing god water, three yang water, academy water, imperial street water. Water coming from the Gen position indicates great wealth, prosperity, and a thriving population. This water is also known as flower robe water, silver belt water, yin drum water, imperial street water, advancing god water, and cross wealth water.

丙：主長壽、富貴。花羅水、三陽水、赦文水、陰皷水、長壽水。丁：主長壽、富貴。建財水、三陽水、赦文水、陰皷水、長壽水。亥：主大旺人財。配卦水。庚山凶水：巳剛火、退神水，子午桃花，乾坤亢極，辰戌丑未黃泉，甲乙孤虛，丙丁回祿，子癸孤虛、溷雜，寅申支氣。

Water coming from the Bing direction: it signifies longevity and wealth; it is also known as Huolaoshui, Sanyangshui, Shewenshui, Yinyushui, and Changshoushui. Water coming from the Ding direction: it also signifies longevity and wealth; it is also known as Jiancaishui, Sanyangshui, Shewenshui, Yinyushui, and Changshoushui. Water coming from the Hai direction: it indicates great prosperity in people and wealth; it belongs to the category of matching hexagram water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for a Geng mountain: the Si direction belongs to strong fire and is also the Retreating God; Zi and Wu directions signify peach blossoms; Qian and Kun directions are excessive; Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei directions are Yellow泉; Jia and Yi directions indicate solitude and deficiency; if both Bing and Ding directions come at the same time, it signifies fire disaster; Zi and Gui directions indicate solitude and confusion; Yin and Shen directions belong to impure earthly branches. Although Bing and Ding directions are considered auspicious in the category of good water, they are listed as inauspicious here because they are both present and converging, referring to the situation where both directions' waters come together. Refer to the previous section on "Huilu Water" for further clarification.

丙山入穴。丙山吉水：艮：主多田產，旺人。催官水、納卦水、陰皷水。震：主武貴、發財。鬼鄉水、陽皷水。辛：主科第、旺人、發財。建財水、金帶水、進神水、文秀水、陰皷水、女財水、橫財水、金魚水印。

The auspicious waters for a site facing the direction of Bing (Fire) are as follows. Water coming from the Gen direction indicates abundant land property and a thriving population; it is also known as promoting officialdom water, receiving the hexagram water, and yin drum water. Water coming from the Zhen direction indicates military rank and wealth; it is also known as ghost village water and yang drum water. Water coming from the Xin direction indicates success in exams, a thriving population, and wealth; it is also known as building wealth water, gold belt water, advancing god water, literary beauty water, yin drum water, female wealth water, cross wealth water, and gold fish seal water.

庚：主武貴，得軍中財。花羅水、金帶水、鬼鄉水、進神水、陽皷水。兌：主科第、大富。進神水、陽皷水、鬼鄉水、橫財水。亥：主饒財旺人。歸元水退神半吉。丙山凶水：子桃花水，寅申支氣，乾坤亢極，甲乙孤虛，壬癸溷雜，辰戌丑未黃泉。

Water coming from the position of Geng: indicates military rank and prestige, and gaining wealth from the military; it is also known as flower silk water, golden belt water, ghost village water, advancing god water, and yang drum water. Water coming from the position of Dui: indicates academic success and great wealth; it is also known as advancing god water, yang drum water, ghost village water, and cross fortune water. Water coming from the position of Hai: indicates abundant wealth and a thriving population; it belongs to the returning origin water, but at the same time it is retreating god water, so it is only half good. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for a mountain facing the direction of Bing: the position of Zi is桃花 water; the positions of Yin and Shen belong to the浊气 of the earth branches; the directions of Qian and Kun are extreme yang energy; the directions of Jia and Yi indicate isolation and deficiency; the directions of Ren and Gui cause mixed energy; the positions of Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei are the Yellow泉.

丁山入穴取屬火。丁山吉水：艮：主高壽顯貴。借配水、銀帶水、長壽水、陽皷水、六秀水。兌：主鉅富旺人。正配水、金帶水、陽皷水、進神水、金魚印水。震：主武貴，發橫財，旺人。天財水、進神水、陽皷水。巽：主科第高官，得女財。三陽水、女財水、陽皷水、進神水。

When the mountain is of the Ding element and the water flows into the site, the Five Phases take it as belonging to fire. The auspicious waters for Ding mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Gen position indicates long life and high official status; it is also known as borrowed water, silver belt water, longevity water, yang drum water, and six excellent waters. Water coming from the Dui position indicates great wealth, numerous descendants, and prosperity; since Ding is included in Dui, it is a proper match, and it is also known as proper match water, gold belt water, yang drum water, advancing god water, and golden fish seal water. Water coming from the Zhen position indicates military official status, sudden wealth, and numerous descendants; it is also known as heavenly treasure water, advancing god water, and yang drum water. Water coming from the Xun position indicates high official rank through examination and gaining wealth from women; it is also known as three yang water, female wealth water, yang drum water, and advancing god water.

辛：主科第，大發財產。花羅水、橫財水、進神水、文秀水、女財水、陰皷水、金帶水、金魚水。庚：主發財、旺人、鉅富。建財水、金帶水、金印水、金魚水、進神水、陰皷水、橫財水、鬼鄉水。亥：主饒財旺人。歸元水退神半吉。丁山凶水：子水桃花，壬癸孤虛、退神，乾坤亢極，離離鄉，甲乙孤虛，辰戌丑未黃泉。

Water coming from the Xin direction: it signifies success in exams and great wealth; it is also known as Hualuo water, Hengcai water, Jinshe water, Wenxiu water, Nucai water, Yin gu water, Jindai water, and Jinyu water. Water coming from the Geng direction: it signifies wealth, prosperity of descendants, and great family fortune; it is also known as Jiancai water, Jindai water, Jinyan water, Jinyu water, Jinshe water, Yin gu water, Hengcai water, and Guixiang water. Water coming from the Hai direction: it signifies abundant wealth and thriving descendants, belonging to Guiyuan water and accompanied by Tui Shen, which is only half good. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for the Ding mountain: water from the Zi direction is桃花 water; water from the Ren and Gui directions indicates solitude and Tui Shen; water from the Qian and Kun directions indicates excessive strength; water from the Li direction indicates leaving the hometown; water from the Jia and Yi directions indicates solitude; and water from the Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei directions indicates Huangquan.

以上各陰局陰龍入首，編定諸家吉水方位，任從往來及折放通用，大利。其破局凶水，若見來去，穴法宜趨避控制注氣，切忌折放。

The above describes the favorable water directions for each mountain in the Yin structure, arranged according to various water methods. Any favorable water direction, regardless of where the water comes from or goes to, or even if it is artificially redirected there, can be universally applied and is highly beneficial. As for the凶 water that conflicts with the structure, if it is found to have both a source and a destination, it should be avoided in the burial practice through methods of control and energy regulation to resolve the issue. It is absolutely forbidden to redirect water to those directions. These two sentences summarize the entries for each mountain in the Yin structure and also serve as the mnemonic for using this checklist.

離山入穴取屬火。離山吉水：壬水：主發財催貴。納乾水、陰皷水、科甲水、橫財水、催官水。癸：主富。借配水、陰皷水。甲：主發財。建財水、進神水、陰皷水。乙：主發財。花羅水、進神水、陰皷水。

The following is a description of the yang layout. For a situation where the fire mountain (Li) enters the burial site, the Five Phases take fire as its attribute. The auspicious waters associated with the fire mountain are as follows. Water coming from the壬 (Ren) position: signifies wealth and promotes official status and prestige; since the Li hexagram receives Ren, it also carries the names of receiving dry water, yin drum water, examination success water, cross fortune water, and promoting official water. Water coming from the癸 (Gui) position: signifies wealth; it also carries the names of borrowed matching water and yin drum water. Water coming from the甲 (Jia) position: signifies wealth; it also carries the names of building wealth water, advancing god water, and yin drum water. Water coming from the乙 (Yi) position: also signifies wealth; it also carries the names of flower net water, advancing god water, and yin drum water.

坤：主女發財。陽皷水。寅：主橫財。功曹水不宜合見戌水，主火災。申：主發財。傳送水、驛馬水。離山凶水：亥曜星，子桃花、退神，卯酉蛾眉，丑未黃泉，庚辛艮丁丙混雜。

Water coming from the position of Kun: indicates wealth coming from the wife's side, belonging to the yang drum water. Water coming from the position of Yin: indicates unexpected wealth, belonging to the Gongcao water; however, it is not suitable to meet with water from the Xu position, because Yin, Wu, and Xu form a triple harmony of fire, and if they appear together, it indicates fire disaster. Water coming from the position of Shen: indicates wealth; it also has the characteristics of transmission water and post horse water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided by the Li mountain: the position of Hai is the glare star of the Li mountain; the position of Zi indicates romantic affairs and retreating god; the positions of Mao and You belong to the image of蛾眉 romantic affairs; the positions of Chou and Wei are the Yellow泉; the positions of Geng, Xin, Gen, Ding, and Bing belong to the yin structure, and if mixed with the yang structure, it causes a disorder in the qi flow.

壬山入穴取屬水。壬山吉水：離：主催官、鉅富。進神水、納乾水、催官水、陰皷水、科甲水。甲：主發財。進財水、陰皷水。乙：主富。花羅水、陰皷水。

For a site facing the壬 (Ren) mountain, the Five Phases take it as belonging to water. The auspicious waters for the壬 (Ren) mountain are as follows. Water coming from the离 (Li) position: this signifies promotion in official rank and great wealth. Since the Li trigram receives the Ren, the two energies are properly matched, and this water is also known as advancing god water, receiving the heavenly stem water, promoting official rank water, yin drum water, and examination success water. Water coming from the甲 (Jia) position: this signifies gaining wealth, and is also known as advancing wealth water and yin drum water. Water coming from the乙 (Yi) position: this signifies wealth, and is also known as flower robe water and yin drum water. Since Ren and Li are mutually compatible in the receiving relationship, water from the Li position is listed under the Ren mountain, and water from the Ren position is listed under the Li mountain, and they are presented as the first class of auspicious waters.

坤：主女發財。陽皷水。寅：主得橫財。進神水、功曹水（忌見午戌合火局，主災）。申：主得藝財。傳送水。壬山凶水：卯酉蛾眉，辰戌丑未黃泉，幹亢極，巽巳丙丁庚辛震艮溷雜。

Water coming from the position of Kun: indicates wealth coming from the wife's side, belonging to Yang drum water. Water coming from the position of寅: indicates unexpected wealth; it is accompanied by the water of Advancing God and the water of Gongcao, but it is forbidden to see water from the positions of午 and 戌 together, forming a fire formation, which would instead lead to fire disasters. Water coming from the position of申: indicates wealth obtained through skills, belonging to transmission water. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for a mountain facing壬:卯 and 酉 belong to the蛾眉 peach blossom; 辰, 戌, 丑, and 未 belong to the Yellow泉; the position of乾 belongs to the extreme yang energy; the positions of 巽, 巳, 丙, 丁, 庚, 辛, 震, and 艮 all belong to the yin formation, and mixing with the yang formation would make the energy flow chaotic.

坤山入穴取屬土。坤山吉水：癸：主發財催貴。建財水、催官水、陰皷水、納乾水。乙：主富。陰皷水、納乾水。離：主發財富貴。陽皷水、進神水、科甲水。壬：主科甲、鉅富。花羅水、進神水、科甲水、陰皷水。

When a mountain of the Earth (Kun) is used as the site for a burial or dwelling, the Five Phases take it as belonging to Earth. The auspicious waters for a mountain of Earth are as follows. Water coming from the癸 (Gui) direction: signifies wealth and promotes official status and prestige; since the Kun hexagram receives the乙 (Yi) and癸 (Gui) directions, this water is also known as building wealth water, promoting official status water, yin drum water, and receiving dry water. Water coming from the乙 (Yi) direction: signifies wealth; it is also known as yin drum water and receiving dry water. Water coming from the离 (Li) direction: signifies wealth and promotes prestige; it is also known as yang drum water, advancing god water, and academic success water. Water coming from the壬 (Ren) direction: signifies academic success and great wealth; it is also known as flower net water, advancing god water, academic success water, and yin drum water.

甲：主小富。陰皷水。寅：主得軍中財。功曹水（不宜見午戌水相合，主火災）。坤山凶水：卯桃花、曜星、退神，辰戌丑未黃泉，庚辛巽巳艮亥溷雜，酉蛾眉，幹亢氣。

Water coming from the Jia position: it only brings small wealth and is considered yin water. Water coming from the寅 position: it brings wealth from military service, and is considered Gongcao water; however, it is not suitable to combine with water from the午 and 戌 positions to form the Triple Harmony of fire, otherwise it may cause fire disasters. The following are the凶 water to be avoided for the坤 mountain: the卯 position is both a peach blossom and a harmful star for the坤 mountain, and also involves the Retreating God, thus violating three aspects. The positions of辰, 戌, 丑, and 未 are associated with the Yellow泉. The positions of 庚, 辛, 巽, 巳, 艮, and 亥 belong to the yin structure, and if mixed in, it becomes chaotic. The酉 position is associated with the蛾眉 peach blossom. The乾 position is associated with excessive yang energy. This corresponds to the previous statement in 「Eight Mountains and Waters」 that 「the坤 mountain should avoid seeing water from the卯 position.」

癸山入穴取屬水。癸山吉水：離：主發財。借配水、進神水、陽皷水。坤：主女發財。正配水、天財水、陽皷水。乙：主富。建財水、陰皷水。寅：主富。功曹水（不宜合見午戌，主火災）。甲：主發財。傳送水。

When a site is chosen facing the Gui mountain, the Five Phases take it as belonging to the Water element. The auspicious waters coming to the Gui mountain are as follows. Water coming from the Li position indicates wealth; it is also known as Borrowing Water, Advancing God Water, and Yang Drum Water. Water coming from the Kun position indicates wealth coming from the wife's side; since the Kun hexagram receives the Gui, it is the proper match, and thus it is also known as Proper Match Water, Heaven Wealth Water, and Yang Drum Water. Water coming from the Yi position indicates wealth; it is also known as Building Wealth Water and Yin Drum Water. Water coming from the Yin position indicates wealth, belonging to the Gongcao Water category, but it is not suitable to appear together with the Wu and Xu positions, which form a fire pattern, otherwise it may cause fire disasters. Water coming from the Jia position indicates wealth, belonging to the Transmission Water category.

癸山凶水：卯酉蛾眉，幹亢氣，辰戌丑未黃泉，巽巳丙丁庚辛震艮混雜。以上編定諸陽局各山吉水所宜，來去並折放通用，大利。其各山凶水所宜避之，行注控制，切忌折放。

The凶 water to be avoided for the Gui mountain is: Mao and You belong to the蛾眉桃花; the dry position is the extreme yang energy; Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei are the Yellow Spring; Xun, Si, Bing, Ding, Geng, Xin, Zhen, and Gen belong to the yin structure, and if they are mixed in, they will cause the qi flow to become chaotic. The above is a table of the favorable water directions for each mountain in the yang structure. Any favorable water direction, whether the water comes or goes or is artificially redirected, can be used universally and is highly beneficial. As for the unfavorable water directions for each mountain, they should be avoided as much as possible. One should use methods of guiding and regulating the qi to control them. It is absolutely forbidden to redirect the water to those directions.

生入、克出者謂之進神，生出、克入者謂之退神。進神水吉，退神水凶。艮山屬土：丙丁屬火生艮土，為進神，吉。克出亥水：亥屬水，艮土克之，亦為進神，吉。生出庚、辛、兌屬金，艮土生之，為退神。二卦借配，山澤通氣，不以為凶。震、巽屬木，克艮土入，為退神，凶。

The definitions of "Advancing God" and "Retreating God" are as follows: if the incoming water's Five Phases generate the mountain where I sit (birth into), or if the mountain where I sit generates the incoming water (generation out), it is called "Advancing God"; if the mountain where I sit is generated by the incoming water (generation out), or if the incoming water generates the mountain where I sit (generation into), it is called "Retreating God". Advancing God water is auspicious, while Retreating God water is inauspicious. The mountain of Gen is earth: Bing and Ding belong to fire, which generates earth, this is birth into, thus "Advancing God", auspicious. The water of Hai is generation out—Hai belongs to water, and earth can generate it, so it is also "Advancing God", auspicious. Geng and Xin, along with the trigram Dui, belong to metal, and earth generates metal, this is generation out, thus "Retreating God"; but the trigrams Gen and Dui are paired, which corresponds to the meaning in the "Zhou Changes (I Ching)" "Mountains and marshes communicate through air", so it is not considered inauspicious. The trigrams Zhen and Xun belong to wood, which generates earth, this is generation into, thus "Retreating God", inauspicious.

震巽山屬木：亥水生入，為進神，吉。克出艮土，亦為進神，吉。生出丙、丁，為退神，於卦借配，不以為凶。克入庚、辛，亦為退神，於卦正配，不以為凶。克入兌金，又為巽之卦曜，大凶。庚兌辛山屬金：艮土生入為進神，吉。克出震、巽亦為進神，吉。丁火克入為退神，於卦正配，不以為凶。丙亦無忌。巳、午為曜，退神，大凶。

The trigrams Zhen (Thunder) and Xun (Wind) belong to the Wood element. Water from the亥 (Hai) position comes to nourish Wood, which is a case of generation into, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Wood goes on to overcome Gen (Mountain) Earth, which is a case of overcoming out, also known as the Advancing God, which is also auspicious. Wood goes on to nourish Bing (Bing) and Ding (Ding) Fire, which is a case of generation out, known as the Retreating God; however, since the two trigrams are paired, it is not considered inauspicious. Metal from the Geng (Geng) and Xin (Xin) positions comes to overcome Wood, which is a case of overcoming into, also known as the Retreating God; however, according to the Najia system, Zhen (Thunder) is paired with Geng (Geng) and Xun (Wind) is paired with Xin (Xin), so it is not considered inauspicious. Only when the metal from the Dui (Dui) trigram overcomes into, and Dui (Dui) is also the luminous evil of Xun (Wind), it becomes extremely inauspicious. The trigrams Geng (Geng) and Dui (Dui) and Xin (Xin) belong to the Metal element. Earth from Gen (Mountain) comes to nourish Metal, which is a case of generation into, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Metal goes on to overcome Zhen (Thunder) and Xun (Wind) Wood, which is a case of overcoming out, also known as the Advancing God, which is also auspicious. Fire from Ding (Ding) comes to overcome Metal, which is a case of overcoming into, known as the Retreating God; however, since Dui (Dui) is paired with Ding (Ding), it is not considered inauspicious, and Bing (Bing) Fire does not need to be avoided. Only when the positions of Si (Si) and Wu (Wu) are involved, which are the luminous evils of this category, and also belong to the Retreating God, it becomes extremely inauspicious.

亥山屬水：庚、酉、辛生入為進神，吉。克出丙、丁亦為進神，吉。生出震、巽為退神，於卦借配，不以為凶。艮土克入，亦為退神。丙丁山屬火：震、巽生入為進神，吉。克出庚、辛亦為進神，吉。生出艮土為退神。丙以艮配，不以為凶。亥水克入，亦為退神。

The mountain of亥 belongs to water: the metal of庚 and酉, and辛 comes to generate water, which is generating into, considered as the Advancing God, auspicious. Water goes to overcome the fire of丙 and丁, which is overcoming out, also considered as the Advancing God, auspicious. Water goes to generate the wood of震 and巽, which is generating out, considered as the Retreating God; but since the two trigrams are paired, it is not considered as inauspicious. The earth of艮 comes to overcome water, which is overcoming into, also considered as the Retreating God. The mountain of丙 and丁 belongs to fire: the wood of震 and巽 comes to generate fire, which is generating into, considered as the Advancing God, auspicious. Fire goes to overcome the metal of庚 and辛, which is overcoming out, also considered as the Advancing God, auspicious. Fire goes to generate the earth of艮, which is generating out, considered as the Retreating God; but since丙 and艮 are paired, it is not considered as inauspicious. The water of亥 comes to overcome fire, which is overcoming into, also considered as the Retreating God.

離山屬火：壬、癸水克入為退神，於卦相配，不以為凶。坎水克旺卦，非宜。亥水克入，卦之正曜，大凶。壬癸山屬水：克離火為進神，吉。坤、艮土克入為退神。坤與癸正配無忌。艮則凶矣。

Fire belongs to the mountain and is governed by the trigram Li. When water from Jia and Gui comes to overcome fire, it is an instance of overcoming the strong, which is considered Retreating God; however, since Li includes Jia, the two trigrams are compatible, so it is not considered凶. When water from Kan comes to overcome fire, it is overcoming the strong trigram of fire, which is not favorable. When亥 water comes to overcome,亥 is also the harmful star of the trigram Li, which is very凶. For mountains of Jia and Gui, which belong to water, water goes to overcome fire, which is overcoming the weak, considered Advancing God, which is auspicious. When earth from Kun and Gen comes to overcome water, it is overcoming the strong, considered Retreating God; among them, Kun and Gui are in a proper relationship, so there is no need to avoid; but when Gen earth overcomes, it is凶. Therefore, although both are Retreating God, there are two types: one that can be resolved by a proper relationship and one that cannot, and they should be treated differently.

坤山屬土：離火生入為進神，吉。克出壬、子、癸亦為進神，吉。生出申、庚、酉、辛為退神，凶。克入寅、卯、甲、乙亦為退神，凶。甲、乙無忌，惟卯為凶。寅山屬木：壬、子、癸水生入為進神，吉。克出坤土亦為進神，吉。生出丙、丁巳火為退神，凶。克入幹、申金正配，不凶。

The mountain of Kūn belongs to earth: fire of Li comes to generate earth, which is generating into, thus being the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Earth goes to overcome water of Ren, Zi, and Gui, which is overcoming out, also being the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Earth goes to generate metal of Shen, Geng, You, and Xin, which is generating out, thus being the Retreating God, which is inauspicious. Wood of Yin, Mao, Jia, and Yi comes to overcome earth, which is overcoming into, also being the Retreating God, which is inauspicious; however, Jia and Yi are not to be avoided, but only the position of Mao is inauspicious, because Mao is the luminous evil of Kūn mountain. The mountain of Yin belongs to wood: water of Ren, Zi, and Gui comes to generate wood, which is generating into, thus being the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Wood goes to overcome earth of Kūn, which is overcoming out, also being the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Wood goes to generate fire of Bing, Ding, and Si, which is generating out, thus being the Retreating God, which is inauspicious. Metal of Gan and Shen comes to overcome wood, which is overcoming into, but it is a proper match, so it is not inauspicious.

甲山屬木：壬子癸水生入為進神，吉。克出坤土為進神，吉。生出丙丁火為退神，凶。克入幹申金正配，不凶。乙山屬木：壬、癸水生入，為進神，吉。克出坤、辰、戌土，為進神，吉。生出丙、丁火為退神，凶。克入幹、申金正配，不凶。巳山屬火：卯木生入為進神，吉。克出庚、酉金為進神，吉。生出坤、戌土為退神，凶。克入亥水正配，不凶。

Jia mountain belongs to wood: the water of Ren and Zi, and Gui comes to nourish wood, which is nourishing into, as advancing god, auspicious. Wood goes to overcome the earth of Kun, which is overcoming out, as advancing god, auspicious. Wood goes to nourish the fire of Bing and Ding, which is nourishing out, as retreating god, inauspicious. The metal of Geng and Shen comes to overcome wood, which is overcoming into, but it is a proper match, so it is not inauspicious. Yi mountain belongs to wood: the water of Ren and Gui comes to nourish wood, which is nourishing into, as advancing god, auspicious. Wood goes to overcome the earth of Kun, Chen, and Xu, which is overcoming out, as advancing god, auspicious. Wood goes to nourish the fire of Bing and Ding, which is nourishing out, as retreating god, inauspicious. The metal of Geng and Shen comes to overcome wood, which is overcoming into, but it is a proper match, so it is not inauspicious. Si mountain belongs to fire: the wood of Mao comes to nourish fire, which is nourishing into, as advancing god, auspicious. Fire goes to overcome the metal of Geng and You, which is overcoming out, as advancing god, auspicious. Fire goes to nourish the earth of Kun and Xu, which is nourishing out, as retreating god, inauspicious. The water of Hai comes to overcome fire, which is overcoming into, but it is a proper match, so it is not inauspicious.

丑未屬土：丙、丁火生入為進神，吉。生出幹、申金為退神，凶。克入卯、巽水正配，不凶。幹申屬金：艮、丑、未土生入為進神，吉。克出寅、甲木為進神，吉。生出庚、酉金為退神，凶。克入午火曜水，凶。辰戌山屬土：午火生入為進神，吉。克出壬、癸為進神，吉。生出庚、酉、辛金為退神，凶。克入寅、甲木為退神，正配不凶。

The mountains of Chou and Wei belong to earth: fire of Bing and Ding comes to generate earth, which is generating into, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Earth goes to generate metal of Geng and Shen, which is generating out, known as the Retreating God, which is inauspicious. Wood of Mao and Xun comes to overcome earth, which is overcoming into, but it is considered the proper match, so it is not inauspicious (the original text refers to 'Mao and Xun water', but Mao and Xun belong to wood; this is based on their directional match). The mountains of Gann and Shen belong to metal: earth of Gen, Chou, and Wei comes to generate metal, which is generating into, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Metal goes to overcome wood of Yin and Ji, which is overcoming out, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. As for metal going to generate metal of Geng and You, which is generating out, known as the Retreating God, which is inauspicious, the generation among the same kind does not form a generating or overcoming relationship, and the original text is like this, so we retain it as it is. Fire of Wu comes to overcome metal, and Wu is also the luminous water of the Gann trigram, which is inauspicious. The mountains of Chen and Xu belong to earth: fire of Wu comes to generate earth, which is generating into, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Earth goes to overcome water of Ren and Gui, which is overcoming out, known as the Advancing God, which is auspicious. Earth goes to generate metal of Geng, You, and Xin, which is generating out, known as the Retreating God, which is inauspicious. Wood of Yin and Ji comes to overcome earth, which is overcoming into, known as the Retreating God, but it is considered the proper match, so it is not inauspicious.

子山屬水：幹申金生入為進神，吉。克出午火為進神，吉。生出卯、巽木為退神，凶。克入坤、辰、戌土為退神，凶。此外又有《摘奇》載十四進神十退神，今辨正於後。

The mountain direction of Zi belongs to water: the metal of Gān and Shen comes to generate water, which is generation into, considered as the Advancing God, indicating good fortune. Water goes to overcome the fire of Wu, which is overcoming out, considered as the Advancing God, indicating good fortune. Water goes to generate the wood of Mao and Xun, which is generation out, considered as the Retreating God, indicating bad fortune. The earth of Kun, Chen, and Xu comes to overcome water, which is overcoming into, considered as the Retreating God, indicating bad fortune. The above is the fixed pattern of the twenty-four mountains regarding the Advancing and Retreating Gods. The method of judgment is based primarily on the direction of the Five Phases' generation and overcoming, and also considers whether the two trigrams are compatible. In addition, the book "Zhai Qi" mentions fourteen Advancing Gods and ten Retreating Gods, which will now be examined and clarified.

十四進神水，謂宜朝來吉，流去凶：丙向午水朝，富貴保千秋。丁向午水入，田地金銀積。未向坤水朝，大富出官僚。坤向申水至，亦出文章貴。申向申水來，富貴有梯媒。庚向申水至，百寶金銀聚。亥向亥水朝，富貴永無休。壬向子水朝，田地遍他州。子向子水入，官貴登科第。癸向亥水朝，也自足田牛。辰向甲水朝，鉅富足錢財。寅向水流丙，百口田莊進。甲向卯水至，富貴更無比。乙向甲水朝，財穀積成堆。

The "Zhai Qi" lists fourteen types of Advancing Gods (进神) water, stating that when they come from the morning they are auspicious, but when they flow away they are inauspicious. If the direction is set to Bing and the water flows from Wu, wealth and honor will be preserved for generations. If the direction is set to Ding and the water flows from Wu, fields and treasures will accumulate. If the direction is set to Wei and the water flows from Kun, great wealth and official positions will be attained. If the direction is set to Kun and the water flows from Shen, there will be people of literary fame and high status. If the direction is set to Shen and the water flows from Shen, wealth and honor will be achieved step by step. If the direction is set to Geng and the water flows from Shen, all kinds of treasures and gold will gather. If the direction is set to Hai and the water flows from Hai, wealth and honor will never cease. If the direction is set to Ren and the water flows from Zi, fields will be abundant enough to extend to other states. If the direction is set to Zi and the water flows from Zi, official rank and prestige will be obtained, and success in the imperial examinations will be achieved. If the direction is set to Gui and the water flows from Hai, one will have sufficient land and livestock. If the direction is set to Chen and the water flows from Jia, great wealth and abundant funds will be obtained. If the direction is set to Yin and the water flows toward Bing, the family will have increased fields and estates. If the direction is set to Jia and the water flows from Mao, wealth and honor will be unmatched. If the direction is set to Yi and the water flows from Jia, wealth and grain will accumulate in heaps.

上十四進神水法，驗仙蹟多不准，不可深信。其可信者，惟有六向：申向申水朝、坤向坤水朝、亥向亥水朝、壬向子水朝、子向子水朝、乙向甲水朝。其外八向進神水不吉，不可用。

The above fourteen methods of advancing god water flow, when verified against the old graves and sites left by previous sages, are mostly inaccurate and should not be trusted. Among them, only six directions are reliable: facing the direction of Shen with Shen water flowing towards the site, facing the direction of Kun with Kun water flowing towards the site, facing the direction of Hai with Hai water flowing towards the site, facing the direction of Ren with Zi water flowing towards the site, facing the direction of Zi with Zi water flowing into the site, and facing the direction of Yi with Jia water flowing towards the site. The remaining eight directions' advancing god water flow are not auspicious and should not be used. This method of testing old sites in practice to eliminate certain methods is the consistent approach used in this book to select and discard various water flow techniques.

十退神水至凶至凶，不可信用：巳向水流丁，打馬去朝京。午向水流丙，五馬坐專成。酉向水流辛，富有足金銀。辛向水流丑，也自足田牛。戌向水流乾，金寶如沙積。乾向水流乾，富貴出雙全。丑向水流艮，富貴聲名遠。卯向水流乙，財穀自然聚。辰向水流巽，富貴莊田進。巽向水流巽，管取富無比。

As for the so-called ten retreating god waters, they are extremely凶 and should absolutely not be trusted. The original text says: if the direction is set to巳 and the water flows toward丁, one can ride a horse and go to the capital to pay homage; if the direction is set to午 and the water flows toward丙, one can hold the position of a governor with five horses; if the direction is set to酉 and the water flows toward辛, one will be rich in gold and silver; if the direction is set to辛 and the water flows toward丑, one will have sufficient farmland and cattle; if the direction is set to戌 and the water flows toward乾, gold and treasures will pile up like sand; if the direction is set to乾 and the water flows toward乾, both wealth and status will be complete; if the direction is set to丑 and the water flows toward艮, wealth, status, and reputation will spread far and wide; if the direction is set to卯 and the water flows toward乙, wealth and grain will naturally gather; if the direction is set to辰 and the water flows toward巽, wealth, status, and farmland will increase; if the direction is set to巽 and the water flows toward巽, one will certainly be extremely wealthy. These ten all consider flowing water as auspicious, but the following two Xu criticize this as incorrect.

《摘奇》云：“此十退神水，謂之直流水，宜流去吉，朝來凶。”愚按：此退神水之說至凶，誤人極甚。不知何為立此言也。《葬經》云“得水為上。”得水豈以水去為哉！前輩雖下去水地，亦必龍穴真的，砂鎖周密，烏有不論龍穴真偽，而惟以方位合此退神，竟不畏其直去之理？智者勿信。

The "Zhai Qi" says: These ten kinds of retreating god waters are called straight waters. It is auspicious if they flow away, and inauspicious if they come towards. Two Xu's commentary says: This concept of retreating god waters is extremely dangerous, and it misleads people greatly. Truly, one wonders why such a statement was originally made. Guo Pu's "Zang Shu" says, "To obtain water is the best." — So what does "obtaining water" mean? Is it referring to water flowing away? Although some predecessors have occasionally chosen sites with flowing water, they must certainly be places where the dragon line is true and the site is proper, with surrounding hills forming a secure enclosure. How could one ignore the authenticity of the dragon line and site, and merely rely on the direction matching these few criteria of retreating god waters, and then claim it is safe for straight flowing water? Wise people should not believe this.

按：仙輩云：“水乃陣上之兵，進退由將。”故水有進神，有退神，如兵有義兵，有暴兵。暴兵所至，必有凶年，烏可向邇？猶退神不可使進也。義兵若時雨，孰不引領以徯“我後之來”？猶進神不可使退也。然進也退也，豈由於水與兵哉！必主將尊嚴，指揮素定，則所向有功，而境內晏然矣。哲師之用水，亦素熟嫻而措之雲。

Again, as the ancients said, "Water is like soldiers on the battlefield; their advance and retreat are entirely controlled by the general." Therefore, water has advancing gods and retreating gods, just as soldiers have benevolent and righteous armies and cruel and tyrannical ones. A cruel and tyrannical army, wherever it goes, inevitably brings about years of famine; how can it be allowed to come near? This is like the retreating god of water not being allowed to enter. A benevolent and righteous army is like timely rain; who does not stretch his neck in anticipation of the words from the Book of Documents, "Our sovereign has come"? This is like the advancing god of water not being allowed to retreat. However, whether it advances or retreats, is it really up to the water or the soldiers themselves? It must be that the general is dignified and commands with clear intentions, so that wherever he goes, there is success and peace within the territory. A skilled geomancer, when using water, is also someone who is well-versed in it beforehand, and then can calmly arrange things when faced with a situation.