The four things indicated by an eclipse occurring early or late.

甘氏曰：“日出至早食時蝕為齊；食時至籨中食為楚；籨中至日中蝕為周；日中至日籦蝕為秦；日籦至日晡蝕為魏；晡時至日夕蝕為燕；日夕至日入蝕為代；皆為不出三年，當之者國有喪。”甘氏曰：“日始出而蝕，是謂無明，齊越受兵；一曰亡地。”京氏曰：“日始出而蝕，是謂棄光，齊楚亡。”甘氏曰：“日中而蝕，荊魏受兵；一曰亡地，海內兵大起。”《太公兵法》曰：“日中蝕，海內兵大起，王公憂。”石氏曰：“日晡蝕，兵將罷兵不起。”

Gan De said: If an eclipse of the sun occurs between sunrise and the first meal time, it should be in the state of Qi; between the first meal time and the time when the sun is at its highest, it should be in the state of Chu; between the time when the sun is at its highest and noon, it should be in the state of Zhou; between noon and the time when the sun begins to slope westward, it should be in the state of Qin; between the time when the sun begins to slope westward and the time of the afternoon meal, it should be in the state of Wei; between the time of the afternoon meal and the time of evening, it should be in the state of Yan; between the time of evening and sunset, it should be in the state of Dai. These situations will all be verified within three years, and the country that is indicated will experience mourning. Gan De also said: If the sun is eclipsed as soon as it rises, this is called 'wu ming' (no brightness), and both Qi and Yue will suffer military calamities; another view is that they will lose territory. Jing Fang said: If the sun is eclipsed as soon as it rises, this is called 'qi guang' (abandoning brightness), and both Qi and Chu will perish. Gan De said: If an eclipse of the sun occurs at noon, both Jing and Wei will suffer military calamities; another view is that they will lose territory, and there will be large-scale military campaigns throughout the country. The "Tai Gong Bing Fa" said: If an eclipse of the sun occurs at noon, there will be large-scale military campaigns throughout the country, and the kings and princes will be anxious and fearful. Shi Shen said: If an eclipse of the sun occurs at the time of the afternoon meal, the military will disband, and warfare will not resume.

甘氏曰：“日將入而蝕，大人出兵，趙燕當之；近期三月，遠期三年。”《魏氏圖》曰：“日入出蝕，是謂勝明，大人出兵起當之。”

Gan De said: When a solar eclipse occurs as the sun is setting, it indicates that a prominent person will lead an army, and the regions of Zhao and Yan will suffer this calamity; the immediate consequence will be within three months, while the distant consequence will be within three years. The "Wei Shi Tu" states: A solar eclipse occurring at sunset is called "Sheng Ming," indicating that a prominent person will lead military campaigns, and this phenomenon will be borne by him.

《春秋感精符》曰：“日以上蝕者，子為害。”甘氏曰：“幾日蝕，則有兵；日蝕從上，失於道，君當之。”京氏曰：“日蝕上者，君為其偽，佞人而安用之，故尊卑失禮，責於尊者；故天見亡君之象。”京房《易傳》曰：“凡日蝕從上，失臣。”郗萌曰：“日蝕上，皆為責在君；其色青，則弱於任善，生怨患；赤則君無禮，不好學；黃則君欺其下，掩臣美；白則弱於誅惡，生仇讎；黑則簡宗廟、鬼神。”

The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Book of the Celestial Mandate says: When an eclipse of the sun begins from the upper part, the calamity affects the descendants. Gan De says: Whenever there is an eclipse of the sun, there will be military conflict; if the eclipse begins from the upper part, it indicates the fault of losing the Way, which is the responsibility of the sovereign. Jing Fang says: When an eclipse begins from the upper part, it signifies the sovereign's actions being insincere, knowingly employing wicked ministers, thus causing disorder in hierarchy and the collapse of rituals. Heaven's punishment then falls upon those in high position, so the heavens display the signs of a fallen sovereign. Jing Fang's Commentary on the Changes says: Whenever an eclipse begins from the upper part, it indicates the sovereign losing his ministers. Xi Meng says: When an eclipse occurs from the upper part, the responsibility lies with the sovereign: if the color is blue, it indicates the sovereign neglecting to employ virtuous men, thus fostering resentment and calamity; if red, it indicates the sovereign not following rituals and neglecting learning; if yellow, it indicates the sovereign deceiving subordinates and concealing the merits of ministers; if white, it indicates the sovereign neglecting to eliminate wickedness, thus accumulating enemies; if black, it indicates neglecting ancestral temples and disregarding spirits.

甘氏曰：“日蝕從中央起，內亂，兵大起，更立太子。”京氏曰：“日蝕內者，君即朝臨政，厲心為治，不疑臣下；臣下以邪，亂君政，故天見亡臣之象；故臣當之。”京氏曰：“日蝕從中，中青赤外黃，國亡；又曰：中人為亂。”郗萌曰：“日蝕中，皆為內有伏謀；青則謀者止，赤則謀其事，黃則謀成者受誅，白則事覺，黑則逆謀成其事。”洪範曰：“日蝕貫日中央，上下竟而黑，臣弒君，從中成之刑也。”《荊州占》曰：“凡日蝕從中者，人君有娶於同姓。”

Gan De said: When an eclipse begins at the center of the sun, it indicates internal turmoil and a great outbreak of military conflict, and also implies a change in the crown prince. Jing Fang said: When an eclipse starts from within, it signifies that the sovereign is governing the state diligently, not suspecting his ministers, but the ministers use improper means to disrupt the sovereign's policies. Therefore, heaven shows the sign of a doomed minister, and the ministers will bear the consequences. Jing Fang also said: When an eclipse begins at the center, if the middle is red and the outer part is yellow, the country will be destroyed; another view is that it indicates rebellion within. Xi Meng said: When an eclipse occurs at the center, it indicates there is a hidden plot within. If the color is blue, the plotter will stop; if red, the plot is being planned; if yellow, after the plot is successful, the mastermind will be executed; if white, the plot is exposed; if black, the rebellion will succeed. Hong Fan said: When an eclipse passes through the center of the sun, and the whole sun turns black, it indicates ministers will kill the sovereign, which is a punishment caused internally. The "Jingzhou Divination" said: Whenever an eclipse begins at the center, it indicates the sovereign has married a woman of the same surname.

《荊州占》曰：“日蝕從中央始，國君遇賊。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕從中起，君受兵；一曰所宿國有兵；一曰臣謀君。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕中央空，主死，期三年；應以善事，則消災。”

The *Jingzhou Divination* says: If an eclipse of the sun begins from the center, the sovereign will encounter rebels. The same text also states: If an eclipse of the sun begins from the center, the ruler will face military calamity; another interpretation says that the country corresponding to the star mansion where the sun resides will experience warfare; yet another says that ministers will plot against the sovereign. The text also says: If the sun is eclipsed and the center is empty, forming a ring, the sovereign will die, and the time of this event will be three years later; if the sovereign responds to the heavenly warning with good governance and righteous deeds, the calamity can be averted.

甘氏曰：“日蝕從下者，王室女淫自恣，此臣下當有動，師眾行軍；又曰失於事，將當之。”《春秋感精符》曰：“日蝕從下起，妻害急。”京氏曰：“日蝕從下起，失民，人君疑；於賢者為不肖，不用其政教，故天見亡民之象也。以人君尊；天將亡君，必先喪其民；蝕者，侵削之意也。”京氏曰：“日蝕從下起，多死；一曰下人為譖。”

Gan De said: When an eclipse of the sun begins at the lower part of the sun's disk, it indicates that the royal women are licentious and unrestrained; at this time, ministers will have unusual movements, mobilize troops and go to war; another view is that it is a loss in state affairs, which will be borne by the generals and commanders. The "Chunqiu Gan Jing Fu" said: When an eclipse of the sun begins at the lower part, it comes from the calamity of the wife's household, which is urgent. Jing Fang said: When an eclipse of the sun begins at the lower part, it indicates that the sovereign has lost the people's support; the sovereign harbors suspicion, regards the virtuous as unworthy, and refuses to adopt their policies and teachings, so the heavens show the signs of the people's loss. Because the sovereign is supreme, when the heavens intend to destroy a sovereign, they must first take away his people; "蚀" means to invade and reduce. Jing Fang also said: When an eclipse of the sun begins at the lower part, it indicates many deaths; another view is that people below are spreading false accusations and intrigues.

郗萌曰：“日蝕下，皆為責在民；青則民相譖，後有疾疫蟲災；赤則眾庶上，僭強乘弱，後有旱災；黃則失民，飭宮室，爭土疆，後有土功，皆奪主光，減年算；白則民相賊害，後有小兵；黑則小民多怨，後有水災，期三年也。”

Xi Meng said: When an eclipse occurs in the lower part, the responsibility lies with the common people. If the color turns blue, it indicates that the people are slandering and scheming against each other, and afterwards there will be plague and insect pests; if it turns red, it signifies that the common people are overstepping their rank and rebelling against authority, with the strong oppressing the weak, and afterwards there will be drought; if it turns yellow, it means losing the people's support, with the ruler indulging in palace construction and competing for land and borders, and afterwards there will be large-scale construction projects—these will all diminish the ruler's radiance and shorten his lifespan; if it turns white, it indicates that the people are harming each other, and afterwards there will be small-scale military conflicts; if it turns black, it means the common people have much resentment, and afterwards there will be floods, occurring within three years.

京氏曰：“日蝕，光清無雲，三日乃蝕；蝕已天鳴，蝕左右；此臣與君爭美尸大功。日，君也；所以有功者，我也；心生慕意，起之蝕也。後九年，臣謀君，六年成。”京氏曰：“日蝕左為噬嗑，火燒民。”京氏曰：“日蝕從傍起者，為兵從其方起，黎庶為亂。”郗萌曰：“日蝕左，皆為責在臣；青則臣專恩，赤則臣無禮於君，黃則臣侵君上，白則臣專法，黑則欺君，失臣。”京氏曰：“日蝕從右傍者，君親作惑，道虎狼之行。”

Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, the sky is clear and there are no clouds, and three days later the eclipse happens. After the eclipse, there is a sound in the sky, and the eclipse appears on the left or right side of the sun - this is an omen of ministers competing with the sovereign for beauty and claiming great achievements for themselves. The sun symbolizes the sovereign, but the ministers think their achievements are entirely their own, and they develop a desire to seize power, thus causing such an eclipse. After nine years, a minister will kill the sovereign, and after six years, the deed will be accomplished. Jing Fang said: If the eclipse occurs on the left side, it corresponds to the Hexagram of Eating Fire, which indicates a fire that burns the people. Jing Fang also said: If the eclipse starts from the side, it indicates that warfare will arise from that direction, and the common people will rebel. Xi Meng said: If the eclipse occurs on the left side, the responsibility lies with the ministers: if the color is blue, it means the ministers monopolize the power of granting favors; if it is red, it means the ministers are disrespectful to the sovereign; if it is yellow, it means the ministers encroach upon the sovereign; if it is white, it means the ministers abuse the law; if it is black, it means the ministers deceive the sovereign, and the sovereign will lose his ministers. Jing Fang said: If the eclipse starts from the right side, it indicates that the sovereign himself causes confusion and carries out brutal and savage actions.

京氏曰：“日蝕右，皆為賁；火燒諸侯，必有異災起。”郗萌曰：“日蝕右，皆為責在臣；青則佐公作惡，赤則佐公作福，黃則放其君，白則佐公作刑，黑則臣作威。”《天鏡》曰：“日蝕從右傍者，淫女暴為主君；當暴治丘冢，傷害人民，百姓怨。”甘氏曰：“日蝕從傍起，失於令，相當之。”

Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs on the right side, it corresponds to the hexagram Zhen, indicating a fire that burns the feudal lords, and there will certainly be an unusual calamity arising. Xi Meng said: When an eclipse occurs on the right side, the responsibility lies with the ministers: if the color turns blue, it signifies the ministerial officials committing evil deeds; if it turns red, it signifies the ministerial officials granting favors without authority; if it turns yellow, it signifies the expulsion of the sovereign; if it turns white, it signifies the ministerial officials using punishments without authority; if it turns black, it signifies the ministers acting independently and wielding power arbitrarily. The Tian Jing said: When an eclipse begins on the right side, it indicates a licentious woman who tyrannically surpasses the sovereign; at that time, there will be extensive construction of tombs, harming the people, and the common people will be resentful. Gan De said: When an eclipse occurs on the side, it indicates failure in the implementation of orders, and the chancellor will bear the responsibility.

《河圖》曰：“日青黑，以傍蝕之，臣之害。”（按洪範《日月變占》曰：“漢武元狩元年五月乙巳晦戶日有蝕之，從傍左，明年丞相公孫弘薨之應）《春秋感精符》曰：“日蝕傍者，臣欲作禍之應；殺君亡國，四夷入侵；遠期二十七年，中期二十九月，近期九月。”郗萌曰：“日月蝕，皆為責在妃：青則女疾，眾妾欺君，奪主榮，恣害爭寵，內患；赤則右夫人乘君損主：白則眾妾怨妒：黑則君內消，將絕嗣，卑妾得志，滅君德，失夫人。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕四傍缺，諸侯王有死者，期在三年中。”

The Yellow River Chart says: The Sun appears dark blue and is eaten from the side, which indicates a calamity brought about by a minister. The original commentary notes: The "Hydrological Model" section of the "Book of Documents" states that in the first year of Yuanshou of Emperor Wu of Han, on the last day of the fifth month, a solar eclipse occurred, beginning from the left side. The next year, the Chancellor Gong Sun Hong died, which was its fulfillment. The "Spring and Spirit Symbol" says: A solar eclipse occurring on the side signifies that a minister wishes to rebel and cause chaos, there will be an assassination of the sovereign and the country's destruction, with the four barbarian tribes invading. The distant fulfillment is twenty-seven years, the middle one is twenty-nine months, and the near one is nine months. Xi Meng says: When the Sun or Moon is eclipsed, the responsibility lies with the concubines: if the color is dark blue, it indicates a woman is ill, the many concubines deceive the sovereign, seize the honor of the principal wife, act recklessly to harm her, and cause internal court troubles; if it is red, it indicates the right concubine surpasses the sovereign and harms him; if it is white, it indicates the many concubines are jealous and resentful; if it is black, it indicates the sovereign loses his vitality within the palace, will have no descendants, and the lowly concubine gains power, erasing the sovereign's virtue, and the principal wife loses her position. The "Jingzhou Divination" says: When the Sun is eclipsed and the four sides are damaged, there will be the death of a prince or king, and the fulfillment will occur within three years.

京房《易傳》曰：“諸侯越職征伐，與上分威．則日蝕中分。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕中分，五年其國亡；一曰二年亡。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕，有亡其國者；少半蝕，少半亡：半蝕，半亡。”甘氏曰：“日蝕過半，必有亡國，期一年。”甘氏曰：“日蝕不盡，有失地：一曰強國有逐相。”京氏曰：“日蝕不盡，相有出走者，期八十日。”董仲舒曰：“諸侯不承天子命，自相侵伐，則日蝕三毀三復。”（此仲舒日異對也。）

Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: If the feudal lords exceed their proper bounds and act independently, waging war without the Son of Heaven's authority, there will be an eclipse of the sun with the sun's disc split in half. The "Jingzhou Zhuan" says: If the sun is eclipsed and split in half, the country will perish within five years; another account says it will perish within two years. The same text also says: An eclipse presages the downfall of a state; if less than half of the sun is eclipsed, less than half of the country's territory will be lost; if half of the sun is eclipsed, half of the country's territory will be lost. Gan De says: If more than half of the sun is eclipsed, there will certainly be a national downfall, and the event will occur within a year. Gan De also says: If the sun is eclipsed but not completely, it presages the loss of territory; another account says that a powerful state will expel its prime minister. Jing Fang says: If the sun is eclipsed but not completely, there will be a prime minister who flees, and the event will occur within eighty days. Dong Zhongshu says: If the feudal lords do not obey the Son of Heaven's orders but attack each other, there will be three eclipses of the sun, each followed by three restorations. The original text's marginal note says: This is what Dong Zhongshu said about the variations of the sun in his response to the imperial inquiry.

《河圖》曰：“日蝕盡者，王位也：不盡者，大臣位也；近期三月，遠期三年。”《春秋感精符》曰：“日蝕既，則破陰謀，黜豪傑，備邊輔，工易號戶失天下，外填寇，內填下。”《春秋感精符》曰；“君行無常，公輔不德，夷強狄侵，萬事錯，則日蝕既。”《孝經內記》曰：“日朔蝕既，天絕；日摯濁既，地絕：先晦蝕既，人絕。”石氏曰：“日蝕盡，其國大人亡：不盡，相去。”京房《易傳》曰：“亡師，茲謂不御厥異；日蝕，其蝕既也。”

The Yellow River Chart says: if the sun is completely eclipsed, it should be at the position of the sovereign; if it is partially eclipsed, it should be at the position of the ministers; the near one corresponds to three months, the distant one corresponds to three years. The Spring and Autumn Records of Sensing the Spirit says: when a total solar eclipse occurs, one should expose conspiracies, dismiss powerful ministers who act beyond their authority, and prepare the border defenses and the ministers who assist the sovereign; if one only changes names and disrupts the household registers, one will lose the world, and one must externally pacify the bandits and internally stabilize the people. The Spring and Autumn Records of Sensing the Spirit also says: if the sovereign does not act with regularity, the three ministers do not cultivate virtue, the barbarians are arrogant, the Di people invade, and all affairs are in disorder, then a solar eclipse will occur. The Inner Record of the Book of Filial Piety says: if a total solar eclipse occurs on the new moon day, it is the interruption of the heavenly way; if the sun's light becomes turbid and then is totally eclipsed, it is the interruption of the earthly way; if a total solar eclipse occurs before the last day of the month, it is the interruption of the human way. Shi Shen says: when a total solar eclipse occurs, the great person in that region will die; if it is only partially eclipsed, the sovereign and ministers will be separated. Jing Fang's Transmission of the Book of Changes says: losing soldiers and the people, this is called being unable to resist change, and a solar eclipse will completely cover the sun.

京房《易傳》曰：“君臣不通，茲胃亡厥，蝕三既。”京房《易傳》曰：“弒君獲位，茲謂逆厥，蝕既，先風雨，折木，日赤。”京氏曰：“日蝕，地坼。”董仲舒曰：“前事己大，後事將至者又大，則日蝕既。”董仲舒《災異對》曰：“人君自專祿，不封賜功臣，則日蝕既，而黑光反外照。”董仲舒《災異對》曰：“亂臣賊子欲作逆弒君竊位，則日蝕既，先風折樹。”董仲舒《災異對》曰：“人君妒賢嫉能，臣下謀上，則日蝕既：先雨雹，殺走獸。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: When the ruler and ministers cannot communicate with each other, this is called the image of loss and destruction, and the sun will be eclipsed three times completely. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" also says: When a minister kills the ruler and takes the throne, this is called the image of great rebellion, and the sun will be completely eclipsed, with storms and strong winds breaking trees beforehand, and the sun appearing red. Jing Fang says: After a solar eclipse, the earth will crack. Dong Zhongshu says: If something significant has already occurred beforehand, and another significant event is about to come, a total solar eclipse will occur. In Dong Zhongshu's "Zaiyi Dui," it says: If the ruler monopolizes titles and rewards, refusing to grant them to meritorious ministers, a total solar eclipse will occur, and black light will radiate outward. The same text also says: If rebellious ministers and villains plot to kill the ruler and seize the throne, a total solar eclipse will occur, with strong winds breaking trees beforehand. The same text also says: If the ruler is jealous of the virtuous and capable, and ministers plot against the ruler, a total solar eclipse will occur, with hail falling and wild animals being killed beforehand.

《洛書》曰：“日蝕盡伐者，謂既也。伐者人君死，子代之；或臣篡殺。不盡者，日虧缺也。”（按洪範《天文日月變占》曰；‘春秋魯襄公二十四年七月甲子朔，日有食之，既，既、盡也，秦晉分也；後十二月，秦景公卒，其弟車自晉復於秦之應也。漢惠帝七年，夏五月丁卯，先晦一日，日有食之，既，既、盡也，亦周秦分野，陰匿始起而犯盛，其年八月，惠帝崩。呂后七年春，正月已丑晦，日有食之，既，既、盡也，在營室九度，為宮室，中呂后曰此為我也。

The Luo Writing says: When the sunlight is completely obscured, it is called "ji," meaning a total eclipse. When "ji" occurs, the ruler dies and is succeeded by his son; or the ruler is killed by a minister who seizes power. If the eclipse does not completely obscure the sun, it is merely a deficiency in the sun's appearance. A note from the original text: The Hongfan section of the Astronomical Records on Changes of the Sun and Moon says that in the twenty-fourth year of Duke Xiang of Lu's reign in Spring and Autumn, on the first day of the month, a solar eclipse occurred and it was a "ji" eclipse. "Ji" means complete. The region affected was that of Qin and Jin. Later, in the twelfth month, King Jinggong of Qin died, and his younger brother Gongzi Chen returned to Qin from Jin, which was the fulfillment of the prediction. In the seventh year of Emperor Hui of Han's reign, in the fifth month of summer, on the day before the last day of the month, a solar eclipse occurred, also a "ji" eclipse, and the region affected was the same as that of Zhou and Qin. The hidden yin energy began to rise and could attack the strong yang energy. In the eighth month of that year, Emperor Hui died. In the seventh year of Empress Lu's reign, in the first month of spring, on the last day of the month, a solar eclipse occurred, again a total eclipse, located at the ninth degree of the Encampment Mansion. The Encampment Mansion governs palaces and buildings, so Empress Lu said this was a sign that it would befall her.

明年，呂后崩，應也。）甘氏曰：“日蝕盡，天下大凶，有亡國：一日必更王，入主死：近期二年中不盡，有失地者中”京房《易傳》曰：“君誅殺失理，臣下有叛心，則日蝕盡而光散。”又曰：“君臣見災不改行，國將亡，則日蝕三盡也。”京房《妖占》曰：“日蝕盡，臣欲殺主：一曰歲有夷王起：一曰有喪。”（按韋昭《洞紀》曰：周桓王十一年七月日食既，十三年壬辰陳桓公鮑卒，弟陀殺兄子代立也。）京房《災異對》曰：“日蝕盡，天光露者，亡其邑。”

In the second year, after the death of Lady Lu Hou, this prediction came true. Gan De said: a total solar eclipse indicates great calamity across the land, and the state will perish; another interpretation is that there will certainly be a change of ruler, the monarch will die, and the event will occur within two years; if the eclipse is not complete, there will be loss of territory. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" said: if the ruler kills unjustly, ministers will develop rebellious hearts, and this will result in a total solar eclipse with the light completely disappearing. It also said: if the king and ministers still do not change their behavior upon seeing portents, the country will perish, and there will be three total solar eclipses. Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" said: a total solar eclipse indicates that ministers wish to kill the ruler; another interpretation is that a king of the barbarian tribes will rise in that year; another is that there will be mourning. The original text's note: Wei Zhao's "Dong Ji" said that in the seventh month of the eleventh year of King Huan of Zhou, there was a total solar eclipse. In the thirteenth year of theRenchen (Renchen) era, Chen Huan Gong Bao died, and his younger brother Chen Tu killed the son of the elder brother to take his place. Jing Fang's "Zaiyi Dui" said: if a total solar eclipse occurs and the sky light comes from outside, it indicates the loss of a city.

京氏曰：“日蝕盡，日官不見直日者，其國有喪。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕盡光，此謂帝之殃；三年之間，有國必亡。”

Jing Fang said: When there is a total solar eclipse, if the official in charge of the heavens cannot see the sun that is in charge at that time, the country corresponding to that region will have mourning events. The "Jingzhou Divination" says: When the sun is completely eclipsed, this is called the calamity of the emperor; within three years, there must be a country that will perish.

京房《易傳》曰：“凡日蝕，其質赤黃黑而漸之者，明臣侵君也；日質赤黃而黑貫其中者，此人君無威，勢不行，為臣下所輕；故臣謀欲逐其君，居其劇也；黃，尚有中和之色也；故其咎也必覺，謀不行，君誅臣。當誅而不誅，則君必失其位。”京氏《易傳》曰：“日蝕，赤質而黑漸之者，此人君誅眾失理，民持兵去之；其咎欲殺。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: Whenever there is an eclipse of the sun, if the sun's original color, which is red and yellow, is gradually darkened by black clouds, it clearly indicates that ministers are infringing upon the sovereign. If the sun is red and yellow but has black clouds passing through its body, this signifies that the sovereign lacks authority, his power cannot be exerted, and he is looked down upon by his ministers. Therefore, the ministers plot to expel the sovereign and take his position. However, since the yellow color still remains, there is still a moderate and harmonious energy, so this misfortune will certainly be detected, and the plot will not succeed, allowing the sovereign to kill the rebellious ministers. If the sovereign does not kill them when he should, he will certainly lose his position. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: When there is a solar eclipse, if the sun appears red and is gradually darkened by black clouds, this indicates that the sovereign is unjust in killing many people, and the people will hold weapons and abandon him. The misfortune lies in the sovereign's excessive killing.

京氏《易傳》曰：“日蝕，赤質青黑漸之者，為三公誅眾失理，民亦持兵去，順受命，徵無道（闕××××××××）黑而貫其中，臣欲殺其君；不改，期在九年，必殺矣。”京房《易傳》曰：“臣有伏兵，將欲殺其君者，日變白；咎十日而去，則日蝕矣。白青者弱，赤者無知也；強臣所緣上下必由此矣。黃赤者，非臣所緣為也。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: When an eclipse occurs, if the sun appears red and is gradually stained by dark black clouds, it indicates that the three high officials are unjustly punishing the people, and the common people will take up arms and leave, following the mandate of heaven to attack the tyrant. The original text here is missing eight characters. If the dark clouds pass through the sun, it indicates that a minister intends to kill the sovereign. If he does not repent, the event will occur within nine years, and he will certainly succeed in assassinating the sovereign. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: When a minister has hidden troops and is about to kill the sovereign, the sun will turn white. If this omen lasts more than ten days without disappearing, an eclipse will occur. If the sun appears white or blue, it indicates a weak sovereign; if it appears red, it indicates a foolish and ignorant sovereign. Strong ministers can then connect with both inside and outside, and collude between upper and lower ranks, which will certainly result from this. As for when the sun appears yellowish-red, it is not something that ministers can take advantage of to cause trouble.

京氏曰：“日蝕，日光明，先青赤白黑而蝕，蝕黑貫白中，日明；此聖德之臣，行兵誅伐小人左右不義之臣，擅誅小人，天子所謂無命而征，與弒君同之蝕也；後五年殺。”京氏《易傳》曰：“酒無節，茲謂荒厥；蝕乍青、乍黑、乍赤、乍白。”京氏曰：“日青並蝕，惟命是爭，誅。”京氏曰：“日赤並蝕、自殺。”京氏曰：“日黃並蝕，其下得土。”

Jing Fang said: When the sun is eclipsed, the sunlight is originally bright. First it turns through several colors, such as blue, red, white, and black, then the eclipse occurs. The place where the sun is eaten has black vapor passing through the white, yet the sun itself remains bright. This indicates that a virtuous minister goes to war to punish the petty men and unrighteous ministers in the court. If he acts without the king's orders, it is considered as if he were waging war without the king's command, and it is as serious as弑君. Therefore, there is such an eclipse. After five years, he will be killed. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: Drinking without restraint is called the fault of excess and indulgence. During an eclipse, the colors of the sun will suddenly turn blue, black, red, and white. Jing Fang said: If the sun turns blue and is eclipsed at the same time, it indicates that the ministers below are competing for the authority of the ruler and will be punished. Jing Fang said: If the sun turns red and is eclipsed at the same time, it indicates that someone will commit suicide. Jing Fang said: If the sun turns yellow and is eclipsed at the same time, it indicates that the territory under its region will be obtained.

京氏曰：“日赤並蝕、自殺。”京氏曰：“日黃並蝕，其下得土。”京氏曰：“日黑並蝕、自殺。”《易傳》曰：“諸侯逆叛，更立法度，則蝕；失光蒤蒤，月形見也。”

Jing Fang, a Yixiaologist of the Western Han dynasty, said: When the Sun first shows a red color and then an eclipse occurs, it indicates that someone will commit suicide. Jing Fang also said: When the Sun first shows a yellow color and then an eclipse occurs, the region under the Sun's illumination will gain new territory. Jing Fang further said: When the Sun first shows a black color and then an eclipse occurs, it indicates that someone will commit suicide. The "Yixuan" (here referring to divination texts attributed to Jing Fang's school) says: If princes rebel and establish their own laws and regulations, Heaven will warn them through an eclipse. At this time, the sunlight is dim and unclear, with the moon's outline faintly visible covering the Sun.

京房《妖占》曰：“以甲乙有二珥而蝕，東西南北有白雲沖之，天下有兵。”京氏曰：“日以甲乙有四珥而蝕，有白雲沖出四角，青雲交貫中央，天下有兵。”京氏《妖占》曰：“日以丙丁二珥而蝕，有黑雲沖出東南西北，天下有兵。”京氏《妖占》曰：“日以丙丁有四珥而蝕，下有黑雲沖出，天下有大水。”

Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On Jia day and Yi day, the Star of brightness and prestige has two ear-shaped short lights on both sides, which are called "Er," and at the same time a solar eclipse occurs, with white clouds rising straight towards the sun from the east, west, south, and north, indicating that military conflicts will arise throughout the realm. Jing Fang says: On Jia day and Yi day, the Star of brightness and prestige has four "Er" lights around it and a solar eclipse occurs, with white clouds emerging from the four corners, and blue clouds crossing through the center of the sun, indicating that military conflicts will arise throughout the realm. Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On Bing day and Ding day, the Star of brightness and prestige has two "Er" lights on both sides and a solar eclipse occurs, with black clouds emerging from the southeast, northwest, and all four directions, indicating that military conflicts will arise throughout the realm. Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On Bing day and Ding day, the Star of brightness and prestige has four "Er" lights around it and a solar eclipse occurs, with black clouds emerging from below the sun, indicating that a great flood will occur.

京房《妖占》曰：“日以戊己有二珥而蝕，上有青雲沖出東南西北，人主有喪。”京房《妖占》曰：“日以戊己有四珥而蝕，有青雲沖，天下兵行。”京房《妖占》曰：“日以庚辛二珥而蝕從下始，又有赤雲沖出東南西北，三邑兵作。”京氏《易占》曰：“日以庚辛有四珥而蝕從上始，有赤雲出西方，天下有亂王。”

Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On Wu and Ji days, the Star of brightness and prestige has two "er" emerging on both sides and an eclipse occurs, with green clouds spreading out to the four directions of southeast, northwest, and so on, indicating that the ruler's family will have mourning. Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On Wu and Ji days, the Star of brightness and prestige has four "er" surrounding it and an eclipse occurs, with green clouds directly rushing towards the sun, indicating that there will be military movements across the land. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhan" says: On Geng and Xin days, the Star of brightness and prestige has two "er" emerging on both sides, and the eclipse begins from the lower edge of the sun, with red clouds spreading out to the four directions of southeast, northwest, and so on, indicating that three cities will simultaneously rise in rebellion. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhan" says: On Geng and Xin days, the Star of brightness and prestige has four "er" surrounding it, and the eclipse begins from the upper edge of the sun, with red clouds appearing in the west, indicating that there will be a person who rebels and claims kingship across the land.

京氏《妖占》曰：“日以庚辛有四珥而蝕從上始，有赤雲出西方，天下有亂王。”京氏《妖占》曰：“日以壬癸四珥而蝕，有黃雲沖出，天子亡。”京氏曰：“日四珥，蝕從上而下，天子起兵；從下面上，天子有大喪。”京氏曰：“日以春二珥而蝕從下始，大半邑有死主。”京房《妖占》曰：“日以春三珥而蝕從上始，大半天下邑有小兵，重以喪。”京氏《妖占》曰：“日以春四珥而蝕從下始，大半天下凶。”

Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On days of Geng and Xin, the Sun has four "er" formations around it, and an eclipse begins from the upper edge of the Sun's disk, with red clouds appearing in the west, indicating that there will be a person who rebels and claims kingship. (This passage is identical to the previous one; the original text includes both "Yi Zhan" and "Yao Zhan" sources, hence the repetition.) Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: On days of Ren and Gui, the Sun has four "er" formations around it and an eclipse occurs, with yellow clouds emerging, indicating the death of the Son of Heaven. Jing Fang says: When the Sun has four "er" formations around it and an eclipse begins from the upper edge of the Sun's disk, it indicates the Son of Heaven will mobilize troops; if the eclipse begins from the lower edge and moves upward, it indicates a great mourning in the royal family. Jing Fang says: In spring, when the Sun has two "er" formations on either side, and an eclipse begins from the lower edge, it indicates that half of the cities will lose their rulers. Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: In spring, when the Sun has three "er" formations around it, and an eclipse begins from the upper edge, it indicates that half of the cities across the land will experience minor military conflicts, accompanied by mourning. Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: In spring, when the Sun has four "er" formations around it, and an eclipse begins from the lower edge, it indicates that half of the land will suffer from calamity.

《河圖》曰：“日蝕，而交暈貫日中；兩軍爭，後者勝，將死之。”《荊州占》曰：“日蝕，其所從為側，日蝕從中起而暈，其分必亡國。”京氏《妖占》曰：“日以春暈，三珥，而蝕從上始，天下有兵。”京氏《妖占》曰：“日以春暈，四珥，而蝕從下始，天下有大喪。”

The Yellow River Chart says: When an eclipse occurs, if there are two layers of halos crossing through the sun's disk, it indicates two armies fighting, with the one that attacks first losing and the one that attacks later winning. The Jingzhou Divination says: To predict an eclipse, observe which side it begins to wane from; that side corresponds to the affected direction. If the eclipse starts from the center of the sun's disk and is surrounded by halos, the corresponding region will surely suffer a national collapse. Jing Fang's Divination of Portents says: If in spring the sun produces a halo and has three 'ears', and the eclipse begins from the upper edge, it indicates that the whole world will have military conflicts. Jing Fang's Divination of Portents says: If in spring the sun produces a halo and has four 'ears', and the eclipse begins from the lower edge, it indicates that the whole world will experience great mourning.

《洛書》曰：“日蝕，下有氣如彗星，諸侯失國，天子有憂，不改，不出十二年。”甘氏曰：“日蝕，有如虹在日上者，比近臣謀上，政不明不能見，不出五年。”京氏曰：“日蝕，轉為五色而蝕，白虹見日傍，光掩掩；此嫡讓庶之蝕也，後三年尊坐無處。”

The Luo Writing says: When an eclipse occurs, a cloud beneath the sun takes the shape of a comet with a long tail, indicating that the feudal lords will lose their states and the Son of Heaven will have worries in his heart; if they do not change their ways and reform their governance, the fulfillment of this omen will not occur within twelve years. Gan De, a celestial observer from the State of Qi during the Warring States period, said: When an eclipse occurs, a rainbow-like cloud appears above the sun, which is a sign that a close minister is forming factions to plot against the sovereign. The ruler's affairs will be obscured and he will not perceive this conspiracy; the fulfillment of this omen will not occur within five years. Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, the sun successively displays five colors—blue, red, yellow, white, and black—before being eclipsed, with a white rainbow appearing beside the sun, and the sunlight fluctuating between brightness and darkness. This is an eclipse indicating that the legitimate son is forced to yield the throne to a庶son. Three years later, the person sitting in the position of honor will have nowhere to take refuge.

京氏曰：“日蝕，有雲如坐人於上者，主安居、下臣安。”《洛書》曰：“日蝕，有黃雲，中有伏龍，周室以興，文王受命。”《洛書》曰：“日蝕，而傍有白虎守之，大臣謀死其君，主不出三月；一曰三年。”

Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, a cloud appears above the sun, shaped like a person sitting upright, indicating the sovereign remains in his position and the ministers below each hold their proper roles. The Luo Writing says: When an eclipse occurs, yellow clouds appear, with a coiled dragon shape hidden within them, which is a good omen that the Zhou dynasty will rise and King Wen of Zhou will receive the Mandate of Heaven. The Luo Writing also says: When an eclipse occurs, a cloud shaped like a White Tiger appears beside the sun, indicating ministers plotting to kill their sovereign; this omen will come to pass within three months; another account says within three years.

石氏曰：“日蝕、如白虎守日者，人君九族有伏，謀亂君政以自成；不救，不出五年，當有謀臣。”甘氏曰：“日蝕，有如白兔守日者，民當謀舉兵，威亂三州；其先見變不改，不出其年，兵行。”京氏曰：“日蝕，有如兔守日，政令不由君；或君不用賢，澤不下施；則高岸為谷，深谷為陵；發於沖。”

The astronomer Shi Shen of the State of Wei in the Warring States period said: When an eclipse occurs, if there is a form resembling a White Tiger's aura surrounding the sun, it indicates that there is a hidden danger within the ruler's nine clans, and someone is plotting to disrupt the state's governance for their own benefit. If no measures are taken to appease the heavens and reform governance, the event of a minister plotting against the state will occur within no more than five years. Gan De said: When an eclipse occurs, if there is a form resembling a rabbit's aura surrounding the sun, it signifies that the people will plot to raise an army, causing disturbances in three states. If such an omen was previously observed but no changes were made, then warfare will occur within the same year. Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, if there is a form resembling a rabbit's aura surrounding the sun, it indicates that the ruler's decrees are not issued by the ruler himself; or that the ruler refuses to appoint virtuous officials, and his grace does not reach the people. Thus, high cliffs will collapse into deep valleys, and deep valleys will become hills, causing the heavens and earth to change their forms. The fulfillment of this omen will occur in the direction directly opposite to where the eclipse is observed.

石氏曰：“日蝕，有兔守之，民為亂，臣逆者；不出其年分，兵起。”甘氏曰：“日蝕，有如君鳥；《太公兵法》曰：‘兩鳥夾日，名為天雞守日，人君妻家謀奪君處，先數視君動靜，欲行其志；天先見變，戒之。’”《天鏡》曰：“日蝕，有鳥夾之，君當司謀防之急。”

Shi Shen said: When an eclipse occurs, if there is a rabbit-shaped vapor guarding the sun, it indicates that the common people will rebel and ministers will betray the ruler; it will not occur within this year or within this region, and war will break out. Gan De said: When an eclipse occurs, if there is a large bird-shaped vapor appearing; The "Tao Gong Bing Fa" says: "Two clusters of bird-shaped clouds appear on both sides of the sun, this is called 'Tian Ji Shou Ri', indicating that the ruler's wife's family plots to seize the throne. They first repeatedly observe the ruler's movements, intending to realize their ambitions; Heaven reveals this anomaly in advance, to warn the ruler to be cautious." The "Tian Jing" says: When an eclipse occurs, if there are bird-shaped vapors on both sides of the sun, the ruler should quickly detect this conspiracy and take precautions.

京房《易傳》曰：“內臣外向，茲謂背厥蝕；蝕已巳且而地中鳴。”京氏曰：“日蝕盛中時，黑乃之從內（闕××××××）地中鳴；此京師諸侯叛，群下與外土諸侯交，亂法度之蝕；後人君亡國，臣伏其殃。”京氏曰：“日蝕，先地中鳴乃蝕，蝕左右居雲中，四方無雲，先大風三日；此宰相專，公謀反之蝕也。後三年，邪人謀反。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: ministers within the court have their hearts turned toward the outer vassals, which is called "back," thus causing an eclipse of the sun; after the eclipse, soon there will be a sound coming from beneath the earth. Jing Fang says: when the sun is eclipsed at noon when the sunlight is at its strongest, the black shadow arises from within the sun's disk (the original text here is missing six characters), and a sound comes from beneath the earth; this is an eclipse caused by the vassals in the capital plotting rebellion, the ministers below conspiring with the vassals outside, and disturbing the state's laws and regulations; after this, the king will lose the state, and the ministers will also suffer this calamity. Jing Fang says: when the sun is eclipsed, first there is a sound from beneath the earth, then the eclipse occurs, and the left and right sides of the eclipse are covered by clouds, while the four directions have no clouds, and three days before the eclipse there was a strong wind; this is an eclipse caused by the chancellor wielding exclusive power and the Three Dukes plotting rebellion. Three years later, the wicked people will plot rebellion.

京房《易傳》：“臣欲居主位，茲謂不和，厥蝕白青，四方赤，巳蝕地震。”京房《易傳》曰：“人君荒酒無節，則日蝕乍青、乍黑、乍赤，明日大雨，發蒙而寒；地震動，宮中有水。”京氏曰：“日蝕，後氛氛不解，地必震，不過旬中。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: When a subject desires to take the position of the sovereign, this is called "inharmony," and the omen is that during an eclipse, the sunlight turns white and blue, and the sky around the horizon turns red. After the eclipse, an earthquake follows. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: When the sovereign becomes addicted to drinking and has no restraint, it will bring about an eclipse. The sunlight alternates between blue, black, and red. On the next day, there is heavy rain, followed by misty weather and a sudden cold, while the earth shakes and water enters the palace. Jing Fang says: If after an eclipse, the gloomy weather does not dissipate, there will certainly be an earthquake, no more than ten days later.

京氏曰：“諸侯更制，茲謂叛；厥蝕三蝕三復，巳而風，地動。”京氏曰：“專制之蝕，光散左右，寇，三蝕三復，巳而風，明日地必動，是謂諸侯傳制之變也；後九年，殺。”京氏曰：“日蝕，地震；一日震裂，日白若中分，日（闕×××）然見而寒乃蝕；左右發四正，此方伯徵誅過職，威權上侵之蝕，二年殺。”

Jing Fang said: When the feudal lords擅自 alter the court's system, this is called 'rebellion'; its verification is that the sun wanes three times and then regains its brightness three times, after the eclipse there is wind, followed by an earthquake. Jing Fang said: For an eclipse caused by exclusive power and usurpation, the sunlight spreads out to the left and right, indicating there will be bandits and chaos. The sun wanes three times and then regains its brightness three times, after the eclipse there is wind, and on the next day there will certainly be an earthquake, this is called the variation of feudal lords secretly spreading orders; nine years later, there will be a calamity of killing. Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs along with an earthquake; one day the earth cracks open, the sunlight turns white, as if split in two down the middle, the sun (the original text is missing three characters) suddenly appears and the weather turns cold, then the eclipse occurs; the sun's light spreads out to the four cardinal directions of southeast, northwest, this is the eclipse caused by the feudal lords of the rank of the regional governors exceeding their authority and infringing upon the sovereign's authority, within two years there will be a calamity of killing.

京房《易傳》曰：“同姓上侵，茲謂誣君厥蝕；四方有雲，中央無雲，其日大風。”京氏曰：“親伐之蝕，日體而寒時明，是不和，自舉兵。”京氏曰：“日蝕其質黃者，陽覺悟也；寒後九十日，必有誅者。”京氏曰：“日食巳而寒，飢，陰疾，多喪。”

Jing Fang's commentary on the Book of Changes says: when a relative of the same surname, a minister of the royal family, violates the sovereign, this is called "wu jun" (false accusation against the sovereign), and this leads to an eclipse of the sun. The omen is that there are clouds around, but the center of the sun is clear and cloudless, and there is also a strong wind on that day. Jing Fang says: an eclipse caused by conflict among relatives indicates that the sun's light is cold and appears bright and dark alternately, which is an omen of discord among close relatives, leading to military action by the relatives themselves. Jing Fang says: when the sun is eclipsed and the sun's true color turns yellow, it indicates that the yang energy can still awaken itself; after the weather turns cold, ninety days later, there will certainly be someone executed. Jing Fang says: after the sun is eclipsed and the weather turns cold, it indicates famine and the prevalence of damp diseases, with many deaths and funerals.

京氏曰：“日大寒，飢病非一處，蝕陽下平旦，蝕發於（闕××）對蝕從外，後中國，大飢；盜賊群君，夷狄動心，後九年諸侯亂。（闕×××）京氏曰：“日蝕，白氣先出，半天乃蝕，五色至大寒，黑貫日，有旋風，（闕××××××××××××××××××）

Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, the weather becomes unusually cold, and famine and plague do not occur in only one place; the eclipse begins at the lower edge of the sun, which belongs to yang, and occurs at the time of pingdang, when the sky is just beginning to brighten. The eclipse appears at the position of (the original text is missing two characters here), and the opposite direction begins to be eroded from the outer edge. After this, there was a great famine in the central plains; bandits gathered and elected a leader, and the surrounding barbarian tribes also developed covetous intentions. Nine years later, the feudal lords rebelled. (The original text is missing three characters here.) Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, white clouds first rise, spreading across half the sky before the eclipse begins. The sun displays five colors, and the weather becomes extremely cold. There is also black mist crossing the sun, and whirlwinds arise, (the original text is missing eighteen characters here).

京氏曰：“日食先炎風三日，乃食；蝕左右四方並有雲，濁，中央無雲，其日大寒，發於風；此同姓諸侯侵蝕也，後九年，殺。”京氏《易傳》曰：“宰相大臣，因專權日蝕，先大風，日食時，日居雲中，四方無雲也。（闕××××××）京氏曰：“日食，焱風雨七日，折木乃蝕既，此臣剝其君之蝕也；五年，五穀化為蟲。”

Jing Fang said: Before an eclipse occurs, there are three days of hot winds, then the eclipse happens; during the eclipse, the sun's left and right and all four directions have clouds, the clouds are turbid, but there are no clouds in the center, and that day is extremely cold, which corresponds to the wind; this is an eclipse caused by a same-surname feudal lord encroaching upon the king's authority, and after nine years there will be killings. Jing Fang's "Yi Transmission" says: ministers and high officials who seize power will bring about an eclipse; before the eclipse, there is a strong wind, and during the eclipse, the sun is in the clouds, but the four directions have no clouds. (The original text here is missing six characters.) Jing Fang said: Before an eclipse, there is a storm with strong winds and heavy rain for seven consecutive days, breaking trees, then a total solar eclipse occurs; this is an eclipse caused by a minister seizing the power of his sovereign; within five years, all five grains will be infested and destroyed.

京氏曰：“日蝕、為亂、為兵；巳蝕而風，是謂兵起；已蝕而雨，是為分殃；已蝕而霧，群豪聚；已蝕而飛烏不復其鄉。”京氏曰：“君疾善下謀下，茲謂亂；厥蝕既、先雨雹、殺走獸；赤質黃貫其中，此君不肯用賢，而任小人政教，君必逐。”京氏曰：“縱慾，茲謂不明，厥蝕先大雨三日，雨降而寒，既蝕。”京氏曰：“日蝕而雷，國亡。”

Jing Fang said: solar eclipses indicate calamity and warfare; if wind arises after the eclipse, this is called warfare breaking out; if rain follows the eclipse, this signifies calamity spreading throughout the land; if mist arises after the eclipse, this indicates powerful men gathering in groups; if flying birds do not return to their old nests after the eclipse, this is a sign of disorder. Jing Fang said: when the ruler dislikes virtuous men and favors scheming ministers, this is called 'chaos'; its verification is a total solar eclipse, preceded by falling hail and killing wild animals; the sun's natural red color is overshadowed by a yellow cloud crossing the center, which signifies the ruler refusing to employ virtuous men and entrusting government affairs to petty men, and the ruler will surely be expelled. Jing Fang said: when thunder occurs during a solar eclipse, this indicates the state's downfall.

京氏曰：“日蝕，星墜復上，此賦銂重數，下竭之蝕；九年殺。（闕×××××××××××）京房《易傳》曰：“人君貪殘重賦，日蝕而星墜前而下也。”

Jing Fang said: When an eclipse occurs, if a star falls down and then rises again, this is caused by heavy taxation, repeated levies, and exhausting the people's strength; there will be calamity involving killings within nine years. (The original text here is missing eleven characters.) Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: If a ruler is greedy and cruel, and imposes heavy levies, an eclipse will occur, and a star will fall before the sun and descend.

韋昭《洞紀》曰：“周（闕×××）年日蝕盡晦（闕××××）年星又晝見（闕×××）年周貞定王崩，哀王時為太子，立三月，為弟叔殺之。叔自立為思王，五月後少為弟嵬復弒之，嵬立，是為考王。”

Wei Zhao, a historian of the Wu state during the Three Kingdoms period, wrote in "Dong Ji" that during the Zhou dynasty, in a certain year there was an eclipse of the sun, with the sunlight completely swallowed up and the sky darkened as if it were night; in another year, a star appeared during the day; in another year, King Zhending of Zhou died, and Prince Ai was the crown prince at that time. He ascended the throne only three months before being killed by his younger brother Shu. Shu then established himself as King Sisi, but only five months later he was killed by his younger brother Wei. Wei then took the throne, which became King Kaowang of Zhou.

《洛書》曰：“日月俱蝕，有亡國；月先即陰國當之，日先即陽國當之，蝕陽男主受之；蝕陰女主受之。”魏氏曰：“日月俱蝕，國亡一月；三蝕，主亡。”

The Luo Writing says: When the sun and moon are simultaneously eclipsed, it indicates the downfall of a state. If the moon is eclipsed first, it is the state associated with yin that will suffer; if the sun is eclipsed first, it is the state associated with yang that will suffer. If the eclipse occurs on the yang side of the sun, it will be the male ruler who suffers; if it occurs on the yin side of the sun, it will be the female ruler who suffers. The Wei school (referring to star diviners of the Cao Wei dynasty) says: When the sun and moon are simultaneously eclipsed, a state will fall within a month. If there are three consecutive eclipses, the ruler will die.

《春秋左氏傳》曰：魯昭公二十一年秋七月壬午朔，日有蝕之，公問梓慎曰：“是何物也？禍福何也？”對曰：“二至二分，日有蝕之，不為災。日月之行也，分同道也，至相過也，其他月則為災，陽不克也；故常為水。”

The Spring and Autumn Annals: Left Transmission records that on the ninth day of the seventh month in the twenty-first year of Duke Zhao of Lu, which was a new moon day, an eclipse of the sun occurred. Duke Zhao asked the scholar Zizhen, "What does this omen signify? Does it indicate misfortune or blessing?" Zizhen replied, "An eclipse occurring during the solstices or equinoxes is not considered an omen of calamity. This is because during the equinoxes, the sun and moon are aligned along the same path, and during the solstices, they pass each other. If an eclipse occurs in any other month, it is considered an omen of disaster, indicating that the yang energy is unable to overcome the yin energy, and it often results in floods."

甘氏曰：“日者，人主之象，故王者服道：不道施德；不德日為之變。見道不明，德薄日為之無光，無德日乃盡蝕”“春蝕，大凶；又曰：國有女喪；夏蝕無年，又曰諸候王多死者；秋蝕，有兵戰勝；又曰主死，冬蝕有喪；一曰相死。”

Gan De said: The Sun represents the sovereign, so the ruler should abide by the heavenly way. If he does not conform to the way, he should quickly implement virtue. If he does not cultivate virtue, the Sun will show anomalies. If he does not understand the way and has shallow virtue, the Sun will lose its brightness. If he has no virtue at all, the Sun will be entirely devoured. He also said: If an eclipse occurs in spring, it is a great calamity; another interpretation says there is mourning for a woman in the country. If an eclipse occurs in summer, there will be no harvest for the whole year; another interpretation says many princes and kings will die. If an eclipse occurs in autumn, there will be military action but victory will be achieved; another interpretation says the sovereign will die. If an eclipse occurs in winter, there will be mourning; another interpretation says the prime minister will die.

甘氏曰：“春丙丁，夏庚辛，秋壬癸，冬甲乙日蝕者，皆相死；諸蝕三日，有雨解之。”甘氏曰：“春以庚辛，夏壬癸，秋丙丁，冬戊己日蝕，皆臣弒君也；一曰：以德令除咎。”京氏曰：“日冬蝕，相死；不即有逐。”《荊州占》曰：“日夏蝕，陽為南國，陰為北國，是為禍國。”

Gan De said: On days of Bing and Ding in spring, on days of Geng and Xin in summer, on days of Ren and Gui in autumn, and on days of Jia and Yi in winter, if an eclipse occurs, it indicates the death of the prime minister; in all such cases, if it rains within three days, the calamity can be averted. Gan De also said: On days of Geng and Xin in spring, on days of Ren and Gui in summer, on days of Bing and Ding in autumn, and on days of Wu and Ji in winter, if an eclipse occurs, it indicates that ministers will kill the sovereign; another interpretation suggests that the calamity can be eliminated by issuing edicts promoting virtue. Jing Fang said: If an eclipse occurs in winter, it indicates the death of the prime minister; otherwise, someone will be exiled. The "Jingzhou Divination" said: If an eclipse occurs in summer, the yang position of the sun corresponds to the southern state, and the yin position corresponds to the northern state, which is an omen of calamity for the country.