Heaven splits open.

京氏《易妖占》曰：“天開見光，流血滂滂。”《天鏡》曰：“天裂見光，流血汪汪；天裂見人，兵起國亡。”劉向《洪範傳》曰：“漢惠帝二年，天天東北，廣十餘丈，長二十餘丈。”《星經》亦云：“或則天裂，或則地動，皆氣有餘，陽不足也。地動陰有餘，天裂陽不足，皆下盛強，將害君之變也。其後有呂氏之亂。”

Jing Fang of the Western Han dynasty's "Yi Yao Zhan" says: "If the sky cracks open and shines brightly, there will be blood flowing all over the land." The "Tian Jing" says: "If the sky cracks open and shines brightly, there will be blood flowing in patches; if the sky cracks open and reveals a human shape, military disasters will arise and the state will perish." Liu Xiang's "Hong Fan Zhuan" says: "In the second year of Emperor Hui of the Han dynasty, the sky cracked open in the Northeast direction, with a width of more than ten zhang and a length of more than twenty zhang." (The original text says "Tian Tian Northeast," and the next "Tian" should be "Crack.") The "Xing Jing" also says: "Sometimes the sky cracks open, sometimes the earth shakes, both are due to an excess of qi in one direction and a deficiency of yang qi. Earth shaking is due to an excess of yin qi, while a sky crack is due to a deficiency of yang qi. Both indicate that those in lower positions are strong, and a calamity against the sovereign will arise. Indeed, the Li family later rebelled."

“景帝三年，天北有赤者如席，長十餘丈，或曰赤氣，或曰天裂，其後有七國之兵。”“晉惠帝元康二年二月，天西北天裂，按劉向說曰：‘天裂陽不足，地動陰有餘，是時人主昏瞀，妃后專制。’”“又八月庚午，天中裂為二，有聲如雷者三，君道衰，臣下專僭之象也。是日長沙王奉帝出拒成都、河間二王，後成都、河間、東海又迭專威命。是其應也。”

In the third year of Emperor Jingdi of the Han dynasty, a red patch appeared in the northern part of the sky, resembling a mat, and was over ten zhang long. Some said it was red vapor, while others thought it was a split in the sky. After this, the rebellion of the seven kingdoms of Wu and Chu occurred. In the second year of Yuankang during Emperor Hui of the Jin dynasty, in February, the sky split in the northwest. According to Liu Xiang's view: "A split in the sky indicates insufficient yang energy, while an earth movement indicates excessive yin energy." At that time, the ruler was foolish and corrupt, and the concubine and her family ruled the court. In the same year, in August on the day of Gengwu, the sky split in half from the middle, producing three thunder-like sounds, which was a sign of the decline of the ruler's virtue and the overstepping of ministers. On that day, Prince Sima Yi of Changsha led Emperor Hui's army to resist Prince Sima Ying of Chengdu and Prince Sima Yong of Hejian. Later, Prince Sima Ying of Chengdu, Prince Sima Yong of Hejian, and Prince Sima Yuan of Donghai took turns monopolizing the imperial authority, which was the fulfillment of this heavenly omen.

“穆帝昇平五年八月己卯夜，天中裂，廣三四丈，有聲如雷，野雉皆鳴。是後哀帝荒疾，海西失德，太后總萬機，桓溫專權，威振內外，陰氣隆，陽道微也。”《天鏡》曰：“天以冬裂，天下大兵。有陰謀，主有喪；春秋主君臣懷攏，夏冬主有大兵。”京房《妖占》曰：“天分作亂之君，無道之臣，欲裂其土，國之主當之。”《天鏡》曰：“天裂而言，如其言。天裂見牛、馬、豕，天下憂。《汲冢紀年書》曰：“懿王元年，天再啟於鄭、晉，穆帝昇平五年，天裂有聲，又有天裂見其流水、馬、人。”

In the fifth year of Emperor Junmu's Shengping era, in the eighth month on the day of Jimao, the sky split in the middle, opening up about three or four zhang wide, with a sound like thunder, causing wild chickens to cry out in alarm. After that, Emperor Aidi of the Jin Dynasty became seriously ill due to taking elixirs, Emperor Huixi of the Western Jin lost virtue and was deposed, the Chu太后 took control of the government, and Huan Wen seized power, his authority shaking both inside and outside the court: this was a sign of the flourishing of yin and the decline of yang. The "Tian Jing" says: "If the sky splits in winter, there will be great military disasters and conspiracies, and the ruler will suffer loss of life; if it splits in spring or autumn, it indicates mutual suspicion and control between the ruler and ministers; if it splits in summer or winter, there will be great military calamities." Jing Fang's "Yao Zhan" says: "When the sky splits and separates, it is a sign of a rebellious ruler and an unrighteous minister who intend to divide the land, and the sovereign of the country will bear this calamity." The "Tian Jing" also says: "If the sky splits and makes a sound, it will be fulfilled as it says. If the sky splits and shows the shapes of cattle, horses, and pigs, there will be worries for the whole country." The "Jizhong Jiniannian Shu" says: "In the first year of King Yi of the Zhou Dynasty, the sky split twice in the areas of Zheng and Jin." In the fifth year of Emperor Junmu's Shengping era, the sky split with a loud noise, and there are also records of the sky splitting and showing the shapes of flowing water, horses, and human figures.

《洪範傳》曰：“天忽變色，是謂易常。天裂見人，兵起國亡。天鳴有聲，至尊憂且驚。皆亂國之所由生也。”《天鏡》曰：“天忽變色，四夷來侵，不出八年有兵。”

The Hongfan Transmission says: "Heaven suddenly changes its color, which is called 'changing the constant,' meaning the disruption of the normal way. Heaven splits open to reveal a human form, indicating the outbreak of warfare and the fall of a state. Heaven produces a sound, causing the supreme ruler to feel both sorrow and fear. These are all omens resulting from a chaotic state." The Tianjing says: "Heaven suddenly changes its color, indicating that the four outer regions will soon invade, and there will be warfare within eight years."

京房《易傳》曰：“天鳴必有殺行，民流亡。”又曰：“萬姓勞厥，妖天鳴。”《天鏡》曰：“天鳴，世主失，不出十日。”又曰：“天鳴主死，百姓哭。”《河圖秘微》曰：“劉帝即位百七十日，太陰在庚辰，江充構禍，其變天鳴。”“晉元帝大興二年八月戊戌，天鳴東南，有聲如風水相薄。京房《易妖占》曰：‘天鳴有聲，人主憂’”

Jing Fang's "Yi Transmission" says: "When heaven produces a sound, there will certainly be an execution of killings and the people will be displaced and flee." It also says: "When the common people suffer hardship and distress, strange phenomena such as heavenly sounds will appear." The "Heavenly Mirror" says: "Heavenly sounds indicate that the current ruler will lose the world, and within ten days it will come to pass." It also says: "Heavenly sounds indicate the death of the ruler, and the people will weep and mourn." The "Heavenly Chart Secret Microcosm" says: "When the Han dynasty emperor (the original text says 'Liu Emperor,' referring to Emperor Wu of Han) had been on the throne for one hundred and seventy days, the Taiyin calendar year was Gengchen, and Jiang Chong's false accusations led to the witchcraft and witch-hunting calamity; its precursor was the heavenly sound." In the second year of Da Xing during the reign of Emperor Yuan of Jin, in the eighth month on the fifth day of the Wuxu cycle, heaven produced a sound in the southeast direction, with a sound like wind and water colliding. Jing Fang's "Yi Omen Divination" says: "When heaven produces a sound, the ruler will have worries and troubles."

“晉大興三年十月壬辰，天鳴，至甲午止，其後王敦入石頭，王師敗績，元帝屈辱，制於強臣，即而晏駕。”“晉安帝隆安五年閏月癸丑，天東南鳴，二年九月戊子，天東南又鳴，是後桓玄篡位，安帝播越，憂莫大焉。鳴每東南者，蓋中興江外，天隨之而鳴也。”“晉安帝義熙元年八月，天鳴在東南，京房《易傳》曰：‘萬姓勞厥，妖天鳴。’是時安帝雖反政，而兵革歲動，眾庶勤勞也。”

In the third year of Emperor Jianwu's reign during the era of Da Xing, in the tenth lunar month on the day of Renchen, the sky began to make a loud sound, and it stopped only on the day of Jiawu. Afterwards, Wang Dun raised an army and attacked the Stone City, and the imperial forces suffered a great defeat. The emperor was humiliated and controlled by a powerful minister, and soon afterwards he died. In the fifth year of Long'an during the reign of Emperor Jian'an, in the leap month on the day of Guichou, the sky made a loud sound in the southeast direction. In the second year of Yuanxing, in the ninth lunar month on the day of Wuzi, the sky again made a loud sound in the southeast direction. Afterwards, Huan Xuan usurped the throne, and Emperor Jian'an was forced to wander and migrate, and there was no greater calamity than this. The sky's loud sounds always occurred in the southeast direction, probably because the Jin dynasty was reestablished in the Jiangnan region, and thus the sky sounded in that direction. In the first year of Yixi during the reign of Emperor Jian'an, in the eighth lunar month, the sky made a loud sound in the southeast direction. Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says, "When the people are laboring and suffering, an abnormal phenomenon of the sky making a loud sound occurs." At that time, although Emperor Jian'an had already regained the throne and taken personal control of the government, wars continued year after year, and the people were extremely exhausted.

《天鏡》曰：“天雨鳥獸，主兵喪，萬民流亡。”劉向《洪範傳》曰：“天雨禽獸，是謂不祥；不出三年，其下興兵。”《洪範傳》曰：“人君不親骨肉，親他人，故蟲從天墮地，骨肉去也。不救，兵大起。其救也，立王公，率同姓諸侯，無偏黨，則災消。”

The Tian Jing says: "Birds and beasts falling from the sky indicate impending military calamities and funerals, with the people wandering and fleeing." Liu Xiang's Hong Fan Zhuan says: "When flying animals and beasts fall from the sky, it is an omen of ill fortune; within three years, warfare will arise in that region." The Hong Fan Zhuan also states: "If the ruler does not favor his close relatives but instead favors outsiders, then insects will fall from the sky to the ground, symbolizing the dispersion of close kin. If no measures are taken to remedy this, there will be great warfare. The remedy is to enfeoff princes and have them lead fellow-surname feudal lords, avoiding favoritism and factionalism, so that the ominous signs will be dispelled."

又曰：“春秋者，蟲之災也，以罰暴虐而取於天下；貪叨無厭，以興動眾；取邑治城，而失眾心，蟲為害矣。”文公三年秋，雨螽於宋，是時宋公以暴虐刑重，賦斂無度應，是而螽也。《天鏡》曰：“天雨魚鱉，為兵喪，萬民流亡”。《洪範傳》曰：“天雨魚鱉，國有兵喪。”又曰：“天雨骨，是謂陽消；王者德令不行，佞人用。不出三年，有內爭。”“《易飛候》曰：“天雨骨，師將破亡。”

It is also said that the disasters caused by insects recorded in the Spring and Autumn Annals are used to punish those who seize power through cruelty. These people are greedy without end, frequently mobilizing troops and involving the people in labor, seizing cities and building large fortifications, thus losing the hearts of the people, and insect plagues then occur. In the third year of Lu Wen Gong's reign in autumn, locusts fell from the sky in the State of Song. At that time, the Duke of Song was cruel, with harsh punishments and excessive taxation, and this locust plague was a response to these actions. The Heavenly Mirror says: "If fish and turtles fall from the sky, it indicates military calamity and mourning, with the people wandering and fleeing." The Hongfan Transmission says: "If fish and turtles fall from the sky, the country will suffer military calamity and mourning." It is also said: "If bones fall from the sky, this is called 'Yang Xiao,' meaning the decline of Yang energy; the king's virtue and decrees cannot be implemented, and wicked ministers are appointed. Within three years, there will be internal strife." The Yi Fei Hou says: "If bones fall from the sky, the army will be defeated and destroyed."

《洪範傳》曰：“天雨筋，國大飢。”又曰：“天雨膏，如蟲，輔臣多貪之應也。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨膏，其國有急。”《洪範傳》曰：“君無道暴虐，天雨肉。天雨肉，天不享其德，將易其君。”《繼漢書五行志》曰：“桓帝建和三年，北地雨肉，似半筋，大如手。時帝幼，太后專政。”

The "Hong Fan Chuan" says: "If heavenly fat-like things fall from the sky, the country will suffer a great famine." It also says: "If heavenly fat-like things fall from the sky, shaped like worms, this is an omen that the ministers assisting the ruler have committed much corruption." The "Yi Fei Hou" says: "If heavenly fat-like things fall from the sky, the country will face sudden difficulties." The "Hong Fan Chuan" says: "If the ruler is unjust and tyrannical, heaven will drop flesh. When flesh falls from the sky, it indicates that heaven no longer enjoys his virtue and is about to replace this ruler." The "Xu Han Shu · Wu Xing Zhi" says: "In the third year of Jian He in the reign of Emperor Huan of Han, in the northern region of Beidi Commandery, flesh-like things fell from the sky, resembling half a tendon, as big as a hand. At that time, Emperor Huan was young, and the Liang太后 held the government in her hands."

《魏志》曰：“公孫泉將亡，襄平北市生肉，長圍各數尺，有頭目口喙，無手足而動。”《喙搖占》曰：“有形不成者，其國滅。”《洪範傳》曰：“天雨膏錫，如甘露著樹木，不出三年，更政易主。白者名甘露，黃者為爵錫。”《天鏡》曰：“天雨如水銀，是謂刑枉，不出三年，兵喪並起，亡國失土。”

The *Book of the Later Han: Wei Records* says: "When Gongsun Yuan (a Tang dynasty taboo name for Gongsun Quan) was about to fall, a piece of flesh appeared in the northern market of Xiangping City, with length and circumference of several feet, having a head, eyes, and mouth, but no hands or feet, yet it moved." The *Book of Whispers* says: "A creature with form but not shape appears, and the country will be doomed to destruction." The *Honganfan Zhuan* says: "A sticky tin-like substance fell from the sky, like dew, attaching itself to trees. Within three years, there will be a change in government and a replacement of the ruler. White ones are called 'Ganlu' (sweet dew), and yellow ones are called 'Jue Xi' (cup tin)." The *Tianjing* says: "A substance like mercury fell from the sky, which is called 'punishment and injustice.' Within three years, military disaster and mourning will occur together, and the country will be ruined and lose its territory."

京房曰：“天雨血，茲謂不親，黔首怨之，不出三年，亡其宗人。”《尚書中候》曰：“夏桀無道，天雨血。”《天鏡》曰：“天雨血，是謂天見其妖，不正者不得久處其位，不三年兵起。”《演孔圖》曰：“君過滿七九，則雨血。”《運斗樞》曰：“偏任不移，雨血漂流。”京房《易傳》曰：“王者不顧骨肉，不親九族，天雨血二日。”又曰：“血自天墮，三年大兵。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨血，流染衣，其國亡，君戮。”

During the Western Han dynasty, Jing Fang said, "Blood falling from heaven is called 'not being close,' and the people all resent him; within three years, his family will perish." The "Shang Zhong Shou Hou" states, "King Jie of Xia was unjust, and blood fell from heaven." The "Tian Jing" says, "Blood falling from heaven is an omen from heaven indicating an evil portent; those who act improperly cannot remain in power for long, and within three years, military conflict will arise." The esoteric text "Chunqiu Yan Kong Tu" says, "When a ruler's faults accumulate to the number of sixty-three, which is seven times nine, heaven will shed blood." The esoteric text "Chunqiu Yun Dou Shu" says, "If a ruler overly trusts and relies on one person without ever changing his ways, heaven will shed blood that flows." Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says, "If a king does not care for his relatives and does not befriend his nine clans, heaven will shed blood for two consecutive days." It also says, "When blood falls from heaven, there will be a great war within three years." The "Yi Fei Hou" says, "When blood falls from heaven and stains the clothes, the country will perish, and the king will be executed."

《太公金匱》曰：“唐堯克有苗，問人曰：‘吾聞有苗時，天雨血沾衣，有此妖乎？’人曰：‘非妖也，有苗誅諫者，尊無功，退有能，遇人如敵，故亡耳。’”京房《易》曰：“臨獄不解，茲謂進非厥咎，天雨血。天雨血者，茲謂不親宗，有怨恐，不出三年，亡其宗。佞人用功，天雨血。”

The *Golden Chest* records: After Tang Yao defeated the Youmiao, he asked others, "I have heard that during the time when Youmiao was in power, blood fell from the sky and stained his clothes. Was this really an omen?" The person replied, "That was not an omen. Youmiao executed those who gave him advice, honored those without merit, dismissed the capable, and treated people as enemies, so he lost his country." Jing Fang's *Book of Changes* says: "If cases are delayed for a long time, this is called employing the unworthy. Its omen is blood falling from the sky. Blood falling from the sky indicates that the ruler does not keep close to his relatives, and the relatives harbor resentment and fear. Within three years, his relatives will perish. When petty men gain power, the sky will also shed blood."

《漢書五行志》曰：“惠帝二年，雨血於宜陽，一頃所，劉向以為近赤，祥也。時大臣誅滅諸呂，殭尸流血。”又曰：“哀帝建平四年，山陽胡陵雨血，廣三尺，長五尺，大者如錢，小者如麻，後三年，王莽專朝，誅貴戚。”

The "Book of Han: Five Phases Chapter" says: "In the second year of Emperor Hui of Han, blood fell from the sky over Yiyang, covering an area of about one hundred mu. Liu Xiang considered this to be a sign of the red phase, a presage. Later, the ministers executed the members of the Lu family, and there was a great amount of corpses and blood, which exactly corresponded to this omen." It also says: "In the fourth year of Jianping during Emperor Ai of Han's reign, blood fell from the sky over Huling County in Shanyang Commandery. The width was three chi, the length five chi, with large drops resembling copper coins and small ones like sesame seeds. Three years later, Wang Mang seized control of the government and executed the relatives and powerful ministers."

《天鏡》曰：“天雨羽毛，是謂興人不常，棄亡，前後有喪，不出九年，兵馬興。”京房曰：“天雨毛，邪人進，賢人逃，貴人走。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨毛羽，其國大風。”又曰：“天雨羽毛，大人出亡。”又曰：“天雨羽，君德不通，逆於天下。”

The Tian Jing says: "Feathers falling from the sky indicate the repeated and unstable use of talents, with those who are discarded fleeing abroad, and continuous losses occurring before and after; within no more than nine years, military forces will be mobilized." Jing Fang says: "Feathers falling from the sky signify the appointment of wicked people, while the virtuous ones flee, and the powerful ones flee as well." The Yi Fei Hou says: "Feathers falling from the sky indicate that the country will experience a great wind." It also says: "Feathers falling from the sky mean that a great person will flee." It also says: "Feathers falling from the sky indicate that the ruler's virtue and grace cannot reach the people, and that it is against the will of the people across the land."

《天鏡》曰：“天雨金，為兵喪，萬民流亡。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨金鐵，大兵入。”《天鏡》曰：“天雨金鐵，是謂刑餘，人君殘酷，好殺無違，不出一年，兵交於朝。”京房曰：“天雨金銀，兵將興，失道之君當之。”謹按：《史記》秦獻公十八年雨金。《易飛候》曰：“天雨鐵錢，其國大飢。”

The Tian Jing says: "Gold falling from the sky indicates military calamity and funerals, with the people wandering and fleeing." The Yi Fei Hou says: "If iron and gold fall from the sky, a large army will enter the country." The Tian Jing also says: "If iron and gold fall from the sky, this is called 'Xing Yu,' meaning the remnants of excessive punishments; the ruler is cruel, fond of killing, and no one dares to oppose, and within a year, weapons will clash in the court." Jing Fang says: "If gold and silver fall from the sky, military affairs will arise, and the unjust ruler will bear this calamity." The compiler notes: The Shi Ji records that in the eighteenth year of King Xian Gong of Qin, gold fell from the sky. The Yi Fei Hou says: "If iron money falls from the sky, the country will suffer a great famine."

《天鏡》曰：“天雨石，為兵喪，萬民亡。”京房曰：“天雨石，為政者質信不施，偽詐妄作，國君死亡。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨冰，其國大疾。”又曰：“天雨笠，國大飢。”又曰：“天雨杵，其國大飢。”

The Tian Jing says: "Stones falling from the sky indicate military calamity and mourning, with the people fleeing." Jing Fang says: "Stones falling from the sky signify that the ruling authority is not practicing sincerity, but instead deceiving and acting recklessly, and the king is about to die." The Yi Fei Hou says: "Ice falling from the sky indicates that the country will suffer a great epidemic." It also says: "A hat falling from the sky indicates a great famine in the country." It also says: "A wooden pestle falling from the sky indicates a great famine in the country."

皇甫士安曰：“殷紂暴虐，天雨灰天雨灰色，君有歸來邑者。”墨子曰：“商紂不德，十日雨土於毫，天雨土，君夫封。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨土，是大凶，民人負子東西，莫居其鄉。”又曰：“天雨土，是謂高土，百姓勞若而無妨，土是謂高。社民勞苦，繁於土功不安，主外戚謀。”

Huangfu Mi (style name Shian) said: "Yin Zhou was cruel and tyrannical, and gray fell from heaven. When gray falls from heaven, it indicates that people from outside will come to the capital." (The original text here repeats the six characters "tian yu hui tian yu hui se" and has some errors.) Mozi said: "Shang Zhou lost virtue, and for ten consecutive days, soil fell in Bo. When soil falls from heaven, it indicates that the ruler will have to establish new feudal territories." The "Yi Fei Hou" says: "When soil falls from heaven, it is a great ominous sign, with common people carrying their children fleeing east and west, and no one willing to stay in their hometowns." It also says: "When soil falls from heaven, this is called 'gao tu' (high soil). Although the people are laboring hard, they will not suffer harm, meaning that the soil piles up high. The common people laboring hard in the temple are due to too much construction work causing unrest, indicating that there is a plot by the maternal relatives to rebel."

《天鏡》曰：“天雨五穀，是謂禾不熟，人君賦斂重數，故示戒，不出五年，因乏軍糧。”墨子曰：“天雨粟，不肖者食祿，與三公一位。天雨黍、豆、麥、粟、稻，是謂惡祥；不出一年，民負子流亡，莫有所向。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨五穀，其國大飢。”“天雨黍，為政者去，大人出死他國，三年有死將。”又曰：“天雨木奈，兵起四方。”

The Tian Jing says: "Grains falling from heaven indicate that crops will not mature; because the ruler imposes heavy and frequent taxes, the heavenly intelligence sends this warning. Within five years, there will be a shortage of military provisions." Mozi says: "When millet falls from heaven, it signifies that unworthy people receive salaries and hold positions equal to the Three Dukes. When millet, beans, wheat, millet, and rice fall from heaven, it is an ominous sign; within a year, people will carry their children and flee, not knowing where to go." The Yi Fei Hou says: "When grains fall from heaven, the country will suffer a great famine." It also says: "When millet falls from heaven, the ruler will lose his position, great men will flee and die in foreign lands, and within three years, generals will die." It also says: "When the fruit of the apple tree falls from heaven, wars will break out in all directions."

《天鏡》曰：“天雨草，是謂增福，不出三年，外國輸谷。”“天雨草木，為兵喪，萬民流亡。”“天雨木，多風，五穀傷。”墨子曰：“國君失信，專祿去賢，則天雨草。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨草，國有殘，民破亡。”又曰：“君讒臣不和，天雨草木，其歲民多兵死。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨梳，其國有權。”又曰：“天雨釜甑，其國大飢。”墨子曰：“天雨釜甑，歲大穰。”

The Tian Jing says: "Grass falling from the sky signifies an increase in blessings, and within three years, grain will be sent from foreign lands." It also says: "If trees and plants fall from the sky, it indicates military calamities and funerals, with the people wandering and fleeing." It further says: "If wood falls from the sky, there will be much wind, and the five grains will be damaged." Mozi says: "If a ruler breaks his word, monopolizes titles and rewards, and keeps away the virtuous, the sky will send down grass." The Yi Fei Hou says: "If grass falls from the sky, the country will suffer ruin, and the people will break their families and flee." It also says: "If a ruler listens to slanderers and there is discord between ruler and ministers, grass and trees will fall from the sky, and that year many people will die in military calamities." The Yi Fei Hou also says: "If a comb falls from the sky, that country will have a loss of power." It further says: "If pots and steamers fall from the sky, that country will face a great famine." Mozi says: "If pots and steamers fall from the sky, the harvest will be abundant." The same phenomenon is interpreted differently by two sources, one predicting good fortune and the other bad fortune. This book includes both interpretations for reference.

《天鏡》曰：“天雨絲帛，天下有兵喪，不出六年，兵起且亂。”又曰：“天雨布帛，為兵喪，萬民流亡。”墨子曰：“天雨絮，其國將喪，無復有兵。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨藥，其君有咎。”《天鏡》曰：“天雨墨，是謂陰謀，君臣無道讒人進用，不出五年，君亡。”墨子曰：“天雨墨，君陰謀。”

The Tian Jing says: "If silk cloth falls from the sky, there will be military calamities and funerals in the world, not exceeding six years, with military actions starting and chaos arising." It also says: "If cloth falls from the sky, it indicates military calamities and funerals, with the people wandering and fleeing." Mozi says: "If downy fluff falls from the sky, the country will suffer loss, and after that, there will be no strength left for military campaigns." The Yi Fei Hou says: "If medicinal substances fall from the sky, the ruler of the country will suffer misfortune." The Tian Jing says: "If ink falls from the sky, this is called conspiracy. The ruler and ministers will not follow the right path, and those who spread slander will be appointed; within five years, the ruler will perish." Mozi says: "If ink falls from the sky, it indicates the ruler is secretly plotting rebellion."

《天鏡》曰：“天火燒國郭門，其地有謀人慾發。”又曰：“天火焰宗廟，人君不謹敬，淫佚，又數犯冬令也。”又曰：“天火焚朝廟社稷，主有大殃，國將亡。”謹按：後魏時，造作宮室過度，而頻有天災，其後累有兵亂。又曰：“一條天火燒正殿，此必人君不聽諫，戮大臣，佞人持政。”

The Tianjing says: "Heavenly Fire burns the outer gates of the capital city, indicating that there are people plotting rebellion who will soon act." It also says: "Heavenly Fire burns the ancestral temple because the sovereign is not respectful and cautious, indulgent and licentious, and repeatedly violates the proper policies for winter." Furthermore, it says: "Heavenly Fire burns the court's ancestral temple and the altar of the state gods, indicating the sovereign will suffer great calamity and the state will be on the verge of destruction." The compiler notes: During the Northern Wei dynasty, excessive construction of palaces led to frequent natural disasters, followed by continuous military disturbances. It also says: "A Heavenly Fire destroys the main hall, which certainly indicates the sovereign does not listen to advice, punishes ministers, and allows wicked men to dominate the government."

“天火燒街，有大兵。”“天火燒廄，兵大起。”“天火燒民舍，兵方起。”“天火燒野五穀，國將亡。”“天火燒山阜，百姓不安。”“天火燒萬物，天下分裂。”“天火燒牛馬，兵屠裂。”“天火燒水，逆兵方起。”“天火焰大水，木鳴呼，是謂奸起，六月霜降。”“天雨火，為兵喪，萬民流亡。”“天妄下火焚燒，是謂大殃，民負子流亡。”墨子曰：“天下火燔邑城門，其邑被圍。”《易飛候》曰：“天雨火，是謂大凶，民人賣其子東西，莫居其鄉。”又曰：“天官見師為禍，司馬必敗。”司馬謂兵師也。

"Heavenly Fire burns the marketplaces, there will be a great battle. Heavenly Fire burns the stables, military calamities will arise. Heavenly Fire burns civilian houses, military calamities are about to occur. Heavenly Fire burns the crops in the fields, the country will be doomed. Heavenly Fire burns the mountains and hills, the people will not find peace. Heavenly Fire burns all things, the world will be divided. Heavenly Fire burns oxen and horses, military calamities will be severe and bloody. Heavenly Fire burns on the water, rebellious military affairs are about to arise. Heavenly Fire burns on a great body of water, trees emit howling sounds, this is called the rise of wickedness, frost will fall in June. Fire falls from the sky, indicating military calamities and deaths, the people will be scattered and flee. Heaven suddenly sends fire to burn, this is called great calamity, the people carry their children and flee. Mozi said: 'If Heaven sends fire to destroy the gates of a city, that city will be besieged.' The 'Yi Fei Hou' says: 'Fire falling from the sky is a great omen of misfortune, the people sell their children and flee east and west, no one is willing to stay in their hometowns.' It also says: 'The Star of Officialdom shows military calamities, the general in charge of the army will surely suffer defeat.' Here, the term 'general' refers to the commander of the troops."

京房《易候》曰：“王者不顧骨肉，不親九族，則天隕石。”甘氏曰：“無雲而雷，石隕隨地，大可一丈，圍形如雞子，兩頭銳，名曰天鼓，所下之邦，必有大戰，伏尸數萬，不可救。”春秋僖公十六年，隕石於宋五。此時宋襄之應也，望之是星至地為石，其所無光榮之象也。”《天鏡》曰：“天雨雜物，皆為兵喪，萬民流亡。”“天雨戟，是謂不祥，不出三年，天下兵興。”《天鏡》曰：“天雨人，無名字，妄語言，是謂凶殃。不出十二年，必易王。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Hou" says: "When a ruler neglects his relatives and does not closely associate with his nine clans, heaven will send down meteorites." The Gan school (that is, Gan Deng, a Warring States period astronomer from Qi, who was known together with Shi Shen as ancient star observers) says: "When there is no cloud in the sky yet thunder occurs, stones will fall to the ground. The large ones can be up to ten feet in size, shaped like eggs, with sharp ends, called 'Heavenly Drum.' The country where they fall will certainly experience a great battle, with tens of thousands of dead, which cannot be prevented." The "Chun Qiu" records that in the sixteenth year of Duke Xi of Lu, five meteorites fell in the State of Song. This was the fulfillment of the prophecy regarding Duke Xiang of Song's failure to achieve hegemony. When viewed from afar, they are stars in the sky, but when they fall to the ground, they become stones, symbolizing the loss of glory and honor. The "Tian Jing" says: "When various objects fall from the sky, it foretells military calamities and deaths, with the people wandering and fleeing." It also says: "When spears fall from the sky, this is considered an omen of ill fortune; within three years, warfare will arise across the land." The "Tian Jing" also says: "When people fall from the sky, unable to state their names, speaking nonsense, this is called a calamity and misfortune; within twelve years, a new ruler must certainly be established."

《易》曰：“天地貞觀，日月貞明。”《坤卦》曰：“牝馬地類，行地無疆。”《象》曰：“地勢坤，君子以厚德載物。”《淮南子》曰：“重濁者淹滯而為地。”《說文》曰：“元氣初分，重濁為地，萬物所陳列也。”《洪範五行傳》曰：“地者，成萬物者也。”《元命包》曰：“地者，易也。言養物懷任易變化，含吐應節，故其立字士力於一者為地。”

The Great Treatise of the Zhou Changes says: "Heaven and earth display the correct path to people, and the sun and moon illuminate all things with the correct path." The K'un hexagram of the Zhou Changes says: "A mare belongs to the category of earth, walking on the earth without limit." The Image Commentary of the K'un hexagram says: "The earth is broad and harmonious, so the gentleman carries all things with profound virtue." The Huainanzi says: "The heavy and turbid part settles down, becoming earth." Xu Shen's Shuowen Jiezi says: "When the original qi first separates, the heavy and turbid part becomes earth, which is the place where all things are arranged." The Hongfan Wuxing Zhuan says: "So-called earth, is the one that completes all things." The esoteric text Chunqiu Yuanmingbao says: "The character 'di' means 'yi', meaning it nurtures all things, holds and carries them, easily produces change, and its containing and exhaling follows the seasons. Therefore, when the character was created, the characters 'tu' and 'li' were combined above the character 'yi', forming 'di'."

《聖證論》曰：“孔昆云：‘普天之下，華嶽列居，河海所流，丘陵墳衍，總謂之地。’”《素問》曰：“積陰為地，故地者濁陰。”《元命包》曰：“地所以右轉者，氣濁清少，含陰而起遲，故轉右迎天。”謂陰氣也。《考靈曜》曰：“地有四遊，冬至地上北而南三萬里矣，恆動而不止，而人不知，譬如人在大舟行，而人不覺也。”《漢地理志》曰：“保章氏掌天文，以星土辨九州之地，所封之域，皆為分星，以視吉凶。”

Wang Su's "Sheng Zheng Lun" says: "Kong Kun explains: 'Throughout the heavens, the Huashan mountain and other high mountains are arranged among them, rivers, lakes, and seas flow through, hills and high and low plains, all together are called earth.'" The "Huangdi Neijing · Suwen" says: "When yin qi accumulates, it becomes earth, so earth belongs to turbid yin." The esoteric text "Chunqiu Yuanmingbao" says: "The reason the earth rotates to the right is because its qi is turbid and heavy, with little clear and light qi, containing yin qi and moving slowly, so it rotates to the right to conform with the movement of heaven." This refers precisely to yin qi. The esoteric text "Shangshu Kaolinyao" says: "The earth has 'four movements,' at the winter solstice, the earth moves southward for three ten thousand li, constantly moving without stopping, but people are unaware of it, just like sitting on a large boat moving forward, without realizing it oneself." The "Han Shu · Dili Zhi" says: "The Baozhangshi was in charge of astronomy, using the star mansions corresponding to the regions to distinguish the lands of the nine provinces; all the territories granted by enfeoffment had their own corresponding stars, by which to observe auspiciousness and inauspiciousness."

《河圖括地象》曰：“地廣東西二萬八千里，南北二萬六千里。有君長之八極之廣，東西二億三萬三千里，南北二億三萬一千五百里。”《詩含神霧》曰：“天地東西二億三萬三千里，南北二億三萬一千五百里，天地相去億五萬里。”《廣雅》曰：“神農所治四海內，東西九十萬里，南北八十一萬里。唐帝所治九州地，二千四百三十萬八千四十二頃。夏禹所治四海內地，東西二萬八千里，南北二萬六千里。”

The apocryphal text "Heavenly Chart of the Earth's Form" says: "The earth is two million eight thousand li wide from east to west, and two million six thousand li long from north to south. If the eight extremes under the rule of a sovereign are included, then it is two hundred and three million three thousand li wide from east to west, and two hundred and thirty-one million five hundred li long from north to south." Another apocryphal text, "Poetry Containing Divine Mist," states: "The heavens and earth are two hundred and three million three thousand li wide from east to west, and two hundred and thirty-one million five hundred li long from north to south. The distance between heaven and earth is one hundred and five million li." Zhang Yi's "Broad Meaning" says: "The land under the rule of the Divine Farmer (Shennong) is ninety million li wide from east to west, and eighty-one million li long from north to south. The land of the Nine States under the rule of the Great Yu (Taoyao) is two million four hundred thirty thousand eight hundred and four li in area. The land under the rule of the Great Yu (Xiyu) is two million eight thousand li wide from east to west, and two million six thousand li long from north to south."

《命曆序》曰：“神農始立制形。”《甄曜度》曰：“四海東西九十萬里，南北八十萬里。”《山海經》曰：“帝命豎亥，步自東極至於西極、五億十選（郭璞注曰：豎亥，健行人。選，萬也。）九千八百八步。豎亥左手把策，右手指青丘。一曰：禹令豎亥；一曰：五億十萬九千八百步。”《紀年》曰：“穆王東下天下二億二千五百里；西征億有九百里；南征億有七百三里；北征二億七里。”

The apocryphal text "Ming Li Xu" from the Wei Shu says: "Shennong first established the system of territorial divisions." The apocryphal text "Luoshu Zhenyao Du" says: "Within the four seas, the distance from east to west is ninety million li, and from north to south is eighty million li." The "Shanhai Jing" says: "The heavenly emperor ordered Shu Hai to measure from the eastern extreme to the western extreme step by step, and he took five hundred million ten thousand nine thousand eight hundred and eight steps. Shu Hai held counting rods in his left hand and pointed to Qingqiu with his right hand. Another account says that it was Da Yu who ordered Shu Hai to measure; another account says that the measurement was five hundred million ten thousand nine thousand eight hundred steps." The phrase "Shu Hai, a vigorous traveler. Xuan, ten thousand" is a marginal note from the original text, quoting the explanation of the Jin dynasty scholar Guo Pu, who said that Shu Hai was a person skilled in long-distance travel, and "xuan" means "ten thousand." The "Zhu Shu Ji Nian" says: "King Mu of the Zhou dynasty traveled east across the world for two hundred million two thousand five hundred li, west for one hundred million nine hundred li, south for one hundred million seven hundred and three li, and north for two hundred million seven li."

《山海經》曰：“天地之東西，二萬八千里，南北二萬六千里。出水者八千里，受水者八千里。”《博物志》曰：“地祗之位，起形於崑崙，縱廣萬里，高萬一千里，神物所生，聖人仙人之所集。崑崙之東北，地轉下三千百里，有八玄幽都，方二十萬里。地下有四柱，柱廣十萬里，有三千六百軸，犬牙相舉也。”《呂氏春秋》曰：“凡四海之內，東西有五億九萬七千里，南北亦有五億九萬七千里。”《淮南子》曰：“禹乃使大章，步自東極至於西極，二億三萬三千五百里七十五步，使豎亥自北極至於南極，二億三萬三千五百里七十五步。”《古今通論》曰：“夫地者，厚三萬里，凡八極之廣，東西二十三萬三千里，南北二十三萬一千五百里。”

The Classic of Mountains and Seas says: "The expanse of heaven and earth is two million eight thousand li in width from east to west, and two million six thousand li in length from north to south. The source of rivers is eight thousand li, and the place that holds all the rivers is eight thousand li." Zhang Hua's Records of Miscellaneous Things says: "The position of the earth spirits begins from the Kunlun Mountains; the Kunlun Mountains extend one hundred thousand li in length and width, and are one million and ten thousand li high, being the place where extraordinary things are born and where sages and immortals gather. To the northeast of Kunlun, the terrain turns downward three thousand and one hundred li, where there are eight places called Xuanming Youdu, each covering an area of twenty thousand li. Under the earth there are four pillars, each ten thousand li wide, and another three thousand six hundred axes, interlocking like dog teeth to support it." The Book of Master Liezi says: "In the whole world, the distance from east to west is five million nine thousand seven hundred li, and the distance from north to south is also five million nine thousand seven hundred li." The Huainanzi says: "Great Yu then sent Da Zhang to measure from the eastern extreme to the western extreme, which was two hundred million three thousand three hundred and fifty li and seventy-five steps; he also sent Shu Hai to measure from the northern extreme to the southern extreme, which was also two hundred million three thousand three hundred and fifty li and seventy-five steps." The General History and Comprehensive Discussion says: "The earth is three hundred thousand li thick; the territory within the eight extremes extends two million three hundred and thirty thousand li from east to west, and two million three hundred and fifteen thousand li from north to south."

京氏曰：“地動，陰高者為下，下者為陽。此人君俱進，君子為小人同倫，任小人為上宰，置君子於下位，此陰高而陽卑也。故反也害及大人。”《河圖秘徵篇》曰：“地之動，大臣逆。”《雒書雒罪級》曰：“土震不言眾虐盛。”《尚書夏侯說》曰：“地大臣盛，將有為下不靜，兵數動也。”《運斗樞》曰：“地之動，知並孳，君臣蹶施（宋均曰：蹶，動也；施，放縱之也。）陰喧譁。”又曰：“地震之異，陰倍主。”

Jing Fang said, "Earthquake indicates that the yin energy has risen to a high position, while the yang energy, which should be above, has descended to the lower position. This is like a ruler and his ministers being on equal footing, and the virtuous and the petty men being mixed together. When the petty men are appointed as chief ministers and the virtuous are placed in lower positions, this is called yin being high and yang being low. When yin and yang are reversed in this way, calamity will affect great persons." The esoteric text "He Tu Mi Zheng Bian" says, "Earthquake indicates rebellion among ministers." The esoteric text "Lu Shu Luo Zui Ji" says, "When the earth trembles without sound, it is a sign of widespread cruelty." The "Shang Shu Xia Hou Shuo" says, "Earthquake indicates that ministers have great power, and there will be unrest among those in lower positions, with frequent military conflicts." The esoteric text "Chun Qiu Yun Dou Shu" says, "When the earth trembles, it indicates that factions are growing, and the ruler and ministers are restless and unrestrained, with yin energy being rampant." The note in the text, "Jue means movement; shi means unrestrained," is from the original commentary, quoting Song Jun of the Eastern Han dynasty. It also says, "This kind of earthquake, as a change, indicates that yin energy has doubled to overpower the ruler."

《保乾圖》曰：“地動，下逆，無陽自燭：則退強臣，誅大過，免近戚。”《潛潭巴》曰：“地動搖，臣下謀上。”《運斗樞》曰：“后族專權，地動搖宮。”《春秋公著傳》曰：“臣專政，陰而行陽，故地震。”《穀梁》曰：“地動，大臣盛，將動有變。”（變謂反也）夏氏曰：“地動，民不安，搖擾流移。”劉向《洪範傳》曰：“地動者，臣不臣也，臣下大貴也。”

The Wei text "Xiao Jing Bao Gan Tu" says: "Earthquake is a sign that the lower ranks are rebellious and that the yang energy cannot manifest clearly; the remedy is to dismiss strong and tyrannical officials, punish those with serious crimes, and remove the power of close relatives and relatives by marriage." The Wei text "Chun Qiu Qian Tan Ba" says: "When the earth shakes, it indicates that ministers plot against the sovereign." "Chun Qiu Yun Dou Shu" says: "When the maternal relatives seize power, the earth shakes and the palace is shaken." "Chun Qiu Gong Yang Zhuan" (the original text says "Gong Zhe Zhuan") says: "When ministers seize control of the government, they do the deeds of yang while being of yin nature, hence an earthquake." "Chun Qiu Gu Liang Zhuan" says: "Earthquake indicates that the ministers are powerful and there will be a change." ("Change" refers to rebellion, as noted in the original text's marginal note.) Xiahou said: "Earthquake indicates that the people are restless, experiencing turmoil and disturbance, leading to migration." Liu Xiang's "Hong Fan Zhuan" says: "Earthquake is caused by ministers not following their proper conduct and ministers becoming too exalted."

董仲舒《對災異》曰：“地者，陰之類也；動者，後宮臣下專，主之盛陽衰，故致疾疫。當制後宮，齊御百宮以救之。”京房《對災異》曰：“地者，大臣之位，當載安萬民，懷藏物類；而動搖者，此不欲為君載安萬民，動搖不安，思欲篡殺也。”京房《傳》曰：“地動蹶城，天下亡。”《天鏡》曰：“地動，世主失，不出千日。”

Dong Zhongshu's "Response on Calamities and Anomalies" says: "The earth belongs to the category of yin; when it moves, it signifies that the harem and ministers are exercising undue power, the sovereign's strong yang energy is diminishing, thus causing plague. One should restrain the harem and discipline the officials, thereby dispelling the calamity." Jing Fang's "Response on Calamities and Anomalies" says: "The earth is the position of the ministers; it should bear and shelter the people, and contain and embrace all things. Now, however, it moves, indicating that it refuses to bear and shelter the people, is unstable, and harbors thoughts of usurpation and murder." Jing Fang's "Transmission" says: "When the earth moves and collapses cities, the world will perish." "The Heavenly Mirror" says: "When the earth moves, it signifies that the current sovereign will lose his position, and this will come to pass within a thousand days."

京房曰：“地動，蹶屋、室、人，天下兵行。”“地移，或西或東，不列王公，此謂不公其行也。”“地動，動床大，歲大熟。”“地動，教令從臣下出，必有流身飢亡。”“地動，有赤水出，司馬戮。”“地動，疾驚牛馬，禽獸變動，天子失地。”“地獨動於靈廟中及朝廷，邑有亂臣，且凶。”“國無忠臣，動動不已。”“地比四五日動，人主不安。”“地數動，殺人，賊臣暴。”

Jing Fang said: "If the earth moves and causes houses and dwellings to collapse, crushing people, there will be military campaigns in the country. "If the ground shifts, either westward or eastward, not in order of the ranks of the princes and nobles, this is called unjust conduct. "If the earth moves and the beds and couches shake violently, that year will be a great harvest. "If the earth moves, the orders and commands will originate from the ministers, and there will certainly be people who flee and die of starvation. "If the earth moves and red water gushes out, the commander of the military, the司马, will be executed. "If the earth moves, causing oxen and horses to panic and wild animals to behave abnormally, the Son of Heaven will lose his territory. "If the earth moves only in the spirit temple and within the palace, there are traitorous ministers in the city, and the situation is dangerous. "If the country has no loyal ministers, the earth will shake continuously. "If the earth shakes for four or five consecutive days, the ruler will not be at peace. "If the earth shakes repeatedly and injures people, it indicates the presence of wicked and tyrannical ministers."

“地以春動，有音，歲不昌。以夏動，有音，人主有喪。以四月動，有音，五穀不熟，民大飢。以五月動，有音，人主有喪，民流亡。以六月動，有音，少老多死，歲惡。以秋動，有音，大兵起。以九月動，有音，殃大。以冬動，有音，人主有喪，兵起。以十月動，有音，其邑有功。以十一月動，有音，其邑有大兵喪及民飢亡。以十二月動，有音，其邑有兵行。”

When the earth trembles with sound in spring, the harvest will be poor. If it trembles with sound in summer, the ruler will suffer a death. If it trembles with sound in the fourth month, the five grains will not mature, and the people will suffer from great famine. If it trembles with sound in the fifth month, the ruler will suffer a death, and the people will flee. If it trembles with sound in the sixth month, many young and old will die, and the year will be bad. If it trembles with sound in autumn, there will be a great military conflict. If it trembles with sound in the ninth month, there will be great calamity. If it trembles with sound in winter, the ruler will suffer a death, and military conflict will arise. If it trembles with sound in the tenth month, that city will achieve great success. If it trembles with sound in the eleventh month, that city will suffer great military disaster, great loss, and the people will be hungry and flee. If it trembles with sound in the twelfth month, that city will have military movement.

《地鏡》曰：“地動三年，其國民流，東西動十日以，上必有兵。”“地動千里，是謂陰盛陽衰，人君犯四時，興土功，不出年，國有喪。”“地動，壞城郭宮室，是謂陰道失，四海有兵喪。”《抱朴子》曰：“軍中地動，必大戰，或有謀反。”張衡上書曰：“地動者，民擾也。”《易坤靈圖》曰：“地大動，搖世主之宮，國不安。”

The *Di Jing* says: "If the earth continues to tremble for three years, the people of that country will scatter; if there is a tremor in the east-west direction for more than ten days, there will certainly be military conflict." The *Di Jing* also states: "If the earthquake affects a distance of a thousand li, this is called yin excess and yang decline, caused by the ruler violating the commands of the four seasons and extensively constructing buildings. Within a year, the country will suffer loss." Another passage says: "If the earth moves and destroys cities and palaces, this is called yin losing its defense, and there will be military conflicts and loss throughout the four seas." The *Bao Pu Zi* by Ge Hong says: "If an earthquake occurs in the army, there will certainly be a great battle or someone plotting rebellion." Zhang Heng wrote: "An earthquake is a sign that the people will become restless." The *Yi Kun Ling Tu* says: "A severe earthquake shaking the palace of the contemporary ruler will bring instability to the country."

《國語》曰：“周幽王二年，西周三川皆震，伯陽父曰：‘周將亡矣；夫天地之氣，不失其序，若過其序，民之亂也。陽伏而不能出，陰迫而不能烝。於是在地震。今三川實震，陽失其所也。’”

The Guoyu records that in the second year of King You of Zhou, earthquakes occurred simultaneously in the watersheds of the Jing, Wei, and Luo rivers within the Western Zhou territory. Bo Yang Fu said, "The Zhou dynasty is about to perish. The energies of heaven and earth have their own established order; once they exceed this order, it is a premonition of the people's disorder. Yang energy is hidden below and cannot emerge, while Yin energy presses upon it and prevents it from rising, thus causing an earthquake. Now the three rivers have indeed experienced real earthquakes, which signifies that Yang energy has lost its proper position."

《史記》曰：“周幽王二年，西周三川皆震，（三川，涇、渭、洛也。）伯陽甫曰：‘周將亡矣，天地之氣不失其序，若過其序，民亂之也。陽伏而不能出，陰迫而不能烝，於是有地震。今三川實震，是陽失其所而填陰也。陽失而在陰，原必塞；原塞，國必亡。夫水土演而民用也；土無所演，民乏財用，不亡何待。昔伊、洛竭而夏亡，河竭而商亡；今周德若二代之季矣，其川原又塞，塞必竭，川竭山必崩；夫國必依山川，山崩、川竭，亡之徵也。若國亡，不過十年，數之紀也。’”

The Records of the Grand Historian records that in the second year of King You of Zhou, earthquakes occurred in all three rivers within the Western Zhou state. (Original commentary: the three rivers refer to the Jing River, Wei River, and Luo River.) Bo Yangfu said, "The Zhou dynasty is about to perish. The energies of heaven and earth do not disorder their order; once they do, it is because the people have disturbed it. Yang energy is hidden below and cannot emerge, while Yin energy presses upon it and cannot rise, thus causing an earthquake. Now the three rivers have indeed shaken violently, which indicates that Yang energy has lost its proper position and is being filled by Yin energy. When Yang energy loses its place and is forced down by Yin, the water sources will surely become blocked; when the water sources are blocked, the state will surely perish. When the water and soil are smooth and nourishing, the people have means for their livelihood; when the land is not nourished, the people lack resources, so how can the state not perish? In the past, the Yi River and Luo River dried up, and the Xia dynasty perished; the Yellow River dried up, and the Shang dynasty perished. Now the virtue of the Zhou dynasty is similar to that of the late Xia and Shang dynasties, and the sources of the rivers have also been blocked. When the rivers are blocked, they will surely dry up; when the rivers dry up, the mountains and hills will certainly collapse. A state must rely on mountains and rivers; mountain collapses and river dry-ups are signs of its demise. If a state is about to perish, it will not take more than ten years, for ten is the final number of a cycle."

《左傳》曰：“昭公二十三年八月丁酉，南宮極震，萇弘謂劉文公曰：“君其勉之，先君之力可濟也。周之亡也，其本川震；今西王之大臣亦震，天棄之矣，東王必大克。注子朝在王城，故謂西王；敬王居狄泉，在王城之東，枚曰東王。”“漢安帝永初元年，郡國十八地震。地者，陰也。法當安靜。今乃越陰之職，專陽之政，故應以震動。”

The *Zuo Zhuan* records that in the twenty-third year of Duke Zhao of Lu, in the eighth month on the day of Dingyou, a collapse occurred at the southernmost part of the royal capital of the Zhou dynasty. Chang Hong told Lord Liu Wen Gong: "You must strive, for the achievements of your ancestors can still be realized. In the past, when the Zhou dynasty was about to fall, there was an earthquake in its source river; now, an earthquake has occurred at the place where the great minister of the western king resides, which indicates that heaven has abandoned him, and the eastern king will surely achieve great victory." The original commentary notes: "Prince Wang Zhaocao controlled the royal capital, so he is referred to as the 'Western King'; King Jing of Zhou resided in Diquan, which is to the east of the royal capital, so he is called the 'Eastern King.' (The original text 'Mie says Eastern King' should be 'Guo says Eastern King.') It also records: 'In the first year of Yongchu of Emperor Han An Di, an earthquake occurred in eighteen commanderies and states. Earth belongs to yin, and by nature should be quiet. Now it has exceeded the role of yin and taken over the affairs that belong to yang, so heaven responded with an earthquake."

“漢獻帝初平年中，京師地震。董卓以問蔡伯喈，伯喈對曰：‘地動陰盛，大臣逾制之所致也。公乘青蓋車，遠近以為非宜為。’先是山東豪傑並起，卓懼，乃徙天子都長安，燔燒洛陽宮室，自為太師，號曰尚父，乘青蓋車，金華爪畫兩輪，故諫之，卓乃更乘金華皂蓋車。”《地鏡》曰：“地動而折，有急令，近臣謀主，兵革興。”

In the early years of the reign of Emperor Xian of Han, during the initial period of the Chuping era, an earthquake occurred in the capital. Dong Zhuo took this event to consult Cai Yong, who replied, "Earthquake is caused by excessive Yin energy, resulting from ministers overstepping the established rules. You riding a green canopy chariot, people from near and far consider it inappropriate." Previously, heroes from the east had risen up in rebellion, and Dong Zhuo was afraid, so he moved the emperor to establish the capital in Chang'an, burned the palaces of Luoyang, took upon himself the title of Taishi, styled himself as the Supreme Elder, and rode a green canopy chariot, with golden plum blossom patterns on the wheels of the chariot. Therefore, Cai Yong used the heavenly signs to advise him; Dong Zhuo then changed to ride a chariot with golden plum blossom and black canopy. The "Di Jing" says, "When the earth trembles and cracks, there will be urgent decrees issued, ministers plotting against the sovereign, and military conflicts arising."

《秘徵篇》曰：“三公秉執，卦錄在心，則地坼。”《考異郵》曰：“臣恣，地裂坼。”《漢含孳》曰：“大夫專權，兵陵地坼。”《海中占》曰：“主好聽讒言，廢置大臣，女子為政，刑法誅殺不以以道理，則地坼。”京房《對災異》曰：“陰倍陽，被地坼；臣叛君，則義廢；此人君不親，上下不厚，致此災也。不救，則骨肉相殘，父子分離，羌夷叛去。”

The River Chart Secret Records states: "When the Three Ministers monopolize power and are preoccupied with omens and diagrams, the earth will split open." The esoteric chronicle "Spring and Autumn Examination of Differences" says: "When ministers act recklessly, the earth will split." The esoteric chronicle "Spring and Autumn Han Containing Fertility" says: "When a minister oversteps his authority, military calamities will approach, and the earth will split." The Han dynasty star divination text "Sea Divination" says: "When a ruler delights in listening to slander, arbitrarily appoints and dismisses officials, allows women to interfere in politics, and applies punishments and executions without reason, the earth will split." Jing Fang's "Response to Portents" says: "When the yin force exceeds the yang force, the earth will split; when ministers rebel against the ruler, the relationship between ruler and minister will be abandoned. This is a calamity caused by the ruler's lack of closeness to people and the thinning of the bond of benevolence and righteousness between superiors and inferiors. If not corrected, there will be internal strife among family members, father and son will be separated, and the Qiang and Yi tribes will rebel and leave."

《演孔圖》曰：“地坼，陰畔不靜，陽不施，臣下專恣，故天下以謀去主。”《潛潭巴》曰：“地裂，下分威執，曰臣不臣。”《漢書》曰：“和帝永元七年，趙國易陽，地裂。”京房《易傳》曰：“地坼裂者，臣下分離，不肯相從，災及王公。”張衡上書曰：“土裂者，威分。”《月令》曰：“季秋行冬令，則土地分裂。”《尚書說》曰：“黃帝相亡，則地裂。”

The Wei text "Chunqiu Yanzhongtu" says: "The earth cracks, indicating that the yin side is unwilling to be still, and the yang energy cannot spread, so there are people plotting to remove the sovereign." The Wei text "Chunqiu Qiantanba" says: "The earth cracks, meaning the lower ranks have divided the sovereign's authority, which is called the minister not being a minister." The "Han Shu" says: "In the seventh year of Yongyuan during the reign of Emperor Huan of Han, the land in Yiyang County of Zhao State cracked." Jing Fang's "Yi Zhuan" says: "The earth cracking indicates that the ministers are divided and not united, and the disaster will affect the princes." Zhang Heng wrote: "The land cracking indicates the authority is divided." The "Liji · Yueling" says: "In the ninth month of the third season, if winter policies are implemented, the land will crack." The "Shangshu Shuo" says: "When the Yellow Emperor's minister died, the land cracked."

京房《易妖占》曰：“陰倍陽，地分坼。”又曰：“地分，下叛主。賢明者退，不肖者進。”又曰：“地劈大者，此謂兵起天下。分離長一里以上，及成谷，其中有水且至。所謂地劈者，坼也。”又曰：“地劈於邑，城毀廢；劈於邑朝，天下有大兵，其邑獨亡，春夏無傷；劈於朝廷，邑分離為數鄉；劈於宮殿，室邑社稷滅亡；劈於社稷，乃大祠，其下邑有大殃；劈於兵冢，下民大死亡。”《抱撲子》曰：“軍中地裂，急徙居，不則軍敗。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Yao Zhan" says: "When the yin energy doubles over the yang energy, the earth will split." It also says: "When the earth splits, it indicates that those in lower positions will betray the sovereign; the virtuous will retreat into seclusion, while the wicked will be promoted." It further says: "When the earth splits greatly, this is called the outbreak of military forces. If the crack is longer than a li, or even forms a valley, water will surge out. What is called 'earth splitting' is the same as 'earth cracking.'" It also says: "If the earth splits in the area of a city, the city will be destroyed and abandoned; if it splits in the official buildings of the city, there will be great military calamities across the land, and this particular city will suffer destruction. If the splitting occurs in spring or summer, it will not cause harm. If it splits in the area of the court, the city will be divided into several towns. If it splits in the palace area, the palaces, cities, and state altars will all be destroyed. If it splits in the state altar area, a great sacrifice must be held, and the subordinate cities will suffer great calamities. If it splits in the burial grounds of the military, many people among the populace will die." Ge Hong's "Bao Pu Zi" says: "If the earth splits in a military camp, the camp should be moved quickly, otherwise the army will suffer defeat."

《地鏡》曰：“地裂劈，臣下有分離；若在城門，驕臣從中起，邑有謀兵；地裂朝廷，分其鄉部；地裂社稷，天下有大兵；地裂市里居家，不出三年，大兵起，國有憂，王道中忽坼；不出四年，王道絕，有分天地。居地分裂一里以上，或山阜破，丘有水，天下流亡。地劈有音，及見雜物形，若於朝廷、宗廟、丘社、道中咸為兵亂、國亂；地坼有聲，天下不安，國分，包兵起。地夏裂一丈以上，殺五穀。秋裂，民流亡。冬裂，大凶；兵起，國主亡。”

The "Earth Mirror" says: "If the earth cracks, it indicates that ministers and subjects will have divided loyalties and betray each other. If the crack occurs at the city gate, arrogant ministers will rebel within the city, and the city will face military plots. If the earth cracks in the imperial court, it will lead to the division of its districts. If it cracks at the altar of the state gods, there will be great military calamities throughout the land. If it cracks among the markets, lanes, and dwellings of the people, within three years, great military forces will rise, and the state will face troubles. If the earth suddenly cracks in the middle of the path of the Way, within four years, the Way will be broken, and the whole country will be in disarray. If the crack is more than one li in length, or if mountains and hills collapse, or water rises from hills and mounds, people throughout the land will flee. If the earth cracks and makes a sound, or if various strange shapes appear, and this happens in the imperial court, ancestral temples, altars, or roads, it indicates chaos and disorder in the state and country. If the earth cracks and makes a sound, the whole country will be unstable, the state will split, and military disasters will arise. If the earth cracks more than a zhang in summer, the five grains will suffer. If it cracks in autumn, the people will flee. If it cracks in winter, it will be a great calamity; military actions will arise, and the king will be defeated."

京房《易妖占》曰：“地以正月劈，有傷歲。以二月劈，人主吉，歲樂。以三月劈，歲熟，吉。以四月劈，人主吉，歲熟，五穀登。以五月劈，五穀收。以六月劈，此歲定。經七月劈，此驚駭，兵起發。以八月劈，兵大作，民流亡。以九月劈，煞兵行，人主恐亡。以十月劈，有亡，邑有兵。以十一月劈，民不安，兵大作。以十二月劈，人主大降將凶。”

Jing Fang's "Yi Yao Zhan" says: "If the earth cracks in the first month, it will damage the harvest. If it cracks in the second month, the ruler will be fortunate and the people will be happy. If it cracks in the third month, the harvest will be abundant, which is auspicious. If it cracks in the fourth month, the ruler will be fortunate and the harvest will be abundant, with the five grains being collected. If it cracks in the fifth month, the five grains will be harvested. If it cracks in the sixth month, the year will be peaceful. If it cracks in the seventh month, it will cause alarm, and military actions will be launched. If it cracks in the eighth month, military actions will increase greatly, and the people will flee. If it cracks in the ninth month, armies will be sent out for warfare, and the ruler will be anxious and may face downfall. If it cracks in the tenth month, there will be losses and deaths, and cities will suffer from military disasters. If it cracks in the eleventh month, the people will be restless, and large-scale military actions will occur. If it cracks in the twelfth month, the ruler will suffer a great demotion, and there will be calamities."

《潛潭巴》曰：“地鳴而坼，君不專政，臣叛作。”《易坤靈圖》曰：“黃之人精，兵起，地大裂，土化為人。”《易妖占》曰：“地劈有狀，掌掌闌闌，此兵急。邑分有音，哅哅亂，天下不安，傳驛相從。”“地分坼，軍破將急出，去不可止。”漢陽嘉二年六月，雒陽宣德亭地坼，長八十五丈，時李固對策，以為陰類專恣，將有分離之象，上帝以戒陛下。”

The Spring and Autumn Annals of Qiantanba say: "The earth first emits a sound and then cracks open, indicating that the sovereign cannot alone control the government, and ministers will rise up in rebellion." The esoteric book Yi Kunlingtu says: "The essence of a yellow human figure appears, military affairs arise, the earth cracks open, and soil transforms into human forms." The Yi Yaozhan says: "When the earth cracks and reveals shapes, with patches and intersections, this indicates urgent military affairs. Cities split and produce sounds, noisy and chaotic, the world is unstable, and official documents are continuously transmitted through relay stations." "When the earth splits, it signifies the defeat of the army, generals must urgently break through and flee, and once they leave, it cannot be stopped." In the second year of Yangjia during the reign of Emperor Shun of Han, in June, there was a crack in the area of Xuande Pavilion in Luoyang. At that time, Li Gu responded to the imperial summons and submitted a policy proposal, believing that this was a sign of excessive dominance by the yin forces, indicating an impending disintegration, and that heaven used this to warn the emperor.