A guest star invades the heavenly temple, seventeen times.

甘氏曰：“客星犯守天廟，軍道不通；一曰：有兵；又曰：馬多死。”甘氏曰：“客星中犯乘守天廟，有白衣之會。”《荊州占》曰：“客星中犯乘守天廟，祠官有憂。”

The Gan school says: A guest star conflicting with and staying at the 'Heavenly Temple' indicates that the roads for military movements are blocked; another interpretation suggests there will be military affairs; yet another says that many horses will die. The Heavenly Temple consists of fourteen stars located south of the Zhang Xu mansion, symbolizing the emperor's ancestral temple. The Gan school also says: If a guest star passes through, conflicts with, dominates, or stays at the Heavenly Temple, there will be gatherings of people wearing white clothes due to mourning. The "Jingzhou Divination" says: If a guest star passes through, conflicts with, dominates, or stays at the Heavenly Temple, the officials in charge of worship will face calamity.

甘氏曰：“客星入東甌，其王且操金玉來下中國。”

The Gan school says: If a guest star enters the 'Dong Ou' region, the king of that place will soon bring gold and jade treasures to submit to the Central Plains. The five stars of Dong Ou are located south of the Wings mansion, which corresponds to the southeastern Dong Ou country, matching the area of Minyue. Therefore, its divination verses often speak of foreign states presenting tribute.

郄萌曰：“客星出入天相，天子變更其令。”

Xie Meng said: The guest star appears and disappears in the "Heavenly Minister" position, indicating the emperor should change his decrees. The Three Stars of Heavenly Minister are the positions of the prime ministers, assisting the emperor in issuing commands; when the prime minister's star has a guest star passing through, the court's edicts will change accordingly.

郄萌曰：“赤星入長垣，胡人大凶。”

Xie Meng said: A red star entering "Chang Yuan" indicates great misfortune for the Hu people. The four stars of Chang Yuan are located to the southwest of Shao Wei, forming a long wall, which serves as a boundary and a barrier against external invaders, specifically governing matters related to the Hu people's border affairs.

《荊州占》曰：“客星犯軍門，軍道大通。”

The *Jingzhou Divination* says: If a guest star confronts the "military gate," the path for military movement becomes very smooth. The two military gate stars are the gates of the military camp, governing the orders for entry and exit. This divination differs from other entries, interpreting the confrontation of a guest star as a sign of the road being open.

郄萌曰：“有星入陽門，五兵藏。”

Xie Meng said: There is a star entering the "Yang Gate," and all five kinds of weapons should be stored away. The two stars of the Yang Gate are located in the northeast of Kulu, serving as the gatekeeping passageway; storing weapons away signifies the cessation of warfare. The so-called five weapons refer to weapons such as the ge, shu, ji, qiumo, and yimo.

《荊州占》曰：“客星守鉤星，地動。”

The "Jingzhou Divination" says: When the guest star stays at the "hook star," the earth will tremble. The hook star is shaped like a curved hook, symbolizing connection and binding; when the star of binding is occupied by the guest star, the earth's meridians lose their firmness, hence an earthquake occurs.

《荊州占》曰：“客星守天桴，度數改，漏刻失時。”

The "Jingzhou Divination" says: When the guest star halts at "Tian Fu," the degrees in the calendar system must be revised, and the water clock's measuring arrows will be inaccurate. The four stars of Tian Fu lie east of He Gu, and Fu refers to the drumstick used for striking the drum, which governs the timing of the drum beats. Therefore, when Tian Fu changes, the human world's time and seasonal cycles become disordered.

《荊州占》曰：“客星守天淵，天下水出，地動，若海魚出；一曰：守三淵，水與城等。”

The *Jingzhou Divination* says: If the guest star stops at "Tianyuan," there will be great flooding throughout the land, earthquakes, or fish from the sea rising to the surface; another interpretation says if the guest star stops at three Tianyuan stars, the water level will rise as high as city walls. The ten stars of Tianyuan are located to the southeast of the鳖 star, representing a heavenly deep pool, which oversees irrigation channels, hence its divination is specifically about water.

郄萌曰：“客星入天壘城，北夷王且操奇馬進中國。”

Xie Meng said: A guest star entering the "Tian Lei Cheng" indicates that the king of the northern夷 tribes will soon bring a rare and fine horse of a different breed to present to the Central Plains. The thirteen stars of Tian Lei Cheng lie south of Xu Su and Wei Su, symbolizing the fortresses of northern tribes such as the Ding Ling and Xiongnu. Therefore, its divination verses often relate to the allegiance or opposition of the northern barbarians.

《黃帝占》曰：“客星入鈇鑕，外兵擒殺其將，士卒亂傷，外國來降。”郄萌曰：“有星入鈇鑕，諸侯有來獻地者；出鈇鑕，則獻地諸侯。色青，皆以憂；赤，皆以兵；黃，皆以好。”

The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: If a guest star enters the position of 'Fu Zhi', armies from outside will capture their generals, soldiers will suffer casualties in confusion, and foreign states will come to surrender. Fu Zhi refers to the axe and the chopping block used for beheading. This star specifically governs executions. Xie Meng says: If a star enters Fu Zhi, there will be vassal states offering land to the court; if the star leaves Fu Zhi, the court will grant land to the vassals. If the star is green, it indicates trouble; if it is red, it indicates military conflict; if it is yellow, it indicates friendly relations.

郄萌曰：“客星入鈇鑕星，鈇鑕用，以日占其國。”郄萌曰：“客星中犯棄鈇鑕，皆為兵將憂。”

Xie Meng said: The guest star enters the star of the axe and the chopping block, indicating the use of the punishment of beheading. Determine the country where this occurs based on the stem and branch of the day the guest star enters. Xie Meng said: When the guest star passes through and violates, then abandons it, this indicates that generals leading troops will face calamity.

《黃帝占》曰：“有大星入天廄，馬有驚。”郄萌曰：“客星入天廄，不滿三日，馬為之賤。”郄萌曰：“有星入天廄，廄車出行。”

The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: If a large star enters the 'Heavenly Stables,' horses will be startled. The Heavenly Stables consist of ten stars and oversee the emperor's carriages and stables. All matters concerning horses and chariots are symbolized through this constellation. Xie Meng says: If a guest star enters the Heavenly Stables and stays for less than three days, the price of horses will drop. Xie Meng also says: If a star enters the Heavenly Stables, the carriages and horses in the stables will go on a journey.

郄萌曰：“客星入天廄之中，滿三日而去，有救。”《黃帝占》曰：“客星出，若守天廄，有驚戒之事。”

Xie Meng said: A guest star entering the celestial stable will stay for three days before departing, indicating that there is still room for reversal and salvation. The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: If a guest star appears in the celestial stable or remains there, there will be something alarming and requiring vigilance.

《黃帝占》曰：“妖星者，五行之氣，五星之變。如見，其方以為災殃，各以其日五色占知何國，吉凶決矣。以見無道國、失禮邦，為兵、為飢、水、旱、死亡之征也。”

The Huangdi Zhan says: The so-called "妖星" (devil star) is formed by the stagnation of the Five Phases' energies, and is also a result of the abnormality of the five planets. When it appears, the region where it appears will suffer calamity. By referring to the Heavenly Stem and Earthly Branch of the day it appears, and the five colors of green, red, yellow, white, and black, one can determine which country it corresponds to, and thus judge whether the outcome is auspicious or inauspicious. The devil star always appears in a country without virtue and a state that violates propriety, serving as a precursor to military disaster, famine, floods, droughts, and death.

《黃帝占》曰：“凡妖星所出，形狀不同，為殃如一。其出，不過一年，若三年，必有破國、屠城，其君死亡，天下大亂，兵士行，戰死於野，積尸縱橫，餘殃盡為水、旱、兵、飢、疾、疫之殃。”石氏曰：“妖星之狀不相類，其殃一也。其出，不過三月，必有破國亂君，伏死其辜，殃之不盡，當有旱、飢、暴、疾、疫矣。”

The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: Whenever an evil star appears, its shape varies, but the calamity it brings is the same. After its appearance, within a year or three years, there will certainly be a country attacked and broken, cities destroyed and slaughtered, the ruler dying, chaos throughout the land, soldiers marching to battle and dying in the fields, corpses scattered everywhere. The remaining calamities are no more than water floods, droughts, warfare, famine, diseases, and epidemics. The Shi school says: Although the shapes of evil stars differ, the calamities they bring are the same. After their appearance, within three months, there will certainly be a country attacked and broken, the ruler confused and disorderly, dying due to guilt and punishment. If the calamity is not fully released, it will then follow with drought, famine, rebellion, disease, and epidemic.

甘氏曰：“凡妖星出見，長大，災深期遠；短小，災淺期近。三尺至五尺，期百日；五尺至一丈，期一年；一丈至三丈，期三年；三丈至五丈，期五年；五丈至十丈，期七年；十丈以上，期九年。審以察之，其災必應。”

The Gan school says: Whenever an evil star appears, if its form is long and large, the calamity will be severe and the date of its fulfillment will be far off; if its form is short and small, the calamity will be mild and the date of its fulfillment will be near. If it is three to five feet long, the period will be one hundred days; if it is five to ten feet long, the period will be one year; if it is ten to thirty feet long, the period will be three years; if it is thirty to fifty feet long, the period will be five years; if it is fifty to one hundred feet long, the period will be seven years; if it is over one hundred feet long, the period will be nine years. Careful observation and discernment will surely confirm that the calamity will come to pass.

《河圖》曰：“歲星之精，流為天棓。”甘氏曰：“天棓，一名覺星。”甘氏曰：“天棓，本類星，末銳，長四丈。”班固《天文志》曰：“歲星贏而東南。”盂康曰：“歲星見東方，行疾則不見，不見則變為妖星也。”

The Yellow River Chart says: The essence of the star of years spreads out and transforms into "Tian Bang." Bang means a stick, taking its shape as coarse and straight like a staff. The Gan school says: Tian Bang is also called "Jue Star." The Gan school says: The shape of Tian Bang is like a star at its root, sharp at its tip, and its entire length is four zhang. Ban Gu's Han Shu · Tianwen Zhi says: The star of years moves ahead and tends toward the southeast. Meng Kang's commentary says: The star of years should appear in the east, but if it moves too quickly, it becomes invisible; when it is invisible, it transforms into a demon star.

石氏曰：“見彗星。”甘氏曰：“不出三月，乃生彗，本類星，末類彗，長二丈，盈而東北。”

The Shi school says: At this time a comet will be seen. The Gan school says: Within three months, a comet-like tail will appear. Its root is like a single star, and its tip resembles a broom. The entire length is two zhang. It moves ahead and is inclined toward the Northeast.

石氏曰：“見覺星。”甘氏曰：“不出三月，乃生天棓，本類星，末銳，長四丈也。”《春秋緯》曰：“天棓主滅兵。”《春秋潛潭巴》曰：“天棓主奮爭。”（《河圖》曰：分爭。）甘氏曰：“天棓出，其國凶，不可舉事、用兵。又曰：期三月，必有破軍、拔城。”《潛潭巴》曰：“棓槍出仲孟，芒交，若相棓，宰將伐主，天下大亂。”甘氏曰：“天棓出，期三月，必有破軍、拔城，人君伏，死其罪。”甘氏曰：“客天棓見，女主用事，其本者，為主人。”

Shi Shen said: First, one will see a sign called "Jue Star" which is a premonitory gas. Gan De said: From the time this gas is seen, within three months, the "Tian Bang" star, an evil star, will appear. Its root is like a common star, and its tip is sharp, extending four zhang in length. The "Chun Qiu Wei" said: The Tian Bang star signifies the elimination of military calamities. The "Chun Qiu Qian Tan Ba" said: The Tian Bang star signifies fierce conflicts. (Original book note: The "He Tu" here reads "fen zheng".) Gan De said: When the Tian Bang star appears, the country corresponding to it will face danger. It is not advisable to undertake major undertakings or to go to war. He also said: Within three months, there will certainly be the defeat of armies and the capture of cities. The "Qian Tan Ba" said: When the Tian Bang and Tian Qiang stars appear in the middle month and the first month, the two stars' sharp ends intersect, as if striking each other with staffs, which foretells that ministers and generals will rebel against the sovereign, and the world will be in great chaos. Gan De said: When the Tian Bang star appears, within three months, there will certainly be the collapse of armies and the loss of cities, and the sovereign will have to submit and die. Gan De also said: If the "ke Tian Bang" star, an external Tian Bang star, is seen, it signifies a female ruler taking power; if the native Tian Bang star is seen, it signifies the sovereign of the country himself ruling.

《河圖》曰：“歲星之精，流為天槍。”《春秋合誠圖》曰：“天槍主捕制。”《春秋緯》曰：“歲星退而西南，三月生天槍，陽沈變萌，戰亂兵行，諸侯大橫，所見國無用兵。”班固《天文志》曰：“歲星縮而西南。”孟康曰：“歲星當伏西方，行遲早沒，變為妖星也。”

The Yellow River Chart says: When the spirit of Jupiter (anciently called the "Year Star") leaks out and disperses, it transforms into the malevolent star known as "Tian Qiang." The Spring and Autumn Merits Diagram says: Tian Qiang oversees matters of apprehension and punishment. The Spring and Autumn Weave says: When the Year Star moves backward and inclines toward the southwest, after three months, Tian Qiang appears; at this time, the yang energy descends, signs of transformation emerge, wars break out, armies mobilize, and the feudal lords act recklessly. Any country under the illumination of Tian Qiang is unsuitable for military action. Ban Gu's Han Book, Astronomical Records, says: This is "the Year Star retreating toward the southwest," meaning the Year Star's path is insufficient and it is biased toward the southwest. Meng Kang explains: The Year Star should be hidden in the west, but now it moves slowly and sinks too early, thus becoming a malevolent star.

石氏曰：“見攙雲如牛。”甘氏曰：“不出三月，乃生天槍，左右銳長數丈，縮西北。”石氏曰：“見槍雲如馬。”甘氏曰：“不出三月，乃生天槍，本類星，末銳，長丈。”《河圖》曰：“天槍主改修。”甘氏曰：“天槍在西北，本類星，末銳，一丈。”甘氏曰：“天槍見，則女主有用事者，其本為主人。”巫咸曰：“天槍出，國有功。”

Shi Shen said: First see a cloud shape like an ox called "Chan Yun." Gan De said: After seeing this kind of cloud, within three months, a celestial spear will appear. It has sharp ends on both sides and is several zhang long, hidden in the northwest. Shi Shen also said: First see a cloud shape like a horse called "Qiang Yun." Gan De said: After seeing this cloud, within three months, a celestial spear will appear. Its root is like a star, its tip is sharp, and it is about one zhang long. The "He Tu" said: The celestial spear governs matters of change and governance. Gan De also said: When the celestial spear appears in the northwest, its root is like a star, its tip is sharp, and it is one zhang long. Gan De further said: When the celestial spear appears, there will be a female ruler taking power. If the original star is seen, it indicates the national ruler himself will take power. Wu Xian said: When the celestial spear appears, the country will have achievements to accomplish.

班固《天文志》曰：“孝文後二年正月壬寅，天槍夕出西南。占曰：為兵、喪、亂。其六年十一月，匈奴入上郡雲中，漢起三軍，以衛京師。”（按劉向《洪範》曰：文帝崩，吳楚七國反者也。）郄萌曰：“歲星與日月同宿，八十日（闕）天槍出婺女，至胃，為天槍。”

Ban Gu's "Book of Han: Astronomical Records" states that on the day of Renyin in the second year of Emperor Wen's Houxuan period, the celestial spear appeared in the southwest in the evening. The divination text says this indicates military disaster, funerals, and chaos. In the eleventh month of the sixth year of Houxuan, the Xiongnu invaded Shangjun and Yunzhong Commandery, and the Han court mobilized three armies to defend the capital. (Original note: According to Liu Xiang's "Hongfan Wuxing Zhuan," after Emperor Wen's death, the seven states of Wu and Chu rebelled again.) Xie Meng says: When the planet Jupiter is in the same mansion as the Star of Brightness and Prestige and the moon, for eighty days, the celestial spear appears from the Girl mansion and extends to the Stomach mansion, which is called the celestial spear.

《河圖》曰：“歲星之精，流為天猾。”《河圖》曰：“”《春秋緯》曰：“天猾主招亂者。”《春秋緯》曰：“人主自恣，不備古王，逆天暴物，則天猾起，如眾馬，斗於邦，地躍瓊，曰反光。”

The Yellow River Chart says: the vital energy of the star of years spreads out and transforms into the evil star called "Heavenly Trickster." The Yellow River Chart also has another citation (the original text here is missing, only the name of the cited work remains, and the divination text is lost). The Spring and Autumn Brocade says: the Heavenly Trickster is in charge of summoning rebels. The Spring and Autumn Brocade also says: when a ruler indulges in excess and does not follow the ways of ancient sage kings, and violates the heavenly way and oppresses all things, the Heavenly Trickster will arise; its form resembles a group of horses fighting in the sky over the land, and on the ground there is a luminous jade-like light flashing, this phenomenon is called "reflected light."

《河圖》曰：“天沖，歲星之精，流為之。”劉向《洪範》曰：“天沖，其狀如人，蒼衣赤首，不動，其名曰天沖。”《春秋潛潭巴》曰：“天沖主滅位。”《春秋運斗樞》曰：“沖星出，臣謀主，武卒廢，天子亡。”《運斗樞》曰：“天沖抱極泣帝前，血濁霧下天下憲。”（宋均曰：抱，猶向也；極，北辰也；泣，言有淚眾也；帝，大帝，即北辰也。血濁如霧，霧濁如血。）

The Yellow River Chart says: Tian Chong is formed from the refined essence of the year star spreading out. Liu Xiang's "Commentary on the Five Phases in the Book of Documents" says: The form of Tian Chong is like a person, wearing blue clothes and a red head, standing still in the sky, and its name is Tian Chong. "Qiantanba on the Spring and Autumn Annals" says: Tian Chong oversees the destruction of the sovereign's position. "Yun Doushu" says: When Tian Chong appears, there will be ministers plotting against the sovereign, soldiers and troops being discarded, and the Son of Heaven thus perishing. "Yun Doushu" also says: Tian Chong faces the North Pole, weeps before the throne of the celestial emperor, and the turbid blood turns into mist falling down, and the world will then enforce severe laws and punishments. (Original book note: Song Jun explains that "bao" means facing; "ji" refers to the North Star; "qi" means weeping with much tears; "di" refers to the Great Emperor, that is, the North Star. The saying that blood is turbid like mist and mist is turbid like blood means that blood and mist are mixed into one color, indistinguishable from each other.)

《河圖》曰：“歲星之精，流為國皇。”《春秋運斗樞》曰：“機星散為國皇。”巫咸曰：“國皇之星，大而赤，類南極老人星也。”《春秋緯》曰：“國皇主滅奸。”《春秋合誠圖》曰：“國皇主內冠，一曰主內難。”《春秋考異郵》曰：“國皇星見則兵起，天下急。”

The Yellow River Chart says: The essence of the star of years flows and disperses, transforming into the star called "Guo Huang," which is an evil star. The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Movement of the Pole Star says: The essence of the third star of the Big Dipper, Tian Ji (the "machine star"), when dispersed, also transforms into Guo Huang. Wu Xian says: The star Guo Huang is very large and red, appearing very similar to the bright star at the southern low sky, the Southern Pole Star. The Spring and Autumn Comprehensive Diagram says: Guo Huang oversees the removal of villains. The Spring and Autumn Verification and Mail says: When the star Guo Huang appears, military affairs will arise and the world's situation will become critical.

司馬彪《天文志》曰：“孝靈光和中，國皇星見東南角，去地一二丈，如炬火狀，十餘日，不見。占曰：國皇為內亂，外內有兵喪。其後黃巾賊張角燒州郡，朝廷遣將討平，斬首十餘萬級。中平年，宮車晏駕，大將軍何進令司隸校尉袁紹私募兵千餘人，陰射洛陽城外，竊呼幷州牧董卓，使將兵至京都，共誅中官，對戰南北，宮及闕下，死者數千人，燔燒宮室，遷都西京。及司徒王允與將軍呂布誅卓，卓部曲將郭汜、李催提兵攻長安，公卿百官吏民戰死者亦且萬人，天下之亂，皆自內發。”

In the book "Continued Han History: Astronomical Records" by Sima Biao, it is recorded that during the Guanghe period of Emperor Ling of the Han dynasty, the national emperor star appeared in the southeast part of the sky's angle, only one or two zhang above the ground, shaped like a torch. It remained visible for more than ten days before disappearing. The divination text says: the national emperor star indicates internal disorder, and there will be military conflicts and deaths in both the court and the outside. Later, Zhang Jiao, the leader of the Yellow Turban rebels, burned the administrative offices of the states and prefectures. The court sent generals to suppress the rebellion, killing over 100,000 people. In the Zhongping period, Emperor Ling died. General He Jin ordered the Supervisor of the Commandery of the Capital, Yuan Shao, to secretly recruit over a thousand soldiers and secretly stationed them outside the capital Luoyang. He also privately summoned the Governor of Bingzhou, Dong Zhuo, to lead his troops into the capital, to jointly eliminate the eunuchs. The two sides fought between the Northern and Southern Palaces, with thousands of people dying in the palaces and gates, and the palaces burned down. Finally, the capital was moved to the western capital Chang'an. When the Minister of Personnel Wang Yun and General Lu Bu killed Dong Zhuo, Dong Zhuo's subordinates Guo Fan and Li Jue led their troops to attack Chang'an, and nearly ten thousand officials and common people died in the battle. This great chaos across the country was all caused by internal turmoil within the court.

巫咸曰：“國皇星所指，其下起兵，兵強；或曰：其沖不利。”石氏曰：“國皇星入天庫，兵起亡地。”《荊州占》曰：“國皇入紫宮，國有大變，兵起。又曰：人主有憂。”《荊州占》曰：“國皇星入紫宮，兵起，得地。”

Wu Xian said: The direction pointed to by the tip of the Guo Huang star indicates that there will be military action in that area, and the forces will be strong. Another view is that the opposing side is unfavorable. Shi Shen said: When the Guo Huang star enters the Tian Ku star region, there will be military action and loss of territory. The "Jingzhou Divination" says: When the Guo Huang star enters the Zi Wei Palace, the country will face major troubles and military action will arise; it also says that this indicates the ruler will have worries. Another entry in the "Jingzhou Divination" says: When the Guo Huang star enters the Zi Wei Palace, military action will arise, but land can be gained.

《河圖》曰：“歲星之精，流為反登。”《春秋緯》曰：“反登主夷分。”《春秋緯》曰：“皆少陽之精，司徒之類，青龍七宿之域，有謀反，若恣虐為害，主失春政者，以出時沖為期，皆主君征也。”

The Yellow River Chart says: the essence of the star of years flows and disperses, transforming into the evil star called "Fandi." The Spring Annals Commentary says: Fandi governs extermination and division. The Spring Annals Commentary also says: all these evil stars are transformed from the essence of the lesser yang energy, belonging to the duties of the Minister of Works, corresponding to the celestial regions governed by the Azure Dragon's seven constellations in the east. Whenever someone plots rebellion, or indulges in tyranny and harms the people, or the sovereign neglects the political orders to be implemented in spring, such stellar phenomena will appear. The time of verification is calculated based on the direction and season when the star appears, all indicating that the sovereign will launch military campaigns.

《河圖》曰：“熒惑之精，流為析旦。”（或曰：招旦。）《春秋緯》曰：“析旦主弱符。”《春秋緯》曰：“析旦橫出，濁百尺，為相誅滅。”

The Yellow River Chart says: The essence of the Malefic of violence (anciently called "Yinghuo") disperses and transforms into the demon star "Xidàn." (A note from the original text: Another account refers to it as "Zhao Dàn.") The Spring and Autumn Writings say: Xidàn oversees weakening the mandate, which is the foundation of a ruler's heavenly mandate. The Spring and Autumn Writings also say: When Xidàn appears across the sky, its turbid light extends for a hundred feet, indicating that high-ranking ministers will be executed and removed.

《河圖》曰：“熒惑之精，流為蚩尤旗。”（按《皇覽塚墓記》曰：蚩尤塚在東郡壽張縣闕鄉城中，高七丈。民常十月祠之，有赤氣出，如絳帛，民名為蚩尤旗。《述徵記》曰：須昌縣闕鄉有蚩尤冢，或云：上代民以十月旦祠之，輒有赤氣，如一疋絳，謂蚩尤旗也。《漢書》：武帝建元六年、元狩四年，並有長星見。班固《五行志》曰：為蚩尤之旗也。）

The Yellow River Chart says: When the spirit of the planet Mars disperses, it transforms into the "Chiyu Flag," a malevolent star. (Note from the original text: According to the "Huanglan · Zhongmu Ji," Chiyu's tomb is located in the eastern commandery of Shouzhang County, Quexiang City, with a height of seven zhang. The people often worship him in the tenth lunar month, and during the worship, red clouds rise, resembling a deep red silk cloth, so they call it the Chiyu Flag. The "Shuzheng Ji" states that in Quexiang of Xuchang County, there is a tomb of Chiyu. Some people say that in ancient times, the people worshipped him on the first day of the tenth lunar month, and each time, red vapor rose, resembling a piece of dark red cloth, which was called the Chiyu Flag. The "Han Shu" records that in the sixth year of Jianyuan and the fourth year of Youshou of Emperor Wu of Han, there were long stars appearing. Ban Gu's "Han Shu · Wuxing Zhi" states that these were precisely the Chiyu Flag.)

《春秋運斗樞》曰：“旋星散為蚩尤旗。”《說苑》曰：“蚩尤旗，五星盈縮之所生也。”巫咸曰：“蚩尤之旗，類彗而後曲象旗。”夏氏曰：“四望無雲，獨見赤雲，蚩尤旗也。”《荊州占》曰：“蚩尤星如箕，可長二丈，末有星。”《呂氏春秋》曰：“亂國之主，象邪並積，有雲若桓藿，以長，黃上白下，其名曰蚩尤旗。”《春秋緯》曰：“蚩尤旗，誅逆國。”《春秋緯合誠圖》曰：“蚩尤之旗出，平四野。”《河圖提》曰：“帝將怒，則蚩尤旗出。”《論語摘輔象》曰：“虐王反度，則蚩尤旗出。”《洛書》曰：“旗刺旋，主備臣邊，雄侯之賢，主過出，兵馬驚。”

The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Movement of the Stars and the Pole Star says: The essence of the second star of the Big Dipper, Tianxuan (the rotating star), disperses and transforms into Chiyou's banner. The Sayings of the States says: Chiyou's banner is a strange vapor produced when the five planets move ahead or lag behind. Wu Xian says: Chiyou's banner resembles a comet, but its tail is curved, and its shape is like a banner. Xia's commentary says: If you look in all four directions and there is no cloud, but you see a single red cloud, that is Chiyou's banner. The Jingzhou Divination says: The star of Chiyou resembles a winnowing basket, is about two zhang long, and has another star at its end. The Book of Master Lu says: When a ruler is corrupt and the country is in chaos, various evil signs accumulate, and a cloud resembling a tall broad bean leaf appears in the sky, long and trailing, yellow on top and white at the bottom; this is called Chiyou's banner. The Spring and Autumn Waiwen says: Chiyou's banner indicates the punishment of rebellious states. The Spring and Autumn Waiwen: Hecheng Tu says: When Chiyou's banner appears, the four directions will be cleared of disorder. The Yellow River Chart says: When the heavenly emperor is about to be angry, Chiyou's banner will appear. The Analects: Zhai Fuxiang says: When a tyrannical ruler violates the law, Chiyou's banner will appear. The Luo Writing says: The芒刺 of the banner star twists and turns, indicating that one should be cautious of ministers causing disturbances in the border areas; among outstanding men, the virtuous will emerge, the ruler's mistakes will be exposed, and the military will be restless.

《黃帝占》曰：“蚩尤旗，本類星而後委曲，其象旗幡，長可二三丈，見則王者鼓旗，大行征伐，四方兵大起，不然國有大喪，王者亡，期三年，中五年，遠七年。”

The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: The root of the Chiyou Flag resembles a star, with a curved tail following it, forming an overall shape like a banner. Its length is about two or three zhang. When it appears, it indicates that the emperor will beat drums and raise flags, launching a great military campaign, with warfare breaking out in all directions. If not, it signifies that the country will suffer a great calamity and the emperor will soon die. The time of fulfillment is near, within three years; medium, within five years; far, within seven years.

（按《洪範五行傳》曰：武帝建元六年八月，長星出東方，長竟天。占曰：是蚩尤旗，見則王者征伐四方。自是之後，兵討四夷，連二十年。元狩四年四月，長星復出西北，是時擊胡狄。司馬彪《天文志》曰：孝獻初平三年九月，蚩尤旗長十餘丈，色白，出角亢之南，其後丞相曹公征伐天下且三十年。《魏志》曰：高貴卿公正元元年十一月，有白氣出南斗側，廣數丈，長竟天。景王問王肅，肅對曰：蚩尤之旗也，東南其有亂乎。二年正月，毋丘儉等據淮南以叛，大將軍司馬師討平之，自後征淮南，西平巴蜀。是歲吳主孫亮五鳳元年，太平三年，孫琳盛兵圍宮，廢亮為會稽王，孫琳主淮南、江東，同揚州地。故於時變見吳楚之分，則魏之淮南多與吳同災，是以毋丘儉以為已應，遂起兵而敗。三年，即魏甘露二年，諸葛誕又反淮南，吳遣朱異救之，及城陷，誕眾誅滅。《魏氏春秋》曰：正始元年十一月，蚩尤旗見於箕，東吳兵死沒各數萬人，車騎將軍黃權死之兆也。）

According to the commentary in the original text: According to the "Hongan Wuxing Zhuan," in the sixth year of Emperor Wu of Han's Jianyuan era, in August, a long star appeared in the east, stretching across the entire sky; the divination text said this was the Chiyou Flag, and its appearance foretold the emperor's military campaigns in all directions. From then on, the Han dynasty waged wars against the four barbarian tribes for twenty consecutive years. In the fourth year of Yanshou era, in April, the long star again appeared in the northwest, at a time when the Han was attacking the Xiongnu and the Northern Di. The "Xu Han Shu · Tianwen Zhi" by Sima Biao said that in September of the third year of the initial peace of Emperor Xian of Han, the Chiyou Flag was over ten zhang long, white in color, appearing south of the Jia and Kang mansions. After this, the Chancellor Cao Cao waged wars across the land for nearly thirty years. The "Wei Zhi" said that in the first year of Zhengyuan era of the high and noble prince Gaoxiang, in November, there was a white cloud rising from the south star, several zhang wide, stretching across the entire sky; Prince Jing Wang Sima Yi asked Wang Su, who replied that this was the Chiyou Flag, and that there would be disturbances in the southeast. In the following January, the officials Mu Qiuan and others seized control of Huainan and rebelled, and Grand General Sima Yi led an army to suppress the rebellion; after that, the state of Wei launched campaigns against Huainan and Xiping Bashu. This year was the first year of Wufeng era of King Sun Liang of Wu; by the third year of Taiping, Sun Chen encircled the palace and deposed Sun Liang as the King of Kuizhou. The regions of Huainan, Jiangdong controlled by Sun Chen, and the region of Huainan in Wei all belonged to the area of Yangzhou, so the celestial anomalies at that time were manifested in the areas of Wu and Chu, and thus the region of Huainan in Wei also suffered disasters along with Wu. This is why Mu Qiuan thought the celestial phenomenon was related to himself, and thus he raised his army, but ultimately failed. The third year of Taiping was also the second year of Ganlu era of Wei. Zhuge Dan again rebelled in Huainan, and Wu sent Zhu Yi to rescue him; when the city fell, Zhuge Dan and his followers were all executed. The "Wei Shi Chunqiu" said that in November of the first year of Zhengshi era, the Chiyou Flag appeared in the Ji mansion, and afterwards, both Wei and Wu suffered the loss of tens of thousands of soldiers, which was also a premonition of the death of the general Huang Quan.

《黃帝占》曰：“蚩尤旗出北斗，長二三丈，本有星，其上委曲，見則天下亂，大兵起，天子自將兵，旗鼓用，不然國有大喪，期百八十日，中一年，遠三年。”《春秋緯》曰：“蚩尤之旗見，則山崩。”《春秋緯》曰：“蚩尤之旗，五精離芒，天運大兵，垂其彗，後曲而前長，四方並亂，天下滅兵，群猾動，帝坐於堂。見則五寇行，主不正暴，必有反兵，期五年，天子憂，不以亡，則九年凶。加於斗宿，天子囂囂，出於列位，勉正四方。”

The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: The Chiyou Flag appears near the Big Dipper, stretching two or three zhang in length, with a star at its root and a curved end; when it appears, chaos will arise throughout the world, and large-scale warfare will break out, with the Son of Heaven personally leading the army, using drums and banners; if not, it signifies great calamity for the state. The fulfillment of this omen will occur within 180 days, or one year, or three years. The Spring Annals says: When the Chiyou Flag appears, mountains will collapse. The Spring Annals also says: The Chiyou Flag is the sharp point exhaled by the dispersed spirits of the five stars, indicating that heaven is about to initiate a great battle; it trails a comet's tail, with a curved end and a long, slender front. When it appears, chaos will erupt in all directions, and the world will be destroyed by weapons, with wicked people rising up in rebellion, while the Son of Heaven remains seated in his hall. When this omen appears, bandits will run rampant in all five directions, the ruler will be corrupt and cruel, and rebellion is certain, with a term of five years; the Son of Heaven will face troubles, even if the country does not perish, there will still be danger by the ninth year. If this star appears over the Dipper mansion, the Son of Heaven will be anxious and unsettled, and those in the court will strive to correct the four directions.

《春秋緯》曰：“蚩尤伐矜、誅逆、滅患。蚩尤起，天下之兵，合禍紛紛。”《春秋緯潛潭巴》曰：“蚩尤之旗，主伐叛。又曰：主惑亂。”《春秋運斗樞》曰：“蚩尤之旗見，則山崩，后族擅權。”《春秋運斗樞》曰：“蚩尤旗干太微，法式滅，帝死於野。”《春秋緯考異郵》曰：“蚩尤旗見，則王者伐枉逆。”《鉤命決》曰：“旗刺滯，咄咀出，匿謀合。”（旗，蚩尤旗也。）夏氏曰：“蚩尤旗，所見之方，其下有兵，四方盡有，天下有兵。”郄萌曰：“蚩尤旗守軫，赤，哭禮。”《荊州占》曰：“蚩尤旗見，則兵大起，不然有喪。”

The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Writings of the Latitude say: The Chi You flag signifies the suppression of arrogance and self-conceit, the punishment of rebels, and the elimination of calamities. When the Chi You flag appears, military conflicts throughout the world will gather, and disasters will follow one after another. The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Hidden Deep Pool says: The Chi You flag signifies the suppression of rebellion; it also says that it signifies confusion and disorder. The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Movement of the Stars says: When the Chi You flag appears, mountains will collapse, and the maternal relatives and clans will seize power. The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Movement of the Stars also says: When the Chi You flag invades the Taimei constellation, the state's laws and systems will be destroyed, and the emperor will die in the wilderness. The Spring and Autumn Annals: The Examination of the Mail says: When the Chi You flag appears, it signifies the emperor's suppression of the wicked and rebels. The Hooked Decree says: When the star of the flag has a sharp, lingering light, there will be voices of resentment and curses, and secret plots are being formed. (Original book note: Here, the term 'flag' refers to the Chi You flag.) Xia said: When the Chi You flag appears in a certain direction, there will be military conflicts in that area; if it appears in all four directions, then there will be military conflicts throughout the world. Xie Meng said: When the Chi You flag lingers in the Chariot Mansion constellation and appears red, it signifies mourning ceremonies. The Jingzhou Divination says: When the Chi You flag appears, there will be large-scale warfare, or else there will be mourning.

《河圖》曰：“熒惑之精，流為昭明。”（《荊州占》曰：填星之變，為昭明也。）《黃帝占》曰：“昭明者，五星之變，出於西方，名曰昭明，金之氣也。”《春秋合誠圖》曰：“赤彗分為昭明。昭明，滅光也。（宋均曰：滅主之光明也。）象如太白吐芒，故以為起霸之徵，期七年。”《春秋運斗樞》曰：“機星散為昭明。”

The Yellow River Chart says: the spirit of the planet Mars disperses and transforms into the demon star called "Zhao Ming." (Original note: The Jiangzhou Divination says that Zhao Ming is a variation of the planet Saturn, "Tian Xing.") The Yellow Emperor's Divination says: Zhao Ming is formed by the variation of the five planets' energies, appearing in the west, named Zhao Ming, and belonging to the metal energy. The Spring and Autumn Concordant Diagram says: the red comet's energy differentiates into Zhao Ming. The meaning of "Zhao Ming" is to extinguish light. (Original note: Song Jun says it refers to extinguishing the brightness of the sovereign.) Its shape resembles the planet Venus (Tai Bai) spitting out a sharp point, so it is regarded as a sign of a hegemon's rise, with a verification period of seven years. The Spring and Autumn Movement of the Stars says: the spirit of the third star of the Big Dipper, Tian Ji (the "machine star"), disperses and also transforms into Zhao Ming.

《黃帝占》曰：“西方有星，望之，去地可丈，而白有光，其類太白，數動，察之，中赤，是謂西方之野星，名曰昭明，出兵大起，其出也，下有喪；出南，則西方邦失地。”《黃帝占》曰：“昭明星出入畢中，有屠國。”《河圖》曰：“昭明茀心，天子三公，殺主必成。”《洛書兵鈐勢》曰：“昭明見，霸者生。”《春秋運斗樞》曰：“昭明有角，亡征也。”《春秋緯》曰：“昭明改德。”《春秋緯合誠圖》曰：“昭明所起，期七年，天子奪於，州牧去，所出下發。”

The Huangdi Zhàn says: In the western sky there is a star that appears to be about one chi away from the earth, white in color and shining, very similar to the bright star Tai Bai. It flickers frequently, and upon close inspection, its center is red. This is the star of the western wilderness, named Zhao Ming. When it appears, large-scale warfare will arise; in the direction from which it appears, there will be mourning; if it appears to the south, the western states will lose their territory. The Huangdi Zhàn also says: Zhao Ming appears between Bi Xu and has the potential to destroy a country. The He Tu says: If Zhao Ming's comet-like rays sweep over Xin Xu, there will be a change in the relationship between the Son of Heaven and the Three Dukes, and plots to kill the sovereign will certainly succeed. The Luo Shu Bing Qian Shi says: The appearance of Zhao Ming indicates the emergence of a dominant figure. The Chun Qiu Yun Dou Shu says: If Zhao Ming produces a horn-like light, it is a sign of the downfall of a country. The Chun Qiu Wei says: Zhao Ming signifies a change in moral teaching. The Chun Qiu Wei · He Cheng Tu says: Where Zhao Ming appears, the fulfillment of its omen will take seven years, the Son of Heaven's authority will be taken away, the governors of the states will be replaced, and there will be disturbances in the direction from which the star appears.

《春秋緯考異郵》曰：“昭明星見，則國滅，賢主立。”《春秋緯考異郵》曰：“昭明如太白，不行。”《春秋緯潛潭巴》曰：“昭明起有德。”巫咸曰：“昭明所起，國起兵，多變。”巫咸曰：“西方有星，大而白，有角目下視，名曰昭明，金之精，出則兵大起；若守房星，國有大喪，必有屠城；昭明下，則為天狗，所下者大戰流血；星出非其方，有兵，沖則不利，期不出三年。”

The *Spring Annals Wei* (*Chao Yi You*) says: When the star Zhao Ming appears, old states will perish and virtuous rulers will rise. The *Chao Yi You* also says: The appearance of Zhao Ming resembles the star Tai Bai (Venus), but it remains in place without moving. The *Qian Tan Ba* of the *Spring Annals* says: When Zhao Ming rises, a person of virtue will emerge. Wu Xian says: When Zhao Ming appears, the country will have war and frequent calamities. Wu Xian also says: In the west there is a star, large and white, with horns and a glare like an eye looking down, named Zhao Ming, which is the essence of metal; when it appears, large-scale warfare will arise. If it stays in the constellation Fang Xu, the country will suffer great loss and certainly face the destruction of entire cities. When Zhao Ming falls, it becomes the Heavenly Dog; where the Heavenly Dog falls, there will be great battles and rivers of blood. If this star does not appear in its proper position, there will be warfare, and the direction opposite to it will be unfavorable. The fulfillment of these omens will not exceed three years.

郄萌曰：“昭明星見，大人凶。”郄萌曰：“昭明出，兵大起。”郄萌曰：“昭明星守心，大有喪。”郄萌曰：“昭明星見虛中，天下無兵兵起，有兵兵罷，大臣為謀。”《天官書》曰：“昭明大而白，無角，乍上乍下，（孟康曰：形如三足幾，上有九彗上向也。）所出國起兵，多變。”《荊州占》曰：“昭明星出營室中，大臣為亂，無兵兵起，有兵兵罷。”

Xie Meng said: The appearance of the Zhaoming star is unfavorable to those in high positions. Xie Meng also said: When Zhaoming appears, large-scale military actions will arise. Xie Meng further said: If Zhaoming remains in the Heart Mansion, there will be great calamities. Xie Meng also said: If Zhaoming appears in the Emptiness Mansion, those countries that originally had no warfare will start wars, while those that had wars will cease them, and ministers will secretly plot. The "Records of the Grand Historian: Celestial Officials Chapter" says: Zhaoming is bright and white, without a horn-like tip, and moves up and down suddenly. (Original note: Meng Kang said it resembles a small three-legged table with nine comet-like rays pointing upward.) When Zhaoming appears in a country, that country will start wars, and many changes will occur. The "Jingzhou Divination" says: When Zhaoming appears in the Encampment Mansion, ministers will rebel; those without warfare will start wars, while those with wars will stop them.